I

P4 Jan.2023

t.

(a) Write f ("r) in partial fiactiurr fbrm.

(3)

(b) (i) Hence find, in asceuciing powers of .r up to and including the terms inx2, the
binomial series expansion of f (x). Give each coefficient as a simplified fraction.
(s)

(ii) Find the range ol'lalries o{'x fbr which this expansion is valid.
(1)
dtt O n J*
B
(1 -- k) (t+ zxl 1 -,2 2+ sx

.f Z+la = f) 3k) + 8 Q-*)

'K=l + -/5: = 5f) c)

= ^2 o+ B 5
3
b +"
3 I -x
lx 1-7
"?+
*t
'ln 2' ( I + 33)
2./
,Z 1 1 (-t-l( (- -z)
2
=2 3x + i__2
il
Z (t+(-t 3 1 (-r) (-Al + (-r) _z)
2^

3 + 3t +3 f
,2 - g k+ q
+3ft I
2 2
"t ,4 4
\,2 1). ..^1 1 **.' 5

-! 1x<-1
1i I
Waqe o
tr' / 3 3
2

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2. A set of points P(x,1,) is c'lei'irrcLt by the parainetric equations

t-l 6
t+--2i
v
2t +1 2t +l
(a) Shor,v that all points P(r.,r') lic on a straight line
(4)

(b) IIence or otherwise, finci tirc l coordinate ot'the point of intersection of this line and
the line with equation -1, " .r' i 12
(2)

\i1-) t*t + t- t z
Z"L +1

Fx (=.*l-x +(zx-,)f--x-1
- x-l K+) h.o Lle =ulr. i a y= _e
x-l 'l --2k zfi
(t-zx)
1* 2k
*"k+2 + {*tu 3
'(* 2x 1*tx
iii :'z
I
; f .2tr v 't X+Z L4) l, i. )' l<
*/
1 ezu@A'.n n
- {i,*ie,W- lro*
(L) v *1Tr) t V
I
: T-+1)

/r/
)
+ K+12 = -Llx+l -: 5x=*,/o+G2
X=-)- Y= _> oi.tF o/,

,', N =-2

ffiillllilillllllll llllll ill lllllllff lllllllllllll

iltf,ilfl$t llt WffiDI
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3.
))

o 5 5 x

Figure 1

In this quusti$n vou nrust shorv all stages of your working.

Solutions relying entirely on calculator technology are not acceptable.

Figure 1 shows a sketch of thr uurve with equation

I= t1' x20
!3r=
The finite region ft, shown shaded in Figure 1, is bor"rnded by the cllrve, the -r-axis and
the lines with equations ,r - .,/5 ancl .r: S

The region R is rotated throLrgli -J60" abor"rt tlre x-aris.

Use integration to find the exact volurne of the solicl generated. Give your answer in the
fonn alnb, where a is an itlatiorral nutrber and 6 is a prime number.
f 5* (s)
7( 3k
a
)x 3x)
>x1 s- J z"Xag.
6
-H-siy nfinr {0 r /4. Ktas 1-
5.-
L T ?.
tlx Z
q- t/T
6k
2
3T\ { ,f?
V;

2
LB CI
2
"2

7L t-o (4rt t
a*
I

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4, (a) Using the substitr:tion rr =' ,/i:r+1, siror.r,that

.1)
I Jgr+4 eu2\r1 dx
Jo

may be expressed in tlie ftrlni

d'
l,,tn".''

whele a, b an<lk are constt:urts to be fbund.

(4)

(b) Hence find, by algebraic iritcslation, the exact vaiue of

I --

I Jx* 4 4 .J2x'rt 6,
Jq

giving your answer in sitnple st lbrrn.

,|

(^) _ft = tf_2x+1 - 2v+ t

7
,l
dk= I

ush.^ Z=1 + ll =
x:lz+A= rrg+1
- $'
T=f
t..

rc=#
A={
tt
(4, LL 2lr ( 0L -+ a-= 3 b -=f
l**g -*
1*;i- )t
.

\D in t""
L(, U * tu a
2 k
k
2 X 2
€k
A x. x \
du"= x
t LfX'e 4e
2 x X: 2
€
K*n € "l..r. J
-r*-'- t-7o e-
2-'l (s ( z( ilL- (z) ci \_=
,4)
3"i e
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5.
1)

o x

x-p x'=tl

Figure 2

Figure 2 shows a sketch o1'thc cun,e with equation

)'2:2.x2 + 15;r+ loY

dy
(a) Find in terms of x an.l r'
dx (4)

The curve is not definecl tbr vuiucs of ;r in the interva[ (p, q), as shown in Figure 2.

(b) Using your answer to pran (li1 ril otirelwiso. finci the value ofp and the value of q

(Sohttions relf irt;4 <:ntirell' on c:alculotor rcchnology are not acceptable.)

(3)
17 +tf + tall +(tY qq{-
a) ).y lrz
- Ik +ts
( A
6 dx"
x+ /s
z-l

clr "LY-/o
6) 4.( X=P &k fo, fltt = {1€ + 5et ."(trrow'tna,f<s7 O ,

CJ + I =51 . l/CI
2

25= 2t'+ lrk * 5o + 22-1/5? *25-- o

(zr t 5) o+ 7 =*5 V' x --*l cb
2

-5 2

14

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6. Relative to a fixed origin 0.

. the point,4 has positiori \:cclor 2i - 3j j- 5k

. the point rB has positicln vec:lor 8i -r 3j -- 7k

The line / passes through I ancl /J.

(a) (i) FindZi

(ii) Find a vector equation lirr ihe line i
(3)

The point C has position veclot li I 5i 1- 2k

The point P lies on /

Given that CF is perpendic:ular lo /

(b) find the position vector oi'tlie point P

'-# 6 (s)
8

s
2
: fr$=
)
Z_
*? +-\16
dil <Va, *( / -;;>
(= a ll-

C m
C O

l+
C -Fr6A :+ - 8+<a e *
3*i Z- -t

6Gl +eA)-tC 3+ 64) *1) 3-l2A

*(; +'2< 2 a8+-36A -34 +'ltlq A = o
A) dA = Qa V= 5_
1-
*=+
o
t,
otr 0P: 2
a
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7. The volume Vcm3 of a sphericai balloon r,vrth raclir,rs rcm is given by the formula

4
L': - nt'.'
3
2
(a) Find 4L giving yolrr i*)i\\.r'rtt sitttl'rlest [onr]. ' 4 7L y-
dr (1)

At time / seconds, the volume ol'the balloon is increasing according to the

differential equation

dr/ 900
t>0
dr (2r + 3)1

Given that V:0 when I : t)

(b) (i) solve this differential cqLratiorl to shor.v that

3001
t/-
2r+3

(ii) Hence find the Lrppel irnrit to the volLrme of the balloon.
(s)

(c) Find the radius o{' the ballt;r;n at I : 3, giving yolrr answer in cm to
3 significant figures.
(3)

(d) Find the rate of incrcase o l' thc radius of the balloon at t : 3, giving your answer to
2 significant tigulcs. Sho\v yr)ur working and state the units of your answer.
*2 (3)
tDri ) dV- ?oo IAV 2t 3
ott <,,,,,,-

gt+ il2
1 t/ -
alea -v
+ ?) 1

*l (v Qoo XQt+ B)
bat-f U;.o . N-t t=o +, o
2<t)
1 v= -I-
I
->/J-V= lt+Z:Z t), loo
Qoct 6 a (zt+s) \ ?ao
a (Tt*"i-
t I
--
qe@
+3
() l-r t

1c("Zt+) a
siil- -V-"-.,.a!t-a t, r I
3oa -e - /so
tE-+-z + ( ;t-r 4 6 -+'*
bac 3 3
h V= oo ::) V lob
n
N3+3 b/:-,
J
l) -a
= /"dO

r L-' a
ba
clt elV dt - dt ,l fi y. 2 f;- r't2
plr t q0a
Elr*-,
J \r= /,1i6)
Ll 2 2
CW J.
 A curve C has pararnetric e cluations
8.

,r - sitr'/ ),= 2lant 0<r<, 7T

The point P with pararneter , .,, 'j iie, on C.

t-:+
The line / is the normai to { rt lr. as shou,n in Ficlrre 3
P( $,r)
(a) Show, using calculus, tirat lrr ecluiition lbr / is
/
81; - 1"1 '= 17
t) J- x
2 t?
The region S, shor,vn shaded in fiigure 3. is boLrndecl by C, / and the x-axis. a.

(b) Find, using carcLrlus, rhe eraci ,rea of s'.

oll
--------(r9 .dq
)7t =
A >'^L t-t'7 v
)s\nf "t,t ,4l,4r:= 2te<?t*#=--
",ly
af .ft dA'
(6)

,n &-* dY/rlt Sec

Z
t I
df dr ldt- , ze'int-c65[ s ir, 6 Gbe t)a
/ Ll * hn ::-! +
I ) .2
+t r*'*f
-_ttr (,i* +j Li - 8 - -x + l_ /^ 4
+t /-+ ) X _t7 14/

U) qt P.'?= +
A
s',tt2t:+ +sj ^/': -z_- L=t=&: c{
tri-
ih<_ tt^d V'*aai' d l, ;(7 + a+Zk-=Y] .-v,fr: l1 ,

Ar4A1 a rS f y ax ,d( * a^€rL &( fi'trrr,rg a

ul .-{ ta 2- '/

,t /t t*ft = 8+ t
tl
l-'t L

/e,gt
t
0
C>
e:) t - *s*'tn zt i e
(.

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-
9. A student was asked to pr,rve. lbr' 7r e N, that

"if7.,r is a rriLrltiplc of -1. thenp must be a multiple of 3"

The start of the student's prool'by corrtradiction is shown in the box below.

Assumption:

There exists a nunrber p. p e f\. such thatpr is a multiple of 3, andp is NOT a

multiple of 3

Let p :3k + l, /c e 1.,r'.

ConsiderT,rr:(31i, I)'- ?7tr1 -271;: rglc+1

.,. 3(9*3 + 9k2 + 3/c) +1 .uvhich is not a multiple of 3

(a) Show the calculations anci sliitenlents that are required to complete the proof.
(3)

(b) Hence prove, by contracliction. that i,6 it an ilrational nttmber.

(s)

Question
Scheme Marks
Number
e (a)
Let p =3k +2 then (:t * z)' = 2J k' + 54k2 + 36/r + 8 M1
3l A1
=3x 9k +18k +12k+3 -1 not a multiple of 3

Sop cannot be o1'lbrm 3/r + I or 3/r-i- 2, since p3 is a multiple of 3. Hence

p must be a multiple of 3, a contracliction of our assumption, hence for all A1
integersp, when p' is a multiple of 3, thenp is a multiple of 3
(3)

Assumption: tirere exist (integers)p and q such that 411=!

(b) B1
fwherep and 17 have no (non-trivial) common factors.)

1) M1
rhen /3 q
p
3
3q
3

!o p' is a rnultiple of 3 and (so) p is a rrultiple of 3 A1

3 33 dMl
But p =3k=>2lk =3cl * Q 9k
Hence 93 is a rnultiple of 3 so 4 is a mLrltiple of 3, but asp and q have no A1*
(non-trivial) common factors, this is a contradiction,
Hence {i is an irational number.*
(s)
(8 marks)

30
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