A.

LISTENING: (50 pts)

Part 1.
You will hear a man telephoning to ask about a job in a hotel. For questions 1-5, write NO MORE THAN
THREE WORDS for each gap.
West Bay Hotel – details of job
Newspaper advert for 1. …………….
Vacancies for 2. ………..............
Two shifts
Can choose your 3. ………………………
Pay £5.50 per hour, including a 4. ……………….
A 5. ……………………. is provided in the hotel
Total weekly pay £231
Part 2.
You will hear two people discussing a survey connected to the “nanny state.” For each of the following
questions, choose the option which best fits to what you hear. You will listen to the recording twice.
1 What does the man say about the woman’s opinion of the “nanny state?”
A He used to agree with it.
B It may not be widely shared.
C It isn’t logical.
2 The man says that the survey indicates that most people ________.
A have changed their minds about the “nanny state”
B feel that there is no such thing as the “nanny state”
C want the government to tell them what to do on certain issues
3 The woman believes that government action on various health issues ________.
A is the right thing for the government to do
B shows that the “nanny state” can be a good thing
C annoys a great many people
4 The woman thinks that the survey results ________.
A suggest that people have the wrong attitude
B show that people have become very confused
C do not indicate approval of the “nanny state”
5 The woman says that the report in the paper ________.
A may change people’s view on the “nanny state”
B won’t be believed by most readers
C has interpreted people’s opinions incorrectly
Part 3.
You will hear a conversation between a boy, William and a girl Sophie in a music shop. Listen and decide if the
following sentences are True (T) or False (F). Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes.
1. Sophie’s mother works in the town where they live. _________
2. Sophie enjoys shopping in Birmingham. _________
3. William feels confidents about finding his way around Birmingham. _________
4. William can persuade Sophie to buy a different CD from him. _________
5. Sohie is disappointed to have her birthday present early. _________
Part 4
You will hear a radio presenter called Jim Dunne talking about local entertainment options. For questions 1-10,
write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap.

Jim recommends Pagagnini to (1) ........................................

Jim saw a Pagagnini concert last year in (2) ........................................
As well as classical music, Pagagnini play rock, blues and (3) ........................................
Jim says the Pagagnini show has no (4) ........................................
The first performance of Rhythm of the Dance was in (5) ........................................ in Norway.
More than (6) ........................................ people have seen Rhythm of the Dance live on stage.
Jim suggests listeners look at the section entitled (7) ........................................ on the Rhythm of the Dance
website.
The name of the first show that the Cirque Éloize performed at the Regent Theatre was (8)
........................................
Some performers in iD appear on (9) ........................................ and Rollerblades.
One review of iD says it is full of originality, energy and (10) ........................................
B. LEXICO-GRAMMAR (50 points)
Part 1. Choose the best option A, B, C, or D to complete the following sentences and write your answers in
the corresponding numbered boxes.
1. I am going to go round the _________ if they don’t turn that music down soon.
A. bell B. bend C. leg D. stock
2. I was so tired that I couldn’t even think _________
A. mind B. doubt C. focus D. straight
3. The cat slept peacefully _________ in the long grass.
A. huddled B. nestled C. snuggled D. cuddled
4. Mr. Wright _________ his vegetable garden very carefully.
A. tends B. grows C. maintains D. attends
5. She _________ a few clothes into the case and hurried to the airport.
A. shoved B. scattered C. piled D. heaved
6. No teenager really knows what _________ for them career-wise in the future.
A. knuckles own B. lies head C. whiles away D. crops up
7. The consultant called in by the firm brought a _________ of experience to bear on the problem.
A. wealth B. realm C. bank D. hoard
8. Several passengers received minor injuries when the train unexpectedly came to a _________
A. delay B. halt C. break D. stand
9. John refused to put his career in _________ by opposing his boss.
A. jeopardy B. hazard C. risk D. stake
10. The area is famous for its _________ gardens, where all kinds of different vegetables are grown for cash.
A. market B. hothouse C. trade D. greenhouse
11. It is essential to be on the _________ for any signs of movement in the undergrowth since there are
poisonous snakes in the area.
A. guard B. care C. alarm D. alert
12. I could see the lantern _________ in the dark.
A. gleaming B. glowing C. glistening D. glimmering
13. It was a daring robbering, which took place in _________ daylight.
A. broad B. total C. wide D. absolute
14. For my _________ of mind, promise you’ll wear a life jacket in the boat.
A. satisfaction B. contentment C. peace D. calmness
15. By using all the latest technology, the yatchman managed to cross the Atlantic in _________ time.
A. quickest B. lightning C. top D. record
16. I’m afraid Tim doesn’t take much care over his homework. He usually does it _________
A. any old how B. any how C. how on earth D. how come
17. What a mad thing to do! You could all have been killed! It was _________ folly.
A. merely B. only C. sheer D. wild
18. The bark of a tree thickens _________
A. with age B. it gets older C. as older D. by age
19. Widely reproduced in magazines and books, _________
A. Ansel Adams depicted the Western wilderness in his photographs.
B. the Western wilderness was depicted in the photographs of Ansel Adams.
C. Ansel Adam’s photographs deppicted the Western wilderness.
D. it was through his photographs that Ansel Adams depicted the Western wilderness.
20. When I advised you to change jobs, I had your best _________ at heart.
A. feelings B. interests C. thoughts D. aspects
Part 2. Read the passage below which contains 10 mistakes. Identify the mistakes and write the corrections in
the corresponding numbered boxes.
Example: Line 1: wrongly  wrong
Human memory, formerly believing to be rather inefficient, is really more sophisticated than that of
a computer. Researchers approaching the problem from a variation of viewpoints have all concluded
that there is a great deal more storing in our minds than has been generally supposed. Dr. Wilder
Penfield, a Canadian neurosurgery, proved that by stimulating their brains electrically, he can elicit
the total recall of specific events in his subjects’ lives. Even dreams and another minor events
supposedly forgotten for many years suddenly emerged in details. Although the physical basic for
memory is not yet understood, one theory is how the fantastic capacity for storage in the brain is the
result of an almost unlimited combination of interconnections between brain cell, stimulated by
patterns of activity. Repeated references with the same information support recall. In other words,
improved performance is the result of strengthening the chemical bonds in the memory.
Your answers:
Line Mistakes Corrections
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Part 3. Complete each sentence with one suitable particle or preposition. Write your answer in the box
provided.
1.Something’s cropped _________, I am afraid I won’t be able to make it this afternoon.
2. They are planning to wind ________ their operation in Greece and concentrate on Eastern Europe.
3. Tina is an authority _________ Byzaantine architecture.
4. His sense of fun has rubbed _________ his children.
5.– “ Will the concert start soon?”
_ “ It should get _________ way any minute now.”
6. Being rich doesn’t count _________ much on a desert island.
7. The company’s announced it’s laying _________ 1,000 workers.
8. Could you lend me some money to tide _________ me to the end of the month?
9. If the business does well, I’ll hopefully be able to take _________ a part-time assistant in the spring.
10. When I was younger I wanted to be an air pilot but I soon went  _________ the idea when I realised I hated
flying.

Part 4. Write the correct form of the words given in the brackets. Write your answers in the spaces provided
below.
WITH MANY THANKS
Many people have given (0. ASSIST) ...assistance… to me during the writing of this book, but it is to Miss
Leigh Keith, senior editor of Ramsay and Brown that I am most deeply (1. DEBT) _________ for her loyalty
and (2. DEVOTE) _________ during the four years the project lasted. She gave her time and advice (3. STINT)
_________ in order for this work to be completed, giving both moral and (4. PRACTICE) _________ support
for the lengthy research into social conditions the project (5. NECESSARY) _________ Her assurance and
encouragement sustained me in my (6. BELIEVE) _________ that this was valuable work and it was (7.
DOUBT) _________ what enabled me to continue in the face of often discouraging circumstances. I must also
thank my father, who has been a (8. WILL) _________ collaborator in all my efforts and who spent long hours
in libraries and on trains to distant parts of the country in search of material. I know that he will say that he
enjoyed it, but without his (9. FLAG) _________ enthusiasm this book would never have been written. Finally,
I would like to thank my friends and family, who have had to put up with what must have seemed to them an
(10. EXCEPT) _________ long drawn out piece of writing. Thank you, all of you, very much.

C. READING (50 points)

Part 1. Read the following passage and decide which answer (A, B, C, or D) best fits each gap. Write your
answers in corresponding numbered boxes.
Driving from Beijing to Paris
'Every journey begins with a single step.' We might (1) _________ this proverb for the 16,000 km Beijing to
Paris car rally, and say that every rally begins with a (2) _________ of the wheel. From China, several hundred
courageous men and women will (3) _________ out for Paris in pursuit of what, for many, is likely to prove an
impossible dream. Everybody is prepared for the worst and expects a high drop-out rate, especially on the rally's
difficult first stage across central China and over the high mountain (4) _________ of the Himalayas. 'If twenty-
five cars (5) _________ it to Paris, we'll be doing well,' says Philip Young, the rally organizer.
Now planned as an annual event, the first Beijing-Paris car rally took place in 1907. It was won by Prince
Borghese, an Italian adventurer, who crossed the (6) _________ line just a few meters (7) _________ of the
only other car to complete the race. Nowadays, not many people know about Prince Borghese, but at the time
his achievement was regarded as comparable to that of Marco Polo, who travelled from Venice to China in the
thirteenth century.
According to the rules , all the cars in the rally must be more than thirty years old, which means that the (8)
roads and high altitude are a (9) _________ test of both the cars and the drivers. A sense of adventure is
essential. One driver said, 'Our (10) _________ is to have a good time, enjoy the experience and the
magnificent scenery - and the adventure of a lifetime.'
1 A adapt B moderate C improve D form
2 A revolution B circle C rotation D turn
3 A head B move C set D try
4 A crossings B passes C directions D passages
5 A get B take C have D make
6 A closing B final C ending D finishing
7 A forward B ahead C front D advance
8 A crude B undeveloped C broken D rough
10 A firm B strict C severe D grave
10 A aim B target C proposal D intent
Part 2. Read the following text and fill in the blank with ONE suitable word. Write your answers in
corresponding numbered boxes.
ALL WORK AND NO PLAY
Universally, work has been a central focus point (0) ... in ... society. As old as the idea of work (1) _________
is the question of what constitutes ‘real work’. This is, in fact, a very subjective question indeed. (2)_________
you to ask a miner, or any labourer for that matter, what real work is, he would probably reply that real work
entails working (3) _________ your hands and, in the process, getting them dirty. To the average blue-collar
worker, whitecollar workers are those people who sit in their offices day (4)_________ day doing little or
(5)_________ in the line of actual work.
By (6)_________, if you approached a white-collar worker or a professional of (7) _________ sort with the
same question, you can rest assured that they (8) _________ adamantly maintain that the world would stop
revolving (9) _________ their invaluable intellectual contribution to the scheme of things.
This idea is reflected in the vocabulary used to describe work and its related subjects. Words like career,
vocation and profession carry a more elevated connotation than the simple term ‘job’. The (10) _________
three lexical items convey the idea of learned persons sitting at desks and using their grey matter to solve
matters involving financial, legal or medical matters, while the humble slave away at some mundane work
station or assembly line task.
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Part 3. Read the following passage and circle the best answer to each of the following questions. Write your
answers in corresponding numbered boxes.

HELP YOURSELF
In the last couple of decades, self-help books have been a publishing phenomenon, often topping the
bestseller lists. Readers have lapped up their advice on how to do a wide variety of things, from
becoming successful and rich to improving their relationships. If you’re facing a particular problem in
your life, there’s a host of self-help books for you. If you have the idea that you want to improve
yourself in some way, there are any number of self-help titles just waiting to advise you. If you want a
successful career, no problem – step-by-step guides will tell you exactly what to do. But, despite their
enormous success, there’s a question many people ask: do these books actually do what they claim to?
Obviously, as in any field of publishing, some self-help books are better than others. Some may be
based on actual research and case studies – there’s some substance to them that suggests they can, at
least to some extent, be taken seriously. Others, however, amount to little more than psychobabble –
empty nonsense dressed up as serious psychological insight. These books bombard the reader with a
mass of meaningless jargon, disguising the fact that they have nothing to say beyond the obvious that
you would not need to buy a book to know. It’s the latter category that has given self-help books a bad
name among critics of the genre.
The kind of advice given in self-help books is often more or less the same. What really amounts to
pretty standard statements are made in many of them, but does this advice stand up to scrutiny?
Psychologists who have studied a range of self-help books connected with happiness say the answer to
this is “not always.” They say that although the emphasis the books place on aiming for good
relationships with families, friends, and colleagues has, in some ways, some scientific basis in terms of
what does actually lead to personal happiness, in other ways the advice given is actually false.
For example, the books commonly tell you that it is good to express your anger; the psychologists say
this simply causes you to remain angry. You are often told to try to think happy thoughts when you are
sad; the psychologists say that attempting to do this simply emphasizes your unhappiness for you. The
books tell you to focus entirely on your aims in life, looking only at the desired outcome; psychologists
say you need to focus just as much on the problems you have to overcome in order to reach your goals.
The books tell you to keep praising yourself to increase and maintain a high level of self-belief; the
psychologists say that actually this doesn’t work because you need praise from other people in order to
increase your self-esteem.
Perhaps the key question on self-help books is: do they work? Do people feel they have directly helped
them? Whatever critics may say, do the people who buy and read them get real results from them? The
answer to this question appears to be “sometimes.” Research indicates that the kind of book that deals
with a particular problem can be effective in helping people with that problem, particularly if the
problem in question isn’t a severe one, for example mild depression or anxiety. The situation is less
clear with books dealing with personal growth or development. Some people do say that these books
have helped them but it is by no means certain, and hard to measure, whether this is really the case.
What is clear about all self-help books, however, is that they offer people hope. The actual advice they
give and whether or not this is accurate or effective is probably less important than the fact that they
tell the reader that change is possible, that there is hope of a better life, that people can overcome
difficulties and improve themselves and their situation. While this may sound like a good thing, there
is, however, a downside to it. To get people to buy them, these books often make exaggerated claims
about what they will do for people. They can raise unrealistic expectations in the reader, suggesting
that a better life can quite easily be achieved, that anyone can get what they want out of life. The truth
is, of course, that changing yourself and your life may be very difficult indeed and require an immense
amount of effort, if it is even achievable at all. So self-help books are open to the claim that they
present a false picture that can only lead to disappointment in the end.

1 In the first paragraph, what does the writer emphasize about self-help books?
A The number of them available. B How quickly the genre became popular.
C The fact that one person might buy many of them.
 2 In the second paragraph, the writer expresses a preference for self-help books which ________.
A don’t use any jargon at all B explain technical terms in a clear way
C give examples to support their advice
3 The writer says that self-help books containing a lot of “psychobabble” ________.
A are seldom popular with readers B exist in greater numbers than other kinds of self-help books
C have affected the reputation of all self-help books
4 What does the writer say about self-help books connected with happiness?
A There is evidence to support some of the advice they give.
B They vary more than other kinds of self-help books.
C They are the most popular kind of self-help book.
5 Psychologists say that some advice in books about happiness ________.
A could produce different bad feelings in people B could make people feel worse than they did
C is too hard for people to carry out
6 Which of the following do psychologists believe?
A Focusing on problems is more important than focusing on goals.
B You won’t have greater self-confidence unless other people praise you.
C Thinking only about aims can result in greater unhappiness.
7 Research into whether self-help books really help people suggests that ________.
A those dealing with personal growth and development are the least useful
B people want to believe that they have helped them a lot
C they are not very useful for serious problems
8 What do all self-help books have in common, according to the writer?
A They all contain some useful advice. B They all have the same basic message.
C They all sympathize with the reader.
9 When asking whether self-help books work, the writer suggests that ________.
A this may be more important than whether the advice is correct
B not enough attention has been paid to this
C readers may not be honest about this
10 The writer concludes in that last paragraph that self-help books ________.
A are more influential than is generally thought B are only taken seriously by certain kinds of person
C may actually be harmful to people
Part 4. Read the following text and do the tasks that follow.
REVIEW OF RESEARCH ON THE EFFECTS OF FOOD PROMOTION TO CHILDREN
This review was commissioned by the Food Standards Agency to examine the current research evidence on:
• the extent and nature of food promotion to children
• the effect, if any, that this promotion has on their food knowledge, preferences and behaviour.
A Children’s food promotion is dominated by television advertising, and the great majority of this promotes
the so-called ‘Big Four’ of pre-sugared breakfast cereals, soft-drinks, confectionary and savoury snacks. In the
last ten years advertising for fast food outlets has rapidly increased. There is some evidence that the dominance
of television has recently begun to wane. The importance of strong, global branding reinforces a need for multi-
faceted communications combining television with merchandising, ‘tie-ins’ and point of sale activity. The
advertised diet contrasts sharply with that recommended by public health advisors, and themes of fun and
fantasy or taste, rather than health and nutrition, are used to promote it to children. Meanwhile, the
recommended diet gets little promotional support.
B There is plenty of evidence that children notice and enjoy food promotion. However, establishing whether
this actually influences them is a complex problem. The review tackled it by looking at studies that had
examined possible effects on what children know about food, their food preferences, their actual food behaviour
(both buying and eating), and their health outcomes (eg. obesity or cholesterol levels). The majority of studies
examined food advertising, but a few examined other forms of food promotion. In terms of nutritional
knowledge, food advertising seems to have little influence on children’s general perceptions of what constitutes
a healthy diet, but, in certain contexts, it does have an effect on more specific types of nutritional knowledge.
For example, seeing soft drink and cereal adverts reduced primary aged children’s ability to determine correctly
whether or not certain products contained real fruit.
 C The review also found evidence that food promotion influences children’s food preferences and their
purchase behaviour. A study of primary school children, for instance, found that exposure to advertising
influenced which foods they claimed to like; and another showed that labelling and signage on a vending
machine had an effect on what was bought by secondary school pupils. A number of studies have also shown
that food advertising can influence what children eat. One, for example, showed that advertising influenced a
primary class’s choice of daily snack at playtime.
D The next step, of trying to establish whether or not a link exists between food promotion and diet or obesity,
is extremely difficult as it requires research to be done in real world settings. A number of studies have
attempted this by using amount of television viewing as a proxy for exposure to television advertising. They
have established a clear link between television viewing and diet, obesity, and cholesterol levels. It is
impossible to say, however, whether this effect is caused by the advertising, the sedentary nature of television
viewing or snacking that might take place whilst viewing. One study resolved this problem by taking a detailed
diary of children’s viewing habits. This showed that the more food adverts they saw, the more snacks and
calories they consumed.
E Thus the literature does suggest food promotion is influencing children’s diet in a number of ways. This
does not amount to proof; as noted above with this kind of research, incontrovertible proof simply isn’t
attainable. Nor do all studies point to this conclusion; several have not found an effect. In addition, very few
studies have attempted to measure how strong these effects are relative to other factors influencing children’s
food choices. Nonetheless, many studies have found clear effects and they have used sophisticated
methodologies that make it possible to determine that i) these effects are not just due to chance; ii) they are
independent of other factors that may influence diet, such as parents’ eating habits or attitudes; and iii) they
occur at a brand and category level.
F Furthermore, two factors suggest that these findings actually downplay the effect that food promotion has on
children. First, the literature focuses principally on television advertising; the cumulative effect of this
combined with other forms of promotion and marketing is likely to be significantly greater. Second, the studies
have looked at direct effects on individual children, and understate indirect influences. For example, promotion
for fast food outlets may not only influence the child, but also encourage parents to take them for meals and
reinforce the idea that this is a normal and desirable behaviour.
G This does not amount to proof of an effect, but in our view does provide sufficient evidence to conclude that
an effect exists. The debate should now shift to what action is needed, and specifically to how the power of
commercial marketing can be used to bring about improvements in young people’s eating.

Questions 1-6
Reading Passage 1 has seven paragraphs, A-G.
Choose the most suitable heading for paragraphs A-G from the list of headings below.
Write the appropriate numbers (i-x) in boxes 1-6. Paragraph A has been done for you.

List of Headings
i General points of agreements and disagreements of researchers
ii How much children really know about food
iii Need to take action
iv Advertising effects of the “Big Four”
v Connection of advertising and children’s weight problems
vi Evidence that advertising affects what children buy to eat
vii How parents influence children’s eating habits
viii Advertising’s focus on unhealthy options
ix Children often buy what they want
x Underestimating the effects advertising has on children

Example: Paragraph A ____viii___

1 paragraph B ___________
2 Paragraph C ___________
3 Paragraph D ___________
4 Paragraph E ___________
5 Paragraph F ___________
6 Paragraph G ___________
Questions 7-10
Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in Reading Passage 1.
YES if the statement agrees with the views of the writer
NO if the statement contradicts the views of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
7 __________ There is little difference between the number of healthy food advertisements and the number of
unhealthy food advertisements.
8 __________ TV advertising has successfully taught children nutritional knowledge about vitamins and
others.
9 __________ It is hard to decide which aspect of TV viewing has caused weight problems of children.
10 _________ The preference of food for children is affected by their age and gender.

D. WRITING (50 points)

Part 1: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentences
printed before it.
1. As far as I know, there’s no reason for James to be so unhappy.
→ To the ____________________________________________________________________
2. A rise in temperature in the next century seems likely.
→ In all _____________________________________________________________________
3. If we delay too long, we are unlikely to clinch the deal.
→ The longer_________________________________________________________________
4. The brochure gives hardly any useful information.
→ Precious little _____________________________________________________________
5. You could be arrested for not giving a breath sample to the police.
→ Refusal __________________________________________________________________
Part 2: Use the word(s) given in brackets and make any necessary additions to complete a new sentence in
such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the original sentence. Do NOT change the form of
the given word(s).
1. Jenny isn't a bad accountant, but I don't think it is a very suitable occupation for her.
cut
I just don't think Jenny ___________________________ an accountant.
2. We had no problems at all during our holiday in Turkey.
plan
Everything ___________________________ during our holiday in Turkey.
3. It's possible Clare phoned while we were out.
may
Clare ___________________________ while we were out.
4. Our class has won the History Quiz for the third year running.
succession
For the ___________________________ , our class has won the History Quiz.
5. The thunderstorm brought their tennis match to an abrupt end.
cut
They had to ___________________________ because of the thunderstorm.

SECTION I: LISTENING (50/200)

Part 1.Complete the information below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER
for each answer.(10 pts)
City Library
Head Librarian: Mrs. Phillips
Hours: (1) __________________________to 4:30
Books
 Ground floor: (2) ______________________________
Second floor: Adult collection
Third floor: (3) ______________________________
Book carts
Brown cart: books to re-shelve
Black cart: books to (4) _________________________
White cart: books to (5) ________________________
Part 2. You will hear two psychologists talking about modern childhood. Choose the answer (A, B, C or
D), which fits best according to what you hear. (10 pts)
1.What does Daniel imply about past images of childhood?
A. They are entirely fictional. B. They all show the misfortunes of childhood.
C. They are diverse. D. They represent the innocence of childhood.
2. When mentioning the children throwing bags on the bus stop, Louise is
A. critical. B. amused. C. angry D. sarcastic.
3. According to Daniel,
A. children are failing to learn adequate social skills. B. children do not eat a balanced diet.
C. children are becoming involved in political scandals. D. children are far more social than they used to be.
4. What does Louise say about the media?
A. Manipulative actors have a negative effect on children. B. It encourages celebrities to inspire young children.
C. Adverts are aimed more at young people than adults. D. It glorifies unrealistic ideals.
5. Daniel implies that
A. children would be happier if their parents taught them at home.
B. machines are more of a menace to children than people are.
C. teachers aren’t helping children to be competitive enough.
D. most teenage problems stem from an unbalanced diet.
Part 3. You will hear an extract from a radio programme and decide whether the statements are true or
false. (10 pts)
1.Mrs Kent is worried about the weather in the near future.
2. According to Tom Sheridan, people don’t talk about the weather any more.
3. Paul Spenser does the production of a cookery programme.
4. Jane thinks that students should be given free books.
5. An elderly listener doesn’t think young people should have to pay in the discos.
Part 4. You will hear part of a scientific television for young people in which the speaker explains what
‘meteors’ are. Complete the sentence with no more than three words for each space. (20 pts)
‘Meteor’ is another name for (1) _____________________. To help explain meteors, planet Earth is
compared to a (2) _____________________. You can think of meteors as a group of (3)
_____________________. In reality, meteors are very small chunks of (4) _____________________. The
circular path the Earth travels around the Sun is called its (5) _____________________ . When Earth comes
close to a meteor, the meteor is pulled (6) _____________________ by gravity. A meteor travels very fast – a
hundred times faster than (7) _____________________ . Due to the speed it travels through the air, the meteor
becomes (8) _____________________. Because of the heat, the meteor becomes less hard, (9)
_____________________ and then burns. We are lucky that most meteors burn up and never (10)
_____________________.
SECTION II: LEXICO – GRAMMAR (50 points)
Part 1. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete each of the following sentences.
1. I’m not a serious investor, but I like to _______ in the stock market.
A. splash B. splatter C. paddle D. dabble
2. In all _______ there will never be a Third World War.
A. odds B. probability C. certainty D. possibilities
3. He had to retire from the match, suffering from a _______ ligament.
A. torn B. broken C. slipped D. sprained
4. You have to be rich to send a child to a private school because the fees are _______.
A. astrological B. aeronautical C. astronomical D. atmospherical
5. Archaeology is one of the most interesting scientific _______.
A. divisions B. disciplines C. matters D. compartments
6. It is doubtful whether the momentum of the peace movement can be _______.
A. sustained B. supplied C. supported D. subverted
7. Conversations you strike up with travelling acquaintances usually tend to be _______.
A. trivial B. perverse C. insufficient D. imperative
8. Charles Babbage’s difference engine was widely regarded as the _______ of the computer.
A. ancestor B. precursor C. antecedent D. premonition
9. He was in his late fifties, with staring eyes and a _____ hairline.
A. straggling B. receding C. bushy D. curly
10. After several hours on the road, they became ____ to the fact that they would never reach the hotel by
nightfall. A. dejected B. resigned C. depressed D. disillusioned
11. The professor’s _______ theory is that singing preceded speech.
A. preferable B. pet C. fond D. fancied
12. A local charity benefited from the _______ of the annual summer fate.
A. earnings B. income C. pay D. proceeds
13. Two months is _______ time to allow for the job to be completed.
A. profuse B. protracted C. ample D. extensive
14. After her eye operation she had to wear an eye _______ for protection.
A. patch B. veil C. glass D. screen
15. The noise of the machinery _______ the words of the factory manager.
A. covered B. suppressed C. drowned D. deadened
16. All that was left for breakfast was some _____ bread and tea.
A. stale B. rotten C. sour D. rancid
17. Emma fell down and _____ her knee.
A. skimmed B. grazed C. rubbed D. scrubbed
18. The Press thought the football manager would be depressed by his dismissal but he just _____.
A. ran it down B. called it off C. turned it down D. laughed it off
19. Lindsay’s excuses for being late are beginning to _____ rather thin.
A. get B. turn C. wear D. go
20.The train service has been a _____ since they introduced the new schedules.
A. shambles B. rumpus C. chaos D. fracas
Part 2. Underline and correct the ten mistakes in the following passage. (10 points)
‘Oh, you’re so lucky live in Bath, it’s such a wonderful, lovely, historic place,’ people say enthusiastically,
and all you can think about is the awful parking, the crowd of tourists, the expensive shops, the narrow-minded
council, and the terrible traffic.
Luckily I don’t live in Bath but nearly ten miles away in a village called Limpley Stoke in the Avon Valley.
It seems to be normal in the countryside those days for professional people who work in the town to prefer to
live in the villages; this makes the housing so expensive that the villagers and agricultural workers have to live
in a cheaper accommodation in town, as the result that the farmers commute out to the farm and everyone else
commutes in. Certainly, there’s nobody in the village who could be called an old-style villager. The people
nearest to me involve a pilot, an accountant, a British Rail manager, a retired teacher … nor a farm worker
amongst them. But I don’t think there is anything wrong with that – it’s just that the nature of villages are
changing and there is still quite a strong sense of community here.
Your answers:
1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.

Part 3. Fill in the blank with a suitable preposition or adverb particle.(10 points)
1. I got the job _______ the strength of your recommendation.
2. You must be weak _______ the head if you believe that.
3. The shock put years _______ him.
4. Prospects of success in the talks were put _______ zero.
5. She was weighed _______ _______ parcels.
6. His appearance was the subject _______ some critical comment.
7. She went _______ the roof when I told her I’d crashed her car.
8. If you do that again I’ll have the law _______ you.
9. The government’s decision is a real kick _______ the teeth for the unions.
10. She resembles her brother _______ looks.
Part 4. Use the correct form of the word in brackets to complete the passage. (10 points)
In the deserts, as (1. where), rocks at the earth’s surface are changed by (2. weather), which may be defined
as the (3. integrate) of rocks where they lie. Weathering processes are either chemical when (4. alter) of some of
the (5. constitute) particles is involved; or (6. mechanize), when there is merely the physical breaking apart and
(7. fragment) of rocks. Which process will dominate depends (8. primary) on the (9. mineral) and (10. text) of
the rock and the local climate, but several individual processes usually work together to the common end of
rock breakdown.
Your answers:
1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.

SECTION III: READING COMPREHENSION (50/200)

Part 1. Read the passage below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. Write your
answer in the numbered boxes. (10 pts)
HOW TO COMPLAIN IN SHOPS
People love to complain. Moaning to friends can be a source of relief from the stresses and strains of
work, study or relationships. But when it comes to protesting to a retailer about (1) ____ goods and services,
many of us find we don't have the nerve and chose to suffer in silence.
By the time we do (2) _____summon up the courage to make our point, we have generally already
allowed the problem to get to us, and we are angry. In this state, we can all too (3) ____ become aggressive,
gearing up for battle and turning what should be a rational discussion into a conflict.
To complain effectively, you need to be specific about your problem and communicate it clearly using
words which are objective and fair. (4) ____ over the top with emotional language and unreasonable claims will
get you nowhere. Good negotiators tend to be calm and logical. They start by explaining the situation and
stating their requirements clearly, without threat. Most complaints prompt a defensive (5) ____ from the other
person, but by being reasonable yourself, you (6) ____ more chance of achieving the positive (7) ____ you
want.
If you feel angry or upset about what has happened, by all means tell the company, but do so calmly, (8)
____that you understand the situation from all points of (9) ____, but explaining what you will do if your
complaint is ignored. Be sure to remember, however, that is unwise to (10) ____ threats unless you are in a
position to carry them out.
1. A. faulty B. inexpert C. improper D. scruffy
2. A. essentially B. especially C. exceptionally D. eventually
3. A. easily B. happily C. simply D. casually
4. A. Being B. Going C. Getting D. Feeling
5. A. response B. respect C. revenge D. regard
6. A. spend B. attract C. stand D. establish
7. A. fallout B. outcome C. turnout D. output
8. A. revealing B. exhibiting C. displaying D. demonstrating
9. A. mind B. opinion C. view D. reason
10. A. make B. bear C. do D. carry
Part 2. Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only ONE word in each
space. (10 pts)
 Mammals have brains. So they can feel pain, experience fear and react in disgust. If a wildebeest did not
feel pain, it would carry on grazing as lions chewed it hind leg first. If an antelope did not sense fear, it would
not (1) _____ into a sprint at the first hint of cheetah. If a canine were not disgusted, it would not vomit; it
would not be, as the (2) _____ goes, sick as a dog.
Pain, fear and disgust are (3) _____ of the mammalian survival machinery provided by tens of millions
of years of (4) _____. Homo sapiens have, however, only been around for about 200,000 years. So all three
emotional states (5)_____something to mammal origins. If football hooligans can feel those emotions, then (6)
_____ do deer, foxes and dogs. The argument is about how "aware" or "conscious" non-human mammals might
be during these emotional events. When an animal knows it is being chased and starts to run, is it obeying some
instinct (7) _____ from ancestors that knew when to flee a danger zone or does it actually "know" to be afraid?
That might be the wrong question. A human startled by a strange shape in a darkened corridor
experiences a pounding heart, and lungs (8) _____ for air, and a body in recoil. This is the well-known flight or
fight reaction. A human appreciated the full force of fear and has already started to counter the danger a fraction
of a second before the brain has time to absorb and order the information contained in menacing shape. This is
because mental calculations are too slow to cope with surprise attack. Pain (9) _____ logic. Touch something
hot and you withdraw your hand even before you have time to think about doing so. Once again, the wisdom is
(10) _____ the event.
Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Part 3. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer A, B, C or D. (15 pts)
Image and the city
In the city, we are barraged with images of the people we might become. Identity is presented as
plastic, a matter of possessions and appearances; and a very large proportion of the urban landscape is take up
by slogans, advertisements, flatly photographed images of folk heroes - the man who turned into a sophisticated
dandy overnight by drinking a particular brand of drink, the girl who transformed herself into a femme fatale
with a squirt of cheap scent. The tone of the wording of these advertisements is usually pert and facetious,
comically drowning in its own hyperbole. But the pictures are brutally exact; they reproduce every detail of a
style of life, down to the brand of cigarette - lighter; the stone in the ring and the economic row of books on the
shelf.
Yet, if one studies a line of ads across from where one is sitting on a tube train, there images radically
conflict with each other. Swap the details about between the pictures, and they are instantly made illegible if the
characters they represent really are heroes, then they clearly have no individual claim to speak for society as a
whole. The clean-cut and the shaggy, rakes, innocents, brutes, home-lovers, adventurers, clowns all compete for
our attention and invite emulations. As a gallery, they do provide a glossy mirror of the aspirations of a
representative city crowd: but it is exceedingly hard to discern a single dominant style an image of how most
people would like to see themselves.
Even in the business of the mass - production of images of identity, this shift from the general to the
diverse and particular is quite recent. Consider another line of stills: the back-lit, soft-focus portraits of the first
and second generations of great movie stars. There is a degree of romantic unparticularity in the face of each
one, as if they were communal dream-projections of society at large. Only in the specialized genres of westerns,
farces and gangster movies were stars allowed to have odd, knobby cadaverous faces. The hero as loner
belonged to history or the underworld: he spoke from the perimeter of society, reminding us of its dangerous
edges.
The stars of the last decade have looked quite different. Soft-focus photography has gone, to be replaced
by a style which searches out warts and bumps, emphasizes the uniqueness not the generality of the face.
Voices, too, are strenuously idiosyncratic; whines, stammers and low rumbles are exploited as features of star
quality. Instead of romantic heroes and heroines, we have a brutalist, hard-edged style in which isolation and
egotism are assumed as natural social conditions.
In the movies, as in the city, the sense of stable hierarchy has become increasingly exhausted; we no
longer live in a world where we can all share the same values, the same heroes. (It is doubtful whether this
world, so beloved of nostalgia moralists, ever existed; but lip-service was paid to it, the pretence, at least was
kept up). The isolate and the eccentric push towards the centre of the stage; their fashions and mannerisms are
presented as having as good a claim to the limelight and the future as those of anyone else. In the crowd on the
underground platform, one may observe a honeycomb of fully-worked-out words, each private, exclusive,
bearing little comparison with its nearest neighbor. What is prized in one is despised in another. There are no
clear rules about how one is supposed to manage one’s body, dress, talk, or think. Though there are elaborate
protocols and etiquettes among particular cults and groups within the city, they subscribe to no common
standard.
For the new arrival, this disordered abundance is the city’s most evident and alarming quality. He feels
as if he has parachuted into a funfair of contradictory imperatives. There are so many people he might become
and a suit of clothes, a make of car, a brand of cigarettes will go some way towards turning him into a
personage even before he has discovered who that personage is. Personal identity has always been deeply
rooted in property, but hitherto the relationship has been a simple one - a question of buying what you could
afford, and leaving your wealth to announce your status. In the modern city, there are so many things to buy,
such a quantity of different kinds of status, that the choice and its attendant anxieties have created a new
pornography of taste.
The leisure pages of the Sunday newspapers, fashion magazines, TV plays, popular novels, cookbooks,
window displays all nag at the nerve for our uncertainty and snobbery. Should we like American cars, hard-rock
hamburger joints, Bauhaus chairs...? Literature and art are promoted as personal accessories: the paintings of
Mondrian or the novels of Samuel Beckett ‘go’ with certain styles like matching handbags. There is in the city a
creeping imperialism of taste, in which more and more commodities are made over to being mere expressions of
personal identity. Tire piece of furniture, the pair of shoes, the book, the film, are important not so much in
themselves but for what they communicate about their owners; and ownership is stretches to include what one
likes or believes in as well as what one can buy.
1. What does the word ‘barraged’ mean?
A. manipulated B. bombarded C. impressed D. obsessed
2. What does the writer say about advertisements in the first paragraph?
A. Certain kinds are considered more effective in cities than others.
B. The way in which some of them are worded is cleverer than it might appear
C. They often depict people that most other people would not care to be like
D. The pictures in them accurately reflect the way that some people really live.
3. The writer says that if you look at a line of advertisements on a tube train, it is clear that.
A. city dwellers have very diverse ideas about what image they would like to have.
B. some images in advertisements have a general appeal that others lack.
C. city dwellers are more influenced by images on advertisements than other people are.
D. some images are intended to be representative of everyone’s aspirations.
4. What does the writer imply about portraits of old movie start?
A. They tried to disguise the less attractive features of their subjects.
B. Most people did not think they were accurate representations of the stars in them
C. They made people feel that their own faces were rather unattractive
D. They reflected an era in which people felt basically safe.
5. What does the word ‘cadaverous’ mean?
A. extremely pale and thin B. energetic and enthusiastic
C. dangerous D. skeptical
6. What does the writer suggest about the stars of the last decade?
A. Some of them may be uncomfortable about the way they come across.
B. They make an effort to speak in a way that may not be pleasant on the ear
C. They make people wonder whether they should become more selfish.
D. Most people accept that they are not typical of society as a whole
7. What does the word ‘hierarchy’ mean?
A. methodology B. hypothesis C. ideology D. system
8. The writer uses the crowd on an underground platform to exemplify his belief that.
A. no single attitude to life is more common than another in a city.
B. no one in a city has strict attitudes towards the behavior of other.
C. views of what society was like in the past are often inaccurate.
D. people in cities would like to have more in common with each other
 9. The writer implies that new arrivals in a city may
A. change the image they wish to have too frequently. B. underestimate the importance of wealth.
C. acquire a certain image without understanding what that involves. D. decide that status is of little importance
10. What point does the writer make about city dwellers in the final paragraph?
A. They are unsure as to why certain things are popular with others.
B. They are aware that judgments are made about them according to what they buy.
C. They want to acquire more and more possessions.
D. They are keen to be the first to appreciate new styles.
Part 4. The reading passage below has eight paragraphs, A-H. Reading the passage and do the tasks
below. (10 pts)
A. The history of human civilization is entwined with the history of the ways we have learned to manipulate
water resources. As towns gradually expanded, water was brought from increasingly remote sources, leading
to sophisticated engineering efforts such as dams and aqueducts. At the height of the Roman Empire, nine
major systems, with an innovative layout of pipes and well-built sewers, supplied the occupants of Rome with
as much water per person as is provided in many parts or the industrial world today.
B. During the industrial revolution and population explosion of the 19th and 20th centuries, the demand for water
rose dramatically. Unprecedented construction of tens of thousands of monumental engineering projects
designed to control floods, protect clean water supplies, and provide water for irrigation and hydropower
brought great benefits to hundreds of millions of people. Food production has kept pace with soaring
populations mainly because of the expansion of artificial irrigation systems that make possible the growth of
40% the world’s food. Nearly one fifth of all the electricity generated worldwide is produced by turbines spun
by the power of falling water.
C. Yet there is a dark side to this picture: despite our progress, half of the world’s population still suffers, with
water services inferior to those available to the ancient Greeks and Romans. As the United Nations report on
access to water reiterated in November 2001, more than one billion people lack access to clean drinking
water; some two and a half billion do not have adequate sanitation services. Preventable water - related
diseases kill an estimated 10,000 to 20,000 children every day, and the latest evidence suggests that we are
falling behind in efforts to solve these problems.
D. The consequences of our water policies extend beyond jeopardizing human health. Tens of millions of people
have been forced to more from their homes - often with little warning or compensation - to make way for the
reservoirs behind dams. More than 20% of all freshwater fish species are now threatened or endangered
because dams and water withdrawals have destroyed the free-flowing river ecosystems where they thrive.
Certain irrigation practices degrade soil quality and reduce agricultural productivity. Groundwater aquifers are
being pumped down faster than they are naturally replenished in parts of India, China, the USA and
elsewhere. And disputes over shared water resources have led to violence and continue to raise local, national
and even international tensions.
E. At the outset of the new millennium, however, the way resource planners think about water is beginning to
change. The focus is slowly shifting back to the provision of basic human and environmental needs as top
priority - ensuring ‘some for all,’ instead of ‘more for some’. Some water experts are now demanding that
existing infrastructure be used in smarter ways rather than building new facilities, which is increasingly
considered the option of last, not first resort. This shift in philosophy has not been universally accepted, and it
comes with strong opposition from some established water organizations. Nevertheless, it may be the only
way to address successfully the pressing problems of providing everyone with clean water to drink, adequate
water to grow food and a life free from preventable water-related illness.
F. Fortunately - and unexpectedly - the demand for water is not rising as rapidly as some predicted. As a result,
the pressure to build new water infrastructures has diminished over the past two decades. Although
population, industrial output and economic productivity have continued to soon in developed nations, the rate
at which people withdraw water from aquifers, rivers and lakes has slowed. And in a few parts of the world,
demand has actually fallen.
G. What explains this remarkable turn of events? Two factors: People have figured out how to use water more
efficiently, and communities are rethinking their priorities for water use. Throughout the first three-quarters of
the 20th century, the quantity of freshwater consumed pen person doubled on average; in the USA, water
withdrawals increased tenfold while the population quadrupled. But since 1980, the amount of water
consumed per person has actually decreased, thanks to a range of new technologies that help to conserve
 water in homes and industry. In 1965, for instance, Japan used approximately 13 million gallons of water to
produce $1 million of commercial output; by 1989 this had dropped to 3.5 million gallons (even accounting
for inflation) - almost a quadrupling of water productivity. In the USA water withdrawals have fallen by more
than 20% from their peak in 1980.
H. On the other hand, dams, aqueducts and other kinds of infrastructure will still have to be built, particularly in
developing countries where not been met. But such projects must be built to higher specifications and with
more accountability to local people and their environment than in the past. And even in regions where projects
seem warranted, we must find ways to meet demands with fewer resources, respecting ecological criteria and
to a smaller budget.
For questions 1-7, choose the correct heading for paragraphs B-H from the list of headings below Write
the correct number, i-ix.
List of headings
i. Scientists’ call for a revision of policy
ii. An explanation for reduced water use
iii. How a global challenge was met
iv. Irrigation systems fall into disuse
v. Environmental effects
vi. The financial cost of recent technological improvements
vii. The relevance to health
viii. Addressing the concern over increasing populations
ix. A surprising downward trend in demand for water
x. The need to raise standards
xi. A description of ancient water supplies
Example: Paragraph A: xi
1. Paragraph B ……. 5. Paragraph F …….
2. Paragraph C ……. 6. Paragraph G …….
3. Paragraph D ……. 7. Paragraph H …….
4. Paragraph E ….…
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the passage. For question 8-10 write
down
Yes If the statement agrees with the claims of the writer
No If the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
Not given If it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
8. Feeding increasing populations is possible due primarily to improved irrigation systems
9. Modern water systems imitate those of the ancient Greeks and Romans
10. Industrial growth is increasing the overall demand for water.
SECTION IV: WRITING (50 points)
Part 1. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence
printed. (10 points)
1. We didn’t see a soul all day.
→ Not ……………………………………………………………….
2. Gerry has applied for the job of financial director.
 Gerry has put ……………………………………………………………….
3. Our teacher used Sophia as an example of a good student.
 Our teacher held ……………………………………………………………….
4. I’m not much interested in sports.
 I don’t really go ……………………………………………………………….
5. Terry was rude but Anne got her revenge on him.
 Anne paid ……………………………………………………………….
Part 2. Write a new sentence as similar as possible in meaning to the original sentence, using the words
given in capital letters. These words must not be altered in any way. (10 points)
1. The houses that were very close to the blast were badly damaged. (immediate)
………………………………………………………………………………….
2. They were married last year. (man)
 ………………………………………………………………………………….
3. He admits he’s not one of the important members of the organization. (cog)
………………………………………………………………………………….
4. You’ve been deceived by them. (ride)
………………………………………………………………………………….
5. It didn’t take us long to finish doing the accounts. (short)
………………………………………………………………………………….
I: LISTENING (50 points)
Part 1. You are going to listen to Peter and Jim discuss about the lease for the next year. While you listen,
complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes.You are going to listen twice.(10 points)

PLAN FOR SHARING ACCOMMODATION

The total rent: Peter £110 & Jim £ 80

Car parking: In the garage
A place to buy things: (1)___________, because Jim works there.
The fees they should share : (2)__________fees
The appliances needed:
 The landlord will provide the microwave
 The (3) ___________is needed in the kitchen.
 Peter will bring some dining room and living room furniture.
 Jim will buy a (4)___________at the store.
Location of the telephone: in the kitchen
Move-in date: June, 1st
Time of the game to watch together: (5)___________
Your answers:

Part 2. You will hear an interview with a man called Grant Sowerby, who is about to go on a trip into outer
space. For questions 6-10, choose the best answer A, B or C which fits best according to what you hear.
Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes.You are going to listen twice. (10 points)

6. What is Grant most looking forward to on his flight?

A. taking off from Earth B. seeing the Earth from space C. leaving the Earth’s atmosphere
7. When asked if he is scared, Grant
A. denies this strongly. B. insists that he’s overcome his fear.
C. suggests that this is a normal thing to feel.
8. What will Grant be responsible for during the flight?
A. preparing for unexpected landing B. operating some of the controls
C. helping the crew members so as they have more free time
9. Grant feels that the term “space tourism”
A. gives people the wrong idea about what he’s doing.
B. makes what he’s doing sound attractive to people.
C. leads people to doubt whether he’s really going.
10. Grant thinks that in the future,
A. many people will be able to afford space flights.
B. more companies will be organizing space trips.
C. most spaceflights will take paying passengers.
Part 3. Listen to a speech about life conditions in the past and decide whether the following statements are
TRUE (T) or FALSE (F). Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes.You are going to listen
twice. (10 points)
11. Pleistocene epoch ended 2.6 million years ago.
 12. During this period where the most recent ice ages took place, the global average temperatures were 5
to 10 degrees Celsius.
13. Homo Habilis could be called “handy man”.
14. Whooping cough is believed to be caused by hominids.
15. Since agriculture and human population arose, malaria had been spreading.
Part 4. You will hear a tour guide talking to a group of tourist in New York about a visit they will make to the
Museum of Immigration on Ellis Island. For questions from 16 to 25, complete the sentences with NO
MORE THAN THREE WORDS. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes.You are going to
listen twice.(20 points)

Museum of Immigration

Ellis Island was busiest between the year (16) __________and __________
The group of tourists will arrive at the museum by (17) __________
The first part of the the museum you go through used to be the (18) __________.
In the Registry Room, immigrants had both (19) __________and __________.
What’s called a(n) (20) __________ records the names of immigrants who passed through Ellis
Island.
Immigrants staying overnight on the island slept in the (21) __________.
The movie you can see at the museum is called (22) __________.
The play in the Theatre 2 features two (23) __________and one __________.
Instead of the play, the tourists can visit the (24) __________.
The Peopling of America exhibitions is in what used to be a(n) (25) __________.

II. LEXICO - GRAMMAR (50 points)

Part 1: Choose one of the words marked A, B, C, or D which best completes the sentence. (20 points)
1. Many people were killed instantly at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, but thousands more died from________
radiation sickness.
A. succeeding B. following C. subsequent D. afterwards
2. Many students find it difficult to make____ meet on their small grants.
A. ends B. points C. circles D. edges
3. I am ______ to Mr. Morrison because of the knidness and concern that he showed me when I was at the
airport.
A. indebted B. gratified C. beholden D. liable
4. He’s not very sensible as far as money________are concerned.
A. points B. aspects C. objects D. matters
5. The firm went bankrup and their shares became________
A. priceless B. unworthy C. invaluable D. worthless
6. She________$20 out of the bank every Monday.
A. pulls B. draws C. extracts D. takes
7. It’s often better to________safe in the exams than to give an original answer.
A. act B. perform C. play D. do
8. She was________for time in the exam and didn’t complete the questions.
A. hurried B. chased C. hunted D. rushed
9. The headmaster________the discipline problem in his school with growing concern.
A. saw B. looked C. viewed D. reflected
10. The________thought of exams makes her feel ill.
A. sole B. only C. little D. mere
11. The student’s hard work was________with success in his degree examination.
A. rewarded B. awarded C. thanked D. presented
12. The new experimental system didn’t________expectations.
A. reach B. come up to C. rise to D. touch
13. The pass________was fifty five percent of the candidates.
A. number B. amount C. sum D. rate
14. A computer is an ________ machine that can store, organize and find information, do calculations and
control other machines
A. electric B. electrical C. electricity D. electronic
15. The villagers strongly recommend that a new school _____immediately.
A. must be built B. is going to be built C. be built D. will be built
16. John: “Could you tell me how to get to the nearest post office?” Peter: “___________”
A. Sorry for this inconvenience B. I have no clue
C. Not at all D. Sorry, I’m a new comer here
17. _________ , he doesn’t study well.
A. As clever he is B. He is as clever C. Clever as he is D. As he is clever
18. You look exhausted. You __________ in the garden all day.
A. can’t have worked hard B. couldn’t have worked hard
C. should have worked hard D. must have worked hard
19. Let’s __________ the grammar one more time before the test.
A. go over B. go down with C. go off D. go back
20. ______incidents of Ebola virus outbreaks have been isolated incidents.
A. Most of B. Mostly C. The most D. Most
Part 2: The passage below contains 10 mistakes. Identify the mistakes (IN LINE ORDER) and correct them
in the space provided. (10 points)
Line
One of the most amazing marathon races in the world is marathon of the Sands. It takes places 1
every April in the Sahara Desert in the south of Morocco, a part of the world when 2
temperatures can reach fifty degree centigrade. The standard length of the marathon is 42.5 3
kilometers but this one is 240 kilometers long and spends seven days to complete. It began in 4
1986 and now attracts about two hundred runners, the majority of their ages range from 5
seventeen to forty-seven. About half of them come from France and the rest to all over the 6
world. From Britain it costs £2,500 to enter, this includes return air fares. The race is rapid 7
getting more and more popular despite, and perhaps because of the harsh condition that runners 8
must endure. They have to carry food and something else they need for seven days in rucksack 9
weighing no more than twelve kilograms. In addition to this, they are given a litre and a half of 10
water every ten kilometer, Incredibly, near all the runners finish the course. One man, Lbrahim 11
EL Joual, took part in every race from 1984 to 2004. Runners do suffer terrible physical 12
hardships. Sometimes they lose toenails and skin peels on their foot. However, doctors are 13
always on hand to deal with minor injuries and to make sure that runners do not push 14
themselves too far. 15

Your answers:
Lines Mistakes Corrections
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Part 3. Fill in each blank with a suitable preposition. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered
boxes. (10 points)
1.The singer performance was so exciting that many of his fans were ____ enthusiasm.
A. carried away with B. moved to C. taken back with D. stirred up with
2. He was very upset when the boss passed him___ and promoted a newcomer to the assistant’s job.
A. by B. up C. over D. aside
3. Sorry, I can’t go to the movie with you. I’m________under with work at the moment.
A. rained B. flooded C. stormed D. snowed
4. She threatened to do herself _____when her husband ran away with her best friend.
A. on B. in C. up D. down
5. My shoulder is playing me_______today! I can’t do anything while it’s so painful.
A. on B. in C. up D. against
6. Donald Trump always inveigh _________immigrants in order to get votes.
A. up on B. into C. against D. towards
7. He managed to _______ the registration number of the car as it sped away.
A. spot up B. jot down C. dot off D. slot up
8. My parents had a lot of children, so sometimes there wasn’t enough food to_______.
A. put on B. fall back on C. give out D. go round
9. I wish you wouldn’t______ me about neglecting the housework.
A. talk down to B. have it out with C. play down to D. keep on at
10. We need to _____ food before the strike.
A. stock up on B. knock up on C. club up on D. fork up for
Part 4. Supply the correct form of the words in bracket. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered
boxes. (10 points)
When people enjoy whatever they are doing, they report some (0) characteristic (CHARACTER) feelings that
distinguish the (1)______ (PLEASURE) moment from the rest of life. The same types of feelings are reported
in the context of playing chess, climbing mountains, playing with babies, reading a book or writing a poem.
They are the same for young and old, male and female, American or Japanese, rich or poor. In other words, the
nature of enjoyment seems to be (2)_______(UNIVERSE). We call this state of (3) _______(COUNSCIOUS) a
flow experience, because many people report that when what they are doing is (4)_______(SPECIAL)
enjoyable, it feels like being carried away by a current, like being in a flow. At present, (5)__________
(LAMENT) few students would recognize the idea that learning can be like that. But if educators invested a
fraction of the energy on (6)__________ (STIMULUS) the students’ enjoyment of learning that they now spend
in trying to transmit information, we could achieve much better results. Once students’ (7) __________
(MOTIVATE) is engaged, once they can be (8)_______________(POWER) to take control of their own
learning and provided with clear (9) __________(FEED) on their efforts, then they are on their way to a
lifetime of self-propelled (10) __________ACQUIRE) of knowledge.
Your answers:
1. 2.
3. 4.
5. 6.
7. 8.
9. 10.

III: READING (50 points)

Part 1: Read the text below and decide which answer best fits each space. Write your answers in the
corresponding numbered boxes. (10 points)
Incentives play an important role in our decisions to learn. As we get older, the outcomes of (1)_______ in
learning may not be the same a when we were younger. For example, we are less likely to be (2) ______ as a
result of training. The type of work-related training or learning we do also changes as we get older. Worker over
45 years old are more likely to participate in learning (3)______that relate directly to their function So they may
choose to (4)_____ those technical skills directly related to their work. By contrast, young workers are more
(5)_____to participate in training that is an investment in their future careers. Organizations also want to
continually (6)_____ their skills base. Recently, business has (7)____ this largely though a steady inflow of
newly- (8)_____ young people onto the labor (9) _____. Traditionally, we have had a mix of those young
people who bring new formal skills to the workplace, and a small proportion of older workers who (10)_____
their experience. What we are seeing now is a decreasing proportion of young people entering the workforce
and an increase in the proportion of older people. So, unless we change he nature of our education and learning
across life, we will see a decline in formal skills in the working population.
1. A. participation B. contribution C. attendance D. activity
2. A. raised B. promoted C. advanced D. upgraded
3. A. actions B. activities C. acts D. modules
4. A. relearn B. promote C. restore D. upgrade
5. A. probable B. likely C. possible D. liable
6. A. restart B. renovate C. restore D. renew
7. A. affected B. fulfilled C. achieved D. succeeded
8. A. educated B. taught C. qualified D. graduated
9. A. workforce B. employment C. staff D. market
10. A. donate B. supply C. contribute D. sell
Part 2: Fill in each blank space with an appropriate word. Write your answers in the corresponding
numbered boxes. (15 points)
As time (1)______, the power of newspaper seems to be on the (2)______. This is odd because in the relatively
recent past, people were predicting that the influence of the written word would diminish in direct proportion to
the rate of increase of the spoken word and moving image through TV and video. As people whole-heartedly
embrace the Internet and cable and satellite (3)______, why don’t we see newspapers (4)_______ out? How
have these organs survived, let (5)_______ flourished, particularly on a Sunday? Why don’t people (6)_______
have watched a football match live on the small screen press the wisdom of rushing out the next (7) ______ to
read a potted version of it in four or five columns? Why would anyone who has seen a film and formed a
(8)_______ impression of it the following day read the review of the self-same film in a newspaper? To see if
s/he is right? Isn’t that what friends are for? Don’t we have colleagues for just that purpose – to see if our ideas
(9)_______ any given song, film or program tally with others? What is this product that (10) ______ of not
much more than outrageous headlines, wayward comment, subjective editorials and hyperbolic sports pages still
doing in our lives? It seems for the time being to be leading a charmed life. When it finally goes, though, many
may come to mourn its passing.
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Part 3: Read the passage and choose the best answer for each of the following questions. Write your answers
in the corresponding numbered boxes. (10 points)
ENERGY FROM THE WAVES
The quest for sustainable sources of energy has led humans to study the energy potential of the sun and
the wind, as well as the immense power created by dammed rivers. The oceans, too, represent an impressive
source of potential energy. For example, it has been estimated that the oceans could provide nearly 3,000 times
the energy generated by hydroelectric dams such as the Hoover Dam. Yet. this source remains quite difficult to
exploit.
But this challenge has not prevented scientists from trying. Within the last few decades, several
technologies that can transform the ocean’s immense forces into usable electricity have been invented and
introduced. Some focus on capturing the power of the changing tides, while others rely on thermal energy
created by oceans in certain tropical regions. However, the most common and easiest-to-develop technologies
are those designed to harness the power inherent in the ocean’s waves.
There are several methods by which ocean-wave energy can be collected. All of them work because the
movement of the water that the waves induce creates storable energy by directly or indirectly driving a power
generator. In one such technology, the changing water levels in the ocean that are produced by waves lift a long
floating tube comprised of many sections connected by hinges. As the sections move up and down with the
water, they pump a special fluid through the tube that can be used to drive a generator. Another technique works
on a similar principle, only the floating object rocks back and forth with the motion of the water instead of up
and down. A third method of collecting wave energy relies on the rising water from the waves to compress air
in a partially submerged chamber. As the waves rush into the chamber, they push the air out through a narrow
tunnel. Located inside this tunnel is a turbine connected to a power generator. The movement of the air turns the
turbine, which feeds energy into the generator.
 The drawback to each of these concepts is that they make it necessary to have many pieces of machinery
linked together. [B] This presents a problem because the larger the device, the more vulnerable it is to damage
from hazardous ocean environments, and the more likely it is to interfere with otherwise unspoiled coastal
scenery. [C] Also, these methods demand the construction of site- specific machines that take into consideration
average local wave heights and sea conditions. [D] In other words, the ability to get power from waves differs
from region to region.
Japan, Norway, and the UK have all attempted to generate energy by capturing the power of ocean
waves. In northern Scotland, the first power plant to use wave power, OSPREY (Ocean Swell Powered
Renewable Energy), began operating in 1995. It followed the principle of the third method described above:
waves entering a partially submerged chamber pushed air into turbines ; to generate electricity. The electricity
was then transmitted to power collectors on the shore via underwater cables. Unfortunately, the OSPREY plant
was destroyed in a large storm, highlighting an unavoidable difficulty associated with this kind of power
generation.
The potential benefits of wave-based energy are hard to ignore. Once the proper machinery is produced
and installed, the energy is free. Maintenance costs are small, and the equipment does not pose any threats of
environmental pollution. And best of all, the amounts of energy produced are enormous. However, these
theoretical advantages have yet to be fully realized. In many cases, a lack of government funding has inhibited
the technologies from advancing. For example, despite the relative abundance of proposed wave-power devices,
many have not been adequately tested, and most have been evaluated only in artificial pools where they are not
subjected to the harsh marine conditions that exist in actual oceans. Protecting the equipment from the sea’s
destructive forces, as well as the fundamental task of determining feasible locations for collecting energy, also
present formidable challenges. All in all, while ocean power offers some intriguing possibilities, the difficulties
involved in harnessing this energy source are substantial and will require more time to overcome
1. The phrase this source in the passage refers to
A. sun B. wind C. dammed rivers D. oceans
2. The word exploit in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. utilize B. declare C. contain D. determine
3. Why does the author mention the Hoover Dam in paragraph 1?
A.To give a current example of ocean-based energy technology
B.To explain that dams are effective producers of sustainable energy
C.To draw a comparison between two sources of renewable energy
D.To show that alternative energy sources have not been successful
4. In paragraph 2, the author states that
A.waves do not represent the only form of ocean power
B.tropical oceans produce the greatest amount of energy
C.scientists first attempted to collect power from ocean tides
D. most of the electricity created by oceans is not usable
5. The word induce in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. cause B. define C. order D. monitor
6. According to paragraph 3, which of the following is true about wave-power technologies?
A. Many of them use submerged objects to obtain the waves’ energy.
B. Compressed air must be present for them to work properly.
C. They undertake three steps in order to collect wave power.
D. They rely on the water’s motion to create electricity.
7. According to paragraph 5, what part did the cables play in OSPREY’s design?
A. They attached the partially submerged chamber to the sea floor.
B. They generated the electricity which was then collected in turbines.
C. They conducted the electricity from the generator to the shore.
D. They provided stability during powerful ocean storms.
8. The word inhibited in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. delivered B. prevented C. protected D. approved
9. What can be inferred from paragraph 7 about governments?
A. They do not believe wave-energy devices can withstand ocean forces.
B. Their interests often conflict with those of the energy industries.
 C. They demand much scientific research before they provide funding.
D. Their support is often essential to the success of new endeavors.
10. All of these are problems associated with the collection of wave energy EXCEPT
A. the difficulty of finding feasible locations B. the destructive power of the ocean
C. the size of the equipment involved D. the constant changing of the tides
Part 4: (15 points)
Questions 1-6. The text on the following pages has six paragraphs, A-F.
Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings (i-ix) below. Write your answers in
the corresponding numbered boxes.

i. Tackling the issue using a different approach

ii. A significant improvement on last time
iii. How robots can save human lives
iv. Examples of robots at work
v. Not what it seemed to be
vi. Why timescales are impossible to predict
vii. The reason why robots rarely move
viii. Following the pattern of an earlier development
ix. The ethical issues of robotics

1. Paragraph A:_______ 4. Paragraph D: _______

2. Paragraph B: _______ 5. Paragraph E: _______
3. Paragraph C: _______ 6. Paragraph F: _______

DAWN OF THE ROBOTS

They're already here - driving cars, vacuuming carpets and feeding hospital patients. They may not be
walking, talking, human-like sentient beings, but they are clever and ….a little creepy. 
A. At first sight it looked like a typical suburban road accident. A Land Rover approached a Chevy Tahoe
estate car that had stopped at a kerb; the Land Rover pulled out and tried to pass the Tahoe just as it started off
again. There was a crack of fenders and the sound of paintwork being scraped, the kind of minor mishap that
occurs on roads thousands of times every day. Normally drivers get out, gesticulate, exchange insurance details
and then drive off. But not on this occasion. No one got out of the cars for the simple reason that they had no
humans inside them; the Tahoe and Land Rover were being controlled by computers competing in November’s
DARPA (the US Defense Advanced Research Project Agency) Urban Challenge.
B. The idea that machines could perform to such standards is startling. Driving is a complex task that takes
humans a long time to perfect. Yet here, each car had its on-board computer loaded with a digital map and route
plans, and was instructed to negotiate busy roads; differentiate between pedestrians and stationary objects;
determine whether other vehicles were parked or moving off; and handle various parking maneuvers, which
robots turn out to be unexpectedly adept at. Even more striking was the fact that the collision between the robot
Land Rover, built by researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and the Tahoe, fitted out by
Cornell University Artificial Intelligence (AI) experts, was the only scrape in the entire competition. Yet only
three years earlier, at DARPA's previous driverless car race, every robot competitor - directed to navigate across
a stretch of open desert - either crashed or seized up before getting near the finishing line. 
C. It is a remarkable transition that has clear implications for the car of the future. More importantly, it
demonstrates how robotics sciences and Artificial Intelligence have progressed in the past few years - a point
stressed by Bill Gates, the Microsoft boss who is a convert to these causes.  'The robotics industry is developing
in much the same way the computer business did 30 years ago,' he argues. As he points out, electronics
companies make toys that mimic pets and children with increasing sophistication. 'I can envision a future in
which robotic devices will become a nearly ubiquitous part of our day-to-day lives,' says Gates. 'We may be on
the verge of a new era, when PC will get up off the desktop and allow us to see, hear, touch and manipulate
objects in places where we are not physically present.'
 D. What is the potential for robots and computers in the near future? 'The fact is we still have a way to go
before real robots catch up with their science fiction counterparts', Gates says. So what are the stumbling
blocks? One key difficulty is getting robots to know their place. This has nothing to do with class or etiquette,
but concerns the simple issue of positioning. Humans orient themselves with other objects in a room very
easily. Robots find the task almost impossible. 'Even something as simple as telling the difference between an
open door and a window can be tricky for a robot,' says Gates. This has, until recently, reduced robots to fairly
static and cumbersome roles.
E. For a long time, researchers tried to get round the problem by attempting to re-create the visual
processing that goes on in the human cortex. However, that challenge has proved to be singularly exacting and
complex. So scientists have turned to simpler alternatives: 'We have become far more pragmatic in our work,'
says Nello Cristianini, Professor of Artificial Intelligence at the University of Bristol in England and associate
editor of the Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research. 'We are no longer trying to re-create human
functions. Instead, we are looking for simpler solutions with basic electronic sensors, for example. This
approach is exemplified by vacuuming robots such as the Electrolux Trilobite. The Trilobite scuttles around
homes emitting ultrasound signals to create maps of rooms, which are remembered for future
cleaning. Technology like this is now changing the face of robotics, says philosopher Ron Chrisley, director of
the Centre for Research in Cognitive Science at the University of Sussex in England. 
F. Last year, a new Hong Kong restaurant, Robot Kitchen, opened with a couple of sensor-laden humanoid
machines directing customers to their seats. Each possesses a touch-screen on which orders can be keyed
in. The robot then returns with the correct dishes. In Japan, University of Tokyo researchers recently unveiled a
kitchen 'android' that could wash dishes, pour tea and make a few limited meals. The ultimate aim is to provide
robot home helpers for the sick and the elderly, a key concern in a country like Japan where 22 per cent of the
population is 65 or older. Over US$1 billion a year is spent on research into robots that will be able to care for
the elderly. Robots first learn basic competence - how to move around a house without bumping into things.
Then we can think about teaching them how to interact with humans,' Chrisley said. Machines such as these
take researchers into the field of socialized robotics: how to make robots act in a way that does not scare or
offend individuals. 'We need to study how robots should approach people, how they should appear. That is
going to be a key area for future research,' adds Chrisles.
Questions 7-10: Complete the notes below. Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the text for
each answer. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes.
Robot features
DARPA race cars: (7)________provides maps and plans for route
In some robots: (8)_________provide simpler solution for the issue of positioning
Electrolux Trilobite: builds an image of a room by sending out (9) _______
Robot Kitchen humanoids: have a (10)________to take orders
V. WRITING (50 points)
Part 1. Rewrite each of the following sentences in such a way that it has the same meaning as the printed
above sentence. (10 points)
1. He never thought of telling her.
It never_________________________________________________
2. The students’ riotous behaviour should have been severely punished.
The students deserved______________________________________
3. He suddenly thought that he might have misunderstood her.
It crossed_________________________________________________
4. If we wait long enough, we’ll get what we want.
It’s just___________________________________________________
5. I was not surprised to hear that Harry had failed his driving test.
It came___________________________________________________

Part 2. Rewrite the following sentences with the given words in such a way that the second sentence has the
same meaning as the first one. Do not change the form of the word in brackets. (10 points)
1.Having to get up so early is so irritating. (NECK)
____________________________________________________
2. It’s likely they were delayed in a traffic jam. (UP)
__________________________________________________
3. My dad is not happy with me at all because he heard me swearing. (BOOKS)
____________________________________________________
4. We can’t possibly imagine how we are going to afford a new car. (REMOTEST)
____________________________________________________
5. There don’t seem to be many talented athletes at the moment. (PAUCITY)
____________________________________________________