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Geometria y Trigonometria Capitulo 17
Geometria y Trigonometria Capitulo 17
17
Geometría y Trigonometría • Forma trigonométrica de los números complejos
Capítulo 17
Forma trigonométrica de los números complejos
EJERCICIO 55
1. z = 4 − i 1 2
6. z = + i
2 3
r = a 2 + b 2 = (4)2 + (−1)2 = 16 + 1 = 17
1 2 2 2 1 4 25 5
b 1 1 r = + = + = =
θ = arc tan = arc tan − = 2π − arc tan + = 345°57′49′′ 2 3 4 9 36 6
a 4 4
2
entonces 4
θ = arc tan 3 = arc tan = 53°7′48′′
1 3
2
z = 17 cis 345°57′49′′
entonces
2. z = 3 − i
5
2 z = cis 53°7′48′′
r= ( 3) + (1)2 = 3 + 1 = 4 = 2 6
b 1
θ = arc tan = arc tan = 30° 1 1
a 3 7. z = − i
2 2
entonces
1 2 1 2 1 1
r = + − = + = 1 =1
z = 2 cis 30° 2 2 2 2
1
− 2
3. z = −2 + 2i θ = arc tan = arc tan (−1) = 315°
1
2
r = (−2)2 + (2)2 = 4 + 4 = 4 (2) = 2 2
2 entonces
θ = arc tan = arc tan (−1) = 135°
−2
z = 1 cis 315° = cis 315°
entonces
z = 2 2 cis 135° 3 1
8. z = − + i
2 2
2
4. z = 5 3 1 2 3 1 4
r = − + = + = =1
2 2 4 4 4
r = (5)2 + (0)2 = 25 = 5
0 1
θ = arc tan = 0°
5 1
θ = arc tan 2 = arc tan − = 150°
− 3
3
entonces 2
z = 5 cis 0° entonces
r = (0)2 + (−3)2 = 9 = 3 π
9. z1 × z2 = ( 2 cis 45°) 13 cis
−3 6
θ = arc tan = 270°
0 = ( 2 cis 45°)( 13 cis 30°)
entonces = 2 ⋅ 13 cis (45° + 30°)
229
2
229
29
17 Capítulo
Matemáticas simplificadas
π 3π π
10. z2 × z4 = 13 cis 2 cis 12. z1 × z2 × z3 = ( 2 cis 45°) 13 cis (2 cis 60°)
6 4 6
π 3π = ( 2 cis 45°)( 13 cis 30°)(2 cis 60°)
= 13 × 2 − cis +
6 4
2π + 9π 11π = 2 × 13 cis (45° + 30°) [ 2 cis 60° ]
= 26 cis = 26 cis = 26 cis 165°
12 12
= 26 cis 75° [ 2 cis 60° ]
π
z2 13 cis
15. = 6 = 13 cis (30° − 135°) = 26 cis (−105°) = 26 cis 255°
z4 3π 2 2 2
2 cis
4
z1 2 cis 45° 2 2 2
16. = = cis (45° − 60 ) = cis (−15°) = cis 345°
z3 2 cis 60° 2 2 2
π
z ×z ( 2 cis 45°) 13 cis
6 = 2 × 13 cis (45° + 30°)
17. 1 2 =
z3 2 cis 60° 2 cis 60°
26 cis 75° 26 26
= = cis (75° − 60°) = cis 15°
2 cis 60° 2 2
π
13 cis
z2 6 13 cis 30 13 cis 30°
18. = = =
z1 × z4
(
3π
2 cis 45°) 2 cis ( 2 cis 45°)( 2 cis 135°) 2 cis (45° + 135°)
4
13 cis 30° 13 13 13
= = cis (30° − 180°) = cis (−150°) = cis 210°
2 cis 180 2 2 2
π
z 2 × z3 13 cis 6 (2 cis 60°) 2 13 cis (30° + 60°) 2 13 cis (90°)
19. = = =
3π
( 2 cis 45°) 2 cis 4 2 cis(45 + 135°) 2 cis (180°)
z1 × z4
2 13
= cis (90° − 180°) = 13 cis (−90°) = 13 cis 270°
2
z1 × z2 × z3
20.
z4
230
Capítulo 17
Geometría y Trigonometría • Forma trigonométrica de los números complejos
se realiza el numerador
π
z1 × z2 × z3 = ( 2 cis 45°) 13 cis (2 cis 60°) = ( 2 cis 45°)( 13 cis 30°)(2 cis 60°)
6
= 2 26 cis (45° + 30 + 60°)
= 2 26 cis (135°)
luego
z1 × z2 × z3 2 26 cis 135° 2 26
= = cis (135° − 135°) = 4 13 cis 0°
z4 3π 2
2 cis
4
entonces
231
17 Capítulo
Matemáticas simplificadas
2
27. Si z = 4 cis
π 3 2π
y z1 = cis 29. [ 2(cis 32°)] × 7 cis 36°
9 2 9 = 22 cis 2(32°)× 7 cis 36°
= 4 cis 64° × 7 cis 36° = (4)(7) cis (64° + 36°) = 28 cis 100°
2
2 π 3 2π 2 3 π 2π
( z × z1) = 4 cis × cis = 4 cis +
9 2 9 2 9 9 2
π 2 π π 3 π 2 2π 3 π
= 6 cis 30. 8cos + i sen = 3 8cis = 3 82 cis = 64 cis
12
3 12 12 12 6
π
= 62 cis 2 las tres raíces se definen como:
3
2π
= 36 cis = 36 cis 120° π
3 + 2π (0)
w = 3 64 cis 6 = 4 cis π = 4 cis 10°
3 18
28. Si z = 2(cos 30° + i sen 30°) y z1 = 4 (cos 60° + i sen 60°)
π
6 + 2π (1)
entonces
w1 = 64 cis
3 = 4 cis 13π = 4 cis 130°
3 18
3 z × z1 = 3 2 cis 30° × 4 cis 60° = 3 (2)(4)cis (30° + 60°) = 3 8 cis 90°
π
6 + 2π (2)
w2 = 64 cis
3 = 4 cis 25π = 4 cis 250°
3 18
232