PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2

Quantitative Research

PREPARED BY

CRISTY L. SALINDONG
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Its main characteristics are:
•The data is usually gathered using
structured research instruments.

• The researcher has a clearly

defined research question to
which objective answers are
sought

•All aspects of the study are carefully

designed before data is collected.
 The results are based on larger sample sizes that are representative of the
population.

https://www.britannica.com/explore/savingearth/population

➢ The research study can usually be replicated or repeated, given its high
reliability.

•https://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/article/when-study-cant-be-replicated
Data are in the form of numbers and statistics, often arranged in tables, charts,
figures, or other non-textual forms.

https://www.statista.com/statistics/871513/worldwide-data-created/

•Project can be used to generalize concepts more widely, predict future

results, or investigate causal relationships.
 ➢ An intervening variable is also called a mediating
variable or intermediary variable.

➢ An intervening variable is a hypothetical variable

used to explain causal links between
other variables. Intervening variables cannot be
observed in an experiment (that’s why they are
hypothetical).

➢ For example, there is an association between

being poor and having a shorter life span.
Just because someone is poor doesn’t mean
that will lead to an early death, so other
hypothetical variables are used to explain the
phenomenon. These intervening variables
could include: lack of access to healthcare or
poor nutrition.
QUIZ ON VARIABLES ACCORDING TO RELATIONSHIP

Directions: Identify the independent and dependent variables in the following statements.

1) The more time people spend using social media, the less they read books.

➢ Independent Variable: Time on Social Media

➢ Dependent Variable: Less books read/ Number of books read

2) Drinking energy drinks makes people more aggressive.

➢ Independent Variable: Drinking energy drinks

➢ Dependent Variable: Aggressive behavior

3) Taking a nap in the afternoon makes people more focused for the rest of the
day.
 Independent Variable: Time spent napping in the afternoon
 Dependent Variable: Focus

4) Spending time with a family dog decreases the amount of stress someone is
feeling.
 Independent Variable: Spending time with a family dog
 Dependent Variable: Amount of stress someone is feeling.

5) Eating breakfast in the morning increases the ability to learn in school.

➢ Independent Variable: Eating breakfast

➢ Dependent Variable: Ability to learn

Try this!
 QUIZ ON VARIABLES ACCORDING TO RELATIONSHIP

Directions: Identify the independent and dependent variables in the following

statements.

1) Students watched a cartoon either alone or with others and then rated how funny
they found the cartoon to be.

2) A comprehension test was given to students after they had studied textbook
material either in silence or with the television turned on.

3) Some elementary school teachers were told that a child’s parents were college
graduates, and other teachers were told that the child’s parents had not finished
high school; they then rated the child’s grades.
 QUIZ ON VARIABLES ACCORDING TO RELATIONSHIP

Directions: Identify the independent and dependent variables in the following

statements.

4) Workers at a company were assigned to one of two conditions: One group

completed a stress management training program; another group of workers did not
participate in the training. The number of sick days taken by these workers was
examined for the next 2 months.

5) Students at a University were split into two groups and each received a different
text for a philosophy course. Once group received a traditional text book, while the
other received an interactive textbook on a tablet computer. After the course, the
final exam grades between the two groups of students was compared.
Did you get it right?
RESEARCH METHODS

https://www.slideshare.net/ToobaSalman/quantitative-research-56914253
Research methods and Research Designs

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/180636635024531917/
Before beginning your paper,
you need to decide how you
plan to design the study.
The research design refers to
the overall strategy that you
choose to integrate the
different components of the
study in a coherent and logical
way, thereby, ensuring you will
effectively address the
research problem; it
constitutes the blueprint for
the collection, measurement,
and analysis of data. Note that
your research problem
determines the type of design
you can use, not the other way
around!
 The function of a research design is to ensure that the evidence obtained
enables you to effectively address the research problem as unambiguously as
possible. In social sciences research, obtaining evidence relevant to the
research problem generally entails specifying the type of evidence needed
to test a theory, to evaluate a program, or to accurately describe a
phenomenon. However, researchers can often begin their investigations far
too early, before they have thought critically about about what information
is required to answer the study's research questions. Without attending to
these design issues beforehand, the conclusions drawn risk being weak and
unconvincing and, consequently, will fail to adequate address the overall
research problem.
Given this, the length and complexity of research designs can vary considerably,
but any sound design will do the following things:
 Identify the research problem clearly and justify its selection,
 Review previously published literature associated with the problem area,
 Clearly and explicitly specify hypotheses [i.e., research questions] central to the
problem selected,
 Effectively describe the data which will be necessary for an adequate test of the
hypotheses and explain how such data will be obtained, and
 Describe the methods of analysis which will be applied to the data in
determining whether or not the hypotheses are true or false.
DESCRIPTIVE CORRELATIONAL QUASI EXPERIMENTAL EXPERIMENTAL

QUASI EXPERIMENTAL
https://samples.jbpub.com/9780763780586/80586_CH03_Keele.pdf
The following are example of quantitative research topics. Can you identify the suited
research design for each of them?

1. Senior High School Perceptions on the use of face mask and face shields in eliminating
COVID 19 virus.
2.The effect of mobile phone usage on student learning.
3.How often do you buy mobile phones for fitness purposes?
4.Relationship between eyewitness testimony and memory.
5.How much would you be willing to pay for a men’s lifestyle magazine?
6.How regularly do you go province for a holiday?
7.The effect of using explicit teaching and differentiated teaching to the Mathematics
performance of senior high school students.
8.Difference between daily calorie intake between men and women in the United States.
1. DESCRIPTIVE 6. DESCRIPTIVE
2. QUASI EXPERIMENTAL 7. EXPERIMENTAL
3. DESCRIPTIVE
Click to view
4. CORRELATIONAL 8. CORRELATIONAL
ANSWERS
Thank you!
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 REFERENCES
 https://samples.jbpub.com/9780763780586/80586_CH03_Keele.pdf
 https://www.slideshare.net/ToobaSalman/quantitative-research-56914253
 https://library.sacredheart.edu/c.php?g=29803&p=185902
 https://www.iedunote.com/research-process
 https://www.statista.com/statistics/871513/worldwide-data-created/
 https://www.britannica.com/explore/savingearth/population
 https://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/article/when-study-cant-be-replicated
 https://www.slideshare.net/nheru/practical-research-2-quantitative-research-78146377
 https://www.unmc.edu/news.cfm?match=26058
 https://www.slideshare.net/nheru/practical-research-2-quantitative-research-78146377
Practical Research 2
Quarter 1 - Module 2
Identifying the Inquiry
and Stating the Problem
REQUIRED
ASSESSMENT
WRITING A RESEARCH TITLE
Tips in Writing a Background of the Study
code 2190 5291