20EEE1003 AKHIL NAYAK EXP 5

Closed Loop Operation of Buck Converter

Aim: To design and implement the closed loop operation of a buck converter.
Software Used: MATLAB 2018a
Theory: DC-DC converters are high-frequency power conversion circuits that
use high-frequency switching and inductors, transformers, and capacitors to
smooth out switching noise into regulated DC voltages.
In the closed loop converter, the IGBT switch is controlled by the pulses
generated from the feedback of the output, which is compared with the input
and the error or difference is compensated by controllers called PID
(Proportional Integral Derivative). Usually, PID is used for very complex
circuits; in this model, we will use PI (Proportional Integral) to get a good
output.
A buck converter steps a voltage down, producing a voltage lower than the
input voltage.

Theoretical Calculations:
The design of Buck Converter is
Buck Converter Specifications:
Vin = 12 V, Vo = 5 V, f = 25 KHz, Ripple in Capacitor = 20 mV, Ripple in Inductor
= 0.8 A, Duty Ratio=0.4166, Inductance(L)=145.83µH, Capacitance(C)=200µH

Closed Loop Operation of Buck Converter

Method 1

Simulink circuit:

Components Required:

Sr. No. Parameters Ratings Quantity

1 DC Voltage Source 12-50V 1
2 Resistor 1Ω 1
3 Inductor 145.83µH 1
4 Capacitor 200µH 1
5 Thyristor - 1
6 Diode - 1
7 Pulse Generator - 1
8 Voltmeter - 2
9 Ammeter - 2
Resultant Waveforms:

Observation Table:
Parameters Theoretical Values Simulation Values
DC Input Voltage 12V 12V
DC Output Average Voltage 5V 5.002V
DC Output Average Current 5A 5.002A

Closed Loop Operation of Buck Converter

Method 2
Components Required:
Sr. No. Parameters Ratings Quantity
1 DC Voltage Source 12-50V 1
2 Resistor 1Ω 1
3 Inductor 145.83µH 1
4 Capacitor 200µH 1
5 Thyristor - 1
6 Diode - 1
7 Pulse Generator - 1
8 Voltmeter - 2
9 Ammeter - 2

Resultant Waveforms:

Observation Table:
Parameters Theoretical Values Simulation Values
DC Input Voltage 12V 12V
DC Output Average Voltage 5V 5.107V
DC Output Average Current 5A 5.107A

Result:
 method 1
The output voltage closely matches the desired value, but from the
graphs, it can be seen that this method requires a longer time to reach
steady state operation.
Theory value: 5v simulated value: approx. 5V
Method 2
The output voltage closely matches the desired value, but from the
graphs, it can be seen that this method requires a shorter time to reach
steady state operation.
Theory value: 5v simulated value: approx. 5V

Conclusion:
The design of Closed Loop Operation of Buck Converter for R load with
both methods was successfully implemented in MATLAB using Simulink.
The output waveforms for voltage and current were obtained, and a
comparison between theoretically calculated and simulated output
parameter values was also performed.