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  • Scheme For Igneous Rock Identification

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    Tun Lin Aung
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    The rock cycle describes how rocks are formed and change over time through geological processes. Sedimentary rocks can be eroded and weathered into sediments that are later deposited and lithified into new sedimentary rocks. Metamorphic and igneous rocks undergo weathering and erosion and are recycled into the crust where they can be melted or undergo heat and pressure to form new metamorphic or igneous rocks. The particle size of sediments transported by water depends on the velocity of the water, with larger particles like boulders requiring faster moving water than smaller particles like clay.

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    Scheme for Igneous Rock Identification

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    The rock cycle describes how rocks are formed and change over time through geological processes. Sedimentary rocks can be eroded and weathered into sediments that are later deposited and lithified into new sedimentary rocks. Metamorphic and igneous rocks undergo weathering and erosion and are recycled into the crust where they can be melted or undergo heat and pressure to form new metamorphic or igneous rocks. The particle size of sediments transported by water depends on the velocity of the water, with larger particles like boulders requiring faster moving water than smaller particles like clay.

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    80 views1 page

    Scheme For Igneous Rock Identification

    Uploaded by

    Tun Lin Aung
    The rock cycle describes how rocks are formed and change over time through geological processes. Sedimentary rocks can be eroded and weathered into sediments that are later deposited and lithified into new sedimentary rocks. Metamorphic and igneous rocks undergo weathering and erosion and are recycled into the crust where they can be melted or undergo heat and pressure to form new metamorphic or igneous rocks. The particle size of sediments transported by water depends on the velocity of the water, with larger particles like boulders requiring faster moving water than smaller particles like clay.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 1

    Rock Cycle in Earth’s Crust Relationship of Transported

    r Depo
    Particle Size to Water Velocity
    nd/o s
    and B ition
    na 100.0
    ctio ation uria Boulders
    pa ent l
    om em 25.6
    C C Cobbles
    SEDIMENTS 10.0
    6.4

    PARTICLE DIAMETER (cm)


    SEDIMENTARY

    n
    E r o s i on
    ROCK 1.0 Pebbles

    Weathering & Erosio


    We (U
    athe plift)
    H

    ring 0.2
    e

    & Ero
    a

    M e lt i n g

    sio n 0.1
    t a
    M e ta m or p h

    r Pressure
    nd/or Pre m

    ( U p l if t )
    t and/o Sand
    Hea tamorphism
    M e
    0.01
    n 0.006
    lift) rosio
    ss ur

    (U p
    is

    &E
    IGNEOUS
    Silt
    in g
    e

    e r ROCK 0.001
    th
    Wea lting 0.0004
    METAMORPHIC Me
    Clay

    n
    ROCK
    io
    0.0001
    at ic
    li di f

    100

    1000
    10
    Me

    0.01

    0.05
    0.1

    0.5

    500
    So

    50
    l ti n MAGMA
    g
    STREAM VELOCITY (cm/s)
    This generalized graph shows the water velocity
    needed to maintain, but not start, movement. Variations
    occur due to differences in particle density and shape.

    Scheme for Igneous Rock Identification CRYSTAL


    SIZE
    TEXTURE

    crystalline
    Obsidian Non-
    Basaltic glass vesicular

    non-
    ENVIRONMENT OF FORMATION

    (usually appears black) Glassy


    EXTRUSIVE
    (Volcanic)

    Pumice Scoria Vesicular


    (gas
    IGNEOUS ROCKS

    Vesicular rhyolite Vesicular Vesicular basalt pockets)


    andesite less than
    1 mm Fine
    Andesite Basalt
    Rhyolite
    Diabase
    larger 10 mm
    Dunite
    10 mm 1 mm

    Peri- Non-
    INTRUSIVE

    Granite Diorite Coarse


    to
    (Plutonic)

    Gabbro dotite vesicular

    Very
    Pegmatite
    or

    coarse
    CHARACTERISTICS

    LIGHTER COLOR DARKER

    LOWER DENSITY HIGHER


    FELSIC COMPOSITION MAFIC
    (rich in Si, Al) (rich in Fe, Mg)
    100% 100%
    Potassium
    feldspar
    (pink to white)
    75% 75%
    MINERAL COMPOSITION

    Quartz
    (relative by volume)

    (clear to
    white) Plagioclase feldspar
    (white to gray)
    50% 50%
    Pyroxene
    (green)
    Biotite
    (black)
    25% Olivine 25%
    (green)
    Amphibole
    (black)

    0% 0%

    Physical Setting/Earth Science Reference Tables — 2011 Edition 6

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