Q: Explain the function of the following terms as used in microcontrollers.

(i). Address bus

(ii). Data bus
(iii). Control bus
Q: Explain any THREE applications of Arduino?
Q: Explain the differences between the Von Neumann and Harvard microcontroller architectures
Q: Explain any THREE differences between microprocessors and microcontrollers
Q: A 16-bit microprocessor has 10 address lines. Determine;
i. The word length
ii. The number of memory locations the processor can address.
Q: Distinguish between dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) and static random-access
memory (SRAM) highlighting an example for each.

Sample question 2: microprocessor design

What’s the basic difference between RISC and CISC architecture? Which embedded system design
scenarios does each of these two architectures should be applied to? Use some realistic examples to
explain your choice.
Sample question 3: I/O programming
1. What’s the two different methods of doing I/O programming? Explain the pros and cons of each
method.
2. Write the pseudo-code of Busy-and-Wait I/O programming using Test-and-Set.

(a) van Neumann and Harvard architectures are being employed in the design of embedded processors.
Explain briefly the main differences between these two architectures. Which of these architectures is
suitable for high performance CPUs?
Justify your answer by providing examples of CPUs that are based on each of the architecture.

What are the applications of an embedded system?

What are the main components of an embedded system?

Differentiate between timers and counters.

Draw and compare von-Neumann and Harvard architecture.

Define interrupt latency? How to avoid it.

Name some of the hardware parts of embedded systems?

What are the various types of memory in embedded systems?

Name some DSP used in embedded systems?

What is watch dog timer?
What is data memory?
What is code memory?
What are the uses of timers?
Give short notes on RAM processor?