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    CamScanner 05-05-2022 17.28

    Uploaded by

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    @ Copia ut manto BRIEF A = = Behavior Rating Inventory of, Executive Function-— Adult Version PROFESSIONAL MANUAL Robert M. Roth, PhD Peter K. Isquith, PhD Gerard A. Gioia, PhD PAR Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc. Scanned with CamScanner Dedication, resent ae a a ne "em ear es rh Gy Pt fn tt ca ah car =a sets parctpatin tn te taaon of er eat Jains By acy ening ning hase hae es re oem “Sets uh ml cing f et ery ees Sch ister he ears rag Winontonena tte nie word ove easement a Pa ing aha bad Acknowledgments “sis | i Scanned with CamScanner Table of Contents Acknowledgments Chapter 1. Introduction. ‘The Executive Functions. Brain Basis of the Executive Functions. Developmental Factors. Clinical Assessment Chapter 2. Administration and Scoring BRIEF-A Materials. Administering the BRIEF-A Report Forms Establishing Rapport and Giving Instructions. ‘Completing and Checking the BRIEF-A Self-Report and Informant Report Forms.. Scoring the BRIEF-A Self Report and Informant Report Forms. Missing Responses, Calculating Scale Raw Scores. ‘Completing the Scoring Summary/Profile Form Completing the Scoring Summary Table and Calculating Index Raw Scores. Converting Raw Scores to T Scoré Calculating Confidence Intervals. Scoring the Negativity Scal Scoring the Infrequency Scale. Scoring the Inconsistency Scale Plotting the BRIEF-A Profile.. Chapter 3. Interpretation of Scores on the BRIEF-A. Normative Comparisons .. Inconsistency Scale Other Indications of Compromised Validity. Inconsistencies With Other Information. Respondent Competency . Omission of Item Responses. Unusual Patterns of Responses. Scanned with CamScanner pase Case Mean 2 ere in a = —— gaeseueecees Eee g saeeazzanvasamaessess Appen A BEIP- Slt Report Fora TScore and Percentile Conversion "ine am 90% Contene fcr! Vales by Age Goan, Appendix Bs BREE A Iafrmant Ror Form Sor an nd 90 Conon nara aes by Ae Sr passages aacacees scent Scanned with CamScanner anu Copia Autorizad "para Uea2@ Unicamonto Westigativo ‘The Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult Version (BRIEF-A) is a standardized self-report measure that captures adults’ views of their ‘own executive functions, or self-regulation, in their everyday environment. It is designed to be completed by adults between the ages of 18 and 90 years with a minimum fifth-grade reading level, including those with awide variety of developmental disorders and systemic, neurological, and psychiatric illnesses such as attention, disorders, learning disabilities, autism spectrum disor- ders, traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis, depres- sion, and schizophrenia. The BRIEF-A is composed of 75 items within nine nonoverlapping theoretically and empirically derived clinical scales that measure differ- ent aspects of executive functioning: Inhibit, Shift, Emotional Control, SelfMonitor, Initiate, Working Memory, Plan/Organize, Task Monitor, and Organization of Materials. The BRIEF-A also includes three validity scales: Negativity, Infrequency, and Inconsistency. Table 1 describes the clinical scales and the validity scales. The linical scales form two broader indexes—the Behavioral Regulation Index (BRI) and the Metacognition Index (MD—and an overall summary score, the Global Executive Composite (GEC). The BRIEF-A has demon- strated evidence of reliability, validity, and clinical util ity for ecologically valid assessment of executive functioning in individuals with a range of conditions across the adult age spectrum. This Professional Manual provides information about the BRIEF-A materials, administration and scor- ing procedures, normative data, guidelines for clinical interpretation, and a variety of case studies to assist the ‘inician in understanding results obtained with the BRIEF-A. This Professional Manual also describes the development of the BRIEF-A and results of studies that establish its reliability, validity, and clinical utility as a measure of executive function in adults. Introduction The Executive Functions Executive functions are a set of interrelated control processes involved in the selection, initiation, execu- tion, and monitoring of cognition, emotion, and behav- ior, as well as aspects of motor and sensory functioning. ‘The term “executive function” represents an umbrella. construct reflecting self-regulatory functions that organize, direct, and manage other cognitive activities, emotional responses, and overt behaviors (Gioia, Isquith, & Guy, 2001; Stuss & Alexander, 2000). Stuss and Benson (1984) described a set of related capacities for intentional problem solving that include anticipa- tion, goal selection, planning, monitoring, and use of feedback. Their hierarchical model highlights impor- tant aspects of the executive functions that relate to the highest levels of cognition such as anticipation, judg- ment, self-awareness, and decision making. Their model distinguishes “executive,” or higher order cognitive con- trol functions, from more “basic” cognitive functions (eg, language, visuospatial, memory abilities). ‘The operational definition of executive functions, as well as the specific cognitive processes subsumed under this umbrella term, has varied somewhat among authors (Lezak, 1995; Stuss & Benson, 1984; Tranel, ‘Anderson, & Benton, 1994). However, several processes are commonly regarded as regulatory or management functions, including the ability to initiate behaviors, inhibit competing actions or stimuli, select relevant task goals, plan and organize a means to solve complex problems, shift problem-solving strategies flexibly when necessary, regulate emotions, and monitor and evaluate behavior. Working memory capacity, whereby information is actively held “online” so that it may be ‘manipulated and transformed in the service of planning and guiding cognition and behavior, is also described as a key aspect of executive function (Baddeley, 2003; Goldman-Rakic, 1987). Scanned with CamScanner scien th in ay Sates BREF Sup a nm sr ame acti tn fete none a ore Mat —— ‘igure nn wt ly cl nant ot cre Fie ah sc one Gea fc ge ie Scanned with CamScanner Sticyespeener omic worth sihhnrecemr nmr nt wt tg Sacecireekote CRSA eest cat Sinton deiecee s| Segemraemta te i ‘i, he mir dcveped port Sel Rept od Wears ya | mest oo ‘Misecuctr dimen trem Asheus SCTaNepeN ea inet she, (ie Byes Sa a sicudinndinadiowactat last tines set lg si, Aca : hat Bc bye ry, ‘So a ni a ‘Soe eae anos Sa ‘Son ti, se ee oe fea tue TA e neat Seinennes “facuiemnottectcrmms tee Starcenacsmetate Meiadntarenalge | Senoecnasnatreometaa Rccmnimigedncmmmacetaye Senter seer Eanes Fomeameasteeness kts emce icnsisemceses Scanned with CamScanner MAE EEUU aaa Administration and Scoring BRIEF-A Materials ‘The BRIEF-A materials consist of this Professional Manual, the BRIEF-A SelfReport Form, the BRIEF-A Informant Report Form, and the two-sided Sel-Report. and Informant Report Scoring Summary/Profile Forms. ‘The cover page of both the SelfReport Form and the Informant Report Form includes instructions for com- pleting the form and examples for marking responses directly on the form. The two pages inside each form ‘contain spaces in which the adult can write in his or her ‘demographic information, followed by the 75 BRIEF‘ items and response choices (Le., Never, Sometimes, Often). The carbonless Report Forms are designed to be hhand-scored by the clinician. One side of each Scoring Summary/Profile Form pro- vides instructions for hand-scoring the BRIEF-A clinical and validity scales and indexes, as well as a summary table for recording raw scores, T'scores, percentiles, and ‘90% confidence intervals for the scales and indexes. Scale and index raw scores are converted to T' scores ‘according to the normative tables located in the appen- dixes of this Professional Manual. The reverse side of the Scoring Summary/Profile Form provides a graph for plot- ting 7’ scores to visually portray the individual's scores relative to those of the normative sample. If desired, both Self Report and Informant Report scores can be plotted ‘on the same Profile Form for comparison purposes. Appropriate Populations ‘The BRIEF-A was standardized and validated for use with men and women from 18 through 90 years of age. ‘The normative sample includes adults from a wide rrange of racial/ethnic and educational backgrounds, as ‘well as geographic regions that were matched to United States Census data (U.S. Bureau of the Census, 2002). Analysis of the normative data indicates that: the BRIEF-.A is unbiased with respect to race/ethnicity (see chapter 4) and that there are no differences based on ‘gender; however, the results of the analyses indicate the need for separate norms by age group. AS a result, sep- arate BRIEF-A norms are presented for several age groups. The BRIEF-A is appropriate for adults across a wide range of social and demographic contexts. Professional Requirements ‘The BRIEF-A can be administered and scored by individuals who do not have formal training in neu- ropsychology, clinical psychology, school psychology, counseling psychology, or related fields. The clinician should carefully study the administration and scoring procedures presented in this Professional Manual. In keeping with the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing (American Educational Research Association, American Psychological Association, & National Council on Measurement in Education, 1999), interpretation of the BRIEF-A scores and profiles requires graduate training in neuropsychology, clinical psychology, school psychology, counseling psychology, psychiatry, neuropsychiatry, behavioral neurology, or & closely related field, as well as relevant training or ‘coursework in the interpretation of psychological tests at an accredited college or university. General Administration ‘Materials required for administration are the BRIEF-A SelfReport Form and/or the Informant Report Form, a hardpoint pen or a pencil, and a flat writing surface. ‘The BRIEF-A Self-Report Form is designed to be com- pleted by an adult (ages 18 through 90 years). It should be noted that, whenever possible, itis also preferable to administer the Informant Report Form to a knowledge- able informant such as a spouse, adult child, parent, caregiver, nurse, mental health worker or other person who has frequent (Le,, at minimum, pice a week) face- toface interaction with the individual completing the Self Report Form. These additional observer ratings can Scanned with CamScanner ‘ne nt heat ap ‘Shere ant ioe opr ae pnt ine eof sor ge et eS et (gome c o mer awy e ‘Rompe wets ese ‘Sega aed cana occ ‘ono om pm an oom ee Minin Reransee ‘Sect a cron ivi tiem tiene ‘is ta, a Gt Han Bag ‘Seer nme erin {90S en em a SS Scanned with CamScanner geo OB © 6 Rese 0 © 8 PCCCEPEE LPL ees ih slolala lola] isla pa ai na] fi 8 | Telly n #8 Biz [Pele a: Boa LR Y i he + EE EE ede Hebledl eee — jevvardeaseenos 8 Eosos-elesEle-u-6-H-Bl-BlecleS = -El- f= = Ey p2@-@oxC8-O-01O80~- GOO -SGHS~ OOS =O~ =| neers ee-B-H--Bed-E-E-B Bea eat is ele GR SRAUNAH ERAS Sanda m anal a Pee Sage ea capetd BRIEF A ai ep Sige Scanned with CamScanner Sein the Intoeeey See Fr i ee tensa ne tatty ied Sesh em me can {Grossi nl tea fons Penne ‘Sete on sae ee {Soe tet Stan Ge wl mr Sepa nie fa ee Siadtersp tt etn myer En ft bracing ‘Rirhinema cat lowe pn tame frachpa'athe ecto Seg ee aceon etree Sounynan anaerftrea Sie eciemerasceaat ty emaaeiesona ney ting he BREE Fre acetic res et i nay noe comer anes aeons Seats tes ico estaiee cas ESS A races annette eS Paar 2 San of completo BRIE AS Sept Seige Scanned with CamScanner ‘Report Profile Form Eng BD tna 2/9/78 are 3. 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