JNCM2E QB 1B08L1 e

New Century Mathematics (Second Edition)
S1 Question Bank
1B Chapter 8 Introduction to Coordinates
Level 1
<bk=1B><ch=8><ex=8A><type=L1><mark=4>
[10158253]
Write down the x-coordinates of points A, B, C and D in the figure.

(4 marks)
Solution:
The x-coordinate of A is –2. 1A
The x-coordinate of B is 0. 1A
The x-coordinate of C is 1. 1A
The x-coordinate of D is 3. 1A
[10158265]
Write down the y-coordinate of each of the following points.
(a) E(1 , 5)
(b) F(–3 , –7)
(c) G(– 4 , 2)
(3 marks)
Solution:
(a) The y-coordinate of E is 5. 1A
(b) The y-coordinate of F is –7. 1A
(c) The y-coordinate of G is 2. 1A
© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2015 1B Chapter 8 Level 1 P.1

[10158293]
Write down the coordinates of points H, I, J and K in the figure.

(4 marks)
Solution:
The coordinates of H are (–6 , 4). 1A
The coordinates of I are (– 4 , –3). 1A
The coordinates of J are (3 , –1). 1A
The coordinates of K are (5 , 0). 1A
[10158303]
Write down the coordinates of points L, M and N in the figure.

(3 marks)
Solution:
The coordinates of L are (–2 , –1.5). 1A
The coordinates of M are (1 , 1.5). 1A
The coordinates of N are (1.5 , –0.5). 1A

[10158326]
Write down the coordinates of points P, Q and R in the figure, and the quadrants where they lie in.
(6 marks)
Solution:
The coordinates of P are (–30 , 10), and P lies in quadrant II. 1A+1A
The coordinates of Q are (5 , –24), and Q lies in quadrant IV. 1A+1A
The coordinates of R are (–17 , –16), and R lies in quadrant III. 1A+1A
[10158332]
In the rectangular coordinate plane above, which points are

(a) with y-coordinates equal to 1?
(b) with the same x-coordinate?
(3 marks)
Solution:
(a) A and B are points with y-coordinates equal to 1. 1A+1A
(b) Both the x-coordinates of B and D are –2.

∴ B and D are points with the same x-coordinate. 1A
[10158341]
The figure shows the map of an island. The positions of five places are marked on it.
(a) Write down the coordinates of the five places.
(b) Which place lies on
(i) the x-axis?
(ii) the y-axis?
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) The coordinates of the MTR station are (0 , 1.5). 1A
The coordinates of the shopping centre are (–1 , 1). 1A
The coordinates of the library are (–0.5 , 0). 1A
The coordinates of the estate are (0.5 , –0.5). 1A
The coordinates of the cinema are (–1.5 , –1.5). 1A
(b) (i) The library lies on the x-axis. 1A
(ii) The MTR station lies on the y-axis. 1A
[10158346]
The figure shows a map of a town.

(a) Write down the coordinates of the places P, Q, R, S, T and U.
(b) Which place has the least x-coordinate?
(c) Which place has the largest y-coordinate?
(8 marks)
Solution:
(a) The coordinates of P, Q, R, S, T and U are (5 , 10), (0 , –5), (–10 , –10), (–5 , 0), (15 , –10)
and
(–20 , 5) respectively. 1A+1A+1A+1A+1A+1A
(b) Place U has the least x-coordinate. 1A
(c) Place P has the largest y-coordinate. 1A
[10158348]
Consider the given points in the figure. How many of them

(a) lie(s) on the x-axis?
(b) lie(s) on the y-axis?
(c) lie(s) in quadrant II?
(d) lie(s) in quadrant III?
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) There is 1 point (J) lying on the x-axis. 1A
(b) There are 2 points (I and G) lying on the y-axis. 1A
(c) There are 2 points (F and H) lying in quadrant II. 1A
(d) There are 3 points (A, C and D) lying in quadrant III. 1A

[10158400]
Plot the following points in the given rectangular coordinate plane:
A(1 , 4), B(–3 , 3), C(3 , –2) and D(–6 , – 4).
(4 marks)
Solution:
1A+1A+1A+1A
[10158466]
(a) Plot the following points in a rectangular coordinate plane:
R(–3 , –2), S(1 , 1), T(3 , 2) and U(6 , 4).
(b) Which three points in (a) lie on the same straight line? Draw that line in the same rectangular
coordinate plane.
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a), (b)
1A+1A for plotting the points in (a)

1A for drawing the line in (b)

R, T and U lie on the same straight line. 1A

[10158511]
A(–5 , 3), B(–5 , –1), C(3 , –1), D(–1 , 3) and E(–1 , – 4).
(b) Draw lines AB, BC and DE. Which number is formed?
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a), (b)

1A for drawing the lines in (b)
A number ‘4’ is formed. 1A
[10158523]
V(–2 , 4), X(4 , 4), Y(4 , –1) and Z(–2 , –1).
(b) Join VX, XY, YZ and ZV. Which kind of quadrilateral is obtained?
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a), (b)

The quadrilateral obtained is a rectangle. 1A

[10158534]
P(1 , 3), Q(–2 , 3), R(1 , –2) and S(3 , –1).
(b) For each pair of points in (a), draw a line to join them up. Which line is parallel to
(i) the x-axis?
(ii) the y-axis?
(5 marks)
Solution:
(a), (b)

(i) PQ is parallel to the x-axis. 1A
(ii) PR is parallel to the y-axis. 1A
[10158588]
In each of the following, write down the coordinates of the point of intersection of the straight
lines and .
(a) (b)
(2 marks)
Solution:
(a) The coordinates of the point of intersection are (–2 , 2). 1A
(b) The coordinates of the point of intersection are (–3.5 , –1). 1A

[10158793]
In each of the following, write down the coordinates of the point of intersection of the straight line
and
(i) the x-axis,
(ii) the y-axis.
(a) (b)
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) (i) The coordinates of the point of intersection are (1 , 0). 1A
(ii) The coordinates of the point of intersection are (0 , 2). 1A
(b) (i) The coordinates of the point of intersection are (–3 , 0). 1A
(ii) The coordinates of the point of intersection are (0 , 1). 1A
[10158794]
The figure shows a map of an island. The positions of a temple, a statue, a garden and a pier are
represented by points P(–20 , –15), Q(5 , 10), R(–10 , –20) and S(10 , –5) respectively.
(a) Plot the points P, Q, R and S in the figure.

(b) It is known that a treasure chest is hidden at the point of intersection of the straight lines PS
and QR. What are the coordinates of the position of the treasure chest?
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a), (b)
1A+1A+1A
From the graph, the coordinates of the position of the treasure chest are (–5 , –10). 1A
<bk=1B><ch=8><ex=8B><type=L1><mark=3>
[10158795]
Find the length of each line segment in the figure.
(3 marks)
Solution:
AB = (6 – 2) units
= 4 units 1A
CD = [0 – (–2)] units
= 2 units 1A
EF = [4 – (–1)] units
= 5 units 1A

[10158873]
In the figure, ST and UV are horizontal lines while PQ is a vertical line. Find the lengths of PQ, ST
and UV.
(5 marks)
Solution:
PQ = [–6 – (–14)] units 1M
= 8 units 1A
ST = [18 – (–9)] units 1M
= 27 units 1A
UV = (29 – 13) units
= 16 units 1A
[10159013]
In the figure, MN is a horizontal line while PQ is a vertical line.
(a) Find the lengths of MN and PQ.

(b) Hence, determine which line segment is shorter, MN or PQ.
(5 marks)
Solution:
(a) MN = [2 – (–7)] units 1M
= 9 units 1A
PQ = (8 – 0) units 1M
= 8 units 1A

(b) ∵ 8 units < 9 units
∴ PQ is shorter. 1A
[10159038]
In the figure, MN is a horizontal line and PM  MN.
(a) Find the lengths of MN and PM.

(b) U and V are two points in the same coordinate plane. If UV = 2PM, is UV longer than MN?
Explain your answer.
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) MN = [4 – (–15)] units 1M
= 19 units 1A
PM = [3 – (–7)] units 1M
= 10 units 1A
(b) UV = 2  PM
= 2  10 units
= 20 units 1A
∵ 20 units > 19 units 1M
∴ UV is longer than MN. 1A
[10159091]
In the figure, PQ is a horizontal line. R is a point lying on PQ.
(a) Find the length of PQ.

(b) If RQ = 15 units, determine which line segment is shorter, PR or RQ.
(5 marks)
Solution:
(a) PQ = [–13 – (– 45)] units 1M
= 32 units 1A
(b) PR = PQ – RQ
= (32 – 15) units 1M
= 17 units 1A
∵ 15 units < 17 units
∴ RQ is shorter. 1A
[10159141]
For each of the following pairs of points,
(i) determine whether the line passing through them is horizontal or vertical,
(ii) calculate the distance between them.
(a) M(9 , –6), N(9 , 8)
(b) R(6 , – 4), S(13 , – 4)
(6 marks)
Solution:
(a) (i) ∵ M and N have the same x-coordinate.
∴ MN is a vertical line. 1A
(ii) Distance between M and N

= [8 – (–6)] units 1M
= 14 units 1A
(b) (i) ∵ R and S have the same y-coordinate.

∴ RS is a horizontal line. 1A
(ii) Distance between R and S

= (13 – 6) units 1M
= 7 units 1A
[10159159]
(a) In each of the following, find the distance between the two given points.
(i) E(14 , 1), F(–9 , 1)
(ii) G(–7 , –21), H(–7 , 0)
(b) Hence, determine which line segment is longer, EF or GH.
(5 marks)
Solution:
(a) (i) EF = [14 – (–9)] units 1M
= 23 units 1A
(ii) GH = [0 – (–21)] units 1M

= 21 units 1A
(b) ∵ 23 units > 21 units

∴ EF is longer. 1A
[10159214]
P(–10 , –8), Q(–2 , –8) and R(–10 , –1) are three points in a rectangular coordinate plane. Is PQ
longer than PR? Explain your answer.
(4 marks)
Solution:
PQ = [(–2) – (–10)] units 1M
= 8 units
PR = [(–1) – (–8)] units 1M
= 7 units
∴ PQ is longer than PR. 1A
[10159240]
Consider the points A(–9 , 8), B(3 , 8) and C(3 , 15). Which point, A or C, is farther away from B?
Explain your answer.
(4 marks)
Solution:
Distance between A and B
= [3 – (–9)] units 1M
= 12 units
Distance between B and C
= (15 – 8) units 1M
= 7 units
∴ The distance between A and B is greater than the distance between B and C.
i.e. A is farther away from B. 1A

[10159316]
The figure shows △MNP, where MN is horizontal and NP is vertical.

(a) Find the coordinates of N.
(b) Find MN and NP.
(c) Is △MNP an isosceles triangle? Explain your answer.
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) ∵ NP is a vertical line.
∴ x-coordinate of N = x-coordinate of P
= 22
∵ MN is a horizontal line.
∴ y-coordinate of N = y-coordinate of M
= 14
∴ The coordinates of N are (22 , 14). 1A
(b) MN = (22 – 9) units 1M

= 13 units 1A
NP = (14 – 1) units 1M
= 13 units 1A
(c) ∵ From (b), MN = NP. 1M

∴ △MNP is an isosceles triangle. 1A

[10159336]
The figure shows a path PQRSTU, where all the line segments are either horizontal or vertical.
Find the total length of the path.
(6 marks)
Solution:
PQ = [5 – (–7)] units = 12 units
QR = [12 – (–8)] units = 20 units
RS = [5 – (–3)] units = 8 units
1M+1M+2A
ST = (12 – 4) units = 8 units
TU = [2 – (–3)] units = 5 units
Total length of the path PQRSTU

= PQ + QR + RS + ST + TU
= (12 + 20 + 8 + 8 + 5) units 1M
= 53 units 1A
[10159346]
The figure shows a square ABCD, where BC is a vertical line. Find the perimeter of square ABCD.
(4 marks)
Solution:
BC = [1 – (– 4)] units 1M
= 5 units 1A
∴ Perimeter of square ABCD = BC  4
= 5  4 units 1M
= 20 units 1A
[10159375]
The figure shows a rectangle STUV. Find its perimeter.

(6 marks)
Solution:
ST = [2 – (– 4)] units 1M
= 6 units 1A
TU = [3 – (–2)] units 1M
= 5 units 1A
∴ Perimeter of rectangle STUV = (ST + TU)  2
= (6 + 5)  2 units 1M
= 22 units 1A
[10159648]
The figure shows △PQR, where PQ is horizontal and QR is vertical.

(a) Find the coordinates of Q.
(b) If PR = 26 units, find the perimeter of △PQR.
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) ∵ QR is a vertical line.
∴ x-coordinate of Q = x-coordinate of R
= 33
∵ PQ is a horizontal line.
∴ y-coordinate of Q = y-coordinate of P
= –7
∴ The coordinates of Q are (33 , –7). 1A
(b) PQ = (33 – 9) units 1M
= 24 units 1A
QR = [–7 – (–17)] units 1M
= 10 units 1A
∴ Perimeter of △PQR = PQ + QR + PR
= (24 + 10 + 26) units 1M
= 60 units 1A
[10159689]
The figure shows a rectangle DEFG, whose sides are either horizontal or vertical.
(a) Find the coordinates of E.
(b) Is DEFG a square? Explain your answer.
(c) Find the perimeter of rectangle DEFG.
(9 marks)
Solution:
(a) ∵ EF is a vertical line.
∴ x-coordinate of E = x-coordinate of F
=5
∵ DE is a horizontal line.
∴ y-coordinate of E = y-coordinate of D
=3
∴ The coordinates of E are (5 , 3). 1A
(b) DE = [5 – (–8)] units 1M

= 13 units 1A
EF = [3 – (– 4)] units 1M
= 7 units 1A
∵ DE  EF 1M
∴ DEFG is not a square. 1A

(c) Perimeter of rectangle DEFG
= (DE + EF)  2
= (13 + 7)  2 units 1M
= 40 units 1A
[10159723]
ABCD is a square in a rectangular coordinate plane. BC and AD are horizontal while BA and CD
are vertical. It is given that the coordinates of point A are (–1 , –2) and the coordinates of C are
(4 , 3).
(a) Find the coordinates of B.
(b) Find the perimeter of the square ABCD.
(5 marks)
Solution:
(a) ∵ BA is a vertical line.
∴ x-coordinate of B = x-coordinate of A
= –1
∵ BC is a horizontal line.
∴ y-coordinate of B = y-coordinate of C
=3
∴ The coordinates of B are (–1 , 3). 1A
(b) AB = [3  (2)] units 1M

= 5 units 1A
∴ Perimeter of square ABCD
= AB  4
= 5  4 units 1M
= 20 units 1A
[10159728]
Given that the distance between points M and N in the figure is 25 units, find the value of s.
(2 marks)

Solution:
∵ MN = 25 units
∴ s − 7 = 25 1M
s = 32 1A
[10159761]
The figure shows a horizontal line segment MN. P(u , –19) is a point lying on MN such that
MP = 18 units.
(a) Find the value of u.
(b) Which quadrant does P lie in? Explain your answer.
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) ∵ MP = 18 units
∴ u – (–15) = 18 1M
u=3 1A
(b) From (a), the coordinates of P are (3 , –19). 1M

∴ P lies in quadrant IV. 1A
[10159798]
In the figure, PQ is a vertical line. It is known that the length of PQ is 11 units. Find the
coordinates of Q.
(3 marks)

Solution:
∵ PQ is a vertical line.
∴ x-coordinate of Q = x-coordinate of P
= –8
Let v be the y-coordinate of Q.
∵ PQ = 11 units
∴ 6 – v = 11 1M
v = –5 1A
∴ The coordinates of Q are (–8 , –5). 1A
[10159824]
If the distance between E and F in the figure is 14 units, find the value of a.
(2 marks)
Solution:
∵ E and F have the same x-coordinate.
∴ EF is a vertical line.
∵ EF = 14 units
∴ (4a + 3) – (1 – 2a) = 14 1M
6a + 2 = 14
6a = 12
a=2 1A
[10159856]
The figure shows a right-angled isosceles triangle GOH and GO = OH. Find the value of a.

(4 marks)

Solution:
GO = [(4a – 11) – 0] units 1M
= (4a – 11) units
HO = [(31 – 3a) – 0] units 1M
= (31 – 3a) units
∵ GO = OH
∴ 4a – 11 = 31 – 3a 1M
7a = 42
a=6 1A
[10159858]
The figure shows a parallelogram ABCD. Find the coordinates of C.

(4 marks)
Solution:
∵ A and B have the same y-coordinate.
∴ AB is a horizontal line.
∵ ABCD is a parallelogram.
∴ CD is also a horizontal line and CD = AB. 1M
∴ y-coordinate of C = y-coordinate of D
=6
Let u be the x-coordinate of C.
∵ CD = AB
∴ u – 0 = 3 – (–5) 1M
u=8 1A
∴ The coordinates of C are (8 , 6). 1A

[10159885]
The figure shows a rectangle DEFG whose sides are either horizontal or vertical. Given that the
perimeter of rectangle DEFG is 42 units, find
(a) the length of DE,
(b) the length of EF,
(c) the coordinates of F.
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) DE = [4 – (–5)] units 1M
= 9 units 1A
(b) Let k units be the length of EF.

∵ Perimeter of rectangle DEFG = 42 units
(DE + EF)  2 = 42 units
(9 + k)  2 = 42 1M
9 + k = 21
k = 12
∴ The length of EF is 12 units. 1A
(c) ∵ EF is a vertical line.

∴ x-coordinate of F = x-coordinate of E
=4
Let v be the y-coordinate of F.
∵ EF = 12 units
∴ 9 – v = 12 1M
v = –3 1A
∴ The coordinates of F are (4 , –3). 1A

<bk=1B><ch=8><ex=8C><type=L1><mark=4>
[10159903]
The figure shows a rectangle PQRS.
(a) Find the lengths of PQ and QR.

(b) Find the area of rectangle PQRS.
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) PQ = [2 – (–7)] units = 9 units 1A
QR = (4 – 1) units = 3 units 1A
(b) Area of rectangle PQRS = PQ  QR

= 9  3 sq. units 1M
= 27 sq. units 1A
[10159904]
In the figure, P(1 , 5), Q(6 , 5), R(5 , 1) and S(0 , 1) are the vertices of parallelogram PQRS.
(a) Find the length of SR.
(b) Find the height of parallelogram PQRS with respect to the base SR.
(c) Hence, calculate the area of parallelogram PQRS.
(5 marks)
Solution:
(a) SR = (5 – 0) units
= 5 units 1A

(b)
With the notations in the figure, the coordinates of N are (1 , 1). 1A

Height of parallelogram PQRS with base SR
= PN
= (5 – 1) units
= 4 units 1A
(c) Area of parallelogram PQRS

= SR  PN
= 20 sq. units 1A
[10159987]
The figure shows △ABC.

(a) Find the length of CB.
(b) Find the height of △ABC with respect to the base CB.
(c) Hence, calculate the area of △ABC.
(5 marks)
Solution:
(a) CB = (4 – 1) units
= 3 units 1A

(b)
With the notations in the figure, the coordinates of N are (–3 , –3). 1A
Height of △ABC with base CB
= AN
= [5 – (–3)] units
= 8 units 1A
(c) Area of △ABC
= sq. units 1M
= 12 sq. units 1A
[10160009]
Find the area of △PQR in the figure.

(4 marks)

Solution:
With the notations in the figure, the coordinates of H are (–8 , – 4). 1A
PR = [4 – (–7)] units = 11 units 1M
QH = [5 – (– 4)] units = 9 units
Area of △PQR
=  PR  QH
=  11  9 sq. units 1M
= 49.5 sq. units 1A
[10160017]
Find the area of trapezium VXYZ in the figure.

(4 marks)
Solution:
With the notations in the figure, the coordinates of U are (– 4 , 4). 1A

VX = (4 – 1) units = 3 units 1M
ZY = [6 – (–2)] units = 8 units
VU = [4 – (– 4)] units = 8 units
Area of trapezium VXYZ =
=  (3 + 8)  8 sq. units 1M
= 44 sq. units 1A
[10160029]
Find the area of each of the following figures.
(a) (b)
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) AB = [(– 4) – (–14)] units = 10 units 1M
Area of square ABCD = AB2
= 102 sq. units 1M
= 100 sq. units 1A
(b)
With the notations in the figure, the coordinates of N are (0 , –6). 1A

PO = (5 – 0) units = 5 units 1M
RN = (10 – 0) units = 10 units

Area of parallelogram PQRO = PO  RN
= 5  10 sq. units 1M
= 50 sq. units 1A

[10160044]
In the figure, B is a point lying on the x-axis. Find the area of △OAB.
(4 marks)
Solution:
The coordinates of B are (5 , 0). 1A
OB = (5 – 0) units = 5 units 1M
AB = (4 – 0) units = 4 units
Area of △OAB =  OB  AB
=  5  4 sq. units 1M
= 10 sq. units 1A
[10160081]
The figure shows a rectangle ABCD, where AB is horizontal and AD is vertical.

(a) Write down the coordinates of A.
(b) Find the area of rectangle ABCD.
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) The coordinates of A are (–11 , 1). 1A
(b) AB = [1 – (–11)] units = 12 units 1M

AD = [1 – (–6)] units = 7 units
Area of rectangle ABCD = AB  AD
= 12  7 sq. units 1M
= 84 sq. units 1A

[10160101]
(a) Draw the quadrilateral ABCD with vertices A(1 , 5), B(6 , 5), C(6 , 2) and D(1 , 2) in a
rectangular coordinate plane.
(b) Find the area of quadrilateral ABCD.
(5 marks)
Solution:
(a)
1A+1A
(b) AB = (6  1) units = 5 units 1M

AD = (5  2) units = 3 units
Area of quadrilateral ABCD = AB  AD
= 15 sq. units 1A
[10160143]
Find the area of pentagon ABCDE in the figure.
(8 marks)
Solution:

With the notations in the figure, the coordinates of P are (0 , –2). 1A
CD = [2 – (–2)] units = 4 units 1M
BP = [5 – (–2)] units = 7 units
DP = [0 – (–6)] units = 6 units
Area of trapezium BCDP =
= sq. units 1M
= 33 sq. units 1A
PE = (2 – 0) units = 2 units
Area of rectangle ABPE = BP  PE
= 14 sq. units 1A
∴ Area of pentagon ABCDE
= area of trapezium BCDP + area of rectangle ABPE
= (33 + 14) sq. units 1M
= 47 sq. units 1A
[10160170]
Find the area of polygon DEFGHI in the figure.
(6 marks)
Solution:
DE = [(–1) – (–7)] units = 6 units
DF = [5 – (–3)] units = 8 units 1M
Area of △DEF =
= sq. units 1M
= 24 sq. units 1A
IG = [3 – (–1)] units = 4 units
IH = [(– 4) – (–7)] units = 3 units

Area of △GHI =
= sq. units
= 6 sq. units 1A
∴ Area of polygon DEFGHI
= area of △DEF – area of △GHI
= (24 – 6) sq. units 1M
= 18 sq. units 1A
[10160191]
The figure shows a rectangle DEFG, whose sides are either horizontal or vertical.
It is given that the perimeter of rectangle DEFG is 34 units.

(a) Find the lengths of DE and EF.
(b) Find the area of rectangle DEFG.
(5 marks)
Solution:
(a) DE = [5 – (–8)] units
= 13 units 1A
Let k units be the length of EF.
∵ Perimeter of rectangle DEFG = 34 units
∴ (DE + EF)  2 = 34 units
(13 + k)  2 = 34 1M
13 + k = 17
k=4
∴ The length of EF is 4 units. 1A
(b) Area of rectangle DEFG = DE  EF

= 13  4 sq. units 1M
= 52 sq. units 1A

[10160230]
Given that the area of trapezium ABCD in the figure is 49 sq. units, find the value of p.
(3 marks)
Solution:
AD = (6 – p) units 1M
BC = [6 – (– 4)] units = 10 units
AB = [(–2) – (–9)] units = 7 units
∵ Area of trapezium ABCD = 49 sq. units
∴ = 49 sq. units
= 49
1M
16 – p = 14
p=2 1A
[10160239]
Given that the area of △PQR in the figure is 216 sq. units, find the coordinates of Q.
(4 marks)

Solution:
With the notations in the figure, the coordinates of N are (6 , 0). 1A

Let (t , 0) be the coordinates of Q.
QN = (6 – t) units 1M
PR = [15 – (–9)] units = 24 units
∵ Area of △PQR = 216 sq. units
∴ = 216 sq. units
= 216 1M
6 – t = 18
t = –12
∴ The coordinates of Q are (–12 , 0). 1A
[10160299]
In the figure, AC is a vertical line and AB is a horizontal line. It is given that D is a point on AC
such that the area of △DAB is 12 sq. units. Which quadrant does D lie in? Explain your answer.
(5 marks)
Solution:
∵ D lies on the vertical line AC.
∴ x-coordinate of D = x-coordinate of C
=2
Let u be the y-coordinate of D.
DA = [u – (–2)] units = (u + 2) units 1M
AB = (10 – 2) units = 8 units
∵ Area of △DAB = 12 sq. units
∴ = 12 sq. units
= 12 1M
u+2=3
u=1 1A
∴ The coordinates of D are (2 , 1). 1A
∴ D lies in quadrant I. 1A
[10160376]
The figure shows a trapezium ABCD, where AB and CD are horizontal. If the area of the trapezium
is 56 sq. units, find the coordinates of A.
(7 marks)
Solution:
With the notations in the figure, the coordinates of E are (1 , 5). 1A

EC = [5 – (–2)] units = 7 units 1M
DC = [1 – (– 4)] units = 5 units
Let k units be the length of AB.
∵ Area of trapezium ABCD = 56 sq. units
∴ = 56 sq. units
 (5 + k)  7 = 56 1M
5 + k = 16
k = 11 1A
∴ The length of AB is 11 units.

∵ AB is a horizontal line.
∴ y-coordinate of A = y-coordinate of B
=5
Let p be the x-coordinate of A.
∵ AB = 11 units
∴ 3 – p = 11 1M
p = –8 1A
∴ The coordinates of A are (–8 , 5). 1A
<bk=1B><ch=8><ex=8D><type=L1><mark=5>
[10160388]
Write down the polar coordinates of A, B, C, D and E in the polar coordinate plane above.
(5 marks)
Solution:
The polar coordinates of A, B, C, D and E are (5 , 120), (4 , 60), (6 , 350), (3 , 290) and
(2 , 220) respectively. 1A+1A+1A+1A+1A
[10160406]
The figure shows a polar coordinate plane.
Find the lengths of OP, OQ and OR.

(3 marks)

Solution:
OP = 4 units 1A
OQ = 3 units 1A
OR = 5 units 1A
[10160424]
The figure shows five points P, Q, R, S and T in a polar coordinate plane.
(a) Write down all the polar coordinates of P, Q, R, S and T.

(b) (i) Which point is closest to the pole O?
(ii) Which point is farthest from the pole O?
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) The polar coordinates of P, Q, R, S and T are (2 , 40), (5 , 100), (4 , 160), (3 , 250) and
(4 , 310) respectively. 1A+1A+1A+1A+1A
(b) (i) P is closest to the pole O. 1A
(ii) Q is farthest away from the pole O. 1A

[10160435]
(a) Plot the points D(5 , 60), E(5 , 140), F(3 , 280) and G(6 , 100) in the figure.
(b) Draw the line segments DE and FG in the figure. Which line segment does O lie on, DE or
FG?
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a), (b)

From the figure, O lies on FG. 1A
[10160455]

(a) Plot the points A(4 , 100), B(4 , 170), C(4 , 280) and D(4 , 350) in the figure.
(b) By observation, which kind of quadrilateral is ABCD?
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a), (b)

1M for drawing the quadrilateral in (b)
By observation, ABCD is a rectangle. 1A
[10160463]
(a) Plot the two points A(5 , 70) and B(5 , 140) in the polar coordinate plane as shown.
(b) Join OA, OB and AB. Which type of triangle is obtained? Explain your answer.
(5 marks)
Solution:

(a), (b)

∵ OA = OB = 5 units 1M
∴ △OAB is an isosceles triangle.
i.e. An isosceles triangle is obtained. 1A
[10160498]
Tom wants to withdraw some money from an automated teller machine. The figure below shows a
polar coordinate plane taking Tom’s position as the pole O. There are two automated teller
machines Q and R near Tom and their polar coordinates are (3 , 210) and (4 , 330) respectively.
(a) Mark the positions of Q and R in the figure.

(b) Which automated teller machine is closer to Tom? How much closer to Tom is this machine
than the other one?
(5 marks)
Solution:

(a)
1A+1A
(b) Machine Q is closer to Tom. 1A

The required distance = OR – OQ
= (4 – 3) unit 1M
= 1 unit 1A

[10160526]
(a) Plot the four points P(2 , 150), Q(3 , 30), R(5 , 290) and S(4 , 250) in the polar coordinate
plane as shown.
(b) Which point is farthest away from the pole O? Explain your answer.
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a)
1A+1A
(b) ∵ 5 units > 4 units > 3 units > 2 units 1M

∴ OR > OS > OQ > OP
i.e. R is farthest away from the pole O. 1A

[10160617]
(a) Plot the points P(6 , 210), Q(5 , 330) and R(2 , 80) in the figure.
(b) Find POQ and ROQ.
(6 marks)
Solution:
(a)
1A+1A
(b) POQ = reflex XOQ – reflex XOP

= 330 – 210 1M
= 120 1A
ROQ = XOR + XOQ
= 80 + (360 – 330) 1M
= 110 1A

[10160623]
(a) Plot the points D(4 , 250), E(2 , 110) and F(5 , 340) in the figure.
(b) Among the line segments OD, OE and OF, which two of them are perpendicular to each
other?
(5 marks)
Solution:
(a)
1A+1A
(b) DOF = reflex XOF – reflex XOD

= 340 – 250 1M
= 90 1A
∴ OD and OF are perpendicular to each other. 1M
[10160687]
Write down the x-coordinate of each of the following points.
(a) A(–3 , 2) (b) B(3 , –2)
(c) C(2 , 3) (d) D(–2 , –3)
(4 marks)

Solution:
(a) The x-coordinate of A is –3. 1A
(b) The x-coordinate of B is 3. 1A
(c) The x-coordinate of C is 2. 1A
(d) The x-coordinate of D is –2. 1A
[10160706]
Write down the y-coordinates of points P and Q in the following figure.
(2 marks)
Solution:
The y-coordinate of P is 2. 1A
The y-coordinate of Q is 2. 1A
[10160725]
Write down the coordinates of points A, B, C, D and E in the following figure.
(5 marks)
Solution:
The coordinates of A, B, C, D and E are (3 , 3), (1 , –3), (–2 , 2), (– 4 , 0) and (–3 , –2) respectively.
1A+1A+1A+1A+1A

[10160748]
(a)
Plot the following points in the rectangular coordinate plane above:

P(– 4 , 3), Q(1 , 6), R(3 , 3) and S(1 , 0).
(b) Join PQ, QR, RS and SP. Determine whether the quadrilateral PQRS is a parallelogram by
observation.
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a), (b)

By observation, the quadrilateral obtained is not a parallelogram. 1A
[10160970]
In each of the following, write down the coordinates of the point of intersection of the straight
lines and .
(a) (b)
(2 marks)

Solution:
(a) The coordinates of the point of intersection are (3 , 3). 1A
(b) The coordinates of the point of intersection are (0 , 2). 1A
[10161002]
For each of the following pairs of points, calculate the distance between them.
(a) A(0 , 10), B(0 , –11)
(b) M(–5 , 9), N(–5 , –7)
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) AB = [10 – (–11)] units 1M
= 21 units 1A
(b) MN = [9 – (–7)] units 1M

= 16 units 1A
[10161022]
For each of the following pairs of points, calculate the distance between them.
(a) P(8 , 4), Q(–14 , 4)
(b) S(–18 , –9), T(–7 , –9)
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) PQ = [8 – (–14)] units 1M
= 22 units 1A
(b) ST = [(–7) – (–18)] units 1M

= 11 units 1A

[10161053]
In the figure, a tortoise moves from A to E via B, C and D in order. Find the total length of the
tortoise’s path.
(6 marks)
Solution:
AB = [6 – (–10)] units = 16 units
BC = [10 – (–3)] units = 13 units
CD = [6 – (–6)] units = 12 units 1M+1M+2A
DE = [3 – (–3)] units = 6 units
Total length of the tortoise’s path

= AB + BC + CD + DE
= (16 + 13 + 12 + 6) units 1M
= 47 units 1A
[10161060]
Find the perimeter of the shaded region in the figure.
(6 marks)

Solution:
AB = LK = [–1 – (–3)] units = 2 units
EF = HG = (6 – 4) units = 2 units
BC = ED = (5 – 2) units = 3 units
CD = JI = [4 – (–1)] units = 5 units 1M+1M+2A
JK = IH = [–1 – (–6)] units = 5 units
AL = FG = [5 – (–6)] units = 11 units
Perimeter of the shaded region

= AB  2 + EF  2 + BC  2 + CD  2 + JK  2 + AL  2
= (2  2 + 2  2 + 3  2 + 5  2 + 5  2 + 11  2) units 1M
= 56 units 1A
[10161116]
The figure shows a square ABCD, where AB is horizontal and BC is vertical.
(a) Find the coordinates of B.

(b) Find the perimeter of square ABCD.
(5 marks)
Solution:
(a) ∵ BC is a vertical line.
∴ x-coordinate of B = x-coordinate of C
=9
∵ AB is a horizontal line.
∴ y-coordinate of B = y-coordinate of A
=6
∴ The coordinates of B are (9 , 6). 1A
(b) AB = (9 – 1) units 1M
= 8 units 1A
Perimeter of square ABCD = AB  4
= 8  4 units 1M

= 32 units 1A

[10161132]
Given that the distance between two points M(–m + 2 , 3) and N(3m + 5 , 3) in the figure is
23 units, find the value of m.
(2 marks)
Solution:
∵ MN = 23 units
∴ (3m + 5) – (–m + 2) = 23 1M
4m + 3 = 23
4m = 20
m=5 1A
[10161167]
Find the area of trapezium ABCD in the figure.
(4 marks)
Solution:
With the notations in the figure, the coordinates of E are (–6 , –2). 1A
AB = [(–1) – (–6)] units = 5 units 1M
DC = [3 – (–8)] units = 11 units
AE = [5 – (–2)] units = 7 units

Area of trapezium ABCD =
= sq. units 1M
= 56 sq. units 1A
[10161287]
Find the area of polygon IJKLMN in the figure.
(7 marks)
Solution:
With the notations in the figure, the coordinates of H are (1 , – 4). 1A

LM = [5 – (– 4)] units = 9 units 1M
LK = [1 – (–5)] units = 6 units
Area of rectangle LKHM = LM  LK
= 54 sq. units 1A
IN = [1 – (– 4)] units = 5 units
JI = (4 – 1) units = 3 units
Area of rectangle JINH = IN  JI
= 5  3 sq. units
= 15 sq. units 1A
Area of polygon IJKLMN = area of rectangle LKHM + area of rectangle JINH
= (54 + 15) sq. units 1M
= 69 sq. units 1A

[10161324]
(a) Draw the parallelogram ABCD with vertices A(–6 , 7), B(4 , 7), C(6 , –1) and D(– 4 , –1) in a
rectangular coordinate plane.
(b) Find the area of parallelogram ABCD.
(6 marks)
Solution:
(a), (b)
1A+1A
With the notations in the figure, the coordinates of H are (4 , –1). 1A

DC = [6 – (– 4)] units = 10 units 1M
BH = [7 – (–1)] units = 8 units
Area of parallelogram ABCD = DC  BH
= 10  8 sq. units 1M
= 80 sq. units 1A
[10161350]
Draw △PQR with vertices P(6 , – 4), Q(6 , 7) and R(–2 , 5) in a rectangular coordinate plane.
Hence, find the area of △PQR.
(6 marks)
Solution:
1A+1A

With the notations in the figure, the coordinates of H are (6 , 5). 1A
PQ = [7 – (– 4)] units = 11 units 1M
RH = [6 – (–2)] units = 8 units
Area of △PQR =
= sq. units 1M
= 44 sq. units 1A

[10161377]
It is given that the area of rectangle STUV in the figure is 216 sq. units.
(a) Find the length of TU.
(b) Find the coordinates of U and V.
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) Since S and T have the same y-coordinate, ST is a horizontal line.
∴ ST = [8 – (–10)] units = 18 units 1M
Let k units be the length of TU.
∵ Area of rectangle STUV = 216 sq. units
∴ ST  TU = 216 sq. units
18  k = 216 1M
k = 12
∴ The length of TU is 12 units. 1A
(b) Since STUV is a rectangle, TU  ST.

∴ TU is a vertical line. 1M
∴ x-coordinate of U = x-coordinate of T
=8
Let v be the y-coordinate of U.
∵ TU = 12 units
∴ 8 – v = 12 1M
v = –4
∴ The coordinates of U are (8 , – 4). 1A
∵ SV is a vertical line and VU is a horizontal line.
∴ x-coordinate of V = x-coordinate of S
= –10
y-coordinate of V = y-coordinate of U
= –4
∴ The coordinates of V are (–10 , – 4). 1A

[10161422]
(a) Write down the polar coordinates of points P, Q and R in the figure.
(b) Find ∠POQ and ∠POR.
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) The polar coordinates of P, Q and R are (4 , 90), (4 , 200) and (3 , 340) respectively.
1A+1A+1A
(b) ∠POQ = reflex ∠XOQ – ∠XOP

= 200 – 90 1M
= 110 1A
∠POR = ∠XOP + ∠XOR
= 90 + (360 – 340) 1M
= 110 1A

[10161520]
(a) Plot the following points in the given polar coordinate plane:
A(5 , 0), B(3 , 60) and C(2 , 180).
(b) Which point is closest to the pole O? Explain your answer.
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a)
1A+1A
(b) ∵ 2 units < 3 units < 5 units 1A

i.e. OC < OB < OA
∴ C is closest to O. 1A

[10161524]
(a) Plot the following points in the given polar coordinate plane:
A(5 , 60), B(3 , 170), C(2 , 230) and D(6 , 310).
(b) Which angle is larger, ∠AOB or ∠COD? Explain your answer.
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a)
1A+1A
(b) ∠AOB = ∠XOB – ∠XOA

= 170 – 60 1M
= 110 1A
∠COD = reflex ∠XOD – reflex ∠XOC
= 310 – 230
= 80 1A
∵ 110 > 80 1M
∴ ∠AOB is larger. 1A

[10161542]
(a) Plot the points S(5 , 110), T(3 , 290) and U(3 , 70) in the polar coordinate plane as shown.
(b) Which two points and the pole O lie on the same straight line? Explain your answer.
(5 marks)
Solution:
(a)
1A+1A
(b) ∠SOT = reflex ∠XOT – ∠XOS

= 290 – 110 1M
= 180 1A
∴ S, T and O lie on the same straight line. 1A

JNCM2E QB 1B08L1 e

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New Century Mathematics (Second Edition)

Write down the x-coordinates of points A, B, C and D in the figure.

(b) The y-coordinate of F is –7. 1A

(c) The y-coordinate of G is 2. 1A

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2015 1B Chapter 8 Level 1 P.1

Write down the coordinates of points H, I, J and K in the figure.

Write down the coordinates of points L, M and N in the figure.

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2015 1B Chapter 8 Level 1 P.2

In the rectangular coordinate plane above, which points are

(b) Both the x-coordinates of B and D are –2.

(b) (i) The library lies on the x-axis. 1A

(ii) The MTR station lies on the y-axis. 1A

The figure shows a map of a town.

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2015 1B Chapter 8 Level 1 P.4

(b) Place U has the least x-coordinate. 1A

(c) Place P has the largest y-coordinate. 1A

Consider the given points in the figure. How many of them

(b) There are 2 points (I and G) lying on the y-axis. 1A

(c) There are 2 points (F and H) lying in quadrant II. 1A

(d) There are 3 points (A, C and D) lying in quadrant III. 1A

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2015 1B Chapter 8 Level 1 P.5

1A+1A for plotting the points in (a)

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2015 1B Chapter 8 Level 1 P.6

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2015 1B Chapter 8 Level 1 P.7

1A+1A for plotting the points in (a)

A number ‘4’ is formed. 1A

1A+1A for plotting the points in (a)

The quadrilateral obtained is a rectangle. 1A

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2015 1B Chapter 8 Level 1 P.8

1A+1A for plotting the points in (a)

(i) PQ is parallel to the x-axis. 1A

(ii) PR is parallel to the y-axis. 1A

(b) The coordinates of the point of intersection are (–3.5 , –1). 1A

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2015 1B Chapter 8 Level 1 P.9

(ii) The coordinates of the point of intersection are (0 , 2). 1A

(ii) The coordinates of the point of intersection are (0 , 1). 1A

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2015 1B Chapter 8 Level 1 P.11

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2015 1B Chapter 8 Level 1 P.13

(a) Find the lengths of MN and PQ.

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2015 1B Chapter 8 Level 1 P.14

(a) Find the lengths of MN and PM.

(a) Find the length of PQ.

(ii) Distance between M and N

(b) (i) ∵ R and S have the same y-coordinate.

(ii) Distance between R and S

(ii) GH = [0 – (–21)] units 1M

(b) ∵ 23 units > 21 units

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2015 1B Chapter 8 Level 1 P.17

The figure shows △MNP, where MN is horizontal and NP is vertical.

(b) MN = (22 – 9) units 1M

(c) ∵ From (b), MN = NP. 1M

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2015 1B Chapter 8 Level 1 P.18

Total length of the path PQRSTU

The figure shows a rectangle STUV. Find its perimeter.

The figure shows △PQR, where PQ is horizontal and QR is vertical.

(b) DE = [5 – (–8)] units 1M

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2015 1B Chapter 8 Level 1 P.22

(b) AB = [3  (2)] units 1M

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2015 1B Chapter 8 Level 1 P.23

(b) From (a), the coordinates of P are (3 , –19). 1M

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2015 1B Chapter 8 Level 1 P.24

© OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2015 1B Chapter 8 Level 1 P.25