Sports

SevenUp

Britt Janssens

Sint-Ursula-instituut Lier

30
1 Table of content
2 Planning ................................................................................................................................................. 2

3 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 3
3.1 Sports, equipment and places ................................................................................................................ 3
3.2 People in sport ....................................................................................................................................... 3
3.3 Sporting verbs ........................................................................................................................................ 4

4 Modal verbs ........................................................................................................................................... 4

4.1 Ability ..................................................................................................................................................... 5
4.1.1 Practice 1 – Can/can’t or be able to .................................................................................................. 6
4.1.2 Practice 2 – General or specific ability............................................................................................... 6
4.2 Necessity and advice .............................................................................................................................. 7
4.2.1 Practice 1 – Must or have to.............................................................................................................. 8
4.2.2 Practice 2 – should or shouldn’t ........................................................................................................ 8
4.2.3 Practice 3 ........................................................................................................................................... 9
4.3 Possibility, certainty and expectation .................................................................................................. 10
4.3.1 Practice – must or can’t ................................................................................................................... 11
4.3.2 Practice – should or shouldn’t ......................................................................................................... 11
4.3.3 Practice ............................................................................................................................................ 12
4.4 Requests, offers, invitations and permission........................................................................................ 13
4.4.1 Practice 1 – Requests and offers ..................................................................................................... 14
4.4.2 Practice 2 ......................................................................................................................................... 14

5 The Olympic Games .............................................................................................................................. 15

6 Olympics doping scandal ...................................................................................................................... 16

7 Sport is great ........................................................................................................................................ 18

8 Strange sports ...................................................................................................................................... 19

9 Talking about sports ............................................................................................................................. 22

10 Muhammad Ali dies ......................................................................................................................... 23

11 Shoe story ........................................................................................................................................ 26

1
2 Planning
Lesson Exercises Uitleg door leerkracht Test/assignment?
1 3. Introduction
2 4.1 ability 7BS, 7LOG maandag 10/2
2de lesuur
7RM maandag 2/3 4de
lesuur: 4.1 & 4.2
3 4.2 Necessity and 7BS, 7LOG dinsdag 11 februari
advice 7RM dinsdag 3 maart
3. Introduction + 4.1 ability verbeteren
a.d.h.v. verbetersleutel en laten zien
aan leerkracht
4 4.3 Possibility,
certainty and
expectation
5 4.4 Requests, offers, 7BS, 7LOG maandag 17/2
invitations and 3de lesuur
permission 7RM maandag 9/3 4de
lesuur:
4.3 & 4.4
6 5. The Olympic Games 7BS, 7LOG dinsdag 18 februari
7RM dinsdag 10 maart
4.2 necessity and advice + 4.3
possibility, certainty and expectation +
4.4 requests, offers, invitations and
permission verbeteren a.d.h.v.
verbetersleutel en laten zien aan
leerkracht
7 6. Olympics doping
scandal
8 6. Olympics doping 7BS, 7LOG maandag 2 maart
scandal + 7. Sport is 7RM maandag 16 maart
great Test modal verbs
9 8. Strange sports
10 9. Talking about sports 7LOG dinsdag 3 maart
7BS woensdag 4 maart
7RM dinsdag 17 maart
Conversation about sports with teacher
11 10. Muhammad Ali 7BS, 7LOG maandag 9 maart
dies 7RM maandag 23 maart
5. The Olympic Games + 6. Olympics
doping scandal + 7. Sport is great 8.
Strange Sports verbeteren a.d.h.v.
verbetersleutel en laten zien aan
leerkracht
12 11. Shoe Story 7BS, 7LOG dinsdag 10 maart
7RM dinsdag 24 maart
Bundel afgeven (zorg dat alles
verbeterd is a.d.h.v. de verbetersleutel)

2
3 Introduction
3.1 Sports, equipment and places

Complete the table below.

Bat gloves court golf field/pitch

Ice-skating racket slope track pool

Sport Equipment Place

football (UK) / soccer (US) ball
tennis court
club course
swimming cap, goggles
boxing ring
motor racing racing car
basketball ball
skates rink
baseball field
skiing skis

3.2 People in sport

Match the people below with their activity on the right.

1. a referee a. competes against other people in a race or competition

2. a coach b. controls a sports match and makes decisions
3. a manager c. leads the team on the field or pitch
4. a captain d. organizes a team and decides on tactics
5. a spectator e. plays against another person or team
6. an opponent f. trains a team (fitness and skills)
7. a competitor g. watches a sports event

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

3
Now complete the sentences below.

1. The _____________________________ decided to transfer one of his players to another

team.
2. The team won the match in front of 40,000 _____________________________.
3. Jack was offered the position of _____________________________ for a high school
basketball team.
4. After 95 minutes, the _____________________________ signalled the end of the match.
5. Everybody was surprised when the coach chose Ted as the team
_____________________________.
6. Over 2000 _____________________________ took part in the New York City Marathon.
7. The tennis player beat all his _____________________________ easily and won the
tournament.

3.3 Sporting verbs

Read the sentences below in pairs. Which sport do you think each spectator is talking about?

1. If you kick the ball into the other team’s net, you score a goal. _________________________
2. If you hit the ball with your racket and your opponent is unable to return it, you win 15
points. _________________________
3. If you catch the ball before it hits the ground, the player who hit the ball is out.
_________________________
4. If you punch your opponent and he falls down and cannot get up, you win.
_________________________
5. If you tackle the player before he crosses the line, his team does not get any points.
_________________________
6. If you miss the ball three times in a row, you are out! _________________________
7. If you cross the finish line before everybody else, you win the race.
_________________________
8. This sport suits players who are tall and can jump really high. _________________________

4 Modal verbs
Modal verbs are different from normal verbs:

1: They don't use an 's' for the third person singular.

2: They make questions by inversion ('she can go' becomes 'can she go?').
3: They are followed directly by the infinitive of another verb (without 'to').

We use these verbs to express ability, necessity, advice, possibility, expectation, requests, offers,
permission and invitations.

4
4.1 Ability

We use can, could, be able to and managed to (+ infinitive without `to') to say that somebody is able
to do something.

5
4.1.1 Practice 1 – Can/can’t or be able to

Complete the sentences with the verbs below. If you cannot use ‘can/can’t’, use ‘be able to’ in the
correct tense or form.

help meet play relax run sing speak wait

1. I'm sorry, I can’t speak French.

2. I _________________________ you for lunch tomorrow. I'm free all day
3. John _________________________ for months. His new job is very stressful.
4. Usain Bolt _________________________ really fast. He's the Olympic champion.
5. I might _________________________ you with your homework if you're having problems.
6. He used to _________________________ well, but now he sounds awful.
7. I _________________________ any more. Tell me the big news.
8. She _________________________ the piano since she broke her arm two months ago.

4.1.2 Practice 2 – General or specific ability

Complete the sentences below using ‘could/couldn’t’ or ‘was/were able to’ + the verbs in brackets.

1. Benjamin Franklin _________________________ (speak) English and French.

2. I looked everywhere, but I _________________________ (find) the right street.
3. _________________________ (you/convince) her to go out with you?
4. Patricia used to be a professional dancer. She _________________________ (dance) really
well.
5. We _________________________ (contact) you. Was your phone switched off?
6. At the end of the long meeting, we _________________________ (make) a decision.
7. _________________________ (you/hear) me last night? I was trying to be quiet.
8. My laptop wasn't working properly, but in the end I _________________________ (fix) it.

6
4.2 Necessity and advice

We use the modal verbs must, have to, need to and should to say that something is necessary or to
give advice. The table below summarizes the main uses of the positieve and negative form of each
modal verb.

7
4.2.1 Practice 1 – Must or have to

Claire is an architect. She has just started her new job. Complete the sentences below using ‘must’
or ‘have to’ in the correct form, positive or negative.

1. She has to work 8 hours every day.

2. She _________________________ smoke at work. The building is a non-smoking area.
3. She_________________________ wear very formal clothes. The office has a relaxed dress
code.
4. She _________________________ wear a hard hat when visiting a building site, according
to safety regulations.
5. She _________________________ meet clients every day. Her work involves a lot of
meetings.
6. She _________________________ work hard if she wants a promotion. Her boss is very
demanding.
7. She _________________________ get up early every day. She can work flexible hours.
8. She _________________________ park her car near the building entrance. That space is
reserved for the director.

4.2.2 Practice 2 – should or shouldn’t

Give your friend advice using should or shouldn’t and one of the phrases below.

be so careless eat so much cake go to bed earlier have an eye test

quit your job take up a new hobby try to relax more use your phone all day

1. "I am always tired during the day."

You ________________________________________________________________________
2. "I need to lose weight."
You ________________________________________________________________________
3. "I'm very stressed these days."
You ________________________________________________________________________
4. "I feel bored."
You ________________________________________________________________________
5. "My purse was stolen again!"
You ________________________________________________________________________
6. "I can't see very well."
You ________________________________________________________________________

8
 7. "My boss is driving me crazy!"
You ________________________________________________________________________
8. "My phone bill is really expensive."
You ________________________________________________________________________

4.2.3 Practice 3

Rewrite each sentence using an appropriate modal verb from the grid on page 7. More than one
answer may be possible.

1. It is very important that you do not forget to call me tomorrow.

You ________________________________________________________________________
2. It is not necessary for them to wait for me.
They _______________________________________________________________________
3. It is obligatory for us to check out of the hotel before midday.
We ________________________________________________________________________
4. It is a good idea for him to study hard if he wants to pass his exam.
He ________________________________________________________________________
5. I feel it is very important that you try to go to bed early tonight.
You ________________________________________________________________________
6. It isn't a good idea to believe everything you read on the internet.
You ________________________________________________________________________
7. It is obligatory to drive on the left side of the road in the UK.
You ________________________________________________________________________
8. It is forbidden to cross the border without a passport.
You ________________________________________________________________________
9. It is not necessary for his present to be expensive.
His present __________________________________________________________________

9
4.3 Possibility, certainty and expectation

We use the modal verbs may, could, might, can’t and must to talk about things that are possible or
certain.

10
4.3.1 Practice – must or can’t
Complete the sentences below with ‘must’ or ‘can’t’.

1. Sandra's new boyfriend _________________________ be very popular. Everybody seems to

know him.
2. Phillip _________________________ be on Facebook. Everybody is these days.
3. You know your grammar really well. This exercise _________________________ be difficult
for you.
4. Running a marathon _________________________ be really difficult if you don't run every
week.
5. It _________________________ be Hector at the door. He left the party an hour ago.
6. You've been working in the garden all day. You _________________________ be really tired
now.
7. The dog _________________________ be hungry. Feed her!
8. It _________________________ be easy living in an extremely cold climate like in Siberia.

4.3.2 Practice – should or shouldn’t

In each of the pictures below, something is wrong or not expected. Complete each person’s
thought using should or shouldn’t and a suitable infinitive.

1. "The bill _________________________ so expensive."

2. "My food _________________________ here by now."
3. "I _________________________ feeling so ill after taking the medicine."
4. "There _________________________ all these spelling mistakes."
5. "She _________________________ how to use a printer."
6. "They _________________________ here. The meeting is about to start."

11
4.3.3 Practice

Rewrite the sentences below using a suitable modal verb from page 10. More than one answer is
possible in some cases.

1. There is a chance that Jean is at home.

Jean _______________________________________________________________________
2. I expect that it won't be difficult to finish this task on time.
This task ____________________________________________________________________
3. It is possible that Patrick isn't playing football with his friends.
Patrick _____________________________________________________________________
4. It is possible that the criminal is dangerous.
The criminal _________________________________________________________________
5. Alison doesn't speak Italian (this is unexpected because her mother is Italian).
Alison _____________________________________________________________________
6. I don't know the score, but I am certain Spain are winning the match.
I don’t know the score,but Spain ________________________________________________
7. I don't expect that we will have any problems on our journey.
We _______________________________________________________________________
8. You can ask Alan, but it's possible that he doesn't know.
You can ask Alan, but _________________________________________________________
9. It's impossible that Shenzhen is in India. It sounds more like a Chinese city.
Shenzhen __________________________________________________________________

12
4.4 Requests, offers, invitations and permission

We use the modal verbs can, could, may, would, will and shall for requests, offers, invitations and
permission. Study the table below.

13
4.4.1 Practice 1 – Requests and offers

Listen to a dialogue between a host and guest. You can find the dialogue on Smartschool (SevenUp
English – Documents – Course – 7-Sports – 4.4.1 Dialogue). Complete the four requests/offers and
replies below.

1. A: _________________________ you something to drink?

B: Yes, please. A coffee _________________________ nice.
2. A: _________________________ lunch now?
B: No thanks, I'm _________________________.
3. A: _________________________ one of those biscuits over there? They look very tasty.
B: Yes, of course. _________________________.
4. A: _________________________ my email from your computer? I'm expecting an important
message.
B: _________________________ the internet isn't working at the moment.

4.4.2 Practice 2

What would you say in the situations below? Use the modal verbs from the grid in 4.4. More than
one answer may be possible.

1. You need to take a short break from your work. Ask your boss for permission. Be polite.
____________________________________________________________________________
2. You are organising a party. Invite your friend Ross.
____________________________________________________________________________
3. You are at a clothes shop. You see a shirt that you really like. Ask the shop assistant to show
it to you.
____________________________________________________________________________
4. You see an old lady trying to carry some heavy bags. Offer to help her.
____________________________________________________________________________
5. You have arranged to have lunch with a friend at 2pm. Ask her if she can meet you at 1pm
instead.
____________________________________________________________________________
6. A stranger asks for permission to smoke in your building. You refuse.
____________________________________________________________________________
7. You need to post a letter urgently, but you have no time. Your neighbour is going out. Ask
him/her to do it for you. Be polite.
____________________________________________________________________________

14
5 The Olympic Games
Read the text about the Olympic Games and complete the definitions below with the words in
bold.

The Olympic Games were first held in Greece between 776 BC and 393 AD. They were a series of
competitions among different city-states and consisted of athletic events such as running and jumping,
as well as combat events such as boxing and wrestling. The Games were a time of goodwill -- all
conflicts between the participating city-states were postponed until the competition was finished.

The modern Olympic Games began in Athens in 1896. 14 nations and 241 athletes competed in 43
events. Today there are about 300 events and over 205 participating countries. Almost every sport is
included, including aquatic events such as swimming. The Games are regulated by the International
Olympic Committee and are hosted every four years by a different nation. No Olympics were held in
1916, 1940 and 1944, because of war.

As the Games became more popular, the Olympic Committee made some important changes. In 1921,
they decided to hold a winter version of the Games. The Winter Olympics officially began in 1924 in
France. In 1960, Rome hosted the first official Paralympic Games, a multi-sport event which allows
athletes with physical disabilities to compete. This started as a small sporting event among British
World War II veterans in 1948. In 2010, Singapore hosted the first Youth Olympic Games, which allowed
athletes between the ages of 14 and 18 to compete.

1. _________________________: sports events which include running, jumping and throwing

2. _________________________: sports events in which competitors fight each other
3. _________________________: sports events that take place in water
4. _________________________: made to happen
5. _________________________: injuries that make it difficult to do things that other people
do, e.g. walk
6. _________________________: ex-soldiers
7. _________________________: controlled
8. _________________________: friendly, co-operative feelings

15
6 Olympics doping scandal
Scan the text to find the information below.

1. The number of athletes who could be banned from competing at the Rio Olympic Games in
2016: _____________________
2. The number of retested samples from the 2008 Games in Beijing: _____________________
3. The number of years that samples are kept for: _____________________
4. The number of retested samples from the London Olympics in 2012: ____________________
5. The number of Olympic associations that will be affected by the latest scandal: ___________
6. The date when it was confirmed that Russian athletes were cheating: ___________________

Olympics doping scandal: 31 new positive tests

18th May 2016

1 According to the International Olympic Committee (IOC), up to 31 athletes from six sports could be
banned from the Rio Games in 2016.

2 The IOC retested 454 selected doping samples from the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing. The IOC
keeps samples for 10 years because it can be retest them later when there are more modern testing
methods.

3 The IOC said the retests focused on athletes who could potentially start at the Olympic Games Rio
2016. As a result, up to 31 athletes from six sports will probably not be allowed to compete at the
Olympic Games in Rio.

4 The IOC also retested samples from the 2012 Olympics in London and is waiting for the results of
250 retests.

5 "We do not allow cheats to win," IOC president Thomas Bach said.
"We keep samples for 10 years so that the cheats know that they can never rest."

6 However, the IOC has not mentioned any names of athletes yet. First, it will inform the athletes' 12
national Olympic associations and later it will announce their names.

7 The organisation also confirmed that it will start re-testing samples from the Sochi 2014 Winter
Olympics. Last week, somebody said that Russian secret service agents tried to protect drug cheats in
Sochi, although the Russian authorities said that this was not true.

8 This latest doping scandal comes only a few months after Russia and Kenya broke anti-doping rules.
On November 9, the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) confirmed that many Russian athletes were
using banned drugs and coaches, doctors, state and sports officials tried to hide this fact. As a result,
Russia was banned from international competition.

9 Sports minister Vitaly Mutko said this week that Russia was "very sorry" and "ashamed" of the
cheating athletes who were not caught by its anti-doping systems. But he said that clean athletes
should not be punished.

10 Kenyan athletes were also involved in a recent doping scandal. However, Kenyan sports minister
Hassan Wario is confident the nation will not be banned from Rio. WADA has written to Kenya,
explaining what it must do to meet the anti-doping regulations.
16
Sources: BBC, Reuters, RT, FoxSports
Are these statements true or false? If it is false, explain why it is.

1. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) keep tests for 10 years.

____________________________________________________________________________
2. All samples from the Beijing Olympics were retested.
____________________________________________________________________________
3. At the moment, no athletes from the 2012 London Olympics are on the list of banned
athletes.
____________________________________________________________________________
4. The IOC has already announced the names of the dopers.
____________________________________________________________________________
5. Russian athletes are currently not allowed to compete in international competitions.
____________________________________________________________________________
6. The Russian athletes who were caught doping were already known to be cheats in Russia.
____________________________________________________________________________
7. Kenyan athletes have not yet been banned from the Rio Olympics.
____________________________________________________________________________

Find a word in the text which means...

1. perhaps (adverb, P3): _______________________________

2. keep someone or something safe from something dangerous or bad (verb, P7):
_______________________________
3. people who work for a government department: (plural noun, P8):
_______________________________
4. guilty or embarrassed about something (adjective, P9):
_______________________________
5. honest, playing fair (adjective, P9): _______________________________
6. certain that something will happen (adjective, P10): _______________________________

17
7 Sport is great
Below are four word clouds. Use the words in each word cloud to make a statement about sport.

Match the idioms on the left to its definition on the right.

Idiom definition
1. against all odds a. to try hard to defeat someone and make it
difficult for them to win
2. to give it your best shot b. to give up
3. to give someone a run for their money c. despite difficulties or a low probability
4. to win hands down d. it is your responsibility or decision to do
something about a situation
5. to throw in the towel e. to try your hardest; put in a lot of effort
6. to be a one trick pony f. to win easilyand by a large extent
7. the ball is in your court g. to be good at (and succesful in) only on
thing

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

18
Use the idioms you have just learned to fill in the gaps.

1. Alex is only really good at football. He can’t play any other sports. He’s a
__________________________________.
2. It was really unlikely that Shammi would survive after the crash, but,
__________________________________ she has made a full recovery.
3. Although Andy lost the game, Roger had to try really hard and it wasn’t an easy victory. Andy
gave him __________________________________.
4. My football team beat the opposition by five goals. They played really well and
__________________________________.
5. Jessica has been trying to be a professional swimmer since she was five. Now she is 21 and
she still hasn’t had much success, so she has decided to
__________________________________.
6. Pete’s gymnastics coach told him that the decision about the competition was up to him. He
said, “ __________________________________”
7. David really wanted to become an athlete but he knew he would have to work really hard to
be successful. He decided to __________________________________.

8 Strange sports
You are going to read an article about unusual sports around the world. Before you read, match
the statements to the sports. Then scan the text on the next page to confirm or correct your
answers.

Chess boxing Extreme Ironing Quidditch

Shin-kicking Swamp football Wife carrying

1. The sport is a test of intelligence and physical strength.

__________________________________
2. Soldiers play this sport as a training exercise. __________________________________
3. The sport began in Scandinavia and is also popular in the Baltic region.
__________________________________
4. People press their clothes in very strange places, such as on top of a mountain.
__________________________________
5. In the past, it's likely competitors wore boots with steel on the toe to give them an
advantage. __________________________________
6. The game started life in the Harry Potter books before it became a reality.
__________________________________

19
Strange sports
1 Ever wondered what it would be like to play football in a swamp or iron your clothes underwater?
Here we take a look at some of the more unusual sports from around the world:
2 Extreme Ironing
The `sport' of Extreme Ironing, described as "an outdoor activity that combines the danger and
excitement of an `extreme' sport with the satisfaction of a well pressed shirt," was supposedly invented
in England in the 1980s. Inspired by his eccentric brother who ironed even when camping, Tony Haim
decided to try ironing in strange locations, such as in a car park, to show how pointless it was. Some
more dangerous Extreme Ironing locations include a motorway, in the air while parachuting, and under
an ice sheet in a lake.
3 Swamp football
Swamp football is a form of football played in swamps, which originated in Finland. Soldiers and athletes
still play it as a training exercise because the swamp creates physically demanding conditions. The first
organised championship was held in Finland in 1998. There are currently estimated to be 300 swamp
football teams around the world.
4 Cheese rolling
Every year at Cooper's Hill in Gloucestershire, England, competitors race down a hill after a giant cheese.
The first person to get to the bottom of the hill wins the cheese. The cheese can reach speeds of up to 70
miles an hour, and has injured spectators before. Several people have also been injured rolling down the
hill, as it is very steep.
5 Chess boxing
The hybrid sport began in 2003, after its Dutch inventor was inspired by a graphic novel. Competitors
fight 11 three-minute alternate rounds of traditional chess and boxing. The sport is especially tiring as
fighters have to switch between a high energy activity and one where they need to think clearly and
calmly.
6 Wife carrying
Another sport that began life in Finland, this competition involves husbands carrying wives on their backs
around an obstacle course. The woman can be carried over the shoulders, on the man's back or Estonian
style, where the woman hangs upside down with her arms around the man's waist and her legs around
his neck. The man does not have to carry his own wife, but she must be over 17.
7 Toe wrestling
Toe wrestling is like arm wrestling - but with toes. Dating back to 1976 to an English pub in Derbyshire,
barefoot competitors lock their toes and try to pin their opponent's foot down. The organisers of the
sport had high hopes for it, even trying to get it included in the Olympic Games.
8 Shin-kicking
In this sport, two competitors have to kick each other's shins until only one of them is left standing.
Players need agility and a high tolerance for pain. It became popular in the United States in the 19th
century, after immigrants from the UK took the game there. It's possible that some shin-kickers even
wore steel-toed boots during competitions.
9 Quidditch
The real life version of the game described in the Harry Potter books is played with broomsticks on a
hockey field, instead of in the air. The game first began in the United States and many universities have
now added it to their list of team sports. Many other countries now have teams and in the UK there is a
Quidditch league.
Sources: Wikipedia, Topend sports, Chess Boxing, Huffpost, Business Insider, List25, The Telegraph, BabaMail
20
Are these statements true or false? Correct the false ones.
1. The cheese rolling competition isn't risky.

____________________________________________________________________________
2. A graphic novelist was the man who invented chess boxing.

____________________________________________________________________________
3. Competitors in the wife carrying competition can carry someone else's wife.

____________________________________________________________________________
4. The organisers of toe wrestling wanted it to become an official Olympic sport.

____________________________________________________________________________
5. Quidditch is only played by a few teams in the United States.

____________________________________________________________________________

Find a word or phrase in the text which means ...

1. got the idea to do something from (verb + preposition, P.2):

__________________________________
2. tiring for the body (collocation, P.3): __________________________________
3. people that watch a sport (noun - plural, P.4): __________________________________
4. a series of objects that you have to climb over or under in a race or training exercise (noun,
P.6): __________________________________
5. hold (something) on the ground so that it can't move (phrasal verb, P.6):
__________________________________
6. a strong feeling about something good happening (collocation, P.7):
__________________________________
7. the ability to move quickly and easily (noun, P.8): __________________________________
8. a great ability to stand something unpleasant (collocation, P.8):
__________________________________
Complete the sentences with a suitable verb in the correct tense.

combine estimate injure invent originate switch

1. Several cyclists ____________________________ during the race last week.

2. The two nations have said they ____________________________ as one country to compete
at the next Winter Olympics.
3. They ____________________________ that it would take two hours to drive to the coast.
4. Yesterday, the organisers ____________________________ the month of the tournament
from May to June.
5. The dish ____________________________ in China but there are now many variations
around the world.
6. The battery ____________________________ by an Italian physicist.

21
9 Talking about sports
You are going to do a conversation with your teacher about sports. Your teacher will ask a few of
the following questions. Make sure that you prepare these questions and that you are able to talk
about them.

1. Do you do any sports? Which one?

2. Are you or have you ever been a member of any sports team? What position did you play?
3. What sports are you good at?
4. Do you know how to play any unusual sports?
5. Which sports do you like to watch on TV?
6. Which sports do you dislike? Why?
7. Have you ever been to any professional sporting events? Talk about your experience.
8. What is the most popular sport in your country? Why?
9. Who is the most successful sportsman in your country? Why?
10. Do professional athletes in your country make a lot of money?
11. Do you think professional sportsmen earn too much money?
12. Do you think professional sports are too commercial nowadays?
13. Who is your favorite professional athlete or sportsman? Why?
14. Would you like to try an extreme sport? Why/why not?
15. What are some of the benefits of doing sport?
N D/C C/B A
Je gesprekspartner Als je gesprekspartner Je gesprekspartner Je boodschap komt
krijgt niet de boodschap echt moeite doet, zal hij weet wat je bedoelt en prima over bij je
die hij moet krijgen. begrijpen waar het over wat er van hem gesprekspartner.
gaat. verwacht wordt.
Je begrijpt je Je begrijpt je Je begrijpt je Je begrijpt je
gesprekspartner gesprekspartner eerder gesprekspartner gesprekspartner (zeer)
(nagenoeg) niet. niet. Je hebt te veel voldoende mits goed.
herhaling en/of extra beperkte herhaling
toelichting nodig. en/of extra toelichting.
Een te groot aantal Een groot aantal fouten Een beperkt aantal De tekst toont weinig
fouten tegen uitspraak tegen uitspraak en fouten tegen uitspraak tot geen fouten tegen
en intonatie maken het intonatie hinderen een en intonatie hinderen uitspraak en intonatie.
begrijpen van de tekst vlot begrijpen van de een vlot begrijpen van Dit leidt tot een
onmogelijk. tekst. de tekst niet. vlot(ter) begrijpen van
de tekst.
Je kent de nodige Je gebruikt niet de Meestal gebruik je de Je beheerst de
woordenschat niet juiste woorden, maar juiste woorden. Je moet woordenschat die je
goed genoeg. Je moet de boodschap komt soms wat langer nodig hebt om deze
soms zo lang denken over. denken. Als je toch een opdracht te kunnen
dat er ongemakkelijke woord niet kent, vind je maken.
stiltes vallen. een goed alternatief.
Je kent de nodige Je gebruikt niet de Meestal gebruik je de Je beheerst de
grammatica niet goed juiste grammatica, juiste grammatica. Je grammatica die je nodig
genoeg. Je moet soms maar de boodschap moet soms wat langer hebt om deze opdracht
zo lang denken dat er komt over. denken. te kunnen maken.
ongemakkelijke stiltes
vallen.

22
10 Muhammad Ali dies
What do you know about one of the most famous boxers of all time? Choose the best answers and
then scan the text to check.

1. Where was Muhammad Ali born?

a. Louisville b. Los Angeles c. Mississippi
2. How old was he when he started training?
a. 8 years old b. 12 years old c. 14 years old
3. How old was he when he first won the heavyweight title?
a. 22 years old b. 26 years old c. 32 years old
4. When did he retire?
a. In 1978 b. In 1980 c. In 1981
5. How many times did he fight?
a. 31 b. 41 c. 61
6. How many times did he lose?
a.0 b.2 c. 5
Are these statements true or false? Explain why the `False answers' are false.

1. Nobody was surprised by Muhammad Ali's death.

____________________________________________________________________________
2. Ali was known for his hard punches.

____________________________________________________________________________
3. His actions outside the ring were unusual for a boxer.

____________________________________________________________________________
4. Ali was not allowed to box for nearly four years because he chose not to fight in the Vietnam
War.

____________________________________________________________________________
5. Many people felt that they could speak publicly against the Vietnam War because of
Muhammad Ali.

____________________________________________________________________________
6. Ali's last two fights were very close.

____________________________________________________________________________
7. Ali was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease as soon as he retired.

____________________________________________________________________________

23
Muhammad Ali dies
6th June 2016
1 On Saturday, people around the world found out that Muhammad Ali had died. For many
years, the former heavyweight boxing champion had suffered from a serious disease called
Parkinson's, but his death was a shock to many people.

2 Since the news, many well-known figures have shown their respect for the great
sportsman. "Muhammad Ali shook up the world. And the world is better for it," said US
President Barack Obama and his wife Michelle.

3 Former President Bill Clinton said the boxer had been "courageous in the ring, inspiring to
the young, compassionate to those in need".

4 Ali was born Cassius Marcellus Clay in Louisville, Kentucky, United States. He began training
when he was 12 years old and at 22 he won the heavyweight championship from Sonny
Liston in 1964. He also became the first boxer to win the world heavyweight title three
separate times.

5 Ali had a very unusual boxing style for a heavyweight. He often said, "float like a butterfly,
sting like a bee". He wasn't a very powerful puncher, but he had very fast hand speed and
reflexes. He constantly moved in the ring, dancing around his opponents for most of the
fight, and throwing quick punches.

6 Ali was well-known for his funny and provocative comments as well as his boxing skills
inside the ring.

7 But he was also a civil rights campaigner and poet. He gave speeches at colleges and
universities across the country, which was very rare a boxer. He was also famous for
refusing to serve in the US Army when the US was involved in the Vietnam War. As a result,
the police arrested him and he lost his boxing license. He didn't fight again for nearly four
years. However, his actions inspired many figures to express their opinions about the war in
public.

8 Ali's boxing career ended in 1981, when he lost to Trevor Berbick in a one-sided match. For
many people, he retired too late. Ali fought a total of 61 times as a professional, losing five
times and winning 37 matches by knockout.

9 Soon after retiring, people began to discuss the state of Ali's health because he started to
speak more slowly and he often seemed tired. He was later diagnosed with Parkinson's
disease but he continued to make public appearances, receiving warm welcomes wherever
he travelled.

10 When somebody asked him how he would like to be remembered, he once said he would
like to be remembered as a man who won the heavyweight title three times, who was
funny and who treated everyone well.

Sources: BBC, Wikipedia

24
Complete the rules below with ...

present perfect (have/has + past participle) past simple past perfect (had + past participle)

1. We use the ____________________________ to talk about a completed event in the past:

2. We often use the ____________________________ to talk about a situation that began in

the past and continues up to the present or future.

3. We often use the ____________________________ to talk about past actions or situations

that happened before a specific time in the past.

Now complete the sentences below. Use the correct tense.

1. I ____________________________ (not/have) breakfast this morning.

2. Until now, it ____________________________ (hardly ever/snow).
3. When we arrived at the party, he ____________________________ (already/leave).
4. Dave ____________________________ (give up) smoking four years ago.
5. It was my first time in Argentina. I ____________________________ (never/be) there
before.
6. I don't want another drink. I ____________________________ (drink) enough already.
7. I ____________________________ (never/visit) Paris. What's it like?
8. When you texted me, I ____________________________ (just/finish) painting the bedroom.
9. The lion is really hungry. It ____________________________ (not/eat) for days.
10. ____________________________ (you/meet) Kate for lunch yesterday?

25
11 Shoe story
Answer these questions first.

1. What shoes are you wearing right now? Why did you buy these shoes?
2. How many pairs of shoes do you think you buy every year?
3. What do you do with shoes that you don’t want any more?

You are going to watch a video about the shoe industry and how it is changing. Before you watch,
match these key words from the video with their meanings.

1. aesthetic a. a document giving information about a

person's education and work experience (US in
the UK it is more commonly called a Curriculum
Vitae, or CV for short)
2. apparel b. a person who makes predictions about the
future, eg about weather or trends
3. to appeal to c. a person who starts a business or
organisation
4. footwear d. artificial, not natural
5. founder e. be attractive or interesting to a particular
type of person
6. forecaster f. causing minimal damage to the environment
and so can continue for a long time
7. to drive innovation g. clothing, especially in a business or retail
context
8. to grind h. fashionable shoes for sports or every day (US
in the UK these are more commonly called
trainers)
9. résumé i. related to beauty or the study of beauty
10. sneakers j. shoes, especially in a business or retail
context
11. sustainable k. to be the major cause of new developments
12. synthetic l. to make something into very small pieces or a
powder

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Go to https://www.linguahouse.com/esl-lesson-plans/general-english/shoe-story You find the

different parts of the video on the right side of the page.
Watch the introduction to the video `Your Sneakers Are Part of the Plastic Problem', and use four
of the words from the last exercise to fill the gaps.

You can tell a lot about a person based on their shoes. And today, there's a ton of options. In 2018,
_________________________ was a $250 billion industry. With over 24 million shoes produced
globally. Just look at Kanye. His shoe and _________________________ line is valued at $1 billion.
The problem is, lots of shoes, especially _________________________ aren't made to last. They're
made of plastic and we can't recycle them. So a lot of them end up as trash. So the question, can
sneakers become _________________________ ?

26
Now watch Parts 2-5 of the video to understand the main ideas and organisation of the
information.
Put these items in the order (1-4) they are mentioned in the video. One item is extra.

1. Collecting sneakers ______

2. Jogging ______
3. The Olympics ______
4. Tennis ______
5. The World Footwear Report ______

Watch Parts 2 and 3 again and answer these questions:

1. Why is tennis important in the story of sneakers?

____________________________________________________________________________
2. What was the first effect of introducing plastic into shoes for jogging?
____________________________________________________________________________
3. Why did athletes who wore sneakers with plastic become faster?
____________________________________________________________________________

Now watch Parts 4 and 5 again and answer these questions:

1. What happens to sneakers as they get older? Which words are used to describe this process?
____________________________________________________________________________
2. What do you think the words in bold mean in this phrase: "So right now shoes are essentially
a hodgepodge of materials ..." Can we recycle old shoes?
____________________________________________________________________________
What will drive innovation in the footwear industry in the future?
____________________________________________________________________________
3. Which surprising material are scientists developing to use for shoes?
____________________________________________________________________________
4. Why is the Adidas Futurecraft.Loop shoe special?
____________________________________________________________________________

Now watch the Conclusion in Part 6 and decide if these statements are true or false.

1. When people look at a shoe, they can easily recognise if the materials are sustainable or not.
____________________________________________________________________________
2. Consumers will buy shoes made sustainably if the shoes look good.
____________________________________________________________________________
3. Companies have already decided to invest a lot of money in producing sustainable shoes.
____________________________________________________________________________

27