8/12/23, 7:11 AM ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCES: SODIUM AND POTASSIUM

ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCES: SODIUM

AND POTASSIUM
Total points 10/10

SESSION 16

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STUDENT NAME (LAST NAME, FIRST NAME) *

MIRALLES, MICHELLE

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1. A client's kidneys are retaining increased amounts of sodium. The *1/1

nurse plans care, anticipating that the kidneys also are retaining greater
amounts of which substances?

A. Calcium and Chloride

B. Chloride and bicarbonate

C. Potassium and Phosphates

D. Aluminum and magnesium

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2. The nurse is preparing to care for a client with a potassium deficit. The *1/1
nurse reviews the client's record and determines that the client was at risk
for developing the potassium deficit because of which situation?

A. Sustained tissue damage

B. Requires Nasogastric suction

C. Has a history of Addison's disease

D. Is taking a potassium-retaining diuretic

3. A nurse is planning care for a client with hypokalemia. Which *1/1

interventions should be included in the plan of care? Select all that apply.

A. Ensure adequate fluid intake.

B. Implement safety measures to prevent falls

C. Encourage low fiber foods to prevent diarrhea.

D. Instruct the client about foods that contain potassium.

E. Encourage the client to obtain assistance to ambulate.

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4. The nurse is caring for a client with heart failure who is receiving high *1/1
doses of a diuretic. On assessment, the nurse notes that the client has flat
neck veins, generalized muscle weakness, and diminished deep tendon
reflexes. The nurse suspects hyponatremia. What additional signs would
the nurse expect to note in a client with hyponatremia?

A. Muscle twitches

B. Decreased Urinary output

C. Hyperactive bowel sounds

D. Increased specific gravity of the urine

5. A patient prescribed spironolactone is demonstrating ECG changes & *1/1

complaining of muscle weakness. The nurse realizes this patient is
exhibiting signs of which of the following.

A. hyperkalemia

B. hypokalemia

C. hypercalcemia

D. hypocalcemia

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6. The nurse is planning care for a patient with fluid volume overload & *1/1
hyponatremia. Which of the following should be included in this patient's
plan of care?

A. Restrict fluids.

B. Administer intravenous fluids.

C. Provide Kayexalate.

D. Administer intravenous normal saline with furosemide

7. A patient is prescribed 20 mEq of potassium chloride. The nurse *1/1

realizes that the reason the patient is receiving this replacement is

A. to sustain respiratory function.

B. to help regulate acid-base balance.

C. to keep a vein open.

D. to encourage urine output.

8. A patient with fluid retention related to renal problems is admitted to *1/1

the hospital. The nurse realizes that this patient could possibly have
which of the following electrolyte imbalances?

A. hypokalemia

B. hypernatremia

C. carbon dioxide

D. magnesium

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9. An elderly patient comes into the clinic with the complaint of watery *1/1
diarrhea for several days with abdominal & muscle cramping. The nurse
realizes that this pt is demonstrating which of the following?

A. hypernatremia

B. hyponatremia

C. fluid volume excess

D. hyperkalemia

10. A patient is admitted with hypernatremia caused by being stranded on *1/1

a boat in the Atlantic Ocean for five days without a fresh water source.
Which of the following is this patient at risk for developing?

A. pulmonary edema

B. atrial dysrhythmias

C. cerebral bleeding

D. stress fractures

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