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Grade 10 Term 3 Powerpoint
Grade 10 Term 3 Powerpoint
Grade 10 Term 3 Powerpoint
GEOGRAPHY
GRADE 10
CONCEPTS:
■ POPULATION GEOGRAPHY: The study of the size, distribution,
composition, migration and growth of a population.
2. EMPOWERING WOMEN:
■ Some women in rural areas are not given the freedom of choice over
their own bodies. They are not allowed to have an education or use
contraceptives.
3. GOVERNMENT POLICIES:
■ Some government policies that have been tried:
– Financial rewards for only having one child;
– Increased taxes if there is more than one child;
– Strict legalisation for abortions;
– Providing free contraceptives and family planning advice;
– Free schooling for one child only;
– Encourage late marriages;
– Compulsory education up to Grade 9 for everyone
POPULATION MOVEMENTS:
WHAT IS MIGRATION?
Movement of people from one place to the other.
TYPES OF MIGRATION:
INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION: Movement of people over the country’s
boarder. Example South Africa to China.
EMIGRATION: When people exit the country of origin. Example South
Africa to Australia
IMMIGRATION: When people enter a new country to live in. Example
Zimbabwe to South Africa
RURAL-URBAN MIGRATION: When people move from rural areas to urban
areas.
URBANISATION: When more people live in urban areas than in rural areas.
URBAN-RURAL MIGRATION: Movement of people from urban areas to rural
areas.
RURAL-URBAN MIGRATION:
PUSH FACTORS PULL FACTORS EFFECT SOLUTION
• Droughts • Services like Rural: • Create job
• Soil erosion schools • Crops deteriorate opportunities
• Lack of infrastructure • Medical facilities • Ageing population remain • Provide basic services
and services • Job opportunities in settlement • Build schools and
• Lack of job • More women than men houses
opportunities (declining death rate) • Decentralise industries
• Famine Urban: to this area
• Overcrowding
• Lack of jobs or basic
services
• Development of informal
settlements
URBAN-RURAL MIGRATION:
PUSH FACTORS PULL FACTORS EFFECT SOLUTION
• High property • Cheaper land • Less pressure on • Decrease the
prices • Less pollution urban areas; crime rate
• Travel expenses • Less crime • Rural areas are • Encourage public
• Crime • Less traffic uplifted due to transport to
• Air and noise • More relaxed higher buying reduce traffic
pollution lifestyle power and more congestion and
• Traffic • Opportunities money is invested pollution;
congestions to start own in small • Build more parks
• Expensive business businesses; and green areas
standard of living • Create
• Lack of jobs in opportunities to
the city develop
infrastructure
• Increase in tourism
HIV AND AIDS
HOW IS AIDS TRANSMITTED?
■ Unprotected sex;
■ Contact with HIV person’s blood;
■ Poorly controlled blood transfusions;
■ Sharing of needles with an infected person;
■ Transmission from mother to baby during pregnancy
SOCIAL IMPACTS OF HIV AND AIDS:
■ Pressure on clinics and hospitals to treat HIV patients;
■ Not enough medical personnel to assist all the HIV patients;
■ Increase expenses to stock up with medication to treat patients;
■ Pressure on medical aid to pay for treatments;
■ Increase in secondary infections like TB
■ Patients and their families are exposed to emotional trauma and
suffering;
■ Increase in the amount of orphans due to parents that die because
of HIV and AIDS;
■ Depression and anxiety will increase among patients, families
and the community;
■ Family structures are influenced as now the eldest child must
look after the younger ones and provide for them;
■ Orphans will most likely not be able to attend school as there is
no money for transport;
■ Teachers who are infected with HIV/Aids stay away from school
for a long time and it can affect the learners;
■ Grandparents must carry the burden to look after these children.
ECONOMICAL IMPACTS OF HIV AND AIDS:
■ Decrease in the BBP of the country;
■ Productivity and work performance will decrease as people are too sick to
work/concentrate;
■ Decrease in exports – lower foreign capital will be earned
■ Company profits will decreased;
■ Companies/Industries have more expenses as they have to pay the person who
is sick and temporary employ another to do the job;
■ Person who generate an income in a family may die and the rest will be poor
with no income;
■ Pressure on SASSA to provide grants;
■ Increase cost for life insurance;
■ Retirement funds will decrease;
■ Poverty will increase;
■ Unemployment will increase;
■ Skills are lost due to illness and higher wages must be paid to rent
the service of foreigners to do a specific job;
■ Medical expenses will drain the economy of South Africa.