myF - 03

,izaKk; kpd;dQ;rYk;
Mrpupau; v];.Kusp BIT
TP: 0776361414
 ,izak; mwpKfk;
• ,izak; vd;why; vd;d?
,izak; vdg;gLtJ
cynfq;fpYk; cs;s fzpdp
tiyaikg;Gf;fspd;
Nru;f;ifahFk;.

cyf r%fj;jtUld; kpf tpiuthfj; jftw; njhlu;ghliy

Nkw;nfhs;sj;jf;f top Kiwahf ,izak;
mikag;ngw;Ws;sJ.

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 2

• ,izag; gad;ghl;bd; fhuzkhf ,d;W KO cyfKk;
g+Nfhs fpuhkhf khwpAs;sJ.
• ,izaj;jpwF ; jdp cupikahsu; fpilahJ.

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 3

,izar; rq;fk; - The Internet Society

• ,izar; rq;fk; (The Internet Society (ISOC)

mnkupf;fhtpidj; jskhff; nfhz;L 1992 ,y;
cUthf;fg;gl;l ,yhg Nehf;fw;w epWtdk; MFk;.
• ,jd; %ykhf ,izag; gad;ghL njhlu;ghd
eilKiwfs;> nfhs;iffs; kw;Wk; ,izaj;
njhopw;ghl;bw;fhd nrk;ikelg;G tof;F (protocol)
Mfpad njhlu;ghd eltbf;ifs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;L
tUfpd;wd.

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 4

 ,izak; - RUf;f tuyhW
• cyfpd; KjyhtJ ,izak; ARPANET MFk;.
• ,J 1969 k; Mz;L mnkupf;f ghJfhg;G
mikr;rpdhy; cUthfg;gl;lJ.
• 1971 ,y; Nua; nuhk;ypd;rd; vd;gtuhy; Kjd;
Kjyhf kpd;dQ;ry; cUthf;fg;gl;lJ.

ARPA - Advanced Research Projects Agency

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 5
 URL - rPu;ik ts ,lg;gLj;jp
• URL vd;gjd; tpupthf;fk; Uniform Resource
LocatorMFk;.
• URL vd;why; vd;d?
– tiyf; flg;gplq;fspYs;s (websites) cs;s
tsq;fisj; jdpj;Jtkhf ,dq;fhz rPui ; k ts
,lg;gLj;jp cjTfpd;wJ.
– tsq;fsfhtd:
• ghlq;fs;> glq;fs;> Mtzq;fs;> xypf; Nfhg;Gf;fs;> fhnzhsp

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 6

 URL

ftdpf;f: URL xd;W HTTP ,ypUe;J tUk;.

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 7

 rpy URL fs;
• http://www.nie.lk/pdffiles/tg/e11syl149.pdf
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m9En_ipTzto
• https://www.facebook.com/ictbymurali

fy;tpj;JiwAld; rhu;e;j rpy URLfs;

• http://www.moe.gov.lk - fy;tp mikr;R

• http://www.nie.lk - Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;
• http://www.doenets.lk - ,yq;if guPli ; rfs; jpizf;fsk;
• http://www.edupub.gov.lk – fy;tp ntspaPl;Lj; jpizf;fsk;
• http://www.e-thaksalawa.moe.gov.lk/ - The National e-
Learning Portal for General Education.

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 8

 HTTP
kPghl khw;W nrk;ik tof;F
• HTTP ,d; tpupthf;fk; Hypertext Transfer Protocol.
• Hypertext vd;gJ kPapizg;Gf;fisf; nfhz;l ciufs;
MFk;.
• Protocol vd;gJ nrk;ik tof;F. (set of rules and
guidelines)
• cyfshtpa tiy %ykhf fzpdpfSf;fpilNa
jtfy;fisg; gupkhw;wpf; nfhs;s tbtikf;fg;gl;l Xu; nrk;ik
tof;Nf “kPghl khw;W nrk;ik tof;F” HTTP MFk;.
• ,q;F gupkhw;wg;gLk; jfty;fshf Mtzq;fs;> glq;fs;
my;yJ tPbNahf;fs; fhzg;glyhk;.

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 9

 IP Address
,izar; nrk;ik elg;nghOq;F Kftup
• IP Address ,d; tpupthf;fk; “Internet Protocol address.”
• IP Kftup vd;gJ ,izaj;jpy; ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;s rhjdk;
xd;wpid (tiyaikg;Gr; rhjdk;) milahsq;fhzg;;
gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;w vz; gpujpepjpj;Jtk; MFk;.
• Xu; IP address MdJ ,izaj;jpy; ,ize;js;s Xu; rhjdj;ij
my;yJ tiyaikg;ig jdpj;Jtkhf milahsk; fhz;fpd;wJ.

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 10

 IP Address njhlu;r;rp..
• IP address ehd;F jrkg; ngWkhdq;fis Rl;b
epw;fpd;wJ.
c-k;: 172.64.85.42
193.213.78.154
• ,g; ngWkhdk; 0 ,ypUe;J 255 tiu
fhzg;gLtJld; jrkg; Gs;spapdhy; Ntwhf;fg;gLk;.
• ,e;j ,yf;fkply; Kiw jrkf; Fwpg;Gg; Gs;spaply;
(Dotted Decimal Notation) vdg;gLk;

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 11

 IP Address njhlu;r;rp..
• IP Kftupfs; ,uz;L tifg;gLk;.
– Public IP Address
– Private IP Address
• Public IP Kftupfs; ,izar; Nrit
toq;Feupdhy; (Internet Service Provider – ISP)
,dhy; jug;gLfpdw; d.
• ,iza kw;Wk; kpd;dQ;ry; Nritfis toq;Fk;
epWtdq;fNs ISP vd miog;gu;.
• ,jw;fhf me;j epWtdq;fs; fl;lzq;fis mwtpLtu;.
ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 12
IP Address njhlu;r;rp..

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 13

 Private IP Kftupia fzpdpfSf;F
toq;Fjy;
• Windows 10 fzpdpfspy;
Start  Settings 
Network & Internet 
Change Adapter Options
nghUj;jkhd tiyaikg;g;
,ilKf ml;l; tiziaj; njupT
nra;J right click nra;J
Properties vd;gijj; njupT
nra;f. ,jd; NghJ “Ethernet
Properties” dialog box
Njhd;Wk;. ,jpy; “Internet
Protocol version 4
(TCP/IPv4) vd;gijj; njupe;J
“Properties” vd;gijj; njupf.

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 14

 Ms;fsg; ngau; - Domain Name

• Ms;fsg; ngau; vd;gJ vz;fisf; nfhz;l IP KftupfSf;Fg;

gjpyhfg; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpdw ; nrhy; Kiw gpujpepjpj;JtkhFk;
MFk;. (identification string).
• tiyf;flg;gplk; xd;W mjd; Ms;fsg; ngau; %yk;
milahsq;fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
– c-k; : facebook.com
• tiyr; Nritafk; xd;iw mjd; I.gp. Kftupapdhy;
milahsk; fhz;gij tpl Ms;fsg; ngaupdhy; Fwpg;gpLtJ
,yFthdJ.
• tiyf;flg;gplk; xd;wpd; Ms;fsg; ngau; jdpjJ
; tkhdJ.
• ,izaj;jpy; tiyf;flg;gplk; xd;iwj; jdpj;Jtkhf
milahsq;fhz Ms;fsg; ngau; cjTfpd;wJ.
ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 15
 Ms;fsj; Jiwfs;
Domain Meaning

com thzpgk;
org ,yhg Nehf;fw;w epWtdk;
gov murhq;fk;
edu fy;tp
net tiyaikg;G
info jfty;
biz tpahghuk;
mil ,uhZtk;
int ,izak;
ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 16
 Nky; kl;l Ms;fsg; ngau;fs;
Top Level Domain
Xu; Ms;fsg; ngaupd; tyJGwj;jpy; . ,w;Fg; gpd;dhy; tUk; gFjp
Nky; kl;l Ms;fsg; ngau; vdg;gLk;.
URL Domain Name Top Level
Domain

http://www.google.com google.com com

http://www.facebook.com facebook.com com
http://www.nie.lk/pages nie.lk lk
http://www.undp.org undp.org or

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 17

ehLfisg; gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;Jk;
Top-Level Domains
Domain Meaning
lk ,yq;if
in ,e;jpah
us If;fpa mnkupff; h
uk If;fpa ,uhr;rpak;
jp [g;ghd;
au mT];Nuypah
ca fdlh
cn rPdh
fr gpuhd;];
ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 18
 ,uz;lhk; kl;l Ms;fsg; ngau;fs;
Second Level Domains

gov.lk

,uz;lhk; kl;l Ms;fsg; ngau; Nky; kl;l Ms;fsg; ngau;

Second Level Domain Second Level Domain
(SLD) (TLD)

Ms;fsg; ngau;
Domain Name
ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 19
 LK Ms;fsg; ngau; gjptfk;
LK DOMAIN REGISTRY
• LK Domain Registry MdJ ,yq;ifapy; .lk vDk;
KbtilAk; Ms;fsg; gau;fis toq;Fk; Xu; Vf
mikg;ghFk;.
• ,tu;fshy; %d;W tifahd Ms;fsg; ngau;fs;
gjpTnra;ag;gLfpd;wd. mitahtd:
– Nky; kl;l Ms;fsg; ngau; - Top Level Domains
– jpwe;j ,uz;lhk; kl;l Ms;fsg; ngau; - Open Second Level
Domains
– %ba ,uz;lhk; kl;l Ms;fsg; ngau;fs; - Closed Second Level
Domains
• sch.lk
• ac.lk
ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 20
• gov.lk
 ,izar; Nrit Kiwik -
Domain Name System (DNS)
• DNS NritafkhdJ Ms;fsg; ngau;fis IP Kftupfshf
khw;Wfpd;wJ.
• ngupa ,yf;fq;fis epidtpy; itj;jpUg;gJ fbdkhFk;.
• ,yq;fq;fis tplg; ngau;fisf; ifahs;tJ ,yFthdJ. tOTk;
FiwT.
• mjdhy; jhd; URL xd;wpy; ,yf;fj;jpwF
; g; gjpyhf ngau;fs;
fhzg;gLfpd;wd.
• tiyf;flg;gplk; xd;iwg; ghu;itapLtjw;fhf ,iza cytp xd;wpy;
,iza Kftupia jl;lr;R nra;jJk; mg; ngauhdJ IP Address Mf
khw;wg;gLfpd;wJ.

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 21

 Domain Name System

DNS
www.yahoo.com 209.191.122.70
Server

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 22

,izak; vt;thW njhopw;gLfpd;wJ?

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 23

,izaj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; nrk;ik tof;Ffs;
(Protocols)
• ,izak; ve;j xU egUf;Fk; nrhe;jkhdjy;y.
• Mdhy; ,it nrk;ik tof;Ffspdhy; (protocols)
rPu;ik nra;ag;gLfpd;wd.
• xU nrk;ik tof;F vd;gJ fzpdp
tiyaikg;Gf;fspy; njhopw;gLj;jg;gLk; xU
njhFjpr; rl;lk; MFk;.

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 24

,izaj;jpy; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; tof;Fffs;

HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol HTML Mtzg; gupkhw;wk;.

TCP/IP Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol
FTP File Transfer Protocol
SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
ICMP Internet Control Mail Protocol
IP Kftup gupkhw;Wf; fl;Lg;ghL
Nfhg;Gg; gupkhw;wk;
kpdd
; Q;ry; gupkhw;wk;.
tO Vw;gLk; NghJ njuptpj;jYk;
nra;jpf; fl;Lg;ghLk;.

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 25

 Nritafk; vd;why; vd;d?
• Nritg; gaeu; fzpdpf;F (Client Computers)
Njitahd tq;fis tpepNahfpf;Fk; fzpdp
Nritafk; (Server) vdg;gLk;.

,izak;

Nritg; gaeu;

Nritafk;

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 26

 Nritg; gaeu; vd;why; vd;d?
• Nritafj;jpypUe;J (Server Computers) Njitahd
tq;fis ngw;Wf;nfhs;Sk; fzpdp Nritg; gaeu;
(Server) vdg;gLk;.

,izak;

Nritg; gaeu;

Nritafk;

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 27

Server Room

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 28

jutpwf;fk; (Downloading) vd;why; vd;d?
• Nritafj;jpypUe;J (server computers) Nritg;
gaeu; fzpdpf;F (client computers) jfty;fisg;
ngWjy; jutpwf;fk; vdg;gLk;.

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 29

juNtw;wk; (Uploading) vd;why; vd;d?
• Nritg; gaeu; fzpdpapypUe;J (client computers)
Nritf; fzpdpfSf;F (server computers)
jfty;fis toq;Fjy; gjpNtw;wk;; vdg;gLk;.

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 30

 ,izaj;Jld; njhlu;Ggl;l
Nritf; fzpdpfs;
• tiyr; Nritafk; (Web server): tiyf;
flg;gplq;fisr; Nrkpj;J itj;jYk; Nritg; gaeupd;
fzpdpfSf;F toq;FjYk;.
• mQ;ry; Nritafk; (Mail server):kpd;dQ;ry;fisg;
gupkhWjYk; Nrkpj;J itg;gJk; Nritg; gaeupd;
fzpdpf;F toq;FjYk;.
• DNS Nritafk; (DNS server): URL ,id IP
Kftupahf khw;Wjy;.

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 31

 ,izaj;jpd; Nritfs;
• cyfshtpa tiy - (WWW)
• kpd;dQ;ry; - (Email)
• Nfhg;Gg; gupkhw;wk;. - (FTP)
• njhiy mZFif - Remote Access
• Nfhg;G gfpu;jy; - File sharing
• gy;Y}lf Xl;lk; - Streaming media
• Njlw; nghwpfs; - Search engines
• VoIP Nrit/IM Nrit - VoIP Service
• r%f tiyj;jsq;fs; - Social Networking sites
• fhnzhspf; fUj;juq;F - Video Conferencing
• Kfpy; fzpdpapay; - Cloud Computing
ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 32
 cyfshtpa tiy - WWW
• WWW ,d; tpupthf;fk; World Wide Web.
• ,izaj;Jld; njhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s cyfshtpa
fzpdpfspy; Njf;fg;gl;Ls;s ,yj;jpudpay;
Mtzq;fspd; njhFg;Ng cyfshtpa tiy
vdg;gLk;.
• cyfshtpa tiy vd;gJ ,izaj;jsj;jhy;
toq;fg;gLfpd;w Nritfspd; Kjd;ikahdJ.
• tpiuthfj; jfty;fisg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;Sk;
topKiwfspy; Kd;dzp tfpf;fpd;wJ.

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 33

 cyfshtpa tiy (WWW)
• cyfshtpa tiyapd; je;ijahf Nru; upk; Ngu;du;];
yP vd;gtu; fUjg;gLfpd;whu;.
• WWW ,id gad;gLj;Jk; xU gaeu;
tiyNkNyhbfspd; %yk; tiyf;flg;gplq;fisg;
ghu;itaplyhk;.

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 34

 tiyf;flg;gplk; vd;why; vd;d?
• tiyr; Nritafk; xd;wpy;
mike;Js;s tiyg;gf;fq;fspd;
njhFg;G tiyf;flg;gplk; vd;W
miof;fg;gLfpwJ.

• xU tiyf;flg;gplkhdJ gy
tiyg;gf;fq;fisf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;.

• xU tiyg;gf;fk; ciufs;> glq;fs;>

fhnzhsp kw;Wk; Vida
gy;Y}lhfq;fisAk;
kPciufisAk; nfhz;bUf;fyhk;.
ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 35
 Kfg;Gg; gf;fk; - Home Page
• tiyj;jsj;ijg; gw;wpa
mbg;gil jfty;fisf;
nfhz;l gf;fk; ‘Kfg;G gf;fk;’
vd;W miof;fg;g-LfpwJ.
• tiyNkNyhbapy; xU tiy
Kftupapid jl;lr;R nra;J
EioTr; rhtpia mOj;jpaJk;
Kjypy; Njhd;WtJ “Kfg;Gg;
gf;fk;” MFk;.
• tiyj;jsj;jpd; gpw gf;fq;fis
mjpYs;s kPciufs; %yk;
mZfyhk;.

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 36

 tiy NkNyhbfs; - Web Browsers
• tiy NkNyhb vd;gJ tiyf;flg;gplq;fis
mZFtjw;Fg; gad;gLk; xU gpuNahf
nkd;nghUshFk;.
• Eg: Internet Explorer
Mozilla Firefox
Google Chrome
Safari
Opera
Edge

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 37

 File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
Nfhg;G khw;W nrk;ik tof;F
• Nfhg;G gupkhw;w newpKiw (FTP) vd;gJ ,izaj;jpy;
cs;s fzpdpfSfpilapy; Nfhg;Gfis mDg;Gtjw;fhd
xU ,izar; nrk;ik tof;F MFk;..
• FTP vd;gJ xU gaeu;-Nritaf nrk;ik tof;F MFk;>
,q;F xU gaeu; Nfhg;nghd;wpwf; hd Ntz;LNfhis
Kd;itf;Fk; NghJ> cs;@u; my;yJ njhiyepiy
Nritafk; mij toq;Fk;.

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 38

 FTP njhlu;r;rp
• kpd;dQ;ry; Clhf rpwpa Nfhg;Gf;fis khj;jpuNk
mDg;gyhk;.
• ghupa Nfhg;Gf;fis Nritg; gaeuplkpUe;J Nritafj;jpwF;
mDg;Gtjw;F FTP gad;gLfpd;wJ.
• Nfhg;Gf;fis Nritafj;jpypUe;J jutpwf;fk; nra;tjw;Fk;
FTP gad;gLfpdw ; J.

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 39

Njlw; nghwpfs; - Search Engines
• gaeuhy; Fwpg;gplg;gLk; Kf;fpa nrhw;fs; (Key words)
my;yJ vOj;JfSf;F xj;j juTj;jsj;jpy; cs;s
cUg;gbfisj; NjLk; kw;Wk; milahsk; fhZk;
xU nra;epuy;>
• ,J Fwpg;ghf cyfshtpa tiyapy; Fwpg;gpl;l
jsq;fisj; Njbf; fz;lwpa gad;gLfpwJ.
• ,iza gaeu;fs; ve;jnthU jftiyAk;
tpiuthff; fz;lwpa Njlw;nghwpfs;
tbtikf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 40

 gpugy Njlw; nghwpfs;
• Google
• Yahoo
• Bing
• Baidu Search
• Yandex
• Ask
• Aol
• DuckDuckGo
• Work

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 41

njhiyT mZFif – Remote Access
• njhiyT mZFif %yk; ,izaj;jpYs;s
fzpdpanahd;iw njhiytpypUe;Nj fl;Lg;gLj;j KbAk;.
• ,izaj;jpd; %ykhfTk; njhiyT mZFif %yk; xU
fzpdpia fl;Lg;gLj;j KbtJld; nra;gzpfisAk;
Nkw;nfhs;syhk;.
• 1. Nritaff; fzpdpapYs;s nkd;nghUs;fis Nritg;
gaeupd; fzpdpf;F epWTjy;.
• 2. Nritg; gaeupd; fzpdpapYs;s tOf;fisj; jpUj;Jjy;.
• c-k;: Remote Desktop Connection (LAN)
Teamviewer, RemotePC, Zoho Assist, LogMeIn
Note: Fwpj;j gaeupd; mDkjpapd;wp mtupd; fzpdpAs;s Kf;fpa
juTfisAk; jfty;fisAk; fsthLjy; `f;fpq; (FWk;G) vdg;gLk;.

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 42

gy;Y}lf toq;fy; - Multimedia Streaming
• xyp> xsp kw;Wk; ghl tbtpyike;j midj;Jg; gy;Y}lf
tifj; juTfis ,izaj;jpy; ,ize;jpUf;Fk;
fzpdpfSf;fpilNa gupkhw ,J cjTk;.
– Youtube
– Vimeo
– Dailymotion
– Amazon Prime / Amazon Music
– Apple Music
– SoundCloud
– Netflix
– Hotstar

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 43

gy;Y}lf toq;fy; - Multimedia Streaming

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 44

 Nfhg;Gg; gfpu;T- File Sharing
• Nritafj;jpypUe;J tsq;fis Nritg; gaeupd;
fzpdpfSf;fpilapy; $l;lhfg; gad;gLj;jy; Nfhg;Gg;
gfpu;T vdg;gLk;.
• c-k;:
– ,izaj;jpD}lhf guPl;irg; ngWNgWfisg;
ghu;itaply;

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 45

 r%f tiyj;jsq;fs;
Social Networking Sites
• egu;fshy; ,izaj;jpD}lhf r%fj; njhlu;Gfis
Nkw;nfhs;s mDkjpf;Fk; ,iza trjpNa r%f
tiyj; jsq;fs; vdg;gLk;.
• jdpg;gl;l jfty;fs;> glq;fs;> fhnzhspfs;> md;whl
eltbf;iffs; Nghd;wtw;iw gupkhwpf;nfhs;s KbAk;.
• ,jd;%yk; r%fj; njhlu;Gfs; tpuptiltJld; xUtu;
jhd; ,Uf;Fk; ,lj;jpypUe;Nj njhlu;Gfis Nkw;nfhs;s
KbAk;.
• r%fr; rPuN
; fLfSf;Fk; ,J fhuzkhf mikfpd;wJ.
ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 46
 r%f tiyj;jsq;fs;
Social Networking Sites
• Facebook.com
• Twitter.com
• Instagram.com
• Youtube.com
• Pinterest.com
• LinkedIn.com
• Tiktok.com
• Flickr.com
• Secondlife.com

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 47

 VoIP Nrit/ IM Nrit
• VoIP njhopy;El;gk;
vd;gJ ghuk;gupa njhiyNgrp Nritfis
,izaj;jpd; toq;FjyhFk;.
• ,izj;jpD}lhf ,UtUf;fpilapy; jdpg;gl;l Kiwapy;
FWQ;nra;jpfspidg; gupkhwp mstshTjy; (chatting)
cldbr; nra;jp Nrit vdg;gLk;.
c-k;:
Skype Tango
Viber Line
WhatsApp WeChat
Telegram Talk
IMO Kik
tt

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 48

 fhnzhspf; fUj;juq;F Nrit
Video Conferencing
• ntt;NtW ,lq;fspYs;s ,Utu; my;yJ gyUf;F
,ilapy; xyp> xsp juTfis CLflj;jp fzpdp
tiyaikg;gpD}lhff; fye;Jiuahliy Nkw;nfhs;sy;
fhnzhspf; fUj;juq;F vdg;gLk;.
c-k;:
1. Zoom
2. Ms. Teams
3. Google meet
4. Skype

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 Kfpy; fzpdpapay;
Cloud Computing
• jdpahs; fzpdp mlq;fyhf rfy fzpdp tiyaikg;Gf;fs;
kw;Wk; nry;yplf; fUtpfs; midj;Jk; ,izj;jpD}lhf
xd;wpizf;fg;gl;L Njitahd ve;jf; fzj;jpYk; ve;jnthU
,lj;jpypUe;Jk; jfty;fisg; ngwTk; jfty;fisr; Nrkpf;fTk;
trjp nra;ag;gl;Ls;s KiwNa Kfpy; fzpdp vz;zf;fU
MFk;.
• Kfpy; fzpdpapd; gpujhd Nritfs;
1. cl;fl;likg;G xU Nritahf(Infrastructure as a Service) - IaaS
2. mgptpUj;jpr; #oy; xU Nritahf (Platform as a Service) - PaaS
3. nkd;nghUs; xU Nritahf (Software as a Service) - SaaS

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ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 51
ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 52
 cl;fl;;likg;G xU Nritahf
Infrastructure as a Service
• fzpdpfSf;nfd jdpj;Jthd #onyhd;W
fl;bnaOg;gg;gLtJld; Nritaff; fzpdpapd; cjtpAld;
juTifs Nrkpg;gjw;nfd ntspapid toq;;FtJld; gy;NtW
tsq;fSk; fpilf;fg;ngWk;.
• jdf;nfd;W Nritaf fzpdp> jPf;fhg;Gr; Rtu; ,y;yhj NghJk;
Kfpy; fzpdpr; Nritaff; fzpdp ,ltrjp (server space)
jPf;fhg;Gr; Rtu; Mfpa trjpfisg; gad;gLj;jyhk;.
• c-k;:
– DigitalOcean, Linode, Rackspace, Amazon Web
Services (AWS), Cisco Metapod, Microsoft Azure,
Google Compute Engine (GCE)

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 mgptpUj;jpr; #oy; xU Nritahf
Platform as a Service
• ,e;jr; Nrit nkd;nghUs; mgptpUj;jp kw;Wk; nkd;nghUs;
,af;fk; Mfpatw;Wf;fhd #oiy toq;Fk;. gzpnray;
Kiwik> fzpdp nkhopr;#oy;> juTj;jsk;>
tiyr;Nritafk; Mfpa trjpfs; midj;Jk; ,jd; %yk;
gaeUf;F toq;fg;gLk;.
• gzpnray; Kiwik> njhFg;gp Nghd;wd fzpdpapy;
epWtg;gl;buhJ tpbDk; $l Kfpy; fzpdp Nrit %ykhf
nkd;nghUs;fis cw;gj;jp nra;ayhk;.
• c-k;
– AWS Elastic Beanstalk.
– Windows Azure.
– Google App Engine.
– OpenShift.

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 nkd;nghUs; xU Nritahf
Software as a Service
• Nritg; gaeUf;Fj; Njitahd ,af;F nkd;nghUis
epWthJ> Kfpypy; my;yJ ,izaj;jpy; epWtg;gl;Ls;s
nkd;nghUisg; gad;gLj;Jtjw;fhd trjpfis ,J
toq;Ffpd;wJ.
• c-k;:
• nrhy; Kiw topg;gLj;jy;> ,yj;jpudpay; tpupjhs;
Nghd;wtw;iw tiyNkNyhbapD}lhf Nkw;nfhs;sy;.
– Google Docs / Gsuite, Microsoft Office 365,
Dropbox

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 Kfpy; fzpdpapd; ed;ikfs;
• nkd;nghUs; nryT Fiwtiljy;
• nrayhw;Wtij Nkk;gLj;jy;
• guhkupg;G eltbf;iffs; Fiwtiljy;
• nkd;nghUs;fis cldbahf ,w;iwg;gLj;jy;

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 Kfpy; fzpdpapd; jPikfs;
• njhluwh ,iza trjp Njitg;g; ly;
• Fiw tpiuT ,izg;gpd; NghJ njhopw;ghL
Fiwtiljy;.

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 kpd;dQ;ry; (Email)
• ,Utu; my;yJ xU njhFjpapdUf;fpilapy;
,yj;jpudpay; Kiwapy; fbjq;fs; kw;Wk;
Nfhg;Gf;fisg; guptu;j;jid nra;jNy kpd;dQ;ry;
vdg;gLk;.
• cyfj;jpYs;s ve;j egUk; ,izaj;jpD}lhf
kpd;dQ;ry; fzf;F xd;wpid cUthf;fpf; nfhs;s
KbAk;.
• cyfpd; Kjy; kpd;dQ;ry; Nua; nuhk;ypd;rd;
vd;gtuhy; 1971 ,y; mDg;gg;gl;lJ.
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 kpd;dQ;rypd; ed;ikfs;
• kpd;dQ;ry;fs; kpf tpiuthf tpepNahfpff; g;gLfpd;wd.
• xU ehspd; 24 kzp Neuj;jpYk;> tUlj;jpd; 365 ehl;fspYk;
kpd;dQ;ry;fs; mDg;gg;glyhk;.
• kpd;dQ;ry;fs; xg;gPl;lstpy; tpiy kypthdit.
• xU kpd;dQ;ry; gyUf;F Nkyjpff; fl;lzkpd;wp
mDg;gg;glyhk;.
• kpd;dQ;ry; xd;Wld; Gifg;glq;fs;> tPbNahf;fs;> Vida
Nfhg;Gf;fs; ,izj;J mDg;gg;glyhk;.
• kpd;dQ;riyj; jpwg;gjw;F flTr;nrhy; Njit.
• ,izaj;njhlu;Gs;s xU rhjdnkhd;wpy; cyfpd; ve;j
%iyapypUe;Jk; kp;d;dQ;ry; mDg;gyhk;> thrpf;fyhk;.
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 kpd;dQ;rypd; jPikfs;
• ngWeu; ,iza trjp ,Ue;jhy; khj;jpuNk
kpd;dQ;riy thrpf;f KbAk;.
• kpd;dQ;ry; Clhf fzpdpf;F CWtpistpf;Fk;
er;Repuy;fs; (itu];) gug;gg;gLfpd;wd.
• ,iza Nkhrbfs; Phishing and scam
eilngWtjw;F ,lkspf;fpd;wJ.

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kpd;dQ;ry; gupkhw;wk;

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 61

kpd;dQ;ry; Kftupapd; $Wfs;

@ FwpaPlhdJ gaeu; ngaiuAk; Ms;fsg; ngaiuAk;

NtW gpupf;fpd;wJ.

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kpd;dQ;ry; mDg;Gjy;

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 kpd;dQ;ry; mDg;gGjy; - gbKiwfs;
• gb 1: ‘To’ vDk; gFjpapy; ngWeupd; kpd;dQ;ry;
Kftupiaj; jl;lr;R nra;jy;
• gb 2: Subject vDk; gFjpapy; nghUj;jkhd
jiyg;gpid ,ly;.
• gb 3: kpd;dQ;riyj; njhFj;jy;.
• gb 4: Send button I mOj;Jjy;.

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 kpd;dQ;ry; mDg;Gjy;
• TO: Kjd;ik epiyg; ngWeu;(fs;)
» vy;yhUk; ngWeu; gl;baiyg; ghu;itaplyhk;

• CC: ,uz;lhk; epiyg; ngWeu;(fs;).

» vy;yhUk; ngWeu; gl;baiyg; ghu;itaplyhk;

• BCC: %d;whk; epiyg; ngWeu;(fs;).

» ,jpy; toq;fg;gl;l ngWeu; gl;bay; Kjy; ,UtUf;Fk; njupahJ.

ICT By S.Murali 0776361414 65

 kpd;dQ;ry; ,izg;Gf;fs;
Email Attachment
kpd;dQ;ry; ,izg;Gf; fl;lisahdJ kpd;dQ;rYld;
Nfhg;Gf;fis ,izj;J mDg;Gtjw;F top rikf;fpd;wJ.
,izg;ghdJ vt;tiff; Nfhg;ghfTk; ,Uf;fyhk;. Mdhy;
nghJthf Gifg;glq;fSk; ciuf; Nfhg;Gf;fSk; ,izj;J
mDg;gg;gLfpd;wd.
– .txt - Plain text file
– .jpg (or .jpeg) - Image file for photos etc
– .gif - graphic file
• fPNo jug;gl;Ls;s Nfhg;Gf;fSk; mbf;fb ,izf;fg;gLfpd;wd:
– .doc - MS Documents (Mtzk;)
– .xls - MS Spreadsheets (tpupjhs;)

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 kpd;dQ;ry;fis tifg;gLj;jy;
• Inbox – ngwg;gl;l kpd;dQ;ry;fis Nrkpj;jy;
• Drafts – njhFf;fg;gl;l Mdhy;
g+uzg;gLj;jg;glhj kpd;dQ;ry;fis Nrkpj;jy;
• Sent – mDg;gg;gl;l kpd;dQ;ry;fis Nrkpj;jy;
• Trash/Deleted – mopf;fg;gl;l kpd;dQ;ry;fis
Fwpg;gpl;l fhyj;jpw;Fr; Nrkpj;jy;
• Spam/Junk –Njitaw;w kpd;dQ;ry;fisr;
Nrkpj;jy;
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,ytr kpd;dQ;ry; Nrit toq;Feu;fs;
• Gmail
• Yahoo! mail
• Hotmail
• Outlook.com
• AOL mail
• Zoho mail
• Lycos mail

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 Email Protocols
• SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
• POP3 - Post Office Protocol V3
• IMAP - Internet Message Access Protocol

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