PATH-FIT 1 / PRELIMINARIES

What is a physical Education?

Physical Education is an important segment of general education which aims to

contribute to the total development of the learner through participation in selected
vigorous activities. (Oyco, 2000)
It can also be viewed as a program of activities in a school curriculum that
involves sports, games, dance, gymnastics, and recreational activities. (Panganiban, 1999)

HEALTH BENEFITS OF EXERCISE AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

1. Reduce the risk of premature death

2. Reduce the risk of development and/or dying from heart disease.
3. Reduce high blood pressure or the risk of developing high blood pressure.
4. Reduce high cholesterol or the risk of developing high cholesterol.
5. Reduce the risk of developing colon cancer and breast cancer.6. Reduce the risk of developing
diabetes.
7. Reduce or maintain body weight or body fat.
8. Build and maintain healthy muscles, bones, and joints.
9. Reduce depression and anxiety.
10. Improve psychological well-being.
11. Enhanced work, recreation, and sports performance.

THE FOUR TYPES OF DEVELOPMENT

1. ORGANIC – This is the development of power and endurance in the heart, lungs, heat-
regulating mechanism, and digestive and eliminating organs. These various organs gain power and
stamina for use.

2. NEUROMUSCULAR – The development of skills and coordination required in the mastery

of life’s varied activities can be directly attributed to physical education; also, to the development
of strength in the skeletal muscles used in such coordination.

3. INTERPRETATIVE – This type of development strengthens the thinking, interpreting, and

problem-solving processes of the individual. It is developed particularly in team sports.

4. EMOTIONAL – The development and maturing impulses and emotions through activities
which give them expression under natural controls such as officials rules, traditions, and the
person’s desire to stay in the game and play are inherent in team sports where fear, anger, joy, and
other powerful emotions are experienced.
 OBJECTIVES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

1. PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
An individual who participates actively will develop and maintain good health and high level of
physical fitness. The acquisition of physical skills can motivate an individual to participate further
in physical activities: hence, healthy growth and development of each learner will be enhanced.

2. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Participation in Physical Education activities provides opportunities for the acquisition and
practice of desirable social traits necessary for adjustment to happy living and to social life in
general.
• Friendliness
• Cooperation
• Respect for the rights of others
• Good sportsmanship
• Good leadership and followership
• Honesty in group competition

3. EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT
The informal nature of physical education offers opportunities for the development of expression
and emotional traits needed for emotional mastery like:
• Self-confidence
• Self-control
• Self-reliance
• Courage
• Determination
• Personal Discipline

4. MENTAL DEVELOPMENT
The individual develops his mental capacities as he learns the mechanical principles of underlying
movement, as the learner acquires knowledge and understanding of rules and strategies of games
and sports as well as dance instructions.

LEGAL BASES
FOR PE
What is physical fitness?

Physical fitness is a combination of medical fitness (body soundness) and dynamic fitness
(capacity for action).
It is the capacity of the individual to accomplish his/her regular daily activities without
undue fatigue and still has an ample amount of reserved energy to enjoy leisure and meet
emergencies.

HEALTH-RELATED FITNESS SKILLS-RELATED FITNESS

Body composition Speed
Cardio-Vascular Endurance Agility
Flexibility Power
Muscular Strength Coordination
Muscular Endurance Balance
Reaction time

WARM-UP

The warm-up should include stretching and exercises of moderate intensity that cause sweating
and increase in muscle temperature.
The warm-up or conditioning exercise allows various body systems to adjust to
increased metabolic demands.
IN CONDITIONING EXERCISES:
• Warm-up should be appropriate for the performer and the sports activity involved.
• Warm-up should be intense enough to raise body temperature and cause sweating.
• Warm-up should include some stretching exercises as well as movements relatedto or similar to
the activity that is about to be performed.
• Warm-up probably should begin to be reduced 10 minutes to 15 minutes prior performance and
should terminate approximately 5 minutes before performance.

THREE TYPES OF EXERCISE

1. SOTONIC EXERCISE – where the muscles are made to do some contraction and
relaxation to gain tones. These movements are common to many physical education activities.

2. ISOMETRIC EXERCISE - where the muscles are made to undergo tension and hold in a certain
position for some time in order to develop muscle strength.

3. AEROBIC EXERCISE – which entail vigorous movements such as brisk walking, jogging,
running, and dancing. The body experiences fast breathing so that the muscles of the heart and the
lungs are exercised.

TYPES OF AEROBIC EXERCISES:

• Aerobic Dance
• Bicycling
• Fitness Walking
• Jumping Rope
• Running
• Stair Climbing
• Swimming

WORKOUT
• a session of vigorous physical exercise or training.
• a practice or exercise to test or improve one's fitness for athletic competition, ability, or
performance
• a test of one's ability, capacity, stamina, or suitability

COOL DOWN
• the act or an instance of allowing physiological activity to return to normal gradually after
strenuous exercise by engaging in less strenuous exercise.