Practical Ultrasonic Testing

Weld Inspection using ASME V

Presented by
Eng. Mohamed Amro Torab
ASNT NDT Level III #125760
Torab Engineering Consultancy Executive Manager

Mohamed Amro Torab ASNT NDT

1 4/2/2020 Level III

Introduction
This presentation will help
students perform testing
using the ASME V Section
code article 4

It is important to remember
that this is a general training
program and the procedure
should be referenced for
specific information.

Mohamed Amro Torab ASNT NDT

2 Level III

What you will learn

 Completing Form V
 Determine the proper transducer(s) needed for
testing a weld.
 Calibration using an IIW, rumpus, and DAC block.
 Scanning for discontinuities Types
 Sizing and location of a discontinuity.
 Accept/Reject evaluation of a discontinuity.

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 Form V
Some basic information should be completed on form V prior to
the inspection. This information includes the following:

 Weld Identification
 Material Thickness
 Type of Weld Joint
 Welding Process
 Quality Requirements
 Section Number
 Year of ASME Code used.
 Testing Date
 Inspected By
Mohamed Amro Torab ASNT NDT
4 Level III

Step 1 – Specimen Measurement

Measure the part thickness. From this thickness you will need to
calculate the skip distance. The skip distance is the area where you
will scan the part with the proper angle transducer. Mark the end of
the skip distance from the edge of the heat affected zone (HAZ).
The area in red will be used to identify the heat affected zone.

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Step 2 – Inspection Layout

The skip distance will equal the surface distance of the
two legs. You will need to know the distance of this area
in order to perform a lamination scan followed by an
angle beam examination

Half skip = a = mat.thikness*tan transducer angle

Full Skip =2a=2 mat.thikness*tan transducer angle
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 Inspection Layout
Identifying the skip distance from the edge of the
HAZ will ensure complete coverage of the weld
when performing an angle beam examination.
Full Skip =2a=2 mat.thikness*tan transducer angle

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Step 3 – Lamination Scan

A lamination scan will be performed in the area
where the angle beam inspection will take place.
This scan is performed with a straight beam
transducer.

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Lamination Scan
Perform a lamination scan from face “A”. You will need
to see at least two plate thicknesses on the display. The
first backwall reflection shall be 50 to 75% full screen
height.

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 Lamination Scan
If any area of the base metal shows a total loss of
backwall reflection, or if an indication is equal or greater
to the backwall reflection, the size and location and
depth will be reported.

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Lamination Scan
Move the transducer in all directions until the
amplitude of the signal is reduced by 50%. Mark the
center of the transducer.

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Lamination Scan
The area can be measured and included in the report. This
area should be avoided when performing an angle beam
examination.

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 Lamination Scan
Note the location and size of the lamination on report
form V or write an additional report with a drawing
showing its location.

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Lamination Scan, lamellar tearing ,LOF

and LOP

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Step 4 – Transducer Angle

AME V needs all the transducer angles to test the weld. For
material 0.50” the transducer angle used will be 70 degrees and
may be enough for such thickness - On Form V record the
transducer angle and faces which you will be testing from.

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 Step 5 – Screen Range
Calculate the full V-path. This is determined by the
material thickness and transducer angle. Choose the
appropriate screen range in order to see a minimum
sound path of two legs.
2S = 2 mat thick /cos transducer angle

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Step 6-Calibration - IIW Block

All measurements are taken from where the signal
breaks the baseline of the ultrasonic screen.

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Screen Range – IIW Block

Adjust the ultrasonic machine to obtain the proper
screen range. With an IIW type II block shown, the
backwall reflections will be located at 2” and 4”.

Position of the signals

with a Mohamed
10” screen range.
Amro Torab ASNT NDT
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 Screen Range – IIW Block
The position of the 2” and 4” reflections when using a
5” screen range.

Position of the signals

Mohamed Amro Torab ASNT NDT
19 with a 5” screen range. Level III

Screen Range – DSC Block

The distance and sensitivity calibration block (DSC) can be
used for calibration. With the transducer placed in the position
shown, the reflections will take place at 1”, 5”, 9”, etc.

Position of the signals

with aMohamed Amro
10” screen Torab ASNT NDT
range.
20 Level III

Screen Range – DSC Block

With the transducer placed in the position shown, the
reflections will take place at 1”, 5”, 9”, etc.

Position of the signals

with Mohamed
a 5.0” screen
Amro range.
Torab ASNT NDT
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 Screen Range – DSC Block
With the transducer placed in the position shown, the
reflections will take place at 3”, 7”, 11”, etc.

Position of the signals

Mohamed Amro Torab ASNT NDT
22 with a 10” screen range. Level III

Screen Range – DSC Block

With the transducer placed in the position shown, the
reflections will take place at 3”, 7”, 11”, etc.

Position of the signals

withMohamed
a 15” screen
Amro range.
Torab ASNT NDT
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Screen Range – Rumpus Block

The miniature calibration block or rumpus block can also be
used for calibration. With the transducer placed in the position
shown, the reflections will take place at 1”, 4”, 7”, 10” etc.

Position of the signals

Mohamed Amro Torab ASNT NDT
24 with a 5” screen range. Level III

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 Screen Range – Rumpus Block
With the transducer placed in the position shown, the
reflections will take place at 1”, 4”, 7”, 10” etc.

Position of the signals

Mohamed Amro Torab ASNT NDT
25 with a 10” screen range. Level III

Screen Range – Rumpus Block

With the transducer placed in the position shown, the
reflections will take place at 2”, 5”, 8”, etc.

Position
Mohamedof Amro
the signals
Torab ASNT NDT
26 with a 5” screen range. Level III

Screen Range – Rumpus Block

With the transducer placed in the position shown, the
reflections will take place at 2”, 5”, 8”, etc.

Position of the signals

Mohamed Amro Torab ASNT NDT
27 with a 10” screen range. Level III

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 Step 7 – Transducer Exit Point
Determine the exit point of the transducer. Peak the signal on
the ultrasonic machine and verify that the index point on the
plastic wedge matches the calibration block. You may use tape
and a pen to mark the exit point. This will allow for easier
measurements when measuring the surface distance.

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Exit Point – IIW Block

The exit point and screen range can be performed at the same
time. Slide the transducer back and forth until the signal is
maximized. The pictures below shows the location of the
transducer when verifying the exit point using an IIW type II
block.

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Exit Point – DSC Block

The exit point and screen range can be performed at the same
time. Slide the transducer back and forth until the signal is
maximized. The pictures below shows the location of the
transducer when verifying the exit point.

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 Exit Point – Rumpus Block
The exit point and screen range can be performed at the same
time. Slide the transducer back and forth until the signal is
maximized. The picture below shows the location of the
transducer when verifying the exit point.

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Step 8 – Transducer Angle

The angle of the transducer will need to be verified. It
shall be within plus or minus 2 degrees of the required
angle.

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Angle – IIW Block

Slide the transducer back and forth until the signal is
maximized. The picture below shows the location of
the transducer when verifying the transducer angle.

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 Angle – DSC Block
Slide the transducer back and forth until the signal is
maximized. The picture below shows the location of
the transducer when verifying the transducer angle.

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Angle – Rumpus Block

Slide the transducer back and forth until the signal is
maximized. The picture below shows the location of
the transducer when verifying the transducer angle.

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Step 9 – Transducer Resolution

The resolution shall be checked with the instrument controls set at normal
test settings and the indications from the holes brought to midscreen height.
Resolution shall be sufficient to identify the peaks of the three holes.

Position of the signals

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 DAC Curve block

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Step 10- DAC Curve Drawing

Reference block with side drilled
holes and resulting echoes
DAC db is at 80%of screen
height from determined reflector
hole

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Step11- Scanning Level

a scanning level shall 10 dB above the reference level.
As per ASME V : **DAC level +2db transfer+ 2
attenuation difference + 6 db Magnification
**Evaluation level shall be = DAC level +2db transfer
+2 Attenuation

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 Step 12 – Initial Information Scan
Perform an initial information scan marking the
location of any suspected discontinuities.

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Step13- Weld Configuration

You can draw a diagram of the weld on the ultrasonic screen
with a water based marker or grease pencil. The line is drawn
at the end of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd leg. This may help you
visualize the location of the discontinuity in the weld.

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Step13- Weld Configuration

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 Step 14 – Surface Distance
Calculate the surface distance in order to determine if
the signal is located in the weld.

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Step 15 – Discontinuity Depth

Calculate the depth in order to determine if the signal
is located in the weld.

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Step 16 – Sound Path

Move the transducer in all directions in order to peak
the signal from the discontinuity. Record the “Sound
Path” on Form V.

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 Step 17 – Sound Path
Record the “Leg” on Form V.

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Step 18- Location and type of defect

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Step 18- Location and type of defect

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 Step 19- Location and type of defect

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Step 20 – Discontinuity Length

Maximize the signal amplitude from the discontinuity.

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Step 21 – Discontinuity Length

Slide the transducer parallel with the weld until the
signal amplitude has reduced by 50%. Mark the
location next to the weld aligned with the center of the
transducer. Perform this procedure in both directions.

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 Step 22- Discontinuity Length
Record the length on Form V and apply
acceptance criteria

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Any Question

Thank You
Mohamed Amro Torab
ASNT NDT Level III #125760
Torab Engineering Consultancy Executive Manager
info@torab-engineering.com
Cell/phone : +201000071969

Mohamed Amro Torab ASNT NDT

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