} Dacre ner onic Tita eat e ; | Wan Language and | enn oh Beginner: eS CURED aD AAU SEEM Ty (PTD en CVOne TortsDiaz dauassulnudmsugidsusuu & 9 e Language and | | ldl Culture for Beginners Yuphaphann Hoonchamlong ywWese YudIEAS THAI LANGUAGE PROGRAM UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI'I AT MANOA 2007Thai Langaage and Calture for Begiuners Book 1 mnruavionosailnedmiugiaion wa o ISBN 978-974-7512-25-0 Copyright © 2007 by Yuphaphann Hoonchamlong All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in anyform or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright owner. Requests for permission or further information should be addressed to: ‘Yuphaphann Hoonchamlong -mail: yaphapha@hawaii.edu Website: www.yhoonchamlong.net aorudsantmunserniiydia i.e. 2547 unwsant Yusaaos fiuvindofl 1: Hswinw 2550 | s7w7w 500 wu 1" printing: August 2007 | 500 copies Designed by; Dream Catcher Graphic Co, Ltd, Tel, +662 455 3995 Fax. +662 454 4266 Printed in Thailand.Ua a ‘Thai Language and Culture for Beginners aims to provide a basic foundation in conversa- tional Standard Thai for beginning learners. It focuses on developing the learners listening and speaking skills | Designed primarily for use in Thai as a Foreign Language classes in U.S. universities, this course book uses a proficiency-based approach to learning Thai and covers the daily real life topics and situations that a student might encounter. ‘The materials in this volume (Book 1) will provide students with a foundation in Thai language proficiency for listening and speaking skills at the Novice-High/Intermediate Low level, as defined by American Council on the Teaching of Foreign f Languages (ACTFL) Completion of these materials through classroom study and self practice will prepare students for further study of Thai ‘The Thai Language and Culture for Beginners courscbook set (Book 1 and Book 2) consists of 31 lessons and appendix se samples of songs and poems of Thailand, as well as an index to structural patterns introduced in the text and a vocabulary index in both Thai co English and English to Thai order, providing both IPA transcription and Thai script. This volume (Book 1) consists of 20 lessons, grouped into five units, Each lesson provides the learners with a presentation of the language points or skills to be practiced by providing key terms, structures and expressions relating co the skills indicated and contextualizing them in dialogs based on the theme of the lesson 4 The content of each lesson also provides relevant cultural explanations and grammar notes for the learners, so that the classroom time can be spent on language practice and language interaction q for communication between teachers and students and among students. ‘The language material in this text is presented both in Romanized transcription based on the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) and Thai script, with English explanation. In this volume (Book 1} the content in Thai script appears with added space marking word boundaries to help the learners identify words in Thai script. ‘The accompanying audio-CD provides the reading of the terms and expressions introduced in each lesson. The video-DVD provides video-clips of the enactment of the contextualized dialogs as audio-visual samples of language usage. The course book, along with the audio-CD and video-DVD, can also be used as a reference material for beginning learners to prepare and review language points practiced in class. This textbooks and the accompanying audiovisual materials should be used in conjunction with the study of the Thai writing system, ‘The recommended resource for Thai script instruction is J. Marvin Brown's AUA Language Center Thai Course Reading and Writing (text and workbook), published by the AUA Language Center. Despite our effort in checking, editing and proofreading, Lam certain that there are errors and inconsistencies that remain in this edition, I welcome comments, feedback and suggestions to improve this textbook. Please send them to yuphaphag@hawaii.eduDescription of Proficiency Thai Proficiency Guidelines (adapted from ACTFL 1986 and Revised 1999) Novice-High Able to satisfy partially the requirements of basic communi- cative exchanges by relying heavily on learned utterances but occasionally expanding these through simple recombinations of their elements. Can ask questions or make statements involving learned material. Shows signs of spontaneity although this falls short of real autonomy of expression. Speech continues to consist of leamed utterances rather than of personalized, situationally adapted ones. Vocabulary centers on areas such as basic objects, places, and most common kinship terms. Pronunciation may still be strongly influenced by first language. Errors are frequent and, in spite of repetition, some Novice-High speakers will have difficulty being understood even by sympathetic interlocutors. Intermediate-Low Able to handle successfully a limited number of interactive, task-oriented, and social situations. Can ask and answer questions, initiate and respond to simple statements, and maintain face-to-face conversation, although in a highly restricted manner and with much linguistic inaccuracy. Within these limitations, can perform such tasks as introducing self, ordering a meal, asking directions, and making purchases. Vocabulary is adequate to express only the most elementary needs, Strong interference from native language may occur. Misunderstandings frequently arise, but with repetition, ih the Incermediate-Low speaker can generally be understood by sympathetic interlocutors. ivNovice-High Able to understand short, learned utterances and some sentence-length utterances, particularly where context strongly supports understanding and speech is clearly audible. Compre- hends words and phrases from simple questions, statements, high-frequency commands, and courtesy formulae. May require repetition, rephrasing, and/or a slowed rate of speech for comprehe n. Intermediate-Low Able co understand sentence-length utterances that consist of recombinations of learned elements in a limited number of content areas, particularly if strongly supported by the situational context. Content refers to basic personal background and needs, social conventions and routine tasks, such as getting meals and receiving simple instructions and directions. Listening tasks pertain primarily to spontaneous face-to-face conyersations. Understanding is often uneven; repetition and rewording may be necessary. Misunderstandings in both main ideas and details arise frequently.Wd AAT Raa) ‘The Thai Language and Culture for Beginners course book and the accompanying audio-CD and video-DVD were developed during 2003-2006 with funding from the U.S. Department of Education (International Research and Studies Program Grant Award No. P017A030070). I also would like to acknowledge the influence and guidance of the following predecessor Thai textbooks: J. Marvin Brown's A. U.A, Language Center Thai Course Books 1 and 2, Adrian Palmer's Small Tafk, Preecha Juntanamalaga and Tony Diller’s Beginning Thai, Wilaiwan Khanittanan’s An Introductory Course in Thai Language and Culture and Manas Chitakasem and David Smyth's Linguaphone Thai. For the presentational format, I am also particularly inspired and influenced by Cynthia Ning’s Communicating in Chinese. My special thanks to Yudthaphon “Noom” Vichianin, my technical assistant, whose technical expertise is instrumental in the preparation and production of the text manuscript and the audio-visual materials, He also contributed as one of the readers of lists of words and phrases for the audio CD, and he served as a sounding board for the realistic quality of the language used in the dialogs. I would like to thank my English language editors, Liam Kelley and Carol ‘Compton, who not only took time from their busy schedules to help improve the English explanations bur also provided usefull comments and suggestions on the overall content, format and organization of the book. I also thank Michael Snook, who edited the English translation of the dialogs in the first draft. For che audio- visual material production, I would like to thank Rugchanok Janevarakul for her assistance with the audio materials production, Weerin Chaiariyakul and Kanjana ‘Thepboriruk for their assistance in the final compilation of the audio CD, Suthida Kalayanarooj for her advice on the video preduction, and Yi Yong Huang for his technical assistance. I am also grateful to the National Foreign Language Resource Center of the University of Hawaii for permission to use their language instruction graphics and clip-art collection. My thanks also go to John Hartmann, Prawet Jantharat, Chintana’Takahashi and to my other Thai Language teaching colleagues in the United States and Thailand for providing moral support over the years. Lastly, I thank the University of Hawaii's Department of Indo Pacific Languages and the College of Languages, Linguistics and Literatures for adminis- trative support during this project vi+ Map of Thailand: from CIA World Factbook 2002, public domain heeps://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/gcos/th.hem| UNIT 13 + Khanon khrok: he Desserts/ie-thai-dessertist.htm * Khanom Buang: heep://www. 101 netkids.com/project/food/food_01/a04.heml * Clip art graphics: UH-NFLRC dip art collection :/ www. geocities.com/BourbonStreet/Delta/7219/ UNIT 2.1 + Pictures of characters and celebrities: from various public domain websites | UNIT 2.4 * Policeman, rice farmer, orchard farmer: noumsfinwmanlsaiiun (2545) auutindumtsfalne naw fiuvindst 2 ng unws: nesviawnsénuuan Taaun. wh 17 + Picture of Thongchai: from bbbird.com | + Clip art graphics: UH-NFLRC dip art collection, UVics Language Teaching Clipart Library, hetp://wveb.uvic.ca/heme/elipary UNIT 3.2 * Phosop’s pictures: http://www.mce.cmu.ac.th/graduate/Agro723/Reading_ Materials/Rice_Culture.heml and heep://www.sf.ac.th/workstd/land/ motherhum viiUNIT 3.3 * Fermented rice noodle (uua@u): heep://www.101netkids.com/project/food/ food_02/b01.html UNIT 3.4 * Utensil clip art graphics: UH-NFLRC and UVic's Language Teaching Clipart Library: heep://web.uvic.ca/heme/clipart/ + Sacrim: heep://www.101 netkids.com/project/food/food_O1/al1.heml + Thapthim Krop: www.medang.com UNIT 4.2 + Man having ameal: nawnsanwiwanlyaaun (2545) uvualndrumivia lng nen, Ranfadan 2 nyinns: nesviauanséinumuentssiiun, wth 75 + Clip are graphics (in black and white): Purdue's Royalty-Free Clip Art Collection for Foreign/Second language instruction. hecp://tell.fl.purdue.edu/ JapanProj/FLClipart/ * Clip art graphics in color: UH-NFLRC UNIT 5.3 * Map of suanlum: hetp://www-bangkokbob.nevmap/bed_678.htm * Map of BTS/MRT: www.thailanderavelers.com + Tuktuk and “motorcycle station”: htep://www-into-asia.com/bangkok/ othertransporvexpress river boat: hrep://www.bangkokbob.net/ UNIT 5.4 * Mosquito net: naunisfinsnuanlssi4uu (2545) uvuélndmnivdelne new a favinded 2 nanny: nosvtannmsfinenuonlaaion. wih 64 * Bathroom jar: www.thaitambon.com * Bathroom jar with small bowl: www.prapathai.com APPENDIX 2.3 + Somtam: hetp://www.thaifoodtoworld.com/home/recipedetail php2recipe_id=8| The remaining graphics and pictures were created/taken by the author. | UNIT 1.1 + iets (Sawasdii) | | Vocal by: a7¥aif lasaseqaaug (Vorarar Traitrakulsin) Music by: ynnwa 4t8u38unt (Yudthaphon Vichianin) + wiaAuilastny (Hello Thailand) Edited from the AIS-Sawasdii commercial from: www-adintrend.com UNIT 2.2 + Hs (Elephant) rat Music and vocal by: dawsd 937027f1 (Torpong Wannawati) | : UNIT 3.2 | * qanagmula (Where's the Restroom?) | Music and vocal by: dawad 237m (Torpong Wannawati) | UNIT 3.4 | + Edited from the refrain of the song “aasg” (Try) by unuua hutp://www.doitao.com/main/default.asp | | There are instances where we have been unable to trace or contact the copyright | holder before our printing deadline. We apologize for this apparent negligence. If notified, we will be pleased to rectify any errors or omissions at the earliest opportunity.Table of Contents /ii About the Thai Language & Transcription Guide xiii ‘Lesson 1.1 Learn basic courtesy expressions in social interaction 2 Lesson 1.2 Make self introductions; stare one’s own name; ask for a name; learn common polite pronouns; Numbers 1-5 11 Lesson 1.3. Learn useful phrases for students of Thai in social interaction, and items in the classrooms Numbers 6-10 23 Lesson 1.4 Provide and obtain information about nationality and language; Numbers 11-20 34 Lesson 2.1. Provide and obtain personal descriptions; make comparisons; Numbers 20-10-1000, 46 Lesson 2.2 Provide and obtain personal information about living arrangement, addresses, telephone numbers etc; Number 10,000-100,000-1,000,000 60 Lesson 2.3. Provide and obtain information about kinship terms and marital status; be familiar with some Thai names 70 Lesson 2.4 Provide and obtain information about professions 88 RI Lesson 3.1 Talk about a specific number of some objects; learn some common classifiers; learn about Thai currency; make a simple purchase transaction (ask about price, bargain, etc) 102 Lesson 3.2 Provide and obtain information about personal needs and want; express preferences likes & dislikes 114 Lesson 3.3 Make requests; order simple foods; learn about Thai food 123 Lesson 3.4. Make requests; order simple foods for a group and pay for food in a restaurant; offer and decline treats; learn about the eating etiquette of Thais 135Lesson 4.1 Lesson 4.2 Lesson 4.3 Lesson 4.4 nies ‘Talk about the time of day ‘Talk about time in terms of the segments of the days, and about daily routines; make an appointment, and invite someone for an activity List days of the week; state relative time in terms of days/weeks; use cerms for duration of time; and make/negotiate appointments List the names of the months; talk about dates, seasons and weather; make comparisons, and talk about degree 150 160 170 178 Lesson 5.1 Specify establishments and locations in a town; estimate distances; indicate directions, and talk about provinces and regions of Thailand 190 Lesson 5.2. Give and follow simple directions 200 Lesson 5.3. Talk about modes of transportation 210 Lesson 5.4 Talk about the location of objects; describe places and discuss housing 220 Appendix 1 Useful Phrases for Social Occasions 236 Appendix 2 Songs and Poems of Thailand 237 1. National Anthem 2, Royal Anthem 3. Papaya Salad (Som Tam) 4, Flowers will bloom Appendix 3 Summary of Structural Patterns 245 Vocabulary Index: Thai to English 250 Vocabulary Index: English to Thai 264 xiRe eae ‘The following abreviations are used to indicate the “part of speech” or “grammatical category.” n noun | num. numeral | lf. classifier | da. demonstrative adjective dp. demonstrative pronoun pron. pronoun conj. conjunction prt. particle excl. exclamation aux. auxiliary neg. negation prep. prepositon ady. adverb (degree, manner, duration, frequency, time) quant. quantifier fs verb name name mod, noun modifier ¢ question wordbout The Thai Lgnguage § Transcription Guide ‘Thai, also known as Siamese or Standard Thai, is the official national language of Thailand, a country located in the center of Southeast Asia sharing common borders with Malaysia, Myanmar, Laos and Cambodia. It is spoken by about 60 million people in ‘Thailand, Thai is a tonal language belonging to the Tai language family, which includes languages spoken in Assam, northern Burma, all of Thailand including the peninsula, Laos, Northern Vietnam and the Chinese provinces of Yunnan, Guizhou (Kweichow) and Guangxi (Kwangsi). A Thai sentence may contain a subject, a verb, and an object in that order, similar to English, Thai does not make use of inflections or verb conjugation, Tense distinctions in the sentences are either deter- mined by context or by adverbs and expressions of time. Thai has its own script, which is basically alphabetic in nature, i., the script corresponds with the pronunciation xiv‘Standard Thai is only one of four major regional Thai dialects spoken in Thailand. It is based on the Central Thai dialect as spoken in Bangkok. Other major regional dialects are: Kham Muang spoken in Northern Thailand, Isan or Lao, spoken in the Northeast region and Pak Tai or Southern Thai, spoken in Southern Thailand. % *AHOM/Y%, - (INDIA ~S DNOTIVE WHITE TAI Southwestern Branch (777) Central Branch Sack Northern Branch ‘% Extinct LAN THAILAND , 4 MALAYA. Map: Approximate General Location of Some Tai Language (From Comrie, Bernard (ed). The World’s Major Languages. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.)Standard Thai Sound System and Transcription Guide In this book, the lessons are presented in Thai script and in transcription symbols marked by /..../, representing the pronunciation. A syllable break within a multi-syllable wor indicated by the marker - The transcription symbol set used in this book follows the transcription convention used in Brown 1967, which is based on the International Phonetic Association (IPA) Symbols. Consonant Sounds ‘There are 20 consonant sounds in Standard Thai. The following chart presents IPA consonant symbols matched with the corresponding Thai consonants that are pronounced in a similar way or the same way as the sounds of their English consonant counterparts. 1B} di | RR eS amen)" ne) | er 8 wily ulag| WA waaw nv wm) os wae 2 [og ‘The following chart of symbols presents those consonants that are pronounced a bit differently from the sounds as pronounced in English. The closest pronunciation of a sound as it ‘occurs in an English word is provided as a guide. Note: The h combination in the following symbols means that a sound is pronounced with a puff of air. Symbol | Approximate pronunciation | Thai Consonants | Thai word Example ) as in spin a ln /paa/ to throw [ph | asinpin WAL | wr iphaal to bring along | lit = as in still r AQ |miavee | th asin till nn, 0 yin /thaa/ to spread on ik as in skin } md ™ /kaa/ crow kh 5 ui a, a, a iil ™” Mkhaal 10 be lodged in c a ‘1% /eaan/ plate ch as in church: B, wa 1 /chaa/ tea 1? as in the beginning soundin | @ m7 [Paal younger sibling | the second syllable of “uh-uh” of father (meaning “no”) Fy asin sing 4 314 Ayaan/ work© Vowel Sounds ‘There are 18 single vowels in Standard Thai: a set of nine short vowels, and a set of their nine long counterparts. There are also three diphthongs. The following charts show the place of articulation and tongue height in pronunciation. The long vowels are indicated by double vowel symbols. Short Vowels | Front | Centrat si Back | Mid Low Bligh Mid Low Diphthongs ia [wa [ua The following are approximate pronunciations in English words that each vowel tran- scription symbol represents, along with an example of a Thai word with the vowel. Short and Long Vowels i | asinhit Ti | asin beat | & 1112/ to scold @ Mild to hit | e@ | asinget €@ | asin gate | \8u Men/ tendon law /Peen/ to lean € | asincat €€ | asinbad | une /ke?/ sheep un fkee/ you | xviiEEE ay as in could UU] as into | ys fyun/ mosquito 449 /yuun/ peacock [0 | asintoge ©0| asinso | | aa /sot/ to be fresh Tao Jscot/ 10 be single 2 | asin bowom* 99 | asin Paul* 4 | | ime /k92/ island ie /ko9/ 10 create | a | asinbuter aa | asin far 7 Iwan! palace 3 Avaan to put ie - | [2a] asinbira | mae /thd2%/ @ final particle tna /thaa/ she @ | asinub-uh BY) os inhmm ee" fis Mkhiin/ to stretch Gu /khiun/ 10 resist, defy *Please note that in some dialects of American English, the 9 sound and the 99 sound may not occur in these words. Diphthongs asin beer du /mial ‘wife’ . | (Fo /raa/ ‘boat? as in tour. | A /thiva/ ‘throughout’ Note that for the diphthongs, the vowels in the English examples only approximate the Thai sounds; they are not exact equivalents. Tones Thai is a tonal language. This means pitches are meaningful. A syllable pronounced with a different pitch will carry a different meaning. ‘There are five distinctive tones (pitches) in Standard Thai. They are 1. mid level tone (no tone mark in the transcription) for example: /khaa/ to be lodged in 2. low level tone (marked with the symbol ~ in the transcription) for example: 2) /khaa/ Galanga, an aromatic root3. falling tone (marked with the symbol ~ in the transcription) for example: 91 /khaa/ /, slave, servant 4, high level tone (marked with the symbol “in the transcription) for example: #1 /khaa/ to sell 5. rising tone (marked with the symbol ~ in the transcription) for example: 91 /khaa/ leg ‘Mia Low Falling High Rising | 7 /khaa/ 1h /khaa/ th hkhaa/ 9 /khaa/ 1 /khaa/ “to be lodged in’ *Galanga, ‘I, slave, servant’ “to sell” ‘leg? an aromatic root” ‘The following is a chart of average fundamental frequency contours for tones adapted from the chart given in Jackson Gandour (1976). FALLING FREQUENCY IN Hz 0 100% DURATION References ‘Comrie, Bernard (ed.). The World's Major Languages. New York: Oxford University Press. 1990. Gonsdour, Jackson, 1996, Aspects of Thai Tones. Doctoral Dissertation. University of California, Los Angeles PhD.Disseriation, 1996, xixA Note on Transcription, Pronunciation and Orthography. ‘The transcription in this textbook reflects the pronunciation of the words used in careful connected speech in conversational ‘Standard Thai, to serve as a guide for pronunciation for learners. It is a compromise between the “authoritative” pronunciation of words in citation form (ic. said in isolation) which reflects the written form (in Thai script) and the actual pronunciation in colloquial Thai in everyday natural speech. ‘There can be some discrepancy between the transcription and the recorded pronunciation in the accompanying audio files. This serves as an example of the variation in pronunciation in natural speech of Thai speakers. The following are some of the prevalent and noticeable variations in spoken Thai that you might encounter in natural conversational speech of Thai speukers. + Vowels in unstressed syllables (typically the first syllable ina multi-syllable word) tend to be shortened, and the tone in such shortened syllables tends to be neutralized to mid tone ‘The substitution of the sound /1/ with /U/, for example, 19) /raw/ is pronounced as 17 /law/ ‘The omission of the sound /t/ or // in initial consonant clusters, for example, &4nq% /2ay-krit/ is pronounced as fay-kit/, ts /plaaw/ is pronounced as /paaw/ For speakers in their twenties or younger, there are slight change in the ending pitch of the falling tone and the rising tone; i.e., the falling tone does not quite “fall” and the rising tone does not quite “rise”a nia @ a POST ore moe stored in social interaction aw WEN cara ertec tet eRe Ca COCO cece ee wierd eT MO ems rtied Numbers 1-5 lesson 3 se one recoe rman onic OM Um Racer corer PUR oue nme Tae E Rett Numbers 6-10 aes LOOT C ener mn CMe tet y PUT raetsCorl sae UCM Ets e to Numbers 11-20Skill: To learn basic courtesy expressions in social interaction ~~ Dialogs ..anawnw /bot son-tha-naa/ Dialog 1.1.1 Greetings a. Amale student (A) meets his teacher (B). ataa a%u owns sa-wat-dii khrap ?aa-caan. Bs Hello teache ataa te sa-wat-dii ca. _ Hello. b. A female student (A) meets her teacher (B). wine sa-wat-dii kha. Hello teacher, BD siaa sa-wat-d Hello. Dialog 1.1.2 Greetings Two acquaintances meet. wine ai sa-wat-dii khrap. Hello. sist riz sa-wat-dii kha. Hello. Dialog 1.1.3 Greetings a, Two friends meet. wind wat-dii, Hi. Bo ii d's tha pen yan-nay baan. What's up? wind wat-dii. Hi. 21w nub. Two friends meet in the street. wind atu wat-dii khrap. wu wn Aa ay nay maa khray Wt 4 pay nay khrap. B wat wat-dii. Dialog 1.1.4 Taking leave A takes leave. ‘ riew uz atu pay koon na khrap. uaa tao HH leew coo kan. usa waa nu de leew caa kan ca. Dialog 1.1.5 Thanks A receives something from B. vougm iz khoop-khun kha. “hidiwls a3 may-pen-ray khrap. Dialog 1.1.6 Apologies A accidentally bumps into B. valny atu kh9-thoot khrap. EH latilu'ls ei: may-pen-ray kha. Dialog 1.1.7 Showing consideration. 4. Tivo students approach an empty chair at the same time. A invites B to use the seat. bA io Te af a Where have you bee! ti ie + I've got to go now, See you later. y See you later. ‘Thank you You're welcome, I'm sory, ‘That’s alright, accidentally bumps into B. B drops something. A picks it up for her Bq atu choon khrap. . Please. Go ahead. en vougm az khdop-khun kha. Thank you. Thai Language and Culture fo valny piu khd-thoot khrap. + I'm sorry. ‘biluls fiz may-pen-ray kha. * That's alright. fi oiu ni khrap. * Here you are. vaugnm iz khdop-khun kha. * Thank you. ‘iluls au may-pen-ray khrap. * Don’t mention it.Other commonly used greetings and replies tia dls pen-yan-nay anual sa-baay dii Geug réay-ruay thing yan-nan yan-nan Sug yan-yan Songs twas /phleen/ How are you? Fine. So so. (Lit. Coming along) Soso So so. (shortened from /yay-yan yan-nan/) AIAA /sa-wat-dii/ stat wa th sa-wat-dii tho caa. ian wu in raw maa phop kan. tna nu au thoo kap chan aisa wise sa-wat-dii sa-wat-dii. Hello. Friend. We meet each other, You and I. Hello, hello. atad itaolne /sa-wat-dii muan-thay/ Hello, Thailand! Finely fine 4 107 ly fak-fon fak-fon kan 2aw way — Let’s all practice and practice! Living in Thailand, La lala... la. This is Thailand. Let's all greet each other! ataa iflos'ine sa-wat-dii muan-thay ag fi aslo yuu thii muan-thay ns laa fiya aia@ — khray khray ko phuut sa-wat-dii Everyone says “Sawatdii.” 47.8781... 97 & idastna nii muap-thay wiad fu sa-wat-dii kan way un fe ‘lw wind yok muu waay sa-wat-dii Vocabulary ...éwvi /sap/ « staat sa-wat-dii < wind wat-dii « ay khrap Raise your hands in a “wai” of greeting. Hello (neutral, formal) Hi (familiar) prt. polite particle for men (neutral)2 ann vouAm olny a ‘bids aris dala usols tW ‘tw flvn ‘ww ‘wilwun furiaw ue au kha ‘Yaa-caan (citation form) Ya-caan (spoken form) khdop-khun (citation form) khdp-khun (spoken form) kh3o-thoot (citation form) kh9-thGot (spoken form) ae ee yaan-ray yan-nay pen-yan-nay phop kan may chgon ni sa-baay prt. polite particle for women (neutral) prt. particle used by men and women to show affection/ familiarity to person of lower status n. teacher, title of university professors, can be used as a term of addr 8s. Thank you T apologize. I'm sorry. neg. no, not That's alright; It doesn’t matter, 4g. How? What? In what way? (citation form) 4g. How? (spoken form) What's up? v. to go, q. Where? n., q. Where? Where are you going? Where have you been? I'm leaving. (Lit. [ leave first) prt. particle used to make an utterance gentler. v. to meet pron. each other adv. again, new Please do; go ahead. 1. Here it is. Here you are 2. dip. this y. to be comfortable, to be well rs @is‘a aud ia a m lasing Andy [yan wir "bi ria 61> | maa haw nwa ry kat dii sa-baay di thao caa raw muan-thay fuk fak-fon kan hy law way ste thi khray khray khray phuut yok v. to be good I'm fine. pron. you (familiar) prt. particle used by men and women to show affection/familiarity. Used in addressing or replying. pron. we Thailand, Thais informally call the country by this name, See also unit 2.3 language notes. y. to practice vy. to practice pron. (reciprocal). each other, one another, mutually, together adv. adds a completive sense to the verb, often in the sense of to have on hand, ready. v. to be located at prep. at pron. someone, anyone pron. everyone (see also Unit 6.1 Language Notes) v. to speak, to say v. to raise n. hand See Culture Notes 1. © Dog + to bark +not + to bite © Dogs that bark do not bite. “A barking dog never bites: nudiombufidaidte1 Greetings # 3a /sa-wat-dii/ is used in greeting and saying goodbye, very much like the Hawaiian “aloha.” However, among friends a variant shortened form wia@ /wat-dii/ is normally used to show familiarity and solidarity. #34 /sa-wat-dii/ is a relatively new word in the language, coined in 1931 and officially adopted in 1941 asa formal and neutral greeting to accommodate formal and neutral social interaction. Traditionally, the phrases “Lulu /pay nay/ “Where are you going?” ‘lalwunn /pay nay maa/ “Where have you been?” and fiutinn waa wo #9 /kin khaaw léew re yan/ “Have you eaten?” were used as greetings and are still often used in rural areas today. These phrases are used as greetings and are not meant as intruding questions, so the person greeted does not need to answer these questions. The phrase tia da'la pen yan-nay’ is used as a greeting for familiar parties who haven't seen each other recently. Thais normally don’t inquire about health as a greeting unless each inter- locutor hasn’t seen each other for a long time. In greetings, the junior should greet the senior first. Thai greetings and thanks (by a junior to a senior) are normally accompa- nied by the lw3 vaay, gesture. See cultural note 1. De Particles Particles are small words that end a sentence or an utterance in Thai. Particles are important in Thai social interaction—they indicate politeness, as well as the emotions and attitudes of speakers. They also make an utterance softer and gentler. The most important are the formal polite particles. Men and ‘women use different forms: © au /khrap/ for men. This particle is neutral with respect to formality; © dz /kha/ for women (end of a statement), @z /kha/ for women (end of a question, or when following another particle) © adescal, ¥ seal, $9 /caal are a set of gender-neutral particles for showing familiarity and affection among equals, or used by seniors to juniors (in age and status). Thai Language and Culture for Beginners 4Fe /ca/ is used to end a statement or acknowledgement, as seen used by the professors to students in Dialog 1.1.1. 9x /cal is used ina similar way to @¥ /kha/ic., at the end of a question or following another particle. 91 /caal is a particle of affection used in replying to an address or after the pronoun of address. Finally, there is an attitude particle, We /na/, which is used at the end of a suggestion or a statement. It can be followed by a polite particle, for example: wear /na kha/, weatu /na khrap/, weds /na cal. 3. Pronouns Thai has a complicated set of personal pronouns. The usage varies with the relationship of the interlocutors and the situation of the speech event. The following are some formal and neutral pronouns, Only two formal pronouns are gender specific: HN /phomy/ (male); 4% /dichan/ (female), [~1sperson | __wal/phom/ (m), polite, neutral | au /dichan/ (f), polite, formal | E @u /chan/ (m, f) polite, neutral | 2 person qm /khun/ (m,f) polite | | tna /thoo/ (m,f) polite, familiar 3 person tan /khawi(m, f) he, she, they (wa /thoo/ (f) she 04 /khun/ is also used as a title of address before a name to show polite- ness and deference (equivalent to Mr. or Ms.) when addressing others. One does | not use 914 /khun/ as a title of address to refer to oneself. To do so is considered pretenti us. A Ouestion wort The position of a question word in a sentence in Thai is also where the reply to the question word will be in non-expressional, regular questions. For example, the “where” question word flv /thii-nay/ comes after the verb, which is where the answer will be too. Ble nmruarinurrnilnada. law /nay/, f'n /thii-nay/ where (motion verbs) | where (Subject) | "ll tau Where do/does Subject go? pay nay \ Where is/are Subject going? (motion verbs) | where i (Subject), "ld ‘nu wn Where hashhave Subject pay nay maa j gone/been? L b. dalls /yan-nay/ atiws'ty /yaan-nay/ How? (Subject) | vila atts | How is/are (Subject)? pen yaay-ray | ¥. | sly | I yan-nay | (Subject) | to be how am uw ails | How is Suda? aww | ily fala | How is the teacher? aa-caan | pen yan-nay | qn hu aol | How are you? Khun pen yan-pay | Ne as iwaey/ ‘Iwi /waay/ is a gesture to show respect and courtesy in Thai. To “waay one presses the palms together at chest level, accompanied by bowing the head towards the hands. The more one bows, the more respect it signifies. “Waa generally is used in greet 2, especially greeting those more senior in status or aay” greeting a non-acquaintance in a formal situation. A junior person should “v first, then a senior person responds with a “waay,” to acknowledge the junior’s ure fi r «19“waay.” However, the senior’s “waay”’ is not as deep as the junior’s “waay”. ‘The “waay” is also used in thanking those senior in status, or accompany- ing an apology. (see also the “Wai” video clip in the CD.) 2 eiPoliteriesin Thai sodaliinteraction Thailand is a hierarchical society. The two main factors that define one’s place in the hierarchy is age and social status (which is determined by such factors as family background, occupation or professional rank. {wal /phiu yay/ (seniors) is a term for those higher in the hierarchy, either in age or status; those lower in the hierarchy are (ww /phuu ndoy/ (juniors). This hierarchical social system also governs social interactions. In general, Aivau /phuu nooy/ show deference towards {lvq) /phiu yay/ as reflected in language use (such as choice of pronouns and particles) and gestures (such as the 1w3 /waay/). To show politeness and courtesy through language use and gestures therefore is to behave and interact appropriately to one’s relative status and social relation- ship. What is more, the choice of language use in Thai can reflect rank, age differences, social distance or the intimacy of a relationship. 3. Gratitude and smiling Thais do not express thanks by using a verbal YaUqSH /khoop-khun/ “thank you” to the same extent as in English speaking culture. The “smile” is used instead to thank someone for small expected services such as those of waiters and maids. The verbal ¥aUuAM /khop-khun/ is reserved for showing true gratitude. However, this is changing, especially in the cities, due to English influence. Educated Thais now increasingly use the verbal thanks in the same way as in the Western world, Ae the first song introduced in this lesson, #3@@ /sa-wat-dii/, is a well known children’s song. The second song, #784 \3e0nu /sa-wat-dii maan- thay/, is an edited version (by the author) from a TV commercial for AIS, a telephone service provider in Thailand, which was broadcast in October of 2006. 101 @0 nrwrunstmuornltnudmiugiiudon© Self Introduction ..unevi1 a9 /né-nam tua/ F F “ I | au fa qity wana Inssw | Goudu Fo au iu dnfinwy ff enw | Aunvinendy warner lu nqinws | a ‘i | phom chu su-ra-chay naam-sa-kun rak-tham. | chau-lén chay. phom pen nak-suk-saa pii thi saam | thii ma-haa-wit-tha-yaa-lay phra-na-khoon nay krun-theep. i My name is Surachai, family name Raktham. My nickname is Chai. | | Lam a third year student at Phra Nakhorn University in Bangkok. | 5s o ah TO ger waUENs Anat [etree Wi eae ite a Foun dn ilu dinginsn Tf wos a eae: Auwvinuiay wizues tu nzainws thii ma-haa-wit-tha-yaa-lay phra-na-khoon nay krun-theep. ‘+ My name is Suda, family name Sakulchai. ‘My nickname is Tuk. Iam a second year student at Phra Nakhorn | | | | | | ee 8 | chan chuu su-daa naam-sa-kun sa-kun-chay. ! | | | | | ‘ { University in Bangkok | | I | | | l chuu-len tuk. pen nak-suk-saa pii thii soon I | | | | | i J Thai Language and Culture for Beginners o> oo VALmui Za uau unuana aa Stop otnBnegn SHH eras 4 simmfaven « fal ilu sinfinsn 24 eu fi aminendy annie 14 arim Zs tnt yt ener oud ilu aindinwa usnulaou # uwvinendy wseuns Lu nganns phom chuu deen naam-sa-kun khim. phom pen nak-suk-saa pii thii saam thii ma-haa-wit-tha-yaa-lay haa-waay nay ?a-mee-ri-kaa. toon-nii pen nak-suk-saa leek-plian thii ma-haa-wit-tha-yaa-lay phra-na-khoon nay krun-theep. + My name is Dan, family name Kim, Tam a third year student at the University of Hawaii in America Now [am an exchange student at Phra Nakhorn University in Bangkok. edd ne a Ta wa wana vovindy au lu tinfinen Dew 1 awvineiay Janandu iy awiond PALL aie aout sw infin wansldon 4 arminendy wacwas Ia nqaemns chan chéu “Amy” naam-sa-kun “Johnson”. chan pen nak-suk-saa pii thii saam thii ma-haa-wit-tha-yaa-lay wis-khon-sin nay 2a-mee-ti-kaa toon-nii pen nak-suk-saa léek-plian thii ma-haa-wit-tha-yaa-lay phra-na-khoon nay krun-theep. + My name is Amy, family name Johnson. I am a third year student at the University of Wisconsin in America. Now I am an exchange student at Phra Nakhorn University in Bangkok. rae? r nude fie wiuana Gesilyyn 5 Cae Liang niu avd fawvinnauwisnes jphom chéw kit-ti naam-sa-kun ruap-pan-yaa. phom pen ?a-caan thii ma-haa-wit-tha-yaa-lay phra-na-khoon. | | + My name is Kitti, family name Ruangpanya. I am a professor at Phra Nakhorn University. 12 | o@ nawudeuaa Tua wouane Taw a aes eleprstnersetiessan Gan lu area A anvnenay wieuns di-chan chau wan-dii_naam-sa-kun wat-tha-naa di-chan pen ?a-caan thii ma-haa-wit-tha-yaa-lay phra-na-khoon. + My name is Wandee, family name Wattana. . Lam a professor at Phra Nakhorn University oi aap a Vocabulary AWN /S 4 wuss né-nam y. to introduce oo) tua n. self, body « ou chan (citation form) pron, I (neutral first person chan (spoken form) pronoun for male or female) 4 ony phom pron, I (polite first person pronoun for male) « fan di-chan (citation form) pron. I (polite first person di-chan (spoken form) pronoun for female) «qm khun pron. you (polite second person for male or female) « fo chia n, name, v. to be named < winana naam-sa-kun n. family name, v. to be surnamed « Goudy chiw-lén 1. nickname, v. to be nicknamed 4 finn suk-saa y. to study 4 dinfinen nak-suk-saa n. student (used for university or college student) at vii niyear 4 wwqinenat) — ma-haa-wit-tha-yaa-lay . n. university 4 waruet phra-na-khoon name. Name of a district in Bangkok, it also means “royal city’ Thai Language and Culture for Beginners 42> om | 13aw nay prep. in < nyamw4 krun-theep name. Bangkok « awim a-mee-ri-kaa name. America « souk toon-nii adv. now, at present < wanwauw léek-plian v. to exchange Dialogs ..snaunwy /bot son-tha-naa/ Dialog 1.2.1 Ata reception for foreign exchange students at Phra Nakhorn University, Chai (A) greets Dan (B) who then introduces him to Amy (C). aiaa atu sa-wat-dii khrap. aw fa $0 phom chau chay. ilu sinfinwn fl aw fifl pen nak-siik-saa pii stam volny qm fa arts adv! thi ni. kh3-thoot khun chau ?a-ray khrap. sia niu sa-wat-dii khrap. 4 Le AD TA LAD phom chut deen. fai an aan era phom maa-caak haa-waay ear iu dinginan phom pen nak-suk-saa uanaen A amy léek-plian thii nii khrap. qaiy niu fqn tei khun chay khrap. ni khun sates 4 i toil ilu tinfinwn wan © ?ee-mii. ?ee-mii pen eae ees ulauu wilaunu atu nal -saa leek-plian Ug 117 4997n Janeudu muan-kan khrap. tee khaw iu toil A qaviy atu — maa-caak wis-khon-sin khrap. ?ee-mii nii khun _ chay khrap. aiaa az sa-wat-dii kha. wiaa aay sa-wat-dii khrap. khrap. 141 ea nryquazinuesssilnedniugituten Hello. My name is Chai. Tam a third year student here. Excuse me, what is your name? Hello. My name is Dan. Tam from Hawaii. Tam an exchange student here. Chai, this is Amy. She is an exchange student here also. But she is from Wisconsin. Amy, this is Chai. Hello, Hello, Pleased to meet you.Dialog 1.2.2 Chai (A) introduces Suda (B) to Amy (C). tal # amedu Yee-mii ni su-daa khrap. wind Az sa-wat-dii kha wind de valny sa-wat-dii kha, khd-thdot. qm fo als ur ar khun chau ?a-ray na kha Sa qm ar chau su-daa kha. Sarin dn chi len tik. Gun gn fla ax riak tuk k3-daay kha. GH dz wind cis Gn kha. sa-wat-dii kha tuk. Dialog 1.2.3 Chai (A) calls a girl (B) to give her the book that she dropped. BY quaiuan khun khrap. khun. wistoniy nan-swu khrap. daiu nii khrap wougas riz khoop-khun kha. *bithwls avu -pen-ray khrap. BP atcerns .aseaes /khroon an/ qn fa azls az You + to be named + what khun chow ?a-ray kha +f. polite prt. qm Ho azls atu You + to be named khun cha ?a-ray khrap + what + m. polite prt alny qn Zo ozs az Excuse me + you + to be kh5-thoot khun chi 2a-ray kha _ named + what + f. polite prt. tan vinsm az'ls shhe + to work + what khaw tham-naan ?a-ray tn ilu aes she + to be + professor haw pen ?a-caan tn Lily tinfinsn she + to be + student Khaw pen nak-suk-saa That Lary 1age and Culture for Beginners Amy, this is Suda. Hello. Hello, Excuse me, what is your name again? My name is Suda, nicknamed Tuk. You can call me Tuk. OK. Hello, Tuk. Miss, Miss Your book! Here itis. Thank you. Don’t mention it. What is your name? What is your name? Excuse me. What is your name (polite) What does s/he do? Sthe is a professor. Shhe is a student oe | 15wn aetna khaw tham-naan thii-nay wn yaw A amnvinenay wiewas khaw tham-naan thii ma-haa-wit-tha-yaa-lay phra-na-khoon mana ann khaw maa-caak thii-nay 47 ad7N NZsINWs s/he + to come from + where s/he + to work + where shhe + to work + at + university + Phra Nakorn s/he + to come from + khaw maa-caak kruy- theep Bangkok Yar ilu ovanad khray pen ?a-caan qm fina ilu anaasd i pen 2a-caan las Gow fl ngamns “Kbray rian thi krun-théep dua a le Hn yin-dee thii daay ruu-cak Who + to be + professor Khun +Kitti + to be + professor Who + to study + at + Bangkok “To be glad + that + get + to be acquainted with Where does s/he work? S/he work: Phra Nakorn Univer Ss at ‘Where is s/he from? Sshe is from Bangkok. "Who is a professor? Mr. Kitti is a professor. Who studies i in Bangkok? Pleased to meet you. ?, a 122 Numbers ...av /léek, 0 1 i 3 4 5 ° ® ay oa « é zi a 4 " que wn wad may a Ww stun nun $99 saam sii haa (91 istening Practice ..flnvia Ws /fek-hat fan/ » awvineray srw # wanulaun tndinwn A wuvinuae a ANNs 2-3 uvis ide anavinerag sssuenaad ynasnsnt amineiay waz awvinuiag afiaa 161 od nw niunsrlned mIUgan<)} ma-haa-wit-tha-yaa-lay haa-waay mii léek-plian nak-suk- ‘saa kap ma-haa-wit-tha-yaa-lay thii kruy-theep son saam hen chén ma-haa-wit-tha-yaa-lay tham-ma-saat cu-laa-lon- -koon ma-haa-wit-tha-yaa-lay l¢? ma-haa-wit-tha-yaa-lay ma-hi-don <} = The University of Hawaii has student exchange (programs) with 2-3 universities in Thailand, for example, Thammasat University, Chulalongkorn University and Mahidol University. ad dia. this + fh n. here 4 ~ y. to. come ged | 17_\Proverb ma /su-phaa-sit/ + Catch + fish +two+hand - To catch fish with both hands. | | cap plaa sso meu : | * “You cannot have your cake and eat ou. Vocabulary ...civi /sap/ au cap y. to catch uaa plaa n, fish fia mee n. hand i Addressing a Thai person + Thais use first names. + ak /khun/ + first name is a polite form of addressing a person. + If the name of the person is not known, @04 /khut/ can also be used to politely call the attention of that person, site ie, 4 Thais primarily use their given first name (Ga /ch@w/) as a form of address. The family name (149) #78 /naam-sa-kun/) is used only in certain occasions, and only when it accompanies the first (given) name, such as in an official than one persons with the same first name. For a normal social introduction, only the first name is introduced. In fact, the “family name” is a relative new concept in Thai society. It was introduced during a period of Westernization with King Rama VI's Family Name Act of 1913 (B.E. 2456). Therefore, a polite and formal way to address a’Thai person is to use the social title Achun/ Qa (which is equivalent in English to Mr. or Miss or ! ! introduction, or for identification purposes when there is a need to refer to more Madam) followed by the first name, for example, 04 qm /khun su-daa/ 18 | ec nr unetnmasrulnad miupituton“Miss Suda,” 91% St /khun chay/ “Mr, Chai.” If the name is not known a d I one would like get someone's attention, one can use Q04/khurY alone, as is used | in Dialog 1.2.3. I a a Most Thais also have a nickname (#a 144 /chiu-len/) which is used in interaction among familiars. In this chapter, wh | ! } i i | Suda was introduced to Amy, she immediately initiated friendliness and familiarity by giving her nickname and encouraging Amy to call her by her nickname. | ! Ee introductions In general, making introductions is not a Thai social convention. However. Wester style introductions are now adopted in formal settings. The proper etiquette in making a formal introduction is to provide information about the se (in age on status/rank) to the junior first, For example, “Amy, this is Acaan Kitti.” The junior will then Iw7 the senior, and the senior will acknow! edges this by giving a w7 in return. 3. Thai universities ‘The three Thai universities mentioned in this text, i.e. Chulalongkorn, Thammasat and Mahidol are the top three universities in Thailand. All are public universities. Phra Nakhon University, however, is a fictional university. EN Teste cael cot) 1 1. natn nndo-thdot/as an expression has two usages or a. as a “courtesy expression” equivalent to the English “Excuse me, “pardon me,” used before an act that might inconvenience the addresse (such as before pushing your way through a crowd, reaching for something over some- oni etc,), before a request, or before a question of a personal nature that might be considered intrusive such as asking about one’s age, marital status ete b. as an expression of apology, equivalent to the English “I'm sorry.” Ds Mood particle: 42 /na/ ational Thai, In conver a particle at the end of a clause or a phrase typically indicates the speaker’s mood, emotion and attitude during the course of the conversation, It also serves as a politeness element in conversation to make the Beginners €ey> oe 119 Thai Language and Culturesentence less abrupt. The equivalent in English is the use of intonation, stress, or tag questions at the end of a statement such as “OK?,” “will you?,” “don't you think?” ‘uz /na/ at the end of a statement typically invites agreement or approval or opinion from the hearer. ‘uz /na/ at the end of a question is used to request the repetition of a piece of information. For example, in Dialog 2.2 Amy uses Uz to ask Suda to repeat her name. | An expression one commonly hears used to ask for repetition is az'ls w= /a-ray na/, equivalent to the English “What is it/that again?” 3. ite 1k3-daay/, “I's possible,” is an expression which when used at the "end of a statement indicates permission or suggestion, and is equivalent to the English, “You may do that.” For example, in Dialog 2.2 Suda indicates to Amy that she may call her by her nick name. Gun gn Ale call + Tuk + it’s possible | You may call me Tuk. rlak tuk k3-daay | ibs Basic sentence pattern 1. Subject + Copula Verb + Noun wn | iu unGan ' s/he + to be + student She is a student. Khaw | pen nak-rian_| | 1 |40 vi © | He+tobenamed —_| His name is Surachai. khaw| chau su-ra-chay ! + Surachai i eT wn | wena Inoyw | He + to be sumamed | His family name is khaw) naam- —rak-tham | + Raktham | Raktham, sa-kun | | wn | dou | ip ie + t0 be nicknamed! His nickname is Chai ane I Khaw | chau-len chay [coat I 20 ben wrunzFnsnszulnud mieCopula verbs are verbs that assert that 1) the subject is the same entity as the noun that follows, or 2) the subject is a member of the class of items referred to by the noun, In Thai \¥4 /pen/ is used in the second sense. 2. Wh-questions in Thai Wh-questions are questions such as “who, what, where, when, how, why” (which in English mostly start with wh-) that ask for content information, In English, these question words have a fixed position-they are placed at the beginning of the sentence. However, in Thai these question words occur in the position according to their grammatical function (such as subject, object), i.e. in the same position that the word in reply to the question will appear In this chapter and the previous chapter, you have seen 4 Thai Wh-ques- tions. az'ls /2a-ray/ “What,” lea /khray/ “Who,” filmu /thii-nay/ “Where,” and tiy'ls /yan-nay/ “how.” Observe the position of these question words used in a basic Thai structure. 2. Subject + Verb (+ Object) (+ Adverb) ou arls Tada stidy Nill What does Suda study? rian faray | + what ! fllmu | Dan+come | Where does Dan come maa-caak | thii-nay | from+ where | from? aun \ | ?a-mee | Who+come | Who comes from -rickaa | from+ America | America? dala | Séhe + tobe V Hrowr is ne? | yan-nay | +how I In the above sentences, the personal names Dan and Suda, and the question word las /khray/ “who” each function as the subject of a sentence. The question word a:'ls /?a-ray/ “what” functions as the object of a sentence. law /thii- nay/ “where” and America function as an adverb of place in their respective sentences. 89'l9 /yan-nay/ “how” functions as an adverb of manner in its sentence. iat Language and Culture for Beginners $68 two | 213. Word formation Compounding is a typical word formation process in Thai. In this chapter, ‘we see some examples of compound words for occupations consisting of: vin Inak/ + Verb. “a person skillful in...” Gow rian a person skillful in... to Tear J ‘Apupil anu suk-saa t TERR ae a | a person skillful i... + to study | student (usually in | university/college) 4. Ordinal numbers Ordinal numbers in Thai are formed by adding #1 /thii/ in front of the number. wits | thi-+ one | fst nu ay i a1 | thii+two | second sop | In referring to the ordinal number of an entity, a classifier-a unit word for that entity-precedes the ordinal number. 909 | Year + thii + two | the 2“ year 301) 221 we my uectianessilnudrniugiiuden: Apaidass algptiaf eget Coa ax0a319 /khroon saan/ _— phiut 2iik thii Repeat. (Lit. Say another time) phaut ?iik thii day-may | Could you repeat that? (Lit Say another time, could you?) phiut cha-chaa ndy Speak slowly please. ayn th wien Véluy | phiut cha-chaa noy Could you speak slowly please? _ day-may phuut dan-day noy Speak loudly please. phuut dan-dan noy Could you speak loudly please? yo 499 milan Telaw | day-may ‘ai vials / phom may khaw-cay I don’t understand. @ ‘i hla chan may khaw-cay Tdon’t understand. arly mii 2a. ] | | —_emwiing | ___pha-saa-thay ‘What do you call _ in Thai? “Gun arls | mining i ___pha-sia-thay phiut yan-pay riak-waa Ya-ray How do you say ___in Thai? __chay-may right? chay Yes, that’s right. may chay No, that’s not right. ‘That Language and Culvure for Beginners ee wm | 23 : d Sj = <3 eS A ' we~~ Dialogs ..unawnya /bot son-tha-naa/ Dialog 1.3.1 Asking someone to repeat tail wa nowring iris 2 ai Gun mining fla az B wvalnydz du ‘hithle wa dni lala az A tof Guu mowing on filmu az 2ee-mii phuut pha-saa-thay ken. rian pha-saa-thay thii-nay kha. khd-thoot kha chan may khaw-cay. phaut ?iik-thii day-may kha ee-mii rian pha-saa-thay thii-nay kha. Dialog 1.3.2 Asking someone to speak slowly A speaks fast. uau Geu man'ing finn atu velny atu ya 19 wiow alma ai Guu muting flan atu deen rian pha- thii-nay khrap. khd-thoot khrap. phuut cha-chaa nay day-may -thay khrap. rian pha-saa-thay thii-nay khrap. Dialog 1.3.3. Asking someone to speak loudly Suda (A) talks to Amy (B) on the phone with a lot of background noise. tof! ifina aera twa Bo valny viz an ta Wau ya diag Talnw az (speaks louder) toi ‘kina mane ‘twa 24 | tot nnuseimnusraln Yee-mii pay-thiaw ta-laat a khd-thoot kha, chan may day-yin. phuut dan-dap day-may kha. 2ee-mii pay-thiaw ta-laat may. Amy, you speak Thai well. Where did you learn Thai? Sorry. I don’t understand. Could you repeat that? Amy, where did you learn Thai? Dan, where did you study Thai? Excuse me. Could you speak slowly please? Where did you study Thai? Amy, do you want to go to the market Sorry. I can’t hear you. Could you speak loudly please’? Amy, do you want to go to the market?‘Dialog 1.3.4 Asking someone to identify an item Suda and Amy visit a market. Amy (A) asks Suda (B) to identify various types of sweets. B amiacts a: “ su-daa. nii 2a-ray kha. €2 * Suda, What is this? wus aan fiz wna AT Acha-nom khrok/ B) faz aztacolalua myn Gun ozla nii la kha. “taco” chay-may. pha-saa-thay riak-waa ?a-ray. wun tdos /kha-nom biian/ * What about this? It’s a taco, right? What is it called in Thai? ; kha-nom-khrok kha. * Khanom Khrok. . Tals Pie murine a Pay Gunawaitias de awurdas Weluw az Tsuda iz uray Dialog 1.3.5 may-chay kha. pha-saa-thay riak kha-nom-biiay kha. kha-nom-bean chay-may kha. chay-léew kha. kha-nom-btan mtan “taco” na kha. Dan (A) asks Chai (B) how to say things in Thai. o | auutilas inilow taco BY iu wu vet consult and int . Tu consult muting wa dah niu Jinan niu aw acl wins | aid Tt wa ye gn ‘law Alu gnuda as chay phom ca pay “consult” a-caan wan-nii, chay “consult” pha-saa-thay phuut yan-nay khrap. pruk-saa khrap. phom ca pay pruk-saa a-caan wan-nii, phom phuut thuuk may khrap. thuuk-leew khrap. No, that’s not right. It is called “Khanom Buang” in Thai. “Khanon Buang,” is that right? That’s right. Khanon Buang looks like a “taco”, doesn’t it? Chai, Iam going to consult a professor today. How do you say “consult” in Thai? Pruk-sa Tam going to consult a professor today, Did I say it right? Yes, that’s correct. Thai Language and Culture for Beginners Sep we 1 25Dialogs matunw /bot son-tha-naa/ Dialog 1.3.1 Asking someone to repeat tail wa nawa'iny tris Guu ming flan fz valny dz du taidala ya nf lana az AS tall Guu murtng “ filmw ne Yee-mii phiut pha-saa-thay ken. rian pha-saa-thay thii-nay kha. kh3-thoot kha chan may khaw-cay. phuut ?iik-thii day-may kha. 2ee-mii rian pha-saa-thay thii-nay kha. Dialog 1.3.2 Asking someone to speak slowly A speaks fast. way Gun mwilny a os finn aay salny atu qa 9 was lana at « os Guu muntne flaw amu thii-nay khrap. khd-thoot khrap. phuut cha-chaa nay day-may khrap. rian pha-saa-thay thii-nay khrap. Dialog 1.3.3. Asking someone to speak loudly Suda (A) talks to Amy (B) on the phone with a lot of background noise. toil Liisa aera Law B velny dz du Wd Wdu wa dig Lalna az (speaks louder) aaa tail hiifina aaa Iww 241 wat muse srailnud aug Yee-mii pay-thiaw ta-laat may. kho-thoot kha. chan may day-yin. phuut dan-dan day-may kha. 2ee-mii pay-thiaw ta-laat may. Amy, you speak Thai well Where did you learn Thai? Sorry. I don’t understand. Could you repeat that? Amy, where did you learn Thai? Dan, where did you study Thai? Excuse me. Could you speak slowly please? Where did you study Thai? Amy, do you want to go to the market. Sorry. I can’t hear you. Could you speak loudly please? Amy, do you want to go to the market?‘Dialog 1.3.4 Asking someone to identify an item Suda and Amy visit a market. Amy (A) asks Suda (B) to identify various types of sweets. Ae tea ban eas vuatiios ifaw taco — kha-nom-buian muan “taco” —_ Khanon Buang looks like We Ay na kha. a“taco”, doesn’t it? Dialog 1.3.5 qm 4 arls az su-daa. ni 2a-ray kha. * Suda, What is this? ua ain dz kha-nom-khrok kha. * Khanom Khrok e ‘uN AIN Mkha-nom khrok/ : . dar az taco litwa montng Gunn oz'ly nii la kha. “taco” chay-may. pha-saa-thay riak-waa ?a-ray. * What about this? It’s a taco, right? What is it called in Thai? may-chay kha. pha-saa-thay riak kha-nom-buan kha. Vuils e's mutiny “ es Gunvuatilos siz aaa en A leans wuatiios Is'lyu az” kha-nom-buan chay-may kha. duh az chay-leew kha, Dan (A) asks Chai (B) how to say things in Thai. fu aa az consult Saud envied Tutt Tu consult muntne ya dol atu UGnw au wa arlu vin ale, mend Tit Hal qa gn Ina alu © phom phaut thuuk may khrap.- gnuda vu chay phom ca pay “consult” Ya-caan wan-nii chay “consult” pha-saa-thay phuut yan-nay khrap. prak-saa khrap. phom ca pay prak-saa « ?a-caan wan-nii. thuuk-leew khrap. ‘Thai Language and Culeure for Beginners Sele oa | 25 wha tilas /kha-nom baan/ No, that’s not right. It is called “Khanom Buang” in Thai, “Khanon Buang,” is that right? That's right. Chai, 1am going to consult a professor today. How do you say “consult” in Thai? Pruk-sa Tam going to consult a professor today. Did I say it right? Yes, that’s correct.Tn the Classroom ...lw viosi3au /nay hdn-rian/ > Bunt aels /nii riak-waa ?a-ray/ ) * Hostun Tate hd win fon-rian/ how Mkaw-?ii/ ¢naacli-kaa/ naa unui a viedo auaa dkra-daan/ dphéen-thiis /nan-sau/ {din-sdo/ iam sway nazar aya Ipak-kaa/ Iyaan-lop/ Ikra-daat/ Jsa-mut/ ? taviiazls /khaw tham ?a-ray/ 26 1 ws nwqUNeIansrailnedims[Nambee wtaa sleek 6 ap 8 9 10 b a a @ 90 wn via ula uh fu hok cet peet kaaw sip SSR eee - \ tobeevil+ seven +time _* Badseven times, good jiccthon ~~ tobe good+seven+time ~ seven times. | pa aa re ie Hiiiemae ater tarda | Song twas /phleen/ yaanii /phuut Vik thii/ ya an A yn on ft phuut ?iik thii. phuut ?iik thii. Say it again. Say it again. wo an fi le waaulsia — phuut ?iik thii. day ré-plaaw. Say it again, would you? au ila Wo chan may-day fan Thave not heard, 7 etre: wa an #3 wi. thi yaak-ca fay maa tay naan What I want to hear for so long wa in fi wa on fi phuut ?ik thii. phuut 2iik thii. Say it again. Say it again wo an fi ta wie ls — phuut 2iik thii. day ré-plaaw. Say it again, could you? 4 wa phaut * y. to speak, say < an Dik ady. another af thii elf. for counting event « twa may (citation form) prt. yes/no question particle may (spoken form) «We daay, day v. can, could ‘Thai Language and Culture for Beginners Se wo | 27« Tala day-may Could you? Could it? maa-caak ?a-mee- She's from America also, indouny niu ri-kaa mian-kan khrap. but from the state of ud anain gianaudu tee maa-caak rat wis-kon-sin. Wisconsin. ‘Thai Language and Culture for Beginners ofp ove) | 37Dialog 1.4.2 Two Thai students talk about foreign exchange students in their class. al ses see gn hits l ‘ @n aninwn AT9 uw Wu - tuk. nak-sek-saa fa-ray khon ~ Tuk, which country is that anaan uszine law nan maa-caak pra-theet nay. ~ farang student from? disiea fa-ran-seet. France. uaa tin@inwn ate lew nak-suk-saa 2ee-chia And which country is that fu Wu ale waa khon nan la, maa-caak Asian student from? uszina tu pra-théet nay. wm snain awim khaw maa-caak ?a-mee-ri-kaa. He’s from America, but te ‘2 fs ate cee ed ue Gas uauiw — tee mii chua-saay wiat-naam. ‘ he is of Vietnamese descent. Dialog 1.4.3 A Thai student (A) asks about Dan's nationality. qu cflunu djiju Ieflwai . khun pen khon yii-pun chay- | You're Japanese, right? may. B ‘ailg au wauiiwau - may-chay khrap. phom pen — - No. Tam American. auinn khon ?a-mee-ri-kan. anean Fg Inu ay maa-caak rat nay kha. Which state are you from? mop iu haa-waay khrap. Hawaii. Dialog 1.4.4 A Thai (A) and an American student (B) discuss language ability. on aw wan deen. deen phuut pha-saa Dan, what languages can azls WW tha a-ray daay baan ca. you speak? [a yam dsnny —_- phom phuut pha-saa 2an-krit_» Ispeak English. I can speak mn ivawis I 4 pha-saa wiat-naam daay dii ~~ Vietnamese well and can waz ye mua lng ‘ley Le phuut pha-saa thay daay speak Thai a little bit. femven niu qn dendu. nit-noy khrap. tuk la khrap. | What about you, Tuk? din ya mown ine tuk phuut pha-saa thay I speak Thai, English and ‘nw dingy waz ya pha-saa 2an-krit le? phaut can speak Chinese and awn au fu ms pha-saa ciin kap pha-saa French a little bit. Hisiaar Id flanvian fa-ran-seet daay nit-ndy. 381 oc a wruastnunrnulnudiniin