USES & APPLICATIONS

OF FUNCTIONAL
GROUPS
 Ketone
hexan-3-one
7
 Amide
heptanamide
8
 Nitrile
nonanenitrile
9
Aldehyde
octanal
10
 Alcohol
hexan-1-ol
11
Carboxylic acid
heptanoic acid
12
 Ether
hexyl methyl ether
13
 Sulfonic acid
hexane-1-sulfonic acid
14
 Acid halide
octanoyl chloride
15
 Ester
heptyl methanoate
16
USES & APPLICATIONS
OF FUNCTIONAL
GROUPS
17
 Which specific
materials/products
which I know contains
Functional Groups?
18
 ALCOHOL
• Alcoholic Drinks
• Use of ethanol as a fuel
• Ethanol as a solvent
• Methanol as a fuel
• Methanol as an industrial feedstock -
Most methanol is used to make other
compounds, for example, methanal
(formaldehyde) and other products.

19
 CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
• Carboxylic acids and their derivatives are used in the
production of polymers, biopolymers, coatings,
adhesives, and pharmaceutical drugs.

Salicylic acid

20
 CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
• Carboxylic acids and their derivatives are used in the
production of polymers, biopolymers, coatings,
adhesives, and pharmaceutical drugs.

mefenamic acid

21
 CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
• Carboxylic acids and their derivatives are used in the
production of polymers, biopolymers, coatings,
adhesives, and pharmaceutical drugs.

22
 KETONES and ALDEHYDES
• Compounds of plants and microorganisms
containing aldehydes and ketones include:
o cinnamaldehyde in cinnamon bark

23
 KETONES and ALDEHYDES
• Compounds of plants and microorganisms containing aldehydes and
ketones include:
o Citra in lemongrass

24
 KETONES and ALDEHYDES
• Compounds of plants and microorganisms containing aldehydes and
ketones include:
o vanillin in vanilla bean

25
 KETONES and ALDEHYDES
• Compounds of plants and microorganisms containing aldehydes and
ketones include:
o carvone in spearmint and caraway

26
 ETHER
• We use dimethyl ether as a
refrigerant and as a solvent at low
temperature.
• Diethyl ether is a common
ingredient as an anesthesia in
surgery.
• Diethyl ether is common as a
solvent for oils, gums, resins etc 27
ETHER

28
 ESTER
• have fragrant odours are used as
a constituent of perfumes,
essential oils, food flavourings,
cosmetics, etc.
• Certain volatile esters are used as
solvents for lacquers, paints, and
varnishes
29
30
 AMINE
• Amines are used in making azo-
dyes and nylon apart from
medicines and drugs
• They are widely used in
developing chemicals for crop
protection, medication and water
purification.
31
 AMINE
Histamine
• a chemical found in some
of the body's cells - causes
many of the symptoms of
allergies, such as a runny
nose or sneezing.
32
 AMIDE
• Amides may be used to form
resilient structural materials (e.g.,
nylon, Kevlar).

33
AMIDE

34
 THIOL
• Thiols are used as odorants to assist
in the detection of natural gas (which in
pure form is odorless)

35
 NITRILE
• Nitriles are used in the
manufacture of nitrile gloves,
seals, and hoses as they exhibit
resistance to chemicals.
• They are used as an antidiabetic
drug which is used in the treatment
of breast cancers.
36
NITRILE

37
 SULFONIC ACID
• its salts and other
derivatives form the basis of
the manufacture of
detergents, water-soluble
dyes and catalysts,
sulfonamide
pharmaceuticals, and ion-
exchange resins.
38
ACID HALIDE
• acid halides
can be used to
create
carboxylic
acids,
anhydrides,
esters, amides,
or ketones. 39
OTHER USES &
APPLICATIONS
40
THE HUMAN BODY
ITSELF IS FULL OF
FUNCTIONAL
GROUPS!
41
CHEMISTRY
of
L VE
42
What is
?
43
“ LOVE
- strong affection for another
arising out of kinship or
personal ties
- attraction based on sexual
desire : affection and tenderness
felt by lovers
Merriam Webster
44
 LOVE
- Love is a complex set of emotions,
behaviors, and beliefs associated with
strong feelings of affection,
protectiveness, warmth, and respect for
another person. -
PSYCHOLOGY (goodtherapy.org)

45
PAGKAMOOT
- Nagsusupay na karahayan
na hali sa sarong tawo
paduman sa saro pa.
-Ako asin an Kapwa by Fr. Wilmer Tria
(Philosophy)

46
46
Let’s Get Chemical!

47
Let’s Get Chemical!

48
Let’s Get Chemical!

49
Let’s Get Chemical!

50
Lust
▫ Lust is driven by the desire for sexual
gratification.
▫ The evolutionary basis for this stems from
our need to reproduce, a need shared
among all living things.
▫ Through reproduction, organisms pass on
their genes, and thus contribute to the
perpetuation of their species. 51
Love is its Own Reward
▫ attraction seems to be a distinct, though closely
related, phenomenon. While we can certainly lust for
someone we are attracted to, and vice versa, one can
happen without the other.
▫ “REWARD” behavior = attraction
▫ which partly explains why the first few weeks or
months of a relationship can be so exhilarating and
even all-consuming.
53
Love is its Own Reward
▫ Dopamine is released when we do things that feel good to
us. In this case, these things include spending time with
loved ones and having sex.
▫ High levels of dopamine and a related
hormone, norepinephrine, are released during attraction.
▫ These chemicals make us giddy, energetic, and euphoric,
even leading to decreased appetite and insomnia – which
means you actually can be so “in love” that you can’t eat and
can’t sleep
54
Love is its Own Reward
▫ Norepinephrine – Fight or Flight which kicks into high gear
when we’re stressed and keeps us alert
▫ attraction seems to lead to a reduction in serotonin, a
hormone that’s known to be involved in appetite and mood.
▫ Interestingly, people who suffer from obsessive-compulsive
disorder also have low levels of serotonin, leading scientists
to speculate that this is what underlies the overpowering
infatuation that characterizes the beginning stages of love.

55
LOVE MAKES US DUMB

Have you ever done something when you were in

love that you later regretted?

-Sexual arousal (but not necessarily attachment)

appears to turn off regions in our brain that regulate
critical thinking, self-awareness, and rational
behavior, including parts of the prefrontal cortex

56
LOVE HURTS
Love is
often
accompani
ed by
jealousy,
erratic
behavior,
and
irrationality. 57
Love can be both the best and worst
thing for you
– it can be the thing that gets us up in the
morning,
or …
what makes us never want to wake up
again.
58
LOVE HURTS

59
LET’S THINK
AGAIN AFTER
THESE SLIDES
60
4 Love is patient, love is kind. It does not envy,
it does not boast, it is not proud. 5 It does not
dishonor others, it is not self-seeking, it is not
easily angered, it keeps no record of
wrongs. 6 Love does not delight in evil but
rejoices with the truth. 7 It always protects,
always trusts, always hopes, always perseveres.
-1 Corinthians 13:4-8
61
62
NOW WHAT
IS LOVE FOR
YOU?
63
THANK YOU!

64