Abacus Math FreeBook

M E N TA L M AT H P O W E R M A D E E A S Y ! A N Y C H I L D C A N !
LEVEL 1
ABACUS MATH
FOSTERING LITTLE MINDS TO THE ULTIMATE BRAIN POWER!
LET'S LEARN ABACUS MATH WITH:
MANIC MONKEY
COOL CAT
MIGHTY MOUSE
WWW.ABACUS BRAIN GYM.COM

Copyright, 2016, By Abacus Brain Gym, LLC
All rights reserved.
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Published January 2016
www.AbacusBrainGym.com
2016ⓒ Abacus Brain Gym, LLC
Abacus Brain Gym, LLC 2

WELCOME! We are enthusiastic to see you succeed in your learning journey.
We are extremely excited to have you in our unique abacus mental math training. This is the place where
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This Abacus Math book focuses on one aspect. Math is the key to opportunity and brain power is everything
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Contents
1. What are numbers?....................................................................................2
2. Introduction of Abacus.............................................................................9
3. Bead Recognition........................................................................................11
4. Finger Movement.......................................................................................17
5. Simple..........................................................................................................28
6. Friends + (Complement of +5)................................................................42
7. Friends - (Complement of -5)................................................................53
8. Applying Mental Power or Visualization .............................................68
9. Relatives + (Complement of +10)...........................................................83
10. Relatives - (Complement of -10).........................................................101

“Today is the day when we tell ourselves that we are not afraid of numbers
anymore! What’s so cool about our journey with learning numbers is we have
the ABACUS to help us! Every one is going to be the master of numbers after
this fun journey”, Prof. Abacus proudly declared!
z T i m e
Qui
n count
Ms. Abacus:
Those who ca ive!

If there are 7 donkeys drinking water by
the pond and 9 monkeys jumping off from
will surv
the tree for the free drink party, how
many animals are there by the pond?
Manic Monkey:
No Clue! Let me finish my banana....
K! Cool Cat:
P R I Z E O F T H E WnEe rEs o n l y !
For the cour
ageous lear My lucky guess will be 12.
Mighty Mouse:
LEARNING TIPS! I will go get some help.
You will be able to finish any tasks if you keep these rules in mind: Prof. Abacus:
• Set a GOAL (help you focus on your target)

Hakuna Matata!
• Understand the RULE (help you get your work done right) No worry, for the rest of your life!
• REWARD your self (make it fun) We are going to master our numbers
right now!

What are NUMBERS?
A NUMBER is a mathematical object used in counting and measuring.
If you count your ears, you will come to 2 and if you count your toes,
you will end with 10. We have different sets of numbers and let’s start
with the natural numbers, which are 1, 2, 3, 4, ....and so on. These
natural numbers go on forever, past a hundred, a thousand, a million, a
billion, a trillion and so on.
How do we represent NUMBERS in writing?

These are the symbols for NUMBERS in writing.
Hmh, I am wondering what

would be the largest number?
Ms. Abacus: There is no largest number! Because you can pick any big number you can think of and you can make
it a bigger one just by adding 1 to it. People used to think that the biggest number is INFINITY and
the symbol is ∞, however, INFINITy is just a concept that refers to a quantity that has no end, it
goes on and on...

N ow , le t ’ s get to k no w s o me ba s ic nu m ber s and pr a ctice w r iti ng them!
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

We had so much f un an d le t ’ s w r i t e mor e n umb e r s!
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

What ab out w r i t e mor e n umb e r s!
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
I hope Ms. Abacus will give me some nice

treats for writing all these numbers!

N ow w e a r e wr it in g bi g n u m ber s!
30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 1,000 10,000
30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 1,000 10,000
30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 1,000 10,000
Wow, my hands and my fingers are working so hard!

I never knew I can write this much!

We studied not only these
numbers, but we have to know
how to perform operations on Huh?? There are more
them! There are Addition, coming after we know all
Subtraction, Multiplication these numbers? Hmh....I
and Division. guess we have to learn how
to use these numbers so
they can be useful.
What? Operations! Let me get Now, how can I add
my self ready! my fingers and toes
together?
Prof. Abacus asked me to bring

4 notebooks for each student he
has in the class, and he has 3
students. How do I know how
many notebooks to bring? If I know
how to Multiply then I can
If I know how to operate these
come up with the answer faster. numbers, my brother can never claim
more cheese from my share any more!
Ms. Abacus: I will then know how to divide my

share equally, I won’t end up with
Dumpy Duck was 21 inches tall a year ago, and now he is 34
broccoli for dinner.
inches tall. So, how much taller did he grow in 12 months? We
need to subtract the numbers to find out the answer.

OK, so you are confused. It’s time
to introduce you to the Abacus
L et ’s Get t o k now t he Aba c us, “the co o lest toy y ou c an

ask fo r”, said Pr of . A bac u s. Man ic Mon key replied ,
“ W h a t’s a n ab a cu s ? W h o n e eds an a bac u s?
It ’s to o ol d and pro babl y no l ong er in use!”
Co ol C at g ot ex c it ed, “Oo h, W hat i s i t? A play ful

bead ed box ?”
T hen M ig hty M ous e c on tinu ed , “ Oh, I kno w, we c an

u s e i t t o l e a r n a b o u t n um ber s ,the bea ds wi ll
hel p us co un t t o big n um bers. I hea rd the Asia ns are
g reat with num bers in t he anc i ent times bec ause they
us ed t he abac u s a l ot. ”

Let’s see who can r ememb er d i f f er en t par ts of ab acus!
Home/
Center Column
Frame
NOTE: Upper Beads

Each LOWER BEAD = 1 Beam
Each UPPER BEAD = 5
Columns
The Upper Bead is a special Lower Beads

bead and that’s the reason it
is placed on the top. Don’t
count it as one unit.
Because the Upper Bead is a
special bead, sometimes it is
known as the Heaven Bead
and the Lower Bead as the
Earth Bead.
Tips from Ms. Abacus:

You really have to count each upper bead as 5 to avoid mistakes. If I show you
my fist and ask you how many fingers hiding in my fist, you can’t tell there are 5
fingers in each fist until I open it. So remember the upper bead as your own fist
that hides 5 fingers in it.

Frame
Upper Beads
Beam
Home
Columns
Lower Beads
Eh!, Who just dropped this cheese

on me? No one can distract me
OK, COLUMNS hold the from learning!....Well, HOME is
Uh, I have to remember, upper beads and the lower the column we will start with one
BEAM is the bar separating beads together and each digit numbers. It also means
the upper beads and the lower column indicates the place Ones’ place, the next column on
beads, it is separating the value. Emh....what’s going the left means Tens’ place.
heaven beads and the earth on there? I thought we are
beads. not supposed to eat during
class time.
Place Value
Two hundred fifty seven
Tips from Ms. Abacus: 257
Ones’ place
Tens’ place
Hundreds’ place

S o, how d o w e r e cogn i z e b e ad s as n u mb e r s?
0 1 2
Zero One Two
No Bead 1 Lower Bead 2 Lower Beads
attached to attached to attached to
the beam the beam the beam
hey....I didn’t drop the

cheese.
3 4
Three Four
3 Lower Beads 4 Lower Beads
attached to attached to
the beam the beam

S o, how d o w e r e cogn i z e b e ad s as n u mb e r s?
5 6 7
Five Six Seven
1 Upper Beads 1 Upper Bead 1 Upper Bead
attached to
1 Lower Bead 2 Lower Beads
the beam
I have to
9
remember the bead
8
recognition! Let me
concentrate!
Eight Nine
1 Upper Bead 1 Upper Bead
3 Lower Beads 4 Lower Beads

Let’s hav e f un an d d r aw the b ead s to r epr esen t n umb er s!
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

This is like my fencing lesson, I have to practice
and practice. Because my teacher always says,
“Practice makes perfect!”.
Let’s hav e f un an d d r aw the b ead s to r epr esen t n umb er s!
7 1 0 3 8 2 6 4 9 5
5 3 9 1 2 7 0 4 8 6
2 9 7 5 4 8 3 1 6 0
8 4 5 2 9 1 0 6 3 7

Now w r it e d own t he numb er that cor r espond s to th e be ad s!
7 1

Don ’t make mi st akes! I t hu r t s!
5 1
If there is 1 bead attached to the
beam, it could be either 1 or 5. Be
Remember to pay attention to the careful on where the bead is located!
upper bead and the lower beads.
1 upper bead equals 5 points.
1 lower bead equals 1 point. 6 2
If there are 2 beads attached to the
beam, it could be either 6 or 2.
7 3
Also, when you need to make 8, If there are 3 beads attached to the
make sure you really grab 3 lower beam, it could be either 7 or 3.
beads & 1 upper bead. Mistakes
happened when it was supposed to
be 8, there were only 2 lower
beads. 8 4
If there are 4 beads attached to the
beam, it could either be 8 or 4.

S o, how d o w e play w i t h t hi s cool ab acu s? Le t ’ s t r y t o ad d !
ovement
M
Finger
+1 +2 First
Make your thumb and your

index finger in a half circle
shape, slowly bring down your
index finger when you say
“thumb” and only thumb shows
up. Then, put your thumb
Plus 1 ---> 1 Lower Bead - Thumb UP Plus 2 --> 2 Lower Beads Thumb UP
down and point your index
finger when you say ‘finger”.
Practice this a lot of times
until your thumb and index
finger have some flexibility to
take turn smoothly.
Second
+3 +4
Make more progress by
practicing with your voice. Read
along when you move your
thumb and finger:
+1 Plus One
+2 Plus Two
Plus 3 --> 3 Lower Beads Thumb UP Plus 4 --> 4 Lower Beads Thumb UP +3 Plus Three
Thumb Up
+4 Plus Four
Let’s tr y to S UB RA CT (Take away)!
ovement
M
Finger
-1 -2 Remember to practice with

your voice! Read along when
you move your finger:
-1 Minus One Finger Down
Minus 1 ---> 1 Lower Bead - Finger Down Minus 2 --> 2 Lower Beads Finger Down -2 Minus Two
-3 Minus Three
-4 Minus Four
-3 -4
Let me get my voice ready!
Who knows I will become a
great singer at the same time.
American Idol, here I come!
Minus 3 --> 3 Lower Beads Finger Down Minus 4 --> 4 Lower Beads Finger Down

H o w a b o u t t he f i n g e r m o v e m e n t f o r t he u p p e r b e a d ?
ovement
M
Finger
+5
Finger Down
+5 Plus Five
Plus 5 --> 1 Upper Bead Finger Down
-5 -5 Minus Five
This
is so easy, I can Finger Up
even dance while
practice with my
thumb and
Minus 5 --> 1 Upper Bead Finger UP

Let’s con ti n ue wi th the r est of the n umb er s!
ovement
M
Finger
+6 +7
Move the thumb and the finger
at the same time. Practice by
saying the movement.
Plus 6 ---> 1 Upper Bead and 1 Lower Bead Plus 7 ---> 1 Upper Bead and 2 Lower Beads +6 Plus Six
Pull together at the same time Pull together at the same time
+7 Plus Seven
+8 Plus Eight
+8 +9
Pull together
+9 Plus Nine
at the same
time!
This is exciting, I
can stomp my feet
while practicing my
Plus 8 ---> 1 Upper Bead and 3 Lower Beads Plus 9 ---> 1 Upper Bead and 4 Lower Beads thumb and finger!
Pull together at the same time Pull together at the same time

Let’s con ti n ue wi th the r est of the n umb er s!
ovement
M
Finger
-6 -7
Move the thumb and the finger
at the same time. Practice by
saying the movement.
Minus 6 ---> 1 Upper Bead and 1 Lower Bead Minus 7 ---> 1 Upper Bead and 2 Lower Beads -6 Minus Six
Push apart at the same time Push apart at the same time
-7 Minus Seven
-8 Minus Eight
-8 -9
Push apart at
-9 Minus Nine
the same time!
Here is a tip for

you! Pull Together
and Push Apart
finger movement is
basically like
PINCHING.
Minus 8 ---> 1 Upper Bead and 3 Lower Beads Minus 9 ---> 1 Upper Bead and 4 Lower Beads
Push apart at the same time Push apart at the same time

Ne x t , h ow d o w e g e t t h e abacu s R EA DY t o wo r k?
Commands
s
Abacu
Hear are basic functions on
operating the abacus:
The abacus is not ready as you can see that the upper beads
and lower beads are attached to the beam.
LONG CLEAR : To get the abacus clear and ready from the start
Long Clear
1. Let all the lower beads down by lifting the abacus up from your desk
Short Clear
2. Slowly put the abacus down on your desk.
3. Using your pointing finger with the nail side touching the upper beads, gently Abacus
has to be ready
stroke the upper beads from Left to Right so they all go up.
before we start
moving any beads, so
don’t forget to clear
the abacus by either
Long Clear or
Short Clear.
3a. Start from the left side.

LONG CLEAR ...
mman ds
b acu s Co
A
Remember to always clear
your abacus before
3b. slowly drag your finger to the right. working on any problems.
Long Clear
To clear the whole abacus
Both upper and lower beads are in ready position.
SHORT CLEAR : To get the abacus ready for the next question
Short Clear
To clear only few columns

on the abacus
Gently slide your thumb and index finger on the beam from Right to Left so all the
beads detached from the beam and back to ready position.

S hor t Q u i z ! Mom told me to
r e v i e w last n i ght ! I
am glad I li st en ed .
Fill in the blan k!
They d i d n ’t tell me
t he r e i s a q u i z !
Clueless Cow at e all

my homewor k, he said
paper s ar e mad e out
of gr ass!
Long Clear is
Short Clear is

S hor t Q u i z ! TRUE O R FA LS E!
Finger Movement Test
I lov e Q u i z z e s!
B e cau se I alw ays
pr epar e my self
A h! I d i d n ’ t ge t t he
f o r t e st s!
w a r n i n g , t he r e w i l l b e
an ot her t est . O h, Mom!
I t i s goi n g t o b e b e t t e r t hi s t i me ! I
lear n ed my lesson the har d way on the
f i r st q u i z ! I f e e l l i k e I can e v e n t ak e
t he t e s t w i t h m y e ye s cl o s e d .
TRUE FA LS E TRUE FA LS E
+4 Thumb Up -9 Pull Together at the same time
+5 Thumb Up +3 Finger Down
-3 Finger Down -8 Push Apart at the same time
+6 Pull Together at the same time -2 Thumb Up
+1 Thumb Up +7 Pull Together at the same time
-5 Finger Up +5 Finger Down
+2 Thumb Up -1 Finger Down
-4 Finger Down -6 Push Apart at the same time
-7 Push Apart at the same time +4 Thumb Up

S hor t Q u i z ! Finger Movement Test
I lov e Q u i z z e s!
Thi s i s getti n g
e a s i e r!
Y e s! I can han d le
Fin ger Movemen t test!
Fin ger Movemen ts ar e easy an d fun !
Wr i t e Dow n t he Fi n ge r Mov e me n t ! Wr i t e Dow n t he Fi n ge r Mov e me n t !
+4 -9
+5 +3
-3 -8
+6 -2
+1 +7
-5 +5
+2 -1
-4 -6
-7 +4

Le t ’ s t r y t o coun t ! Y ou d on ’ t n e e d t o use t he ab acus ye t .
How many books do you see in this picture?
How many roses do you see in this picture?
How many computers in this picture?
Can you count how many balls on the pool table?

Le t ’ s t r y t o w or k on some S I MPLE pr ob le ms!
E
3 + 5 + 1
Question: SIMPL
+5
3 SIMPLE is the first rule we
need to learn. SIMPLE
tells us how to move
5 beads on the abacus:
1 +
+3
+1
+1
+2
1 lower bead Thumb Up
3 lower beads 1 upper bead
?
thumb Up +3
thumb Up finger down
+4
-1
-2
Finger Down
-3
-4
Tips from Ms. Abacus:
Remember to practice with your voice, say the movement before you move your +5 Finger Down
beads! This will help you correct your finger movement when you use the wrong
finger to move. Practice with your voice will also help you memorize the movement
in a short time subconsciously. -5 Finger Up

Let’s tr y to wor k on some S I MPLE pr ob lems!
Time ‘ “ Score /20
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
4 1 3 2 2 1 4 1 2 2
-3 3 1 2 -1 2 -4 3 1 2
1 -2 -3 -4 2 -1 3 -4 1 -4
1 1 1 3 1 2 1 2 -3 4
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
1 4 2 3 2 3 1 2 2 3
2 -4 -2 -2 1 -3 3 1 2 1
-3 2 3 2 -3 2 -4 -2 -4 -4
4 1 1 1 2 1 4 3 2 3

Let’s tr y to wor k on some S I MPLE pr ob lems!
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
4 2 3 2 2 3 4 1 2 2
-2 1 -1 2 -1 -2 -4 3 1 2
-1 -2 -2 -4 3 1 2 -2 -1 -4
3 1 4 3 -1 2 2 2 2 2
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
1 4 2 3 3 4 1 2 2 3
2 -3 -1 -2 1 -3 3 1 2 -1
-1 2 3 2 -3 -1 -2 -2 -3 -2
1 1 -1 -1 2 1 2 3 2 3

Let’s tr y to wor k on some si mple pr ob lems wi th + 5 an d - 5 !
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 4 5
2 -2 5 5 -2 5 -2 -2 -4 -5
5 2 -5 1 5 -3 3 -1 2 4
-2 -2 5 -2 -5 2 -2 5 5 5
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
4 3 5 3 1 5 2 4 2 5
5 5 2 -3 -1 -5 -1 -1 5 2
-3 1 -5 2 2 4 -1 -2 -2 -5
-5 -4 2 2 5 5 2 2 2 -1

Let’s tr y to wor k on some si mple pr ob lems wi th + 5 an d - 5 !
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 4 5
2 -2 5 5 -2 5 -2 -2 -4 -5
5 2 -5 1 5 -3 3 -1 2 4
-2 -2 5 -2 -5 2 -2 5 5 5
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
4 3 5 3 1 5 2 4 2 5
5 5 2 -3 -1 -5 -1 -1 5 2
-3 1 -5 2 2 4 -1 -2 -2 -5
-5 -4 2 2 5 5 2 2 2 -1

Le t ’ s t r y t o w or k mor e on some S I MPLE pr ob le ms!
LE R ULE
SIMP
Question:
2 + 6 -7
2
-5
+5
+6
+2
- 7
+1 -2
+6
+7
Pull Together At
1 upper bead
? +8
+9
The Same Time
2 lower beads 1 upper bead

thumb Up and 1 lower and 2 lower
bead pull beads push
together at apart at the -6
the same time same time
-7
Push Apart At
-8
The Same Time
-9
Remember the PINCHING

movement, but keep your fingers
to yourself, before you get
yourself in trouble!

Let’s tr y to wor k on some pr ob lems that r equi r e S I MPLE (1 - 9 )!
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
4 2 9 6 4 5 8 5 9 4
5 5 -2 3 5 -5 -2 -5 -9 5
-5 -5 -7 -8 -7 7 3 6 2 -9
5 6 6 6 7 2 -8 2 5 6
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
7 8 4 7 9 7 3 6 2 4
2 -7 -3 -6 -6 -2 -2 -5 7 5
-7 -1 -1 -1 6 -5 -1 3 -4 -4
2 4 6 5 -8 5 9 5 2 4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
3 1 9 5 4 5 8 5 9 4
5 5 -1 3 5 -5 -2 -5 -8 5
-2 -5 -7 -6 -8 8 3 7 1 -9
-5 7 6 7 6 1 -7 2 5 8
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
7 9 4 7 9 8 4 6 1 4
2 -7 -2 -5 -6 -2 -2 -5 7 5
-6 -1 -1 -1 6 -5 -1 2 -5 -3
1 3 6 5 -7 5 8 5 1 -5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
8 7 6 9 9 8 4 9 4 7
-5 -6 -6 -8 -9 -8 5 -9 5 -2
6 -1 9 -1 2 7 -8 6 -8 -5
-7 4 -8 3 2 -2 3 2 2 7
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
3 6 7 9 4 8 7 6 4 2
-2 3 2 -7 5 -5 -2 -5 -3 7
7 -7 -2 6 -6 6 -5 3 -1 -3
-3 6 -6 -3 5 -3 3 -3 6 2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
9 7 6 9 9 8 4 9 3 7
-5 -6 -5 -8 -8 -7 5 -7 5 -1
5 5 8 3 2 7 -8 6 -6 -5
-6 2 -7 5 5 -1 2 1 2 7
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
4 5 7 9 4 8 9 6 4 1
-2 3 2 -7 5 -5 -2 -5 -3 8
7 -7 -1 6 -8 6 -5 3 -1 -3
-3 6 -6 -5 5 -2 6 -1 7 -5

Hey! It’s not my birthday, however, Ms. Abacus said we have to reward ourselves
when we accomplish something. Hard work pays off! Try to reward your self too
only when you think you deserve it. Life is full of celebrations!
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
9 4 8 8 8 6 9 6 8 7
-5 5 -3 -7 -6 2 -2 2 -2 -5
-4 -3 -5 6 -2 -2 -6 -2 2 2
2 2 7 -5 2 2 3 -5 -2 5
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
2 9 6 8 7 5 2 8 2 3
6 -3 2 -8 -2 -5 6 -3 6 -2
-8 -6 -5 7 3 3 -6 -5 -8 8
8 8 6 -5 -5 -2 7 5 6 -7

Hey! It’s not my birthday, however, Ms. Badabeem said we have to reward
ourselves when we accomplish something. Hard work pays off! Try to reward your
self too only when you think you deserve it. Life is full of celebrations!
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
8 3 8 9 7 6 9 6 8 7
-5 5 -2 -7 -6 3 -2 3 -2 -5
-1 -2 -5 6 -1 -2 -6 -2 3 1
2 3 6 -5 2 2 3 -5 -2 5
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
3 9 6 9 8 6 1 8 2 3
6 -3 2 -8 -2 -5 6 -1 6 -2
-8 -6 -5 7 3 3 -5 -5 -7 8
8 7 6 -5 -5 -2 7 7 6 -6

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
7 8 6 4 7 9 8 9 8 4
2 -2 -5 5 2 -7 -6 -6 -5 -3
-3 -5 7 -8 -8 5 5 1 1 8
2 6 -2 2 5 2 1 5 5 -3
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
6 9 3 9 7 6 3 6 9 8
2 -9 -3 -6 2 -5 6 3 -9 -7
-6 3 2 5 -5 5 -7 -6 3 8
7 5 7 -7 5 2 7 -2 6 -7

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
6 9 7 4 7 8 8 8 8 3
2 -4 -5 5 2 -7 -6 -6 -5 -3
-3 -5 6 -6 -6 5 5 2 5 8
4 6 -2 -2 5 2 2 5 -3 -3
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
7 9 5 9 8 7 2 6 9 8
1 -8 3 -6 1 -5 6 3 -8 -7
-5 1 -6 5 -5 5 -7 -7 3 8
1 5 2 -6 5 2 7 2 5 -6

Ne x t , le t ’ s ta ke a lo o k a t t his pr o blem :
ule
New R
Question: There is not enough lower
3 + 2 beads to add 2. We would
3 have to borrow and the

upper bead(5) seems to be
FRIENDS
+5 big enough and the only
2 + choice for us to borrow.

However, if we borrow 5,
Now, from the problem
shown on the left, we
then we have to put 3 back can’t solve it with
-3
?
+3 because we only need to SIMPLE Rule, so we
add 2 (2= 5-3). need a new rule to help
us and it is called
3 lower beads Can we do “FRIENDS”
thumb Up 2 lower beads
thumb Up?
FRIENDS! I have friends, three of us

always play the game called Three
In order to help us solve problems faster, we have to memorize a new rule. When Blind Mice! Do you have FRIENDS?
If you do, give them a high FIVE
we cannot apply a SIMPLE rule, we have to call our friends for help. SIMPLE rule and remember this new rule!
means the bead movements with basic finger movement:
-thumb up,
-finger down
-pull together at the same time
-push apart at the same time.

FRI ENDS (The High Five):
When we see our friends, we would like to greet them
R I ENDS
with high five and our new rule needs to involve 5, so F
we call it the Friends Rule:
Please memorize the
Let’s put one hand up with 5 fingers shown! friend for each number:
If we put down one finger, how If we put down four fingers, 1 4

many fingers are up? how many finger is up?
2 3
3 2
4 1
1 4 4 1 Fill in the blank with the

FRIEND!
If we put down two fingers, If we put down three fingers, 4

how many fingers are up? how many fingers are up?
2
1
3
2
2 3 4
3 2
Can you think of some of your friends? How many good friends have
NDS (5)
you made so far from your school, your music class, your martial art FRIE
class, your choir group? Can you add all of them together?
Please memorize the
friend for each number:
5 5 1 4
2 3
3 2
4 1
1 4 2 3 Fill in the blank with the
FRIEND!
1 is a FRIEND of 4 2 is a FRIEND of 3
4 is a FRIEND of 1 3 is a FRIEND of 2 4
2
Can we at least be friend
for a day? I am tired of 1
fighting you!
3
2
4

The relationship between these pairs of numbers is called FRIENDS.
DS (+ 5)
1 4 FRIEN
2 3 Hear are basic functions on
FRIENDS (+5):
Let’s try to solve some problems with FRIENDS (+5)!
+1 =
+2 =
2 + 4 = _____
+3 =
+ 5- F
+4 =
+1 = - 4
+2 = - 3
+3 =
+ 5-2
+4 = - 1
+2 Thumb Up +4 = +5- 1 (Down together at the same time)
1 i s 4 ‘ s FRI END

FRI ENDS :
1 4 DS (+5)
FRIEN
2 3
Let’s try to solve more problems with FRIENDS (+5)!
Recite the formula of
3 + 3 = _____ FRIENDS (+5) :
+1 =
+2 =
+3 =
+ 5 -F
+4 =
+3 Thumb Up +3 =+5 -2 (Down together at the same time)
4 + 1 = _____
+1 = +5 - 4
+2 = +5 - 3
+3 = +5 - 2
+4 = +5 - 1
+4 Thumb Up +1 = +5 -4 (Down together at the same time)

Are you writing yet? The
more you write, the easier
the formula will come to mind Let’s r ev i ew our b asi c ab acus f or mula!
when you need to apply it.
Wr i t e d ow n t he FRI ENDS RULE Wr i t e d ow n t he FRI ENDS RULE

( + 5 ) f or e ach n umb e r on t he le f t ! ( + 5 ) f or e ach n umb e r on t he le f t !
+4 = + 5 - 1 +2 = + 5 - 3
+3 = + 5 - 2 +1 = + 5 - 4
+2 +4
+1 +3
+3 +1
+1 +2
+4 +4
+2 +3
+3 +1
+1 +2
+2 +4
+4 +3

Are you writing yet? The
more you write, the easier
the formula will come to mind Let’s r ev i ew our b asi c ab acus f or mula!
when you need to apply it.
Wr i t e d ow n t he t he n u m b e r t o Wr i t e d ow n t he t he n u m b e r t o
match Fr ien d s (+ 5 ) for mula ! match Fr ien d s (+ 5 ) for mula !
+4 = + 5 - 1 +2 = + 5 - 3
+3 = + 5 - 2 +1 = + 5 - 4
= + 5 - 3 = + 5 - 1
= + 5 - 4 = + 5 - 2
= + 5 - 2 = + 5 - 4
= + 5 - 4 = + 5 - 3
= + 5 - 1 = + 5 - 1
= + 5 - 3 = + 5 - 2
= + 5 - 2 = + 5 - 4
= + 5 - 4 = + 5 - 3
= + 5 - 3 = + 5 - 1
= + 5 - 1 = + 5 - 2

Let’s tr y to wor k on some pr ob lems that r equi r e S I MPLE & FRI ENDS (+ 5 )!
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
7 7 4 4 5 1 2 6 5 4
2 -6 2 3 2 3 4 3 3 3
-5 3 -5 -5 -5 4 -1 -7 -6 -5
1 2 4 6 3 -6 3 4 3 3
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
3 4 3 9 8 2 7 9 6 3
-2 -3 2 -8 -6 4 -5 -8 3 4
4 4 -5 4 3 3 3 4 -6 -2
1 2 6 2 4 -8 2 1 2 4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
6 8 4 4 5 1 4 6 5 4
2 -6 3 2 3 4 4 2 2 3
-5 3 -5 -5 -6 4 -5 -7 -6 -5
2 1 4 6 3 -6 6 4 3 4
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
4 4 3 9 9 2 8 9 5 1
-2 -1 4 -8 -6 4 -5 -7 3 4
4 3 -5 4 3 3 3 4 -6 2
1 2 6 3 3 -7 2 1 3 -5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
7 4 8 3 2 5 8 4 9 5
-6 3 -6 4 3 4 -7 3 -6 3
3 -6 4 -6 4 -7 4 -6 3 -6
1 4 1 4 -1 3 3 7 2 3
Let’s celebrate, FRIENDS!

We have learned a lot!
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
1 5 8 7 5 4 9 4 4 9
4 3 1 -6 4 -2 -6 3 -1 -7
3 -6 -7 4 -6 3 2 -6 2 3
-6 3 4 3 2 1 3 4 3 4

Let’s tr y to wor k on mor e pr ob le ms t hat r e qui r e S I MPLE & FR I ENDS ( + 5 ) !
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
8 4 8 3 2 5 9 2 9 5
-6 4 -6 4 4 4 -7 3 -6 4
3 -6 4 -5 3 -7 4 -5 3 -6
2 4 3 4 -1 4 3 7 3 3
Let’s celebrate, FRIENDS!

We have learned a lot!
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
3 5 7 7 5 4 9 4 4 9
4 3 1 -6 4 -2 -6 4 -1 -7
2 -7 -6 4 -6 3 2 -6 2 4
-6 4 4 2 4 3 3 4 3 3

Ne x t , le t ’ s ta ke a lo o k a t t his pr o blem :
NDS (-5)
FRIE
Question: There is no lower bead to
5 - 1 push down. We would have
5 to borrow and the upper

bead(5) is the only one Hear are basic functions on
available. However, if we FRIENDS (-5):
1 -
+5 -5
borrow 5, then we have to
add back 4 because we only
-1 =
need to take away 1.
?
+ F - 5
+4 (-1 = + 4 - 5). -2 =
1 upper bead Can we do -1 -3 =

finger down with 1 lower
bead finger
down? No -4 =
Reminder: In order to help us solve problems faster, we have to memorize Friends
(-5) rule. When we cannot apply a SIMPLE rule, we have to call our FRIENDS for
help. -1 = + 4
Friend!
3
Help, FRIENDS!
Don’t make an enemy
in your life and learn
from my mistakes.
-2 =
-3 =
+ 3
+ 2
-5
4 -4 = + 1
2
FRI ENDS (The High Five)
1 4 DS (-5)
FRIEN
2 3
Hear are basic functions on
FRIENDS (-5):
Let’s try to solve some problems with FRIENDS (-5)!
6 - 2 = _____ -1 =
-2 =
-3 = + F- 5
-4 =
-1 = + 4
+6 -2 = +3 -5
-2 = + 3
(Pull together at the same time) (Up together at the same time)
There is not enough lower beads to take away 2. We can’t do SIMPLE rule and we
-3 = + 2 -5
would have to borrow and call out FRIENDS rule. When we borrow 5, we have to
involve the friend as well. In order to take away 2, we have to take away 5 and add -4 = + 1
2’s friend which is 3. ( -2= +3-5).

7 - 3 = _____
DS (-5)
FRIEN

FRIENDS (-5) :
-1 = +4 - 5
-2 = +3 - 5
+7 -3 = +2 - 5
(Pull together at the same time) (Up together at the same time) -3 = +2 - 5
8 - 4 = _____ -4 = +1 - 5
Fill in the blank with

FRIENDS:
-1 = ___ - 5
-2 = ___ - 5
-3 = ___ - 5
+8 -4 = +1 - 5
(Pull together at the same time) (Up together at the same time) -4 = ___ - 5

We practice memorizing by writing! I know
Let’s r ev i ew our b asi c ab acus f or mula! you don’t feel like writing now, but I am
watching you, so get your pencil ready!
Wr i t e d ow n t he FRI ENDS RULE Wr i t e d ow n t he FRI ENDS RULE

( - 5 ) f or e ach n umb e r on t he le f t ! ( - 5 ) f o r e ach n u m b e r o n t he l e f t !
-1 = + 4 - 5 -3 = + 2 - 5
-2 = + 3 - 5 -4 = + 1 - 5
-3 -2
-4 -1
-3 -4
-1 -3
-2 -2
-4 -1
-3 -3
-2 -2
-1 -1
-4 -4

We practice memorizing by writing! I know
Let’s r ev i ew our b asi c ab acus f or mula! you don’t feel like writing now, but I am
watching you, so get your pencil ready!
Wr i t e d ow n t he NUMB ER t o mat ch Wr i t e d ow n t he NUMB ER t o mat ch

t he FRI ENDS RULE (- 5 ) ! t he FRI ENDS RULE (- 5 ) !
-1 = + 4 - 5 -3 = + 2 - 5
-2 = + 3 - 5 -4 = + 1 - 5
= + 2 - 5 = + 3 - 5
= + 1 - 5 = + 4 - 5
= + 2 - 5 = + 1 - 5
= + 4 - 5 = + 2 - 5
= + 3 - 5 = + 3 - 5
= + 1 - 5 = + 4 - 5
= + 2 - 5 = + 2 - 5
= + 3 - 5 = + 3 - 5
= + 4 - 5 = + 4 - 5
= + 1 - 5 = + 1 - 5

Let’s tr y to wor k on some pr ob lems that r equi r e S I MPLE & FRI ENDS (+ 5 ) & (- 5 )!
I CAN handle this, my Time ‘ “ Score /20

FRIENDS will help me!
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
7 3 1 5 6 5 5 4 4 7
-4 2 4 -3 1 -2 -4 3 3 1
1 -4 -2 6 -3 1 7 -4 -4 -4
3 7 6 1 1 3 1 6 5 2
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
5 7 1 5 6 5 6 1 5 7
3 -4 5 -3 -4 1 -3 6 -2 -3
-4 3 -3 4 5 2 4 -3 5 2
1 1 2 2 2 -4 2 1 1 1

I CAN call my FRIENDS Time ‘ “ Score /20

faster now!
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
8 3 1 6 5 5 5 4 4 7
-4 2 4 -3 2 -2 -4 3 2 1
1 -1 -3 6 -3 1 3 -4 -4 -4
2 4 7 -7 1 3 1 2 5 3
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
3 7 2 5 7 4 5 1 5 7
3 -4 5 -3 -4 1 -3 6 -2 -3
-4 3 -3 4 5 2 4 -4 4 2
3 2 4 -2 1 -4 2 3 -3 -4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
4 2 3 2 7 5 6 3 8 4
3 5 2 3 -4 -2 -2 6 -4 3
-6 -3 -4 -4 3 4 1 -7 1 -5
8 1 6 5 1 2 3 4 2 6
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
5 4 2 9 4 1 8 4 3 7
-1 2 5 -7 3 5 -5 2 2 -3
3 -3 -3 3 2 -3 2 -5 -1 4
2 6 1 1 -8 4 1 3 5 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
4 1 3 3 8 5 6 3 8 4
3 5 2 3 -4 -2 -2 6 -4 3
-5 -3 -4 -4 3 4 1 -8 1 -5
6 2 7 6 1 -6 4 4 -3 7
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
5 4 2 9 5 2 9 4 3 7
-1 2 4 -7 -3 5 -5 2 2 -3
4 -3 -3 3 4 -3 2 -5 -1 2
-7 5 1 -1 -2 4 -3 6 4 1

It should be easy by now. Let’s r ev i ew our b asi c ab acus f or mula!
C’mon, you CAN do it!
Wr i t e d ow n t he FRI ENDS RULE (+ 5 ) & Wr i t e d ow n t he FRI ENDS RULE (+ 5 ) &

( - 5 ) f or e ach n umb e r on t he le f t ! ( - 5 ) f or e ach n umb e r on t he le f t !
+4 = + 5 - 1 -2 = + 3 - 5
-3 = + 2 - 5 +1 = + 5 - 4
+2 -4
-1 +3
+3 -3
+1 +2
-4 +4
-2 -1
+3 +3
-1 -2
+2 -4
+4 +1

It should be easy by now. Let’s r ev i ew our b asi c ab acus f or mula!
C’mon, you CAN do it!
Wr i t e d ow n t he FRI ENDS RULE (+ 5 ) & Wr i t e d ow n t he FRI ENDS RULE (+ 5 ) &

( - 5 ) f or e ach n umb e r on t he le f t ! ( - 5 ) f or e ach n umb e r on t he le f t !
+1 = + 5 - 4 +2 = + 5 - 3
-3 = + 2 - 5 -4 = + 1 - 5
-2 -1
-1 +3
+3 -3
+1 +2
+4 +4
-2 +1
-3 +3
-1 -2
+2 -4
-4 -1

Let’s pr acti ce mor e pr ob lems that r equi r e S I MPLE & FRI ENDS (+ 5 ) & (- 5 )!
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
5 8 2 2 8 2 6 4 3 6
-2 -7 4 1 -4 4 -3 2 2 -4
1 4 -2 4 -1 1 1 1 -3 1
1 -1 -3 -3 4 -4 1 -3 1 2
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
6 5 2 2 4 7 4 3 2 6
-2 -2 3 3 4 1 3 3 4 -2
-2 1 -4 -2 -2 -4 -2 -4 1 1
4 2 6 -2 -3 1 -3 6 -4 2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
6 9 3 4 8 4 6 4 3 7
-2 -7 4 1 -4 4 -3 2 2 -4
1 4 -2 -3 -1 1 1 -3 -3 1
3 -2 -4 3 4 -7 1 4 1 2
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
7 6 2 3 3 6 4 3 2 6
-2 -3 3 3 4 1 3 3 4 -2
-2 4 -4 -2 -2 -4 -2 -4 1 1
4 2 7 -2 -3 1 -1 7 -4 -3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
3 7 3 3 9 3 6 2 8 4
4 -4 5 2 -6 2 -4 3 -4 -1
-6 -1 -4 -3 2 2 2 3 3 2
4 4 3 5 -3 -4 1 -4 -5 -1
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
6 8 4 1 2 4 8 3 3 1
1 -4 3 5 4 1 -3 3 3 5
-4 2 1 -3 -2 -2 -1 -5 -4 -2
3 -1 -4 2 -2 -2 2 4 7 3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 8 2 3 9 3 6 2 8 4
4 -4 5 2 -6 2 -4 3 -4 -1
-3 3 -4 -1 2 2 2 3 3 3
4 2 3 5 -4 -4 1 -4 -6 -1
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
6 8 4 2 3 4 8 3 2 1
1 -4 3 5 4 1 -3 4 3 5
-3 1 1 -3 -3 -2 -1 -5 -4 -2
2 -1 -4 2 2 3 2 4 7 4

Wait, who just said I am falling as le ep? I a m a ctua lly i n my f u ll
co nc entratio n stat e, the “A- HA Mo me nt”. T oda y, I a m g o in g t o t ea ch y ou
h ow to c once ntrate be tte r by u sin g yo ur ri gh t b r a i n a nd le ft b r a i n at th e
s ame time .
No mor e PREDA TOR,

I am a S u pe r H e r o!
Let’s see who hav e a
gr eat i magi n ati on
an d kn ow how t o put
t he r i g ht b r ai n t o
work!
Don’t I look cool in

this motor bike? Hmh, I know my brother’s rocket bike is not
a close comparison to my Jet Pac.

“ WAKE UP”, scre ame d P rof. A bacu s. M an i c Mo n key r e pl ie d , “ Oh , yo u g ot
m e off from my c oo l inve ntio n? ” Co ol Ca t g ot exci ted w i th h is
imagin atio n, “Ooh boy, I re ally ne e d t o b e sma rt e r so I k n ow h o w to ge t
a co ol mo to rbike for m y s elf really soon” .
No w, I kno w yo u h a ve a gr eat i mag inat ion, i t is t ime to

We hav e t o le ar n how t o put your i magi n at i on t o wor k f or your ad va nta ge w hich is
i m agi n e t he ab acu s b e ad s t o buil d m ore brain pow er..
i n o u r m i n d so w e d o n ’ t
d e pe n d on t he r e al
ab acus. We can also get
- A B A CUSacus
E
IMAG tion without th
t he an s w e r s a l o t e ab
q u ic k er usi ng o ur na
ou r imagi
i m agi n at i o n t o he l p at t he Using y
same ti me. B y d oi n g thi s
exercise, we put our left
b r ai n an d r i ght b r ai n t o
w o r k t o g e t he r . T hi s i s Tips from Ms. Abacus:
how w e gai n mor e b r ai n
power . Two si d es of t he
Before we get so much ahead in our imagination, rule is important to make
b r ai n w o r k i n g t o ge t he r i s sure we are doing the right thing. Please memorize this rule before you
much better than on e start!
si d e of the b r ai n wor ki n g
alon e. 1. NO Stroke! (on your finger movement)
2. Don’t hold the answer with your finger and thumb
(hold the answer in your mind)
3. Use the right finger movements like you do it with the real abacus
(+1, use thumb, -3 use finger, no need for the up and down movement)
4. Have lots of FUN

Let’s tr y to v i suali ze b asi c b ead r ecogn i ti on i n our mi n d !
0 1
9
2
2
8
3
4
6
5
Let’s tr y to i magi n e the f i n ger mov emen ts of these n umb er s!
What’s in your mind?
g
Imagin
What you need to do with your hand
+1
First
X Thumb X
UP NO Stroke (show which finger you
use to move certain numbers, but
Plus 1 ---> you are supposed to do don’t move the finger up or down)
thumb up, but when you do it with
your imagination, you just show Second
your thumb, don’t move your thumb Using your imagination, hold the
upward (remember NO STROKE!) answer 1 in your mind. Remember the answer after
your fingers moved. This is a
good exercise to train your
+3
short term memory.
Don’t use your fingers to point
at the answer, because soon
you will not have enough
X
fingers to point at bigger
Thumb X
numbers.
UP
Plus 3 ---> you are supposed to do Third

thumb up, but when you do it with
your imagination, you just show Use the correct finger
your thumb, don’t move your thumb movement!
Using your imagination, hold the
upward (remember NO STROKE!)
answer 4 in your mind (1 + 3 = 4) Fourth
HAVE LOTS OF FUN!

Question continues to the next page.....

Let’s tr y to i magi n e the f i n ger mov emen ts of these n umb er s!
What’s in your mind?
g
Imagin
What you need to do with your hand
-2
Review
X X
Finger Down
Minus 2 ---> you are supposed to do +1 Plus One

Finger Down, but when you do it with
your imagination, you just show your +2 Plus Two
index finger, don’t move your finger Using your imagination, hold the
downward (remember NO STROKE!) +3 Plus Three
answer 2 in your mind (4 - 2 = 2)
+4 Plus Four Thumb Up
+5 Finger Down
X X
Finger Down +5 Plus Five
Plus 5 ---> you are supposed to do

Finger Down, but when you do it with
your imagination, you just show your
index finger, don’t move your finger
downward (remember NO STROKE!) -5 Minus Five
Using your imagination, hold the
answer 7 in your mind (5 + 2 = 7)
Finger Up

Le t ’ s d o t he se n umb e r s w i t h t he r i ght si d e of our b r ai n ( i mpr ov e v i suali z at i on ski ll) !
+5 +4 -8 +6 = 7
+2 +6 -7 +8 = 9

Use your i magi n ati on to solv e the f ollowi n g pr ob lems! Rememb er the Rules an d
use y our fi n ge r s t o h elp w it hou t s t r oke s ! !
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 1 4 3 1 4 2 4 3 3
-1 3 -1 1 -1 -2 2 -2 1 1
4 -1 1 -2 2 2 -4 2 -2 -4
-1 1 -3 2 1 -1 3 -2 1 3
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
4 1 2 3 3 3 4 1 4 3
-1 -1 2 1 1 1 -1 3 -3 -1
-3 1 -2 -4 -4 -4 1 -3 3 -2
1 2 2 1 3 4 -1 1 -1 3

Use your i magi n ati on to solv e the f ollowi n g pr ob lems! Rememb er the Rules an d
use y our fi n ge r s t o h elp w it hou t s t r oke s ! !
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 1 4 2 3 4 2 4 2 3
-1 3 -1 1 -1 -2 2 -2 1 1
3 -2 -2 -2 2 2 -3 1 -2 -3
-1 1 2 2 -3 -3 1 -2 1 2
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
3 2 2 3 4 3 4 1 4 3
-1 -1 2 1 -1 1 -1 3 -3 -1
-2 1 -3 -2 1 -4 1 -2 2 2
4 2 2 1 -3 2 -1 1 -1 -4

Let’s d o i t agai n wi th your i magi n ati on S I MPLE (1 - 5 )!
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 4 5
2 -2 5 5 -2 5 -2 -2 -4 -5
5 2 -5 1 5 -3 3 -1 2 4
-2 -2 5 -2 -5 2 -2 5 5 5
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
5 1 4 3 4 1 3 4 3 2
-5 3 5 5 5 2 -2 -2 -3 -1
3 -1 -2 -5 -4 -2 2 -2 2 -1
1 -1 2 5 2 5 -2 5 1 1

I t 's e asy! Y ou r i magi n at i on i s ge t t i n g b e t t e r ! S I MPLE ( 1 - 5 )
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 4 4 2 3 4 3 4 4 5
1 -2 5 5 -2 5 -2 -2 -3 4
5 2 -3 1 5 -3 1 -1 2 -3
-2 -1 -5 -3 -5 1 -2 5 5 -5
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
5 1 4 5 4 5 3 4 3 3
3 3 5 2 5 2 -2 -2 -1 -1
-5 -1 -2 -5 -3 -1 2 -1 2 -1
1 -1 1 5 2 -5 1 5 1 2

Let’s d o i t agai n wi th your i magi n ati on ! S I MPLE ( 1 - 9 )
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
8 8 9 5 9 9 9 4 8 2
-3 -5 -9 -5 -6 -7 -7 -3 -5 6
-5 -2 3 5 -3 2 6 -1 6 -8
2 2 6 3 7 5 -5 9 -3 7
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
3 3 5 8 3 7 9 4 7 5
-3 6 4 -3 5 -6 -4 5 -6 -5
6 -5 -3 -5 -8 2 -5 -9 6 4
2 5 2 3 4 -2 4 4 2 5

Wow , you mad e i t ! Way t o go! S I MPLE ( 1 - 9 ) !
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
3 7 2 7 2 9 5 2 4 9
6 2 2 -6 6 -4 -5 2 -3 -5
-3 -2 5 -1 -2 -5 7 5 3 -3
-5 -6 -8 9 -5 6 -6 -8 5 2
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
6 2 4 2 3 5 8 9 3 9
-6 6 -3 7 -2 3 -5 -2 -2 -7
7 -3 6 -9 5 -6 -2 -5 3 6
2 1 2 3 -5 5 5 1 -2 -7

Y o u r i m agi n at i o n sk i l l has i m pr o v e d a l o t , l e t ’ s d o i t agai n w i t h S I MPLE ( 1 - 9 ) !
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
5 6 8 7 2 7 3 2 9 3
-5 3 -6 2 5 -2 -2 6 -3 6
2 -8 5 -7 -5 2 -1 -6 -6 -5
6 7 -6 2 5 -5 4 6 8 5
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
9 7 4 6 8 2 5 8 2 2
-5 2 5 -5 -8 5 -5 -2 2 -2
5 -5 -2 7 7 2 9 3 -2 8
-8 -3 -6 -7 -2 -7 -3 -4 7 -5

S k y i s t he li mi t ! L e t ’ s d o i t a g a i n w i t h S I M P L E ( 1 - 9 ) !
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
9 4 3 2 7 8 8 4 4 3
-7 5 6 7 -7 -7 -6 5 5 -2
2 -3 -7 -5 7 -1 -1 -6 -2 -1
5 2 6 5 2 5 2 -2 2 7
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
3 3 5 7 3 7 9 4 7 6
-2 6 4 -1 5 -6 -2 5 -6 -5
6 -5 -3 -5 -7 3 -5 -8 5 3
1 -1 2 1 2 -2 1 2 2 5

Gr eat i magi n at i on
lead s to gr eat
cr eat i v i t y! Pr act i ce
your i magi n at i on ski ll
mor e often so you
can t hi n k ahead !
GREAT! You made it!

O h ye ah! O h
This is getting more
yeah! Now I
exciting, because now
can ad d an d
you can do it faster
sub tr act i n my
with your imagination.
he ad !
Abacus has made it
possible for you to
visualize the beads
and the movements in
your mind.
N ow , t h i s is wh a t
I call k i d s w i t h
r e al B r ai n PO WER !

No w, l et ’ s lear n a n ew con cept so we can han d le mor e n umber s!
3 + +9 = 9 =
EW RULE
N
There is not enough beads on
the same column to add 9, we
only have 6 left. We would have
to borrow some beads from the
+10 -1 next column that is big enough RELATIVES ( +10)
+3 for us to accomplish the task.
Now, from the problem
However, if we borrow 1 lower
bead on the next column to the
can’t solve it with
left, it will be 10 points. We
3 lower beads Can we do +9 SIMPLE? No. SIMPLE and FRIENDS
thumb Up Can we call our friend if have to put 1 back because we
Simple doesn’t help? No, Rule, so we need a new
only need to add 9. (9= 10-1).
because 9 doesn’t have a rule to help us and it is
friend. called “RELATIVES”
In order to help us solve problems faster, we have to memorize a new rule. When
we cannot apply a SIMPLE rule, we have to call our FRIENDS for help. However,in
this case FRIENDS rule doesn’t help either, because 9 doesn’t have a friend.
Since we are running out of friends, this time we are going to call our RELATIVES.
Let’s get to know our RELATIVES first!

R EL A T I V ES ( T he B i g T EN )
When we see our relatives, we get so excited and we
ES ( 1 0)
IV
RELAT
jump up high and greet them with high TEN not just
high FIVE.
Please memorize the

Let’s put two hands up with 10 fingers shown! relative for each number:
If we put down 1 finger, how If we put down 3 fingers, how 1 9

many fingers are up? many fingers are up?
2 8
3 7
4 6
1 9 3 7 5 5
If we put down 2 fingers, how If we put down 4 fingers, how 6 4
7 3
8 2
9 1
2 8 4 6
Can you think of some of your relatives? Mom, Dad,
ES ( 1 0)
IV
RELAT
brother, sister, grandma, grandpa, uncle, cousins..?
Make sure you greet them with high TEN not just
high FIVE when you see them next time.
Fill in the blank!
Let’s put two hands up with 10 fingers shown!
7
If we put down 5 fingers, how
many fingers are up? 3
4
Do you t hi n k
Clueless Cow
could b e my 2
cousi n ? My mom
n e v e r me n t i on e d
ab out hi m.
6
5
5 5
1
9

I know you don’t like your Aunt Molly, she likes to
ES ( 1 0)
IV
RELAT
mess up your cool hairdo, but she is still your
relative, and you still need to give her Big TEN.
Fill in the blank!

Let’s put two hands up with 10 fingers shown!
If we put down six fingers, If we put down 7 fingers, how 5

how many fingers are up? many fingers are up?
6 4 7 3 9
If we put down 8 fingers, how If we put down 9 fingers, how 6
8
2
3
8 2 9 1
Can you think of the best
ES ( 1 0)
IV
RELAT
holiday for relatives to get
together? Is it Thanksgiving,
Christmas or New Year?
Fill in the blank!
10 10 5
1
10 7
1 9 3 7
1 is a RELATIVE of 9 3 is a RELATIVE of 7
4
9
5 5
10 5 is a RELATIVE of 5
10 6
8
2
2 8 4 6 3

R EL A T I V ES Each set of these numbers add up to 10.
( T he B i g T EN ) They are RELATIVE to each other.
VES ( +10)
I
1 9 RELAT
2 8
RELATIVE S (+10):
4 6
5 5
Let’s try to solve some problems with RELATIVES (+10)! +1 =
3 + 8 = _____ +2 =
+3 =
+4 =
+5 = - R+10
+6 =
+7 =
+8 =
+3 Thumb Up +8= -2 then + 10 ( 2 is 8’s relative ) +9 =
”then” remind you to move to the next column

Let’s try to solve more problems with RELATIVES (+10 )!
3 + 7 = _____
ES ( + 10)
IV
RELAT
RELATIVES (+10 ) :
+1 = - 9 then + 10
+2 = - 8 then + 10
+3 = - 7 then + 10
+3 Thumb Up +7 = -3 then + 10 ( 3 is 7’s relative )
4 + 6 = _____ +4 = - 6 then + 10
+5 = - 5 then + 10
+6 = - 4 then + 10
+7 = - 3 then + 10
+8 = - 2 then + 10
+9 = - 1 then + 10

4 + 9 = _____
VES ( +10)
I
RELAT
Fill in the blank
with RELATIVES!
+1 = then + 10
+2 = then + 10
+3 = then + 10
7 + 4 = _____ +4 = then + 10
+5 = then + 10
+6 = then + 10
+7 = then + 10
+8 = then + 10
+9 = then + 10
+7 Pull Together +4 = -6 then + 10 ( 6 is 4’s relative )

8 + 3 = _____ 10)
ES ( +
IV
RELAT
Fill in the blank!
+1 = then +
+2 = then +
+3 = then +
+8 Pull Together +3 = -7 then + 10 ( 7 is 3‘s relative )
8 + 5 = _____ +4 = then +
+5 = then +
+6 = then +
+7 = then +
+8 = then +
+9 = then +

9 + 1 = _____ ES ( + 10)
IV
RELAT
Fill in the blank!
+5 = then +
+2 = then +
+7 = then +
9 + 2 = _____ +4 = then +
+9 = then +
+6 = then +
+1 = then +
+8 = then +
+3 = then +

We are going to be an abacus
Champion with all this writing Let’s r ev i ew our b asi c ab acus f or mula!
assignment!
Wr i t e d ow n t he R EL A T I V ES R U L E ( + ) Wr i t e d ow n t he R EL A T I V ES R U L E ( + )
f o r e ach n u m b e r o n t he l e f t ! f o r e ach n u m b e r o n t he l e f t !
+4 = - 6 then + 10 +9 = - 1 then + 10
+7 = - 3 then + 10 +1 = - 9 then + 10
+2 +6
+1 +3
+5 +7
+6 +2
+3 +4
+8 +5
+5 +8
+9 +1
+1 +3
+3 +4

We are going to be an abacus
Champion with all this writing Let’s r ev i ew our b asi c ab acus f or mula!
assignment!
Wr i t e d ow n t he R EL A T I V ES R U L E ( + ) Wr i t e d ow n t he R EL A T I V ES R U L E ( + )
f o r e ach n u m b e r o n t he l e f t ! f o r e ach n u m b e r o n t he l e f t !
+1 = - 9 then + 10 +8 = - 2 then + 10
+7 = - 3 then + 10 +9 = - 1 then + 10
+3 +5
+5 +3
+2 +2
+6 +1
+1 +4
+8 +6
+9 +7
+5 +8
+1 +4
+3 +2

Let’s tr y to wor k on some pr ob lems that r equi r e S I MPLE, FR I EN DS & R ELA TI VES ( + 1 0 ) !
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
4 1 7 3 9 7 8 6 1 7
2 6 -6 9 8 5 5 9 4 8
9 5 4 3 -3 6 9 -4 5 -4
-3 3 5 -2 1 -4 -2 3 6 3
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
2 1 2 3 4 7 3 6 8 9
3 4 4 4 2 5 2 -2 5 8
-4 -3 -3 -2 9 4 -1 8 2 -4
9 8 9 5 -1 -3 8 3 -4 2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
9 8 9 7 6 5 2 9 4 9
-3 4 2 3 4 4 6 3 7 1
4 3 7 6 5 3 4 4 5 6
7 -5 -4 -3 -1 -2 -1 -2 -3 -4
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
6 8 2 9 1 9 6 4 3 4
3 3 7 1 8 4 3 7 6 -1
-2 6 -5 6 -3 -2 -1 6 -1 7
4 -2 6 -2 9 4 5 -3 8 6

I am so r e ad y f or Time ‘ “ Score /20

t hi s chal l e n g e !
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 1 2 3 4 7 3 6 8 9
3 4 4 4 2 5 2 -2 5 8
-4 -3 -3 -2 9 4 -1 8 2 -4
9 8 9 5 -1 -3 8 3 -4 2
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
9 1 5 4 2 5 6 9 6 2
-5 6 -1 3 4 4 -3 -5 -3 7
4 9 6 9 9 -2 4 8 9 7
3 -4 5 -4 -1 3 8 4 4 -4

My kn owled ge helps me con quer Time ‘ “ Score /20

t he f e ar o n t hi s pr o b l e m !
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
4 9 9 4 7 9 8 6 4 9
7 9 6 9 9 1 8 9 8 -1
7 1 3 -1 2 9 3 4 8 8
5 1 7 9 9 7 1 6 1 5
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
5 7 2 2 9 5 8 9 8 9
4 5 6 7 9 4 8 9 4 2
8 7 8 7 3 6 5 5 6 3
8 4 4 9 -1 5 3 -1 4 7

Le t ’ s d o i t agai n w i t h S I MPLE, FR I EN DS & R ELA TI VES ( + 1 0 ) !
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 3 5 4 9 5 4 3 4 7
2 9 4 9 7 4 8 7 8 4
9 7 8 7 4 2 8 8 8 8
7 8 4 5 7 9 2 2 6 1
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
7 2 7 9 1 8 1 2 8 5
2 9 5 9 7 3 8 9 9 3
5 3 9 9 8 9 5 2 3 4
8 6 6 -6 9 6 9 7 7 8

Y ES ! Y ou ar e on t he w ay t o champi on shi p! S I MPLE, FR I EN DS & R ELA TI VES ( + 1 0 ) !
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
7 8 9 4 4 4 3 7 5 9
3 8 8 6 8 8 9 3 4 1
9 3 -5 6 2 8 8 2 9 9
6 2 8 9 6 7 7 9 9 4
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
7 4 5 7 4 3 1 4 2 6
9 8 4 5 8 9 9 8 5 1
9 8 2 5 6 9 4 7 5 9
4 8 9 9 5 8 8 2 9 4

Now , le t ’ s t ake a look at t hi s pr ob le m!
13 - 5
ew R ules
N
+5
-10
+10 RELATIVES (-10)
+3 Now, from the problem
can’t solve it with
1 lower bead 3 lower beads Can we do -5 SIMPLE? No. SIMPLE and FRIENDS
Thumb Up on Thumb Up Can we call our FRIENDS if simple doesn’t help?
10’s column Rule, so we need a new
No, 5 doesn’t have a Friend. Next, can we call
RELATIVES to help? Yes, 5’s Relative is 5. rule to help us and it is
called “RELATIVES
Minus”.
The upper bead is not down on the beam to do SIMPLE (-5 Finger UP). When SIMPLE
doesn’t help, we will call FRIENDS. However 5 doesn’t have a FRIEND, so we will call
RELATIVES next, 5 has a RELATIVE which is also 5. We would have to borrow some
bead from the next column that is big enough for us to accomplish the task. If we
borrow 1 lower bead on the next column to the left, it will be 10 points. We have to
add 5 back because we only need to minus 5. ( -5 = -10 + 5).
I t hi n k I can
han d le t hi s
R EL A T I V ES M i n u s !
I t i s n ot as t ou gh
as i t looks!

R EL A T I V ES Each set of these numbers add up to 10.
-10)
( T he B i g T EN ) They are RELATIVE to each other.
1 9 I VES (
2 8 RELAT
4 6 RELATIVE (-10):
5 5
Let’s try to solve some problems with RELATIVES (-10)!
-1 =
-2 =
10 - 6 = _____
-3 =
-4 =
-5 = -10+R
-6 =
-7 =
-8 =
+1 Thumb Up on 10s’ column -6= -10 then + 4 ( 4 is 6’s relative)

-9 =

Let’s try to solve more problems with RELATIVES (-10 )!
11 - 7 = _____
VES ( -10)
I
RELAT
RELATIVES (-10 ) :
-1 = - 10 then + 9
-2 = - 10 then + 8
+1 Thumb Up on both columns -7 = -10 then + 3 ( 3 is 7’s relative )

-3 = - 10 then + 7
10 - 2 = _____ -4 = - 10 then + 6
-5 = - 10 then + 5
-6 = - 10 then + 4
-7 = - 10 then + 3
-8 = - 10 then + 2
-9 = - 10 then +1
+1 Thumb Up on Tens’ column -2 = -10 then + 8 ( 8 is 2’s relative )

14 - 5 = _____
VES ( -10)
I
RELAT
Fill in the blank!
-1 = - 10 then +
-2 = - 10 then +
+1 Thumb Up, +4 Thumb Up -5 = -10 then + 5 ( 5 is 5‘s relative) -3 = - 10 then +
10 - 1 = _____ -4 = - 10 then +
-5 = - 10 then +
-6 = - 10 then +
-7 = - 10 then +
-8 = - 10 then +
-9 = - 10 then +
+1 Thumb Up -1 = -10 then + 9 ( 9 is 1’s relative )

11 - 9 = _____
ES ( -10)
IV
RELAT
Fill in the blank!
-1 = - then +
-2 = - then +
+1 Thumb Up on both columns -9 = -10 then + 1 (1 is 9’s relative) -3 = - then +
12 - 3 = _____ -4 = - then +
-5 = - then +
-6 = - then +
-7 = - then +
-8 = - then +
+1 on 10s’ column, +2 on 1s’ column -3= -10 then + 7( 7 is 3’s relative) -9 = - then +

12 - 4 = _____ -10)
IVES (
RELAT
Fill in the blank!
-3 = - then +
-2 = - then +
+1 Thumb Up, +2 Thumb Up -4 = -10 then + 6 ( 6 is 4’s relative) -8 = - then +
12 - 8 = _____ -9 = - then +
-5 = - then +
-7 = - then +
-1 = - then +
-4 = - then +
+1on 10s’ column, +2 on 1s’ column -8= -10 then +2 ( 2 is 8’s relative) -6 = - then +

Memorize, memorize, memorize! It will
Let’s r ev i ew our b asi c ab acus f or mula! train your brain to remember anything
easily! Build your MEMORY POWER!
W r i t e d ow n t he R EL A T I V ES R U L E W r i t e d ow n t he R EL A T I V ES R U L E
( - 1 0 ) f o r e ach n u m b e r o n t he l e f t ! ( - 1 0 ) f o r e ach n u m b e r o n t he l e f t !
-1 = - 10 then + 9 -3 = - 10 then + 7
-2 = - 10 then + 8 -4 = - 10 then + 6
-3 -2
-4 -7
-5 -9
-6 -5
-7 -2
-8 -1
-9 -3
-2 -8
-1 -1
-6 -6

This is absolutely the fastest way to
Let’s memor i ze our b asi c ab acus f or mula! remember basic rules, writing down each
formula until it is in the MEMORY!
W r i t e d ow n t he R EL A T I V ES R U L E W r i t e d ow n t he R EL A T I V ES R U L E
( - 1 0 ) f o r e ach n u m b e r o n t he l e f t ! ( - 1 0 ) f o r e ach n u m b e r o n t he l e f t !
-8 = - 10 then + 2 -2 = - 10 then + 8
-2 = - 10 then + 8 -4 = - 10 then + 6
-3 -8
-1 -7
-5 -9
-6 -5
-7 -4
-4 -3
-9 -5
-2 -6
-1 -1
-8 -4

Let’s tr y some pr ob lems that r equi r e S I MPLE, FR I EN DS & R ELA TI VES ( + 1 0 ) & ( - 1 0 ) !
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
7 6 4 7 8 9 8 9 8 4
8 2 8 8 4 6 5 5 5 7
-6 7 3 -9 -3 -7 2 2 4 6
9 -8 -7 4 1 8 -6 -7 -9 -8
I am su r e w i t h a li t t le mor e pr act i ce
an d t i me, I can han d le t hese n umb er s
as well as I han d le my v i oli n .
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
8 9 8 7 9 9 6 6 8 9
2 7 3 5 5 2 9 4 3 6
6 4 -2 6 6 -4 -7 -9 6 -7
-7 -8 6 -9 -8 8 5 8 -9 4

Let’s tr y mor e pr ob lems that r equi r e S I MPLE, FR I EN DS & R ELA TI VES ( + 1 0 ) & ( - 1 0 ) !
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
8 8 6 9 4 7 4 3 8 2
3 4 3 2 9 8 8 4 5 7
-2 -9 2 -7 7 -6 -3 5 3 3
6 7 -4 6 -2 2 7 -9 -7 -5
Whe n I pr act i ce mor e , e v e r yt hi n g

b e co m e s e asi e r . I l i k e i t !
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
9 4 7 8 3 8 6 4 7 6
7 5 9 4 4 2 9 6 4 5
-8 8 -8 -3 9 -1 -7 -3 -5 -2
3 -9 4 6 -7 7 8 5 3 8

H e r e y o u g o … .g e t t i n g f a s t e r n o w w i t h S I MPLE, FR I EN DS & R ELA TI VES ( + 1 0 ) & ( - 1 0 ) !
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
3 3 9 9 4 3 1 4 9 3
9 8 -2 8 5 9 1 6 6 1
-1 7 5 -9 8 -4 9 -7 -9 8
-5 -9 -9 -1 9 -5 -5 5 2 -9
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
4 9 3 4 2 4 6 8 6 1
6 5 8 6 8 6 9 9 2 2
-8 -4 3 1 -3 -1 3 3 2 9
-1 -8 6 -5 2 -1 5 6 -5 -3

A lr i ght … le t ’ s mak e i f e v e n f ast e r w i t h S I MPLE, FR I EN DS & R ELA TI VES ( + 1 0 ) & ( - 1 0 ) !
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
9 7 4 2 7 1 9 7 3 9
3 2 6 8 4 9 4 8 8 4
6 7 -4 7 -7 -7 6 5 -1 5
2 -9 -5 8 -3 6 3 7 -8 7
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
1 1 6 7 9 1 1 3 8 9
6 7 3 5 3 7 8 -1 8 -3
4 9 7 -2 -8 3 5 9 3 4
-5 -8 4 -5 -3 -7 9 -8 3 -9

Let’s tr y some pr ob lems that r equi r e S I MPLE, FR I EN DS & R ELA TI VES ( + 1 0 ) & ( - 1 0 ) !
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
8 8 8 7 9 8 7 9 9 1
2 3 -1 4 1 9 -6 -2 8 8
-9 -5 3 -8 5 3 9 8 2 3
6 3 -6 6 5 6 -2 -7 6 9
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
5 2 9 1 9 2 1 9 9 2
3 7 9 7 -3 6 9 3 -1 9
2 1 4 2 4 3 -2 5 4 -8
-6 -2 6 -9 -8 -4 -7 8 9 -1

Y e ah, l e t ’ s d o i t agai n ! S I MPLE, FR I EN DS & R ELA TI VES ( + 1 0 ) & ( - 1 0 ) !
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 2 6 3 1 4 1 9 1 1
2 9 9 8 7 6 2 7 9 8
7 -8 2 -3 2 -9 7 -9 -3 5
-5 5 8 -1 -5 2 -9 -2 2 6
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
4 6 9 6 7 9 9 8 7 1
5 2 6 9 2 -7 5 3 3 7
6 8 -9 -8 3 9 6 -5 -2 9
-7 5 -1 -6 -9 -5 6 -5 -2 4

You are going to be so proud
of your self with all the Let’s r ev i ew our b asi c ab acus f or mula!
formula in your mind already!
Wr i t e d ow n t he R EL A T I V ES R U L E Wr i t e d ow n t he R EL A T I V ES R U L E
( + 1 0 ) & ( - 1 0 ) f o r e ach n u m b e r o n t he l e f t ! ( + 1 0 ) & ( - 1 0 ) f o r e ach n u m b e r o n t he l e f t !
+4 = - 6 then + 10 -9 = - 10 then + 1
-3 = - 10 then + 7 +8 = - 2 then + 10
+6 -4
-1 +3
+7 -7
+5 -2
-4 +4
-8 -6
+9 +3
+1 -2
+2 -8
-5 +1

You are going to be so proud
of your self with all the Let’s r ev i ew our b asi c ab acus f or mula!
formula in your mind already!
Wr i t e d ow n t he R EL A T I V ES R U L E Wr i t e d ow n t he R EL A T I V ES R U L E
( + 1 0 ) & ( - ) f o r e ach n u m b e r o n t he l e f t ! ( + 1 0 ) & ( - 1 0 ) f o r e ach n u m b e r o n t he l e f t !
+3 = - 6 then + 10 -8 = - 10 then + 1
-2 = - 10 then + 7 +7 = - 2 then + 10
+5 -3
-9 +2
+6 -6
+4 -1
-3 +3
-7 -5
+8 +2
+2 -1
+1 -7
-4 +9

Let’s pr acti ce mor e pr ob lems that r equi r e S I MPLE, FR I EN DS & R ELA TI VES ( + 1 0 ) & ( - 1 0 ) !
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
6 4 9 3 3 7 5 7 4 9
9 2 8 8 4 9 5 -3 2 -7
5 5 -6 -5 -6 -7 6 4 5 8
-3 -2 -7 4 7 9 -4 5 -9 -4
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
9 5 4 8 6 3 6 5 4 9
7 5 2 8 -4 3 3 2 4 7
-5 6 9 -3 9 4 3 4 7 -2
-4 -7 -6 8 -2 -3 8 -5 -4 8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 6 5 2 7 8 5 9 5 2
7 3 4 7 5 4 5 2 5 7
7 5 7 1 -2 -2 3 5 7 6
-6 7 9 -8 -5 -2 -4 -7 -8 5
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
4 8 9 2 9 6 5 8 9 3
7 8 6 6 6 5 5 4 7 7
-8 9 5 5 5 9 -8 8 1 7
1 3 6 -4 9 7 6 3 5 3

Y ou ar e almost an e x pe r t n ow ! S I MPLE, FR I EN DS & R ELA TI VES ( + 1 0 ) & ( - 1 0 ) !
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
8 3 3 4 8 4 8 4 9 9
7 7 7 8 8 7 5 8 1 -1
-8 6 7 -3 3 -3 -4 8 8 5
-6 5 9 2 2 -7 -2 8 4 -4
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
9 4 2 9 9 4 4 1 5 8
-2 6 9 3 4 9 -1 3 5 4
8 -7 2 7 -3 9 7 6 5 2
-9 6 -9 9 -6 -1 -5 -3 -9 4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 7 2 8 5 9 9 3 3 5
9 5 2 4 4 -6 2 1 9 3
-2 -9 9 5 7 8 -9 7 -1 4
-6 1 7 4 9 -9 1 -4 -6 -8
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
4 2 1 2 7 9 4 4 9 8
6 9 9 9 3 4 8 7 -5 4
-9 -1 -5 2 6 -9 -9 -9 7 -9
2 -9 3 9 -9 -3 5 6 -2 5

THANK YOU!
Thank you for giving us the opportunity to introduce you the abacus math and we hope you
had fun and have built the love for pursuing the abacus math. Now, you can go back to each
worksheets and work on them using your imagination skill/mental power. Remember to keep
practicing, and if you need more practice, make sure you practice with the Abacus Explore
software and join Abacus Brain Gym’s Hall of Fame or purchase the complete Abacus Math
book at www.Amazon.com!
We at Abacus Brain Gym are so proud of your accomplishment!
Thank you for letting us help you build a strong foundation in math!
YOU ARE THE BEST!
2016 ⓒ Abacus Brain Gym, LLC

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Published January 2016

2016ⓒ Abacus Brain Gym, LLC

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We appreciate you and your child! You are the best!

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1. What are numbers?....................................................................................2

6. Friends + (Complement of +5)................................................................42

7. Friends - (Complement of -5)................................................................53

8. Applying Mental Power or Visualization .............................................68

9. Relatives + (Complement of +10)...........................................................83

10. Relatives - (Complement of -10).........................................................101

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Those who ca ive!

No Clue! Let me finish my banana....

LEARNING TIPS! I will go get some help.

• Set a GOAL (help you focus on your target)

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How do we represent NUMBERS in writing?

Hmh, I am wondering what

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I hope Ms. Abacus will give me some nice

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30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 1,000 10,000

30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 1,000 10,000

30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 1,000 10,000

Wow, my hands and my fingers are working so hard!

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Prof. Abacus asked me to bring

Ms. Abacus: I will then know how to divide my

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L et ’s Get t o k now t he Aba c us, “the co o lest toy y ou c an

Co ol C at g ot ex c it ed, “Oo h, W hat i s i t? A play ful

T hen M ig hty M ous e c on tinu ed , “ Oh, I kno w, we c an

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NOTE: Upper Beads

The Upper Bead is a special Lower Beads

Tips from Ms. Abacus:

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Eh!, Who just dropped this cheese

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hey....I didn’t drop the

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3 Lower Beads 4 Lower Beads

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Make your thumb and your

-1 -2 Remember to practice with

-1 Minus One Finger Down

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