GCE AS/A Level – NEW

2420U10-1420U50-1A S17-2420U101A

PHYSICS – Units 1 – 5
Data Booklet

A clean copy of this booklet should be issued to candidates for their use during each AS/A
level Physics examination.

Centres are asked to issue this booklet to candidates at the start of the course to enable them
to become familiar with its contents and layout.

242 0 U101A
01
Values and Conversions
Avogadro constant NA = 6·02 × 1023 mol–1
Fundamental electronic charge e = 1·60 × 10–19 C
Mass of an electron me = 9·11 × 10–31 kg
Molar gas constant R = 8·31 J mol–1 K–1
Acceleration due to gravity at sea level g = 9·81 m s–2
Gravitational field strength at sea level g = 9·81 N kg–1
Universal constant of gravitation G = 6·67 × 10–11 N m 2 kg–2
Planck constant h = 6·63 × 10–34 J s
Boltzmann constant k = 1·38 × 10–23 J K–1
Speed of light in vacuo c = 3·00 × 108 m s–1
Permittivity of free space εo = 8·85 × 10–12 F m–1
Permeability of free space μ o = 4� × 10–7 H m–1
Stefan constant σ = 5·67 × 10– 8 W m–2 K– 4
Wien constant W = 2·90 × 10–3 m K
Hubble constant H 0 = 2·20 × 10– 18 s–1

T/K = θ /°C + 273·15

1 parsec = 3.09 × 1016 m
1 u = 1·66 × 10–27 kg
1 eV = 1·60 × 10–19 J
1 ≈ 9.0 × 109 F –1 m
4 πε 0
© WJEC CBAC Ltd. JD*(S17-2420U10-1A)
 2

AS

ρ= m ∆Q
V I =
∆t
v = u + at I = nAve

x = 1 ( u + v )t R=V
2 I
2
x = ut + 1 at 2 P = IV = I 2 R = V
2 R
2 2 ρl
v = u + 2 ax R=
A
∑ F = ma V = E – Ir

V ⎡ VOUT ⎤ R
p = mv ⎢or V ⎥ = R
Vtotal
⎣ IN ⎦ total

W = Fx cosθ T = 1
f
∆E = mg∆h c = fλ
2 a∆y
E = 1 kx λ=
2 D
2
E = 1 mv d sinθ = nλ
2

Fx = 1 mv 2 – 1 mu2 n=c
2 2 v
P = W = ∆E n1v1 = n2v2
t t
useful energy transfer n1 sinθ1 = n2 sinθ2
efficiency = × 100%
total energy in
nput

F = kx n1 sinθC = n2

σ = F Ek max = hf – φ
A
ε= ∆l p= h
l λ
E=σ
ε
W = 1 Fx
2

λmax = W
T
P = AσT 4

leptons quarks

particle electron electron up down

neutrino
(symbol) (e –) (ve ) (u) (d)

charge 2 1
–1 0 + –
(e) 3 3
lepton
1 1 0 0
number

© WJEC CBAC Ltd. (2420U10-1A)

 3

A2

ε0A
ω=θ C=
t d

v = ωr E =V
d
a = ω 2r U = 1 QV
2
2 ⎛ – t ⎞
a=v Q = Q0 ⎜ 1 – e RC ⎟
r ⎝ ⎠
2 – t
F = mv Q = Q0 e RC
r

F = mω 2r F = 1 Q1Q2
4 πε 0 r 2
MM
a = –ω 2 x F = G 12 2
r
Q
x = A cos(ω t + ε ) E= 1 2
4 πε 0 r

T = 2π g = GM 2
ω

242 0 U101A
r
1 Q

03
v = – Aω sin(ω t + ε ) VE =
4 πε 0 r

1 Q1Q2
T = 2π m PE =
4 πε 0 r
k

T = 2π l Vg = – GM
g r
GM1M 2
pV = nRT and pV = NkT PE = –
r

p = 1 ρ c2 = 1 N mc2 W = qΔVE
3 3V
Mr
M / kg = W = mΔVg
1000

n = total mass Δλ = v
molar mass λ c
k= R v = H0 D
NA
3H 0 2
U = 3 nRT = 3 NkT ρc =
2 2 8 πG
M2
W = p∆V r1 = d
M1 + M2
3
∆U = Q – W T = 2π d
G(M1 + M2 )

Q = mc∆θ A = λN
Q N = N0e– λt
C=
V
© WJEC CBAC Ltd. (2420U10-1A) Turn over.
 4

A = A 0 e– λt F = Bqv sin θ
N0 µ0 I
N = x B=
2 2 πa
A0
A= B = µ0 nI
2x
1n
n22
λ=
T1 Φ = AB cos θ
22

E = mc 2 flux linkage = NΦ

F = BIl sin θ

OPTION A

flux linkage = BAN cos ω t XL = ω L

1
V = ω BAN sin ω t XC =
ωC
I0
I rms = Z= X 2 + R2
2
V
= 0 VL ⎛ Vc ⎞
Vrms Q= =
2 VR ⎜⎝ VR ⎟⎠
ω BAN ω0L
Vrms = Q=
2 R

OPTION B

I = I 0 e – µx f = 42.6 × 10 6 B
Z = cρ H = DWR
Δf 2v
= cosθ E = HWT
f0 c

© WJEC CBAC Ltd. (2420U10-1A)

 5

OPTION C

Ft = mv – mu τ = Iα
Relative speed after collision
e= L = Iω
Relative speed before collision
h
e= KE = 1 I ω 2
2
H
I = 2 mr 2 p = p0 – 1 ρv 2
5 2

I = 2 mr 2 FD = 1 ρv 2 AC D
3 2
ω 2 – ω1
α=
t

OPTION D

P ΔQ Δθ
I= = –AK
A Δt Δx
E = 1 Aρv 3 P = UAΔθ
2

© WJEC CBAC Ltd. (2420U10-1A) Turn over.

 6
Mathematical Information

SI multipliers

Multiple Prefix Symbol Multiple Prefix Symbol

–18 3
10 atto a 10 kilo k
10 –15 femto f 10 6 mega M
10 –12 pico p 10 9 giga G
10 –9 nano n 1012 tera T
10 –6 micro μ 1015 peta P
10 –3 milli m 1018 exa E
10 –2 centi c 1021 zetta Z

Areas and Volumes

2
�d 
Area of a circle = � r2 = Area of a triangle = 1 base × height
4 2

Solid Surface area Volume

rectangular block 2 (lh + hb + lb) lbh

cylinder 2� r (r + h) � r2 h

sphere 4� r2 4 � r3

    
3

Trigonometry
P

θ
R Q

PQ QR PQ sinθ
sinθ = , cosθ = , tanθ = , = tanθ
PR PR QR cosθ
PR 2 = PQ2 + QR 2

Logarithms (A2 only)

[Unless otherwise specified ‘log’ can be loge (i.e. ln) or log10.]

log (ab) = log a + log b

b ()
log a = log a – log b

log xn = n log x loge ekx = ln ekx = kx

loge 2 = ln 2 = 0·693
© WJEC CBAC Ltd. (2420U10-1A)
 7

BLANK PAGE

© WJEC CBAC Ltd. (2420U10-1A)