7

TLE-STE
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Computer Science I
Basic PC Operations

Understanding the Computer

and its Basic Parts
TLE-STE Grade 7 (Computer Science I)
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Understanding the Computer and its Basic Parts

First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

JUNIOR HS MODULE DEVELOPMENT TEAM

Author : Rafael F. Santos

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 7
TLE
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Computer Science I
Basic PC Operations

Understanding the Computer

and its Basic Parts
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each

SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you
need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of
the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check
your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you
will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can
best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part
of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And
read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulties in answering
the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.

ii CO_Q1_TLE-STE 7-ComSci_ Module 1

 What I Need to Know

In the twenty-first century, computing is an essential element of daily life. Computers

have revolutionized the way we work and live, from music and photography to
banking and communication. Basic computer knowledge and abilities will give you
the confidence and capacity to assist others with their requirements, such as
providing them with data and information stored on the computer or in a network.

Through this course, you will learn the different types of computers, discuss the
components of a computer, explore the concepts of operating systems, and
demonstrate how to utilize a mouse and keyboard. Furthermore, it will provide you
with the necessary computer abilities required in all fields of work.
Lesson 1: Understanding Computers
After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. identify what is a computer;

2. classify the different types of computers;
3. familiarize yourself with the basic parts of a computer; and
4. understand the functions of the basic parts of a computer.

1 CO_Q1_TLE-STE 7-ComSci_ Module 1

 What I Know

Directions: True or False. Write T if the statement is correct and F if it is

wrong. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

__________1. A computer is an electronic device used to manipulate data or

information.
__________2. Hardware is any set of instructions that tells the hardware
what to do and how to do it.
__________3. Computers come only in one shape and size.
__________4. Laptops are battery-powered computers that are more
portable than desktops.
__________5. Smartphones are example of specialized computers.

Lesson

1 Understanding Computers

A computer is an electronic device used to manipulate data or information. It can

store, retrieve and process information. You may already be aware that a computer
may be used to type documents, send email, play games and surf the Internet. It also
allows you to edit and create spreadsheets, presentations and movies.

What’s In

Directions: Rearrange the following jumbled letters to form the correct terms
related with the lesson. Write the words on your answer sheet.
1. RHADAWRE = _______________
2. DEKTSOP = _______________
3. PESRONLA COPEMUTR = _______________
4. OLAPTP = _______________
5. TLABTE = _______________

2 CO_Q1_TLE-STE 7-ComSci_ Module 1

 Notes to the Teacher
This module equips the learner with knowledge and skills in
understanding the computer and its basic parts.

What’s New

Directions: FOUR PICS. ONE WORD. Try to guess the word that the pictures
below are trying to convey. Write it down on your answer sheet.

C R

3 CO_Q1_TLE-STE 7-ComSci_ Module 1

 What is It?

Let's talk about the two elements that all computers have in common:
hardware and software, before we get into the different types of computers.

• Any portion of your computer with a physical structure, such as the

keyboard or mouse, is referred to as hardware. It also contains all of
the computer's internal components, as shown in the image below.

• Any set of instructions that tells the hardware what to do and how to
do it is referred to as software. Web browsers, gaming, and word
processors are examples of software.

Hardware and software will play a role in everything you do on your

computer. For example, you may be watching this course in a web browser
(software) and clicking from page to page using your mouse (hardware). As
you learn more about different types of computers, consider the hardware
differences. You'll notice as you go through this class that different types of
computers employ different sorts of software.

Different Types of Computers

Most people think of a personal computer, such as a desktop or a laptop,
when they hear the word computer. Computers, on the other hand, come in
a variety of shapes and sizes, and they serve a variety of purposes in our
daily lives. You're using a type of computer when you use an ATM, scan
groceries at the store, or use a calculator.

Desktop computers are

used by everyone at work,
at home and in education.
Desktop computers are
made up of a few separate
pieces, including the
computer casing, monitor,
keyboard and mouse, and
https://turbofuture.com/computers/Buying-Your-First-Desktop- are designed to be placed
Computer on a desk.

4 CO_Q1_TLE-STE 7-ComSci_ Module 1

 A laptop computer, often
known as a laptop, is the
second type of computer
you may be familiar with.
Laptops are battery-
powered computers that
are smaller and lighter
than desktop computers,
http://www.differencebetween.net/technology/difference-between- allowing them to be used
desktop-and-laptop/
practically anywhere.
Tablets are handheld,
more portable, computers
than laptops. Tablets use a
touch sensitive screen
instead of the keyboard
and the mouse to type and
https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/surface-
navigate. An example of a
pro-7-review-tablet-works-as-an-efficient- tablet is the iPad.
laptop/articleshow/76216011.cms

A server is a computer
which provides information
to other network
computers. For instance,
you look at something
saved on a server whenever
you use the internet. Many
companies also employ
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-illustration/computer-servers- local file servers for
74493523
internally storing and
sharing files.

Other Types of Computers

Many of our electronics nowadays, though we don't necessarily think of them
like such, are essentially specialized computers. Some common examples are
provided here.

Smartphones: Many cellphones can

perform many of the same functions
as computers, such as browsing the
Internet and playing games. They are
frequently referred to as
smartphones.
https://medium.com/ipg-media-lab/smartphone-
market-reaches-plateau-whats-next-for-mobile-
11c51eeb668c

5 CO_Q1_TLE-STE 7-ComSci_ Module 1

 Wearables: The phrase "wearable
technology" refers to a category of
gadgets, such as fitness trackers and
smartwatches, that are designed to
be worn throughout the day. These
devices are commonly referred to as
wearables.
https://www.businessinsider.com/wearable-
technology-healthcare-medical-devices

Game consoles: A game console is a

sort of computer that is used to play
video games on your television.

https://www.commonsensemedia.org/blog/whats-the-
best-game-console-for-kids

Smart TV: Many televisions now

https://www.tomsguide.com/news/tcl-smart-tv-
security-flaws
come with applications—or apps—
that allow you to access various
forms of web entertainment. You
can, for example, stream video from
the Internet directly to your
television.

PCs and Macs

There are two types of personal computers: PC and Mac. Both are totally
functioning, but they have a distinct look and feel that many people prefer.

PC

https://www.hp.com/us-en/shop/tech-takes/final-battle-gaming-laptop-vs-desktop-rig
The first computer of this type was the IBM PC, which was debuted in 1981.
Other companies began producing comparable machines, dubbed IBM PC
Compatible (often shortened to PC). This is the most common type of personal
computer nowadays, and it usually comes with the Microsoft Windows
operating system.

6 CO_Q1_TLE-STE 7-ComSci_ Module 1

Mac

https://www.macrumors.com/how-to/change-mac-computer-name/
In 1984, Apple debuted the Macintosh computer, which was the first widely
sold personal computer with a graphical user interface, or GUI (pronounced
gooey). Apple is the only firm that makes Macs and the Mac OS X operating
system is virtually always used.

What’s More

Directions: Classify what type of computer is being used in each image below.
Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. ________________________ 2. ________________________

3. ________________________ 4. ________________________

7 CO_Q1_TLE-STE 7-ComSci_ Module 1

 5. ________________________

What I Have Learned

Directions: Answer the following questions. Use a separate sheet of in writing

your answer.
A. Enumerate at least 5 types of computers.
1. ___________________
2. ___________________
3. ___________________
4. ___________________
5. ___________________
B. (2 points) What is the difference between hardware and software?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

What I Can Do

Let us now apply what you have learned from this lesson!
Directions: Draw the computer(s) you have at home on a short piece of bond
paper. Then, tell what kind of computer it is. To add some creativity, you can
utilize coloring materials.

8 CO_Q1_TLE-STE 7-ComSci_ Module 1

 My drawing

Type of Computer: _____________________________

Name:
Date: Section:

Scoring Rubric for the Activity

Criteria Percentage Score Total Score
The drawing looks similar
40
to what was observed.
The drawing is accurately
30
labeled.
The output is neat and
30
presentable.

Assessment

Directions: Directions: Fill in the blanks with the missing word/s. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1. A ________ is a computer that serves up information to other computers
on a network.
2. Many ________ now come with applications—or apps—that allow you to
access various forms of web entertainment.
3. ________ computers are used by everyone at work, at home, and in
education.
4. ________ is the only firm that makes Macs, and the Mac OS X operating
system is virtually always used.

9 CO_Q1_TLE-STE 7-ComSci_ Module 1

 5. ________ use a touch sensitive screen instead of the keyboard and the
mouse to type and navigate.

Lesson

2 Basic Parts of a Computer

After being familiarized with the different types of computers, let us now
proceed to the basic parts of a computer.

The computer casing, monitor, keyboard, mouse and power cable are the
essential components of a desktop computer. When using a computer, each
part plays a crucial role. In this lesson, you will be familiarized with the basic
parts of a computer and their functions.

What’s In

Directions: Rearrange the jumbled letters in each number to form the correct
word. Use a separate sheet of paper in writing your answer.

1. DESTOPK
2. SREVER
3. TABELT
4. PLAPTO
5. COMTPURE

What’s New

Directions: Watch the video in the link provided below and answer the
following question. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Computer Basics: Basic Parts of a Computer

Link: https://youtu.be/mLgTnkw558w

10 CO_Q1_TLE-STE 7-ComSci_ Module 1

Question: What are the basic parts of a computer based on the video?
Enumerate your answers on your paper.

What is It

Basic Parts of a Computer

Computer Case

https://whatinpc.com/knowledge-base/pc-case-sizes

The computer case is the metal and plastic box containing the major
components of the computer, including the motherboard, CPU and power
supply. An On/Off switch and one or more optical drives are commonly found
on the front of the case.

Cases for computers come in many different designs and sizes. The monitor
is commonly placed on top of a desktop casing, which is flat on the desk. A
tower case is tall and sits on the floor or next to the monitor. Internal
components are incorporated into the monitor on all-in-one computers,
removing the need for a separate case.

Monitor

https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-27-inch-monitor/

11 CO_Q1_TLE-STE 7-ComSci_ Module 1

The monitor displays images and text on the screen with the help of a video
card, which is housed inside the computer case. Most monitors include
control buttons for changing the display settings and some monitors also have
built-in speakers.

LCD (liquid crystal display) or LED (light-emitting diode) displays are common
in newer monitors. Flat-panel displays are a type of display that may be made
very thin. CRT (cathode ray tube) displays are used in older monitors. CRT
monitors are significantly larger and heavier than LCD monitors, and they
take up significantly more desk space.

Keyboard

https://www.amazon.com/V7-Standard-Full-Size-Resistant-KC0A1-4N6P/dp/B005Y0G9ME

One of the most common ways to communicate with a computer is through

the keyboard. It is the essential device used to enter text. A keyboard normally
has keys for individual letters, numbers and special characters, as well as
keys for specific operations. There are many various types of keyboards, but
the most of them are relatively similar and allow you to perform the same
fundamental functions.

Mouse

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_mouse

Another useful tool for connecting with computers is the mouse. It is

commonly referred to as a pointing device since it allows you to point at
objects on the screen, click on them, and move them.

There are two basic mouse types: optical and mechanical. The optical mouse
uses an electronic eye to detect movement and is easier to clean. The

12 CO_Q1_TLE-STE 7-ComSci_ Module 1

mechanical mouse utilizes a rolling ball to detect movement and requires
regular cleaning to perform properly.

It is possible for other devices to do the same as a mouse. Many people find it
easier to use and also take less space for the desk than a traditional mouse.
Below are the most frequent mouse options.

Trackball: A trackball has a

rotating ball. You may roll the
ball with your thumb and move
the pointer instead of moving
the gadget like a mouse.

https://www.bhphotovideo.com/c/product/1618378-
REG/logitech_910_005869_ergo_m575_wireless_trackball.html

A touchpad is a touch-sensitive
pad that enables you
manipulate the pointer by
moving the drawing finger. It is
also known as a trackpad. On
laptop computers, touchpads
are widespread.
https://www.minitool.com/news/fix-touchpad-not-working-
windows-10-009.html

Speakers

https://www.logitech.com/en-us/products/speakers/z333-speaker-system-subwoofer.980-
001203.html

The purpose of speakers, regardless of their design, is to provide audio output

that the listener can hear. Speakers are electromagnetic wave transducers
that transform electromagnetic waves into sound waves. A device, such as a
computer or an audio receiver, provides audio input to the speakers.

13 CO_Q1_TLE-STE 7-ComSci_ Module 1

UPS

https://www.wingswept.com/uninterruptible-power-supply-beeping/
Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) devices keep computer systems and IT
equipment safe and operable during power surges and breakdowns. When the
flow of electricity dips to an insufficient voltage or ceases, an Uninterruptible
Power Supply (UPS) provides battery backup power.

What’s More

Direction: Name the following computer peripherals on your answer sheet.

1.____________________ 2. ____________________

3. ____________________ 4. ____________________

5. ____________________

14 CO_Q1_TLE-STE 7-ComSci_ Module 1

 What I Have Learned

Directions: Identify the appropriate term by providing the missing letters in

each number. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. M U S E

2. S P E K E

3. T O U H P A D

4. M O I O R

5. C M P U T E R S E

What I Can Do

Let us now apply what you have learned in this lesson!

Directions: In your own words, give the function of each part of the computer.
Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. KEYBOARD
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. UPS
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. MOUSE
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
4. SPEAKER
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
5. COMPUTER CASE
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

15 CO_Q1_TLE-STE 7-ComSci_ Module 1

 Assessment

Great Job! Let us now have your evaluation for your mastery of learning.
Direction: True or False. On your answer sheet, write True if the statement is
correct and False if it is wrong.

________1. The computer case is the metal and plastic box that contains the
main components of the computer.
________2. Most monitors have control buttons that allow you to change your
monitor's display settings.
________3. The keyboard is one of the main ways to communicate with a
phone.
________4. Touchpads are common on laptop computers.
________5. Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) devices keep computer
systems and IT equipment safe and operable during power surges and
breakdowns.

Additional Activities

Excellent! You’re almost done with your module.

Directions: Using what you have learned in this lesson, draw a desktop
computer setup on a piece of short bond paper and label the parts. You may
look in the internet for reference.

16 CO_Q1_TLE-STE 7-ComSci_ Module 1

References

https://www.comms-express.com/infozone/article/different-types-of
ups/#:~:text=An%20Uninterruptible%20Power%20Supply%20(UPS,vol
tage%2C%20or%20if%20it%20stops.&text=When%20electricity%20flo
ws%20adequately%2C%20computers,an%20entire%20data%20centre
%20effectively

https://edu.gcfglobal.org/en/computerbasics/basic-parts-of-a-
computer/1/

https://edu.gcfglobal.org/en/computerbasics/what-is-a-computer/1/

https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/detail/2851

https://techterms.com/definition/speakers

https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/operation#:~:text=There%20are%2
0five%20basic%20types,of%20performing%20simple%20mathematical
%20operations.

https://www.besteducation.online/2021/03/basic-computer-fundamentals-
for-new.html

https://brainly.ph/question/8812950

https://www.coursehero.com/file/95324216/01docx/

17 CO_Q1_TLE-STE 7-ComSci_ Module 1

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region III,

Schools Division of Bataan - Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resources Management and Development Section (LRMDS)

Provincial Capitol Compound, Balanga City, Bataan

Telefax: (047) 237-2102

Email Address: bataan@deped.gov.ph

18 CO_Q1_TLE-STE 7-ComSci_ Module 1