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5. 百分法 (Using percentages) » 齊齊溫 https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths/using-per...

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5. 百分法 (Using percentages) (https://www.study-together.com/edu) > 初中園地 (https://www.stu

5.1 基本知識

• 既然叫得做「百分數」或「百分法」,佢就係將1分成100,每1份叫「一個百分點」(1%)
所以, 1 = 100%;
• 化小數為百分數時,可將小數點向右移2個位,然後加上「%」符號;
例: 0.12 = 12%
◦ 也可以諗作將個小數乘100後加上%符號。
• 化百分數為小數時,可將小數點向左移2個位,並把「%」符號消去;
例: 2.5% = 0.025
◦ 也可以諗作將個百分數除100後唔要%符號。

5.2 詞彙

提及百分數嘅時候,成日都會見以下嘅詞語:

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5. 百分法 (Using percentages) » 齊齊溫 https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths/using-per...
◦ 原值:original value
原值係指一個數最初時候嘅數值。
◦ 增值/減值:value increased / decreased
上面提到一個數最初時候嘅數值。既然有最初,咁即係講個數之後係變咗。而個數實際幾變咗幾
多就係佢嘅「增值」/「減值」。
▪ 例:當100變成114嘅時候,增值係14。
◦ 分數增加 / 減少:percentage increased / decreased
除咗直接講個數變大/變細咗幾多,我地亦可以利用百分法嚟代示個數改變咗幾多。
▪ 例:100減少15%時會變成85。
◦ 新值:new value
新值係指個數經過改變後嘅數值。

喺做百分數嘅買賣文字題時,我地又會經常見以下嘅詞語:

◦ 成本:cost
成本係指高人要用幾多錢先可製造或攞到一件貨品嚟賣。
◦ 標價:marked price
標價係指件貨品最初mark嘅售價。即我地平日講嘅「原價」。
◦ 折扣:discount
比標價平咗幾多賣出貨品。
◦ 折扣百分數:discount percentage
特價時以幾多折售出貨品。
◦ 售價:selling price
售價後最終嘅以幾多錢賣出件貨品。
◦ 盈利:profit
賣出貨品時賺到幾多錢。
◦ 虧蝕:loss
賣出貨品時蝕到幾多錢。

5.3 重要公式

喺理解百分法嘅時候,最簡單嘅方法就係想像自己去買嘢或賣嘢。

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5. 百分法 (Using percentages) » 齊齊溫 https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths/using-per...
1. 增值 = 新值–原值
減值 = 原值-新值
增值
2. 百分數增加 =
原值
減值
百分數減少 =
原值
3. 新值 = 原值 × (1 + 增加%)或
新值 = 原值 × (1–減少%)

如果心水清,大家應會發現上面嘅公式可以分成”增加”嘅式同”減少”嘅式。佢地基本上係一樣,只係我地喺
計算改變值嘅時候,要「大」減「細」。即

◦ 例1:80增加到95。
新值95比原值80大,所以
增值 = 95 – 80 = 15
◦ 例2:120減少至105
原值120比新值103大,所以
減值 = 120 – 103 = 17

而買賣相關嘅公式主要包括:

1. 折扣 = 標價–售價
折扣
2. 折扣% = × 100%
標價
3. 盈利 = 售價–成本
4. 虧蝕 = 成本–售價
5. 售價 = 標價 × (1–折扣%)
6. 售價 = 成本 × (1 + 盈利%)

正如「增值、減值」係相關嘅,「盈利、虧蝕」其實都係相關嘅,一個係賣嘢時賺咗幾錢,一個係賣嘢時
蝕咗幾錢。

另一樣要提嘅嘢就係售價,上面提到售價有兩條式。
 多項式 (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths/polynomials/)
◦ 公式5係講緊特價嘅時候,售價係點按折扣%嚟計嘅。
◦ 公式6係講緊商人如果想賺取一個盈利%嘅時候,個標價應該點計出嚟。
近似值與估算  (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths/approximate-values-
estimation/)

中一數學【目錄】

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5. 百分法 (Using percentages) » 齊齊溫 https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths/using-per...

1. 有向數 (Directed Numbers) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths/directed-


numbers/)

2. 代數式和方程式 (Algebraic Expressions & Equations) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary


/form1_maths/algebraic-expressions-equations/)

3. 指數及進制 (Laws of integral indices) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths


/laws-of-integral-indices/)

4. 多項式 (Polynomials) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths/polynomials/)

5. 百分法 (Using percentages) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths/using-


percentages/)

6. 近似值與估算 (Approximate values & estimation) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary


/form1_maths/approximate-values-estimation/)

7. 幾何簡介 (Introduction to Geometry) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths


/introduction-to-geometry/)

8. 對稱及變換 (Symmetry and Transformation) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary


/form1_maths/symmetry-and-transformation/)

9. 全等及相似 (Congruence and Similarity) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary


/form1_maths/congruence-and-similarity/)

10. 量度方面的估計 (Estimation in measurements) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary


/form1_maths/estimation-in-measurements/)

11. 面積及體積 (Area and Volume) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths/area-


and-volume/)

12. 坐標簡介 (Introduction to Coordinates) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary


/form1_maths/introduction-to-coordinates/)

13. 統計簡介 (Introduction to Statistics) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths


/introduction-to-statistics/)

*** 初中試卷 *** (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/exam_papers/ssgc_maths/)

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5. 百分法 (Using percentages) » 齊齊溫 https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths/using-per...

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