Name: __________________________ Class: __________( ) Date: _______________

Book 3B Lesson Worksheet 7A (Refer to §7.2)

7.2A Properties of Parallelograms

(a) Definition of a parallelogram:

a quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel opposite sides

(b) Properties of parallelograms:

(i) The opposite sides of a parallelogram are equal. D C
i.e. In the figure, AB = DC and AD = BC.
[Reference: opp. sides of //gram]
A B

(ii) The opposite angles of a parallelogram are equal. D C

i.e. In the figure, A = C and B = D.
[Reference: opp. s of //gram]
A B

(iii) The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other. D C

i.e. In the figure, AE = EC and BE = ED.
[Reference: diagonals of //gram] E
A B

1. Fill in the blanks for each of the following parallelograms.

(a) D
(b) P S
C
48

4 T 9

A Q R
7 B
PTR and STQ are straight lines.
The opposite side of DC is ____.
The opposite angle of A is __. The diagonals PR and SQ bisect each other.
i.e. PT = ____ and ST = ____.

(c) E F (d) W 9 X
52 5 6

7 M
G Z Y
H 10

WMY and XMZ are straight lines.

© Oxford University Press 2017 Book 3B Lesson Worksheet 7A-1

 New Century Mathematics (2nd Edition)

Ex 7A 13
Example 1 Instant Drill 1 h
T
R
In the figure, ABCD is a parallelogram. In the figure, RUST is a
AC and BD intersect at E. Find the parallelogram. RS and h 2
D O
unknowns. A TU intersect at O. Find k
27
S
25 2y the unknowns. 3h 14
U
E
x
y+6 B C
Sol RT = ____ ( of //gram)

Sol DCB = DAB (opp. s of //gram)

h = ___________
x = 25 + 27 =
= 52
DE = EB (diagonals of //gram)
2y = y + 6
y=6

Find the unknowns in each of the following parallelograms. [Nos. 25]

2. P S 3. P S
x+y 2x 3
∵ PQ // SR
2x 10
T 9 ∴ Q + R
x + 34 y = ______
Q R Q R
PTR and QTS are straight lines.

4. D 5. A
D
p q C 2p 60
A
21 25 E AD // BC 3p
q B
B E
C
BEC is a straight line. CEB is a straight line.

© Oxford University Press 2017 Book 3B Lesson Worksheet 7A-2

 New Century Mathematics (2nd Edition)

Ex 7A 49

Example 2 Instant Drill 2

In the figure, PQRS is a parallelogram. In the figure, ABCD is a parallelogram. Find the
QTR is a straight line. Find the unknowns. A D
P S y
unknowns. y
x
△PQT is an 70
__________ triangle. x 112 B C
Q T R
Sol DAB = ______ (
)
Sol PTQ + 112 = 180 (adj. s on st. =
line) In △ABD,
PTQ = 68 ∵ BD = ____ ( )
In △PQT, ∴
∵ PQ = PT (given)
∴ PQT = PTQ (base s, isos.
△)
x = 68
S = Q (opp. s of //gram)
y=x
= 68

E F
6. In the figure, CEFG is a parallelogram. CGH and DEF are D
75
straight lines. Find x. x

C G H

Is △FGH isosceles?

Ex 7A 1012

7. In the figure, QTR is a straight line. PSRT is a parallelogram. P S

If PS = 9 cm and QR = 15 cm, find
(a) the length of PT,
Q T R
(b) the perimeter of quadrilateral PQRS.

© Oxford University Press 2017 Book 3B Lesson Worksheet 7A-3

 New Century Mathematics (2nd Edition)

Ex 7A 13, 14

7.2B Tests for Parallelograms

Conditions for identifying a parallelogram:

(a) Both pairs of opposite sides of a quadrilateral are equal. D C
i.e. In the figure, if AB = DC and AD = BC,
then ABCD is a parallelogram.
[Reference: opp. sides equal] A B

(b) Both pairs of opposite angles of a quadrilateral are equal. D C

i.e. In the figure, if A = C and B = D,
then ABCD is a parallelogram.
A B
[Reference: opp. s equal]

(c) The diagonals of a quadrilateral bisect each other. D C

i.e. In the figure, if AE = EC and BE = ED,
then ABCD is a parallelogram. E
[Reference: diags. bisect each other] A B

(d) One pair of opposite sides of a quadrilateral are equal D C

and parallel.
i.e. In the figure, if AB // DC and AB = DC,
then ABCD is a parallelogram. A B
[Reference: 2 sides equal and //]

8. Determine whether each of the following quadrilaterals must be a parallelogram. If yes, write
down the reasons.

© Oxford University Press 2017 Book 3B Lesson Worksheet 7A-4

 New Century Mathematics (2nd Edition)

(a) D (b) E 8 H
A
45
135

135
45
C F 8 G
B

 Yes, ____________________  Yes, ____________________

 No  No
(c) L 10 I (d) R S
12
6 6 8
12
8
K J T
10 U

 Yes, ____________________  Yes, ____________________

 No  No
(e) (f) P
K N
11 S
4
4 Q
11
L M R

 Yes, ____________________  Yes, ____________________

 No  No

Example 3 Instant Drill 3

In the figure, AC and BD intersect at E. Prove Refer to the figure. Prove that EFGH is a
that ABCD is a parallelogram. parallelogram.
A D E 4
7 H
6 3 3
6 E 7
B C F 4 G

Sol AE = EC = 7 given Sol EF = ____ = 3 given

BE = ED = 6 given EH = ____ = ____ given
∴ ABCD is a diags. bisect each ∴ ____________ ___________________
parallelogram. other ____________ ___________________

9. Refer to the figure. Prove that PQRS is a 10. Refer to the figure. Prove that ABCD is a
parallelogram. parallelogram.

© Oxford University Press 2017 Book 3B Lesson Worksheet 7A-5

 New Century Mathematics (2nd Edition)

P A D
100 10
S Is AB parallel to
80 10
80 133 DC?
Q 47
100 B C
R

11. In the figure, PST is a straight line. Prove that PQRS is P

a parallelogram.
Q S
T

R
We can also identify a
parallelogram by its
definition (see P.7A-1).

Ex 7A 15

Example 4 A x + 17
Instant Drill 4 P S
Refer to the figure. Refer to the figure. 104 2a + 6
D
(a) Find x. 113 (a) Find a.
(b) Prove that ABCD 113 (b) Prove that PQRS 104
3a 29
B Q R
is a parallelogram. 2x 33
is a parallelogram.
C
Sol (a) (x + 17) + = (4  2)  180 Sol (a) 104 + ( ) + = [( )  ( )] 

© Oxford University Press 2017 Book 3B Lesson Worksheet 7A-6

 New Century Mathematics (2nd Edition)

113 + ( )+( )
(2x  33) + 180
113
( sum of polygon) ( )
3x + 210 = 360 =
3x = 150
x = 50
(b) B = D = 113 given (b) P = __ = ____ given
A = x + 17 Q = 3a  29
= 50 + 17 from (a) =
= 67
C = 2x  33
= 2  50  33 from (a)
= 67
∴ A = C = 67
∴ ABCD is a opp. s equal

parallelogram.

12. In the figure, AC and BD intersect at E. A

(a) Find y. 29 20
(b) Prove that ABCD is a parallelogram. y 21
B D
E
20

Ex 7A 18, 19

 Level Up Questions

© Oxford University Press 2017 Book 3B Lesson Worksheet 7A-7

 New Century Mathematics (2nd Edition)

13. In the figure, AEB and DFC are straight lines. AEFD is A D
a parallelogram. Prove that ABCD is a parallelogram.
E F

B C
Note the difference
between the ‘properties’
and ‘conditions’ of
parallelograms.

14. Refer to the figure. A

(a) Prove that △BDA  △DBC.
(b) Hence, prove that ABCD is a parallelogram. B
D

© Oxford University Press 2017 Book 3B Lesson Worksheet 7A-8