DPR - Pudimadaka

GOVERNMENT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
FISHERIES DEPARTMENT
DETAIL PROJECT REPORT
Pudimadaka Fishing
Harbour
MARCH 2019
Consultant
CONTENTS
Page No
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 General ......................................................... 1
CHAPTER 2 FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA
2.1 General ......................................................... 5

2.2 Fishery Resources ......................................................... 6
2.3 Marine Fisheries ......................................................... 7
2.4 Fish Production and Trend ......................................................... 9
2.5 Fish Production Potential ....................................................... 10
2.6 Fish Export and Trend ....................................................... 11
2.7 Fish Catch Utilisation and Fish Consumption in India .................................... 12
CHAPTER-3 OVERVIEW OF ANDHRA PRADESH FISHERY SECTOR
3.1 General ....................................................... 13

3.2 Socio- economic schemes for the welfare of fishermen community............... 15
3.3 Need to Develop Fishery Harbour at Pudimadakka, Visakhapatnam District ....
3.4 Design Fleet Size ....................................................... 16
CHAPTER-4 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
4.1 Introduction ....................................................... 18

4.2 Time – Scale ....................................................... 18
4.3 Fleet Size ....................................................... 19
4.4 Fishing Operations ....................................................... 19
4.5 Catch Composition and Vessel Landings ....................................................... 19
4.6 Sea-going personnel ....................................................... 21
4.7 Shore-based facilities ....................................................... 22
4.8 Transport ....................................................... 22
4.9 Marketing ....................................................... 23
4.10 Ownership and Management ....................................................... 24
4.10.1 Fishery Harbour ....................................................... 24
4.10.2 Fishing Vessels ....................................................... 25
4.10.3 Fish Auction hall, Net mending shed, Gear shed, Rest shed,
Ice plant and Cold storage ....................................................... 26
4.11 Investment ....................................................... 26
4.11.1 Fixed Assets ....................................................... 26
4.11.2 Operating Capital ....................................................... 27
4.12 Government Revenue and Expenditure ....................................................... 27
DETAIL PROJECT REPORT - Pudimadaka Fishing Harbour
CHAPTER – 5 ECONOMIC EVALUATION
5.1 Introduction ................................

....................................................... 32
5.2 Economic Analysis ................................
....................................................... 32
5.2.1 Economic Evaluation Methods ..................................................
................................ 33
5.2.1.1 Net Present Value Method..............................................
................................ 33
5.2.1.2 Benefit Cost Ratio Method .............................................
................................ 33
5.2.1.3 Internal Rate of Return Method ......................................
................................ 34
5.3 Assumptions of a General Nature ................................
....................................................... 34
5.4 Sensitivity Analysis of Vessel Operations .......................................................
................................ 35
5.4.1 Basic Vessel Operations .......................................................
................................ 35
5.4.2 A 25% Reduction in Prawn Landings .......................................
................................ 35
5.4.3 A 20% Reduction in Total Landings of Fish and Prawns ......... 36
5.4.4 A 25% Increase in Investment in a Fishing Vessel ................... 37
5.4.5 What quantity of landings is required to maintain a minimum
of 12% return on vessel investment? .........................................
................................ 37
5.4.6 The Situation in a "Poor" Fishing Season.............................................
................................ 38
5.5 Sensitivity Analysis of the Project ................................
....................................................... 39
Appendix – 1
Fleet Size, Fishermen Employed and Average Annual Landings .............................. 41
Appendix - 2
Average Landings and Value per Season for a Typical 9 mMotorised
Motorised Craft (MC),
18m Trawler and 24m Tuna Long Liner ....................................................... 43
................................
Appendix – 3
General Information, Operational Schedule and Estimated Annual Financial
Statement for a Typical 9 m Motorised Craft (MC), 18m Trawler and 24 m Tuna
Long Liner ................................
....................................................... 44
Appendix – 4
Recovery Factors and Percentages of Landings Allocated to various Products and
Mark ....................................................... 47
................................
Appendix – 5
Allocation of Raw Material and Products Produced for Each Market Outlet ............ 48
Appendix – 6
Estimates of Capacities of Shore – establishments .....................................................
................................ 49
Appendix 7 (a)
Cost of Production, Distribution and Marketing per Tonne of Fish and Prawn
Products for any Year 1 – 14 ................................
....................................................... 50
Appendix – 7 (b)
Retail or F.O.B Prices per Tonne of Product Weight .................................................
................................ 52
Appendix – 7 (c)
Consolidated Statement of Cost of Production, Distribution and Marketing of Fish
and Prawn Products - For any Year 1 – 14 ................................
....................................................... 53
Appendix – 8
Cash outflow Statement - New Investment ................................
....................................................... 55
Appendix – 9
Cash outflow StatementOperating Costs for Integrated Project Operations .............. 56
Appendix – 10
Cash Inflow StatementIncome
Income from Sale of Fish and Crustacean Products .............. 57
Appendix – 11
Reconciliation of Cash Inflow and Cash Outflow Statements ...................................
................................ 58
Appendix - 11 A
(1) A 20% reduction in total landings ................................
....................................................... 59
Appendix - 11 B
(2) A 25% reduction in export income ................................
....................................................... 60
Appendix - 11 C
(3) A 25% increase in Investment ................................
....................................................... 61
CHAPTER 6 ENGINEERING INVESTIGATIONS
6.1 Introduction ....................................................... 62

................................
6.2 Location of site ................................
....................................................... 62
6.3 Datum ................................
....................................................... 63
6.4 Grid ................................
....................................................... 64
6.5 Topographic & Hydrographic survey ................................
....................................................... 64
6.6 Tide Levels ................................
....................................................... 65
6.7 Tide Measurement ................................
....................................................... 65
6.8 Current Measurement ................................
....................................................... 65
6.9 Wind climate ................................
....................................................... 66
6.10 Wave climate ................................

....................................................... 66
6.11 Tropical depressions/Cyclones ................................
....................................................... 67
6.12 Visibility ................................
....................................................... 67
6.13 Demarcation of High Tide Line and Low Tide Line ......................................
................................ 67
6.14 Subsoil investigations ................................
....................................................... 68
6.14.1 Boring in Soil ................................
....................................................... 69
6.14.2 Standard Penetration Tests (SPT) ..............................................
................................ 69
6.14.3 Sampling ................................
....................................................... 70
6.14.4 Laboratory Testing ................................
....................................................... 70
6.14.5 Collection of Bed Samples & Testing .......................................
................................ 70
6.14.6 Collection of Water Samples & Testing ....................................
................................ 70
6.14.7 Conclusion ................................
....................................................... 71
CHAPTER 7 HYDRODYNAMICS MODELLING STUDY
7.1 Hydrodynamic Modelling Study ..................................................... 103

................................
7.1.1 Introduction ................................
..................................................... 103
7.1.2 Proposed Fishery Harbour Layout .....................................................
................................ 103
7.2 Scope of Work ................................

..................................................... 104
7.3 Project Datum and Conventions ..................................................... 104

................................
7.3.1 Units ................................
..................................................... 104
7.3.2 Coordinate System ................................
..................................................... 104
7.3.3 Vertical Reference Level ................................
..................................................... 104
7.3.4 Time Reference ................................
..................................................... 105
7.3.5 Direction Convention ................................
..................................................... 105
7.4 Data Sources ................................

..................................................... 105
7.4.1 Tide and Current Measurement .....................................................
................................ 105
7.4.2 Offshore Wave and Wind Climate .....................................................
................................ 107
7.5 Hydrodynamic Model Setup ..................................................... 109

................................
7.5.1 Grid and Bathymetry ................................
..................................................... 109
7.5.2 Boundary Condition ................................
..................................................... 112
7.5.3 Calibration ................................
..................................................... 113
7.5.4 Result ................................
..................................................... 114
7.6 Conclusions ................................

..................................................... 115
CHAPTER 8 DESIGN OF FISHERY HARBOUR
8.1 Design fishing fleet size ..................................................... 116

................................
8.2 Fishing vessel characteristics ................................
..................................................... 116
8.3 Depth of the Harbour ................................................................

..................................................... 116
8.4 Design data ................................
..................................................... 116
8.5 Computation of quay length for landing, idle-berthing,
idle berthing, outfitting and repair
quays ................................
..................................................... 117
8.5.1 Landing quay length ................................
..................................................... 117
8.5.2 Outfitting quay length ................................
..................................................... 119
8.5.3 Repair quay length ................................
..................................................... 120
8.5.4 Idle
Idle-berthing quay length .....................................................
................................ 120
8.5.5 Total Quay Length
L ................................
..................................................... 121
8.6 Fishery harbour layout ................................
..................................................... 121
8.7 Waterside facilities ................................
..................................................... 123
8.7.1 Breakwaters ................................
..................................................... 123
8.7.2 Quay ................................
..................................................... 123
8.7.3 Dredging and Disposal ................................
..................................................... 124
8.7.4 RC Sloping hard ................................
..................................................... 124
8.7.5 Revetment ................................
..................................................... 125
8.7.6 Navigational aids ................................
..................................................... 125
8.8 Landside facilities ................................
..................................................... 125
8.8.1 Land reclamation ................................
..................................................... 125
8.8.2 Fish handling and auction hall .................................................
................................ 126
8.8.3 Fish loading area ................................
..................................................... 131
8.8.4 Fishery Administrative office ..................................................
................................ 131
8.8.5 Fishermen’s Gear sheds ................................
..................................................... 131
8.8.6 Net mending sheds ................................
..................................................... 132
8.8.7 Boat Repair shops ................................
..................................................... 132
8.8.8 Restaurant ................................
..................................................... 133
8.8.9 Fishermen Rest shed ................................
..................................................... 133
8.8.10 Public Toilet blocks ................................
..................................................... 133
8.8.11 Fish Merchants Dormitory ................................

..................................................... 134
8.8.12 Coastal Police Station ................................
..................................................... 134
8.8.13 Radio-communication tower ...................................................

Radio ................................ 134
8.8.14 Securit
Security/Guard house and Compound wall ............................. 135
8.8.15 Approach road and internal roads ............................................
................................ 135
8.8.16 Parking areas for vehicles .....................................................
................................ 136
8.8.17 Boat Parking/Repair yard .....................................................
................................ 136
8.8.18 Fresh water supply and distribution system ............................ 136
8.8.19 Sea water supply and distribution system................................ 138
8.8.20 Drainage/Sewerage and wastewater treatment system ............ 139
8.8.21 Electric power and lighting system .........................................
................................ 140
8.8.22 Ice plant and chilled storage ....................................................
................................ 140
8.8.23 Civic amenity sites ................................
..................................................... 141
8.8.24 Fire extinguishers ................................
..................................................... 141
8.8.25 Greenery and Landscaping .....................................................

................................ 141
CHAPTER 9 PROJECT COST ESTIMATE
9.1 Unit Rates ..................................................... 143

................................
9.2 Abstract Cost Estimate ................................
..................................................... 143
LIST OF DRAWINGS:
AP - PUDI /01 : Map showing location and approaches to the site

AP - PUDI /02 : Topographic and hydrographic survey map
AP - PUDI /03 : Fishery Harbour layout
AP - PUDI /04 : Cross Section of Breakwater Trunk and Head
AP - PUDI /05 : Map showing proposed borehole locations
AP - PUDI /06 : Map showing proposed tide & current observation
observati
locations
AP - PUDI /07 : Quay – Bored Pile Structure (Plan, elevation and
section)
AP - PUDI /08 : Quay – Diaphragm Wall (Plan, elevation and section)
AP - PUDI /08 : Fish handling and auction hall for MFV’s (Plan,
elevation and section)
AP - PUDI /09 : Fish handling and packing hall for Tuna (Plan,
AP - PUDI /10 : Fish handling and auction hall for FRP boats (Plan,
AP - PUDI /11 : Fishery administrative office (Plan, elevation and
section)
AP - PUDI /12 : Fishermen’s gear shed (Plan, elevation and section)
AP - PUDI /13 : Net mending shed (Plan, elevation and section)
AP - PUDI /14 : Boat repair shop (Plan, elevation and section)
AP - PUDI /15 : Dormitory (Plan, elevation and section)
AP - PUDI /16 : Restaurant (Plan, elevation and section)
AP - PUDI /17 : Fishermen’s rest shed (Plan, elevation and section)
AP - PUDI /18 : Public toilet block (Plan, elevation and section)
AP - PUDI /19 : Radio-communication
communication tower (Plan, elevation and
section)
AP - PUDI /20 : Security/guard house (Plan, elevation and section)
AP - PUDI /21 : R.C. sloping hard (Plan, elevation and section)
AP - PUDI /22 : Road and compound wall sections
AP - PUDI /23 : Ice Plant (Plan, elevation and section)
AP - PUDI /24 : Coastal Policee (Plan, elevation and section)
CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 General
Proposed Pudimadaka fishery harbour site has been visited during the first week
of August 2017, during economic investigations detailed information have been
collected regarding fishing vessel type, size, operational schedule, landings etc.
and they were analysed after scrutiny. The proposed Pudimadaka fishery harbour
site is located at Atchutapuram Mandal in Visakhapatnam district.
Visakhapatnam district is a district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is
one of the nine coastal districts in the state, with the administrative headquarters
located at Visakhapatnam. According to the 2011 census Visakhapatnam district
has a population of 4,288,113. This gives it a ranking of 44th in India (out of a
total of 640) and 4th in its state. The district has a population density of 384
inhabitants per square kilometre (990/sq mi) Its population growth rate over the
decade 2001-2011 was 11.89%. Visakhapatnam has a sex ratio of 1003 females for
every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 67.7%.
The district has four revenue divisions, namely Anakapalli, Paderu, Narsipatnam
and Visakhapatnam, each headed by a sub collector. These revenue divisions are
divided into 43 mandals in the district. These district consists of 3265 villages and
15 towns including, 1 municipal corporation, 2 municipalities and 12 Census
Towns.Visakhapatnam city is the only municipal corporation. Municipalities are
Anakapalli, Bheemunipatnam and Narsipatnam. There are 10 mandals in
Visakhapatnam division, 11 each in Narsipatnam, Anakapalle and Paderu
divisions. 43 mandals under 4 revenue divisions are listed below:
Sl. Anakapalle Narsipatnam Visakhapatnam

Paderu Division
No. Division Division Division
1 Anakapalle Achutapuram Ananthagiri Anandapuram
2 Butchayyapeta Golugonda Araku Valley Bheemunipatnam
3 Cheedikada Kotauratla Chintapalle Gajuwaka
4 Chodavaram Makavarapalem Dumbriguda Padmanabham
5 Deverapalle Nakkapalle G.Madugula Paravada

6 K.Kotapadu Nathavaram Gudem Kotha Pedagantyada
7 Kasimkota Narsipatnam Hukumpeta Pendurthi
8 Madugula Payakaraopeta Koyyuru Sabbavaram
9 Munagapaka Rambilli Munchingi Puttu Visakhapatnam (rural)
10 Ravikamatham S.Rayavaram Paderu Visakhapatnam
11 Rolugunta Yelamanchili Peda Bayalu
Pudimadaka fishery centre is located at Atchutapuram

A chutapuram Mandal in Narsipatnam
division at Visakhapatnam district. Atchutapatnam
A chutapatnam is 35 km away from
Visakhapatnam and 560 km from
f Hyderabad. Achutapuram Mandal is bounded by
by Munagapaka Mandal towards North, Paravada Mandal towards East , Rambilli
Mandal towards west , Kasimkota Mandal towards west . Anakapalle City ,
Visakhapatnam City , Narsipatnam City , Tuni City are the nearby ne Cities.
Achutapuram consist of 67 Villages and 27 Panchayats . Gangamambapura
Agraharam is the smallest Village and Pudimadaka is the biggest Village . It is in
the 20 m elevation(altitude). It is near to bay of bengal. There is a chance of
humidity inn the weather.
Total population of Atchutapuram

chutapuram mandal is 58,899 consists of 29,621 male and
29,278 female residing in 13,491 houses
houses according to 2011 Indian Census.
Cen There
is a Lighthouse at Pudimadaka village. It was first time commissioned in 1971 and
renovated in 1991. The lighthouse was on a masonry tower of 26 meters height. It
has a visible range of 27 Nautical miles.
FIGURE 1: VISAKHAPATNAM DISTRICT MAP
During detailed economic investigations, primary and secondary data from the
fishing boat owners/operators, fishermen co-operative
co operative societies, fish and prawn
merchants, operators of ice plants etc. have been collected at the project area. In
addition to the above, conduct of socio economic study to know the socio
economic conditions of the fisher folk of the proposed project area. Collected the
number of mechanised, motorised and non-mechanised
non mechanised fishing vessels operating at
the project site and their size, method of fishing,
fishing, operational schedule, fish and
prawn landings per trip and per season, disposal of the catch, fishing vessel
investment, annual operating costs, cost of fuel & ice, cost of processing,
distribution and marketing of fish and prawn products, investment requiredreq for
construction of ice plant and chilled fish storage, infrastructure facilities available
etc.
The detailed economic investigation at the project site provided information an

actual fleet size operating at the proposed project area and also fishing
fishin boats
belonging to nearby area which can make use of the proposed project facilities.
Fishing Boat details available from various sources have also been verified to
arrive actual information on fleet size and their vessel economics at the proposed
projectt area. Based on the field study, statistics furnished by Department of
Fisheries and further discussion, design fleet size for the proposed Pudimadaka
fishery harbour has been arrived and also based on future projection based on the
growth of the fishing boats with 10 years forecast and also socio economic
conditions of the fisher folk and the capability of active fishermen at the project
area.
CHAPTER-2
FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA
2.1 General
Among the top ten fish producing countries, India is the second largest producer of
fish in the world. China is by far the top producer of fish with 55.3 million tonnes
in 2012 up more than 1% from 2011. Apart from the primary production sector,
fisheries and aquaculture provide numerous jobs in ancillary activities such as fish
processing, packaging, marketing and distribution, manufacturing of fish
processing equipment, net and gear making, ice production and supply, boat
construction and maintenance, research and administration. All of this
employment, together with dependants, is estimated to support the livelihoods of
14.49 million people. The annual per capita consumption of fishery products has
grown steadily in developing countries from 5.2 kg in 1961 to 17.0 kg in 2009. A
sizeable share of fish consumed in developed countries consists of imports, and
owing to steady demand and declining domestic fishery production (down 10% in
the period 2000–2010), their dependence on imports, in particular from developing
countries like India, is projected to grow in coming years.
Fishing is one of the oldest means of livelihood of mankind and fisheries sector
play an important role in the national economy and in the socio-economic
development in India. It provides employment opportunities to large sections of
the population, supplies rich protein diet at affordable costs and earns foreign
exchange. The fisheries sector contributes US$ 4.4 billion to the national income.
The present fish production in the country as of 2012-13 is 9.04 million tonnes
whereas the estimated fish potential is about 9.4 million tonnes. Fisheries sector
contributed Rs.78053 crores to the GDP (at current prices) during 2012-13, which
is 0.83% of the total GDP at factor cost and 4.75% of the GDP at factor cost from
agriculture, forestry and fishing. The share of fisheries sector in the total GDP at
factor cost in current prices has doubled from 0.40% in 1950-51 to 0.83% in 2012-
13. The fisheries sector has also been one of the major contributors of foreign
exchange earnings. During 2013-14, export of marine products reached 983 756
tonnes valued at Rs.30 213.26crores (over US$5007.7million).
Importance of the fisheries sector to the Indian economy is widely acknowledged.

Its significance lies in three major areas: First of all, it is a source of animal protein
for human consumption. It is expected that by the year 2020, the fish eating
population in the country would be around 650 million. Secondly, it is a source of
employment. About 2.1 million fisher populace in India draw their livelihood from
fisheries who belong to poor backward community of the society. Thirdly, it is a
source of foreign exchange. Fisheries play an important role in the national
economy, providing full-time or part-time employment to over 14.49 million
peoplewho are engaged fully, partially or in subsidiary activities pertaining to the
DETAILED PROJECT REPORT - Pudimadaka Fishing Harbour
sector. Objectives for future fisheries development include enhancing fish

production, generating employment,
employmen improving socio-economiceconomic conditions of
fishers, increasing marine products for export, and increasing per capita
availability of fish to about 11 kg/annum. There would be a marginal improvement
in the nutritional status as a result of increased fish consumption.
consumption. These objectives
are intended to be achieved through an integrated approach to marine and inland
fisheries and aquaculture, taking into account the need for responsible and
sustainable fisheries. Conservation of aquatic resources and genetic bio-diversity
bio is
another thrust area for the next millennium.
2.2 Fishery Resources
India has vast potential for fisheries from both inland and marine resources.
Marine and inland fisheries resources of India are shown in Table below.
Fisheries Resources of India – at a glance

Marine Resources & Fishery Statistics
Coastline (km) 8 118
Exclusive Economic Zone (million km2)
West coast 0.86
East coast 0.56
A & N Islands 0.60
Total 2.02
Continental shelf (‘000 km2) 530
Fish production in 2012-13
2012
Marine 3.321
Inland 5.714
Total 9.035
Fish export in 2013-14
2013
Quantity (‘000 tonnes) 983.756
Value (Rs.in crore) 30213.26
Contribution of fisheries to GDP at current prices (2012-13)
(2012
GDP from fisheries(Rs.in crore) Rs.78053
GDP from agriculture 4.75%
In Total GDP 0.83%
Fishing villages (Nos.) 3 432
Fishery centres (Nos.) 1 537
Fisher families (Nos.) 874 749
Fisher folk population (Nos.) 4 056213
Inland Resources
Rivers & canals (km) 195 095
Reservoirs (lakh ha.) 29.26367
Tanks and ponds (lakh ha) 24.3276

Floodplain/derelict water bodies (lakh ha) 7.983
Brackish water (lakh ha) 11.55
Saline/alkaline affected area (lakh ha) 12.40
2.3 Marine Fisheries
Marine fisheries is a renewable resource and is considered to be a pro-poor pro

subsector. Marine fish production has been still found as a capture fishery resource
registering the highest production (40%) from the northwest coast and the lowest
(6%) from the northeast coast, with highest landings being through mechanized
craft (64%). The traditional (artisanal) fishery, on which most people depend
accounted for 37% in 1982, is currently contributing only 8%.
According to the Handbook on Fisheries Statistics, 2014 brought out by

Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying & Fisheries (DAHD&F), Ministry of
Agriculture, Government
ernment of India which included data of National Marine
Fisheries Census 2010, the Indian fishing craft consists of a total of 199 141
fishing crafts,
rafts, comprising of 72 749 mechanized vessels and 73 710 motorized and
the remaining 52982 traditional non-mechanized
non mechanized craft. As was reported in 2010,
traditional crafts and motorized crafts are concentrated more in the east coast (72%
and 58%) whereas the mechanized vessels are more along the west coast (58%).
The total number of fishing craft also is more on the east coast.
Fishing Craft in India
Mechanized Traditional non-

non
Sl. Maritime Motorized
fishing vessels mechanized Total
No. State/UT craft
(MFVs) craft
1. Gujarat 18 278 8 238 1 884 28 400
2. Maharashtra 13 016 1 563 2 783 17 362
3. Goa 1 142 1 297 227 2 666
4. Daman & Diu 1 000 359 321 1 680
5. Karnataka 3 643 7 518 2 862 14 023
6. Kerala 4 722 11 175 5 884 21 781
Lakshadweep
7 129 606 727 1462
Islands
8. Tamil Nadu 10 692 24 942 10 436 46 070
9. Puducherry 369 1 562 662 2 593
Andhra
10. 3 167 10 737 17 837 31 741
Pradesh
11. Odisha 2 248 3 922 4 656 10 826
12. West Bengal 14 282 - 3 066 17 348
13. A & N Islands 61 1 591 1 637 3 189
Mechanized Traditional non-

non
Sl. Maritime Motorized
fishing vessels mechanized Total
No. State/UT craft
(MFVs) craft
Total 72749 73 410 52 982 199 141
After declaration of the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) in 1977, the oceanic
resources available to India are estimated at 2.02 million km2, comprising 0.86
million km2 (42.6 % of the total) on the west coast, 0.56 million km2 (27.7%) on
the east coast and 0.60 million km2 (29.7%) around the Andaman and Nicobar
Islands. The continental shelf area amounts to 530 000 km2 of which 71% area is
available in the Arabian Sea (west coast) and the remaining 29% in the Bay Ba of
Bengal (east coast). The country has a long coastline of 8 118 km and an equally
large area under estuaries, backwaters, lagoons etc., which is highly amenable for
developing capture as well as culture fisheries. As per the National Marine
Fisheries Census,
ensus, 2010, the marine fisheries activities are spread in approximately
1537 landing centres and 3 432 fishing villages located along the coastline on the
mainland and the two Island territories of Lakshadweep and the Andaman &
Nicobar Islands.
The estimated
ated marine resource potential of the Indian EEZ is 4.42 million tonnes
at the present exploitation rates. In marine fisheries, while inshore waters have
been almost exploited to the sustainable levels, contributions from the deep sea
have been insignificant.
nt. The trend based surveys have indicated that in the depth
range up to 100 m, which contributes to about 86% of the total exploited
resources; practically there is little possibility of witnessing quantitative increase
in fish production. However, the depthdepth ranges beyond 100 m have avenues of
expansion, albeit more in qualitative terms. In this domain, the possibility revolves
around oceanic resources like tuna, bill fishes and allied species whose combined
potential is pegged at 0.22 million tonnes with the lucrative yellow fin tuna
contributing to the tune of 40% to it.
Among the maritime States, Gujarat (693560 tonne, 20.88%) has emerged as the
leading producer of marine fish in the country during 2012-13,
2012 13, followed by Kerala
(530 640 tonne, 15.98%), Maharashtra (448910 tonne, 13.52%) and Tamil Nadu
(428440 tonne, 12.90%). These four States together provide nearly 63% of the
marine fish production of the country. Nearly 77% of the fish catch is marketed
fresh. The fish drying and curing industry in India
India is on the decline, with only
about 5% fish being used for curing. Frozen fish accounts for 9%, 4% goes for
reduction to fish meal, 1% for offal reduction and 4% for miscellaneous purposes.
There have been significant inputs to marine fisheries development
development in recent years.
Plans have been approved for 7 major and 70 minor fishery harbours and 196 fish
landing centres, of which the 7 major fishery harbours, 45 minor fishery harbours
and 180 FLCs have been commissioned, and others are under construction.
2.4 Fish Production and Trend
Globally India's share in fisheries production in 2012-13

2012 13 was about 5.72% of
which marine fish production was 2.1% and inland fish production 3.62%. The
share of India in global fish production has grown gradually, from about
abou 2.6%
during the 1960s and 1970s to the present level of 5.72%. Table below provides a
comparative account of the global and Indian fish production from capture and
culture fisheries.
Fish Production in India and the World
Capture fish Aquaculture

Total fish
production production
production
Year (in million (in million
(in million tonnes)
tonnes) tonnes)
Global India Global India Global India
6.572
2005 92.0 2.816 44.3 3.756 136.3
(4.82%)
6.869
2006 89.7 3.024 47.3 3.845 137.0
(5.01%)
7.127
2007 90.8 2.920 49.9 4.207 140.7
(5.06%)
7.616
2008 90.1 2.978 52.9 4.638 143.0
(5.33%)
7.998
2009 79.6 3.104 55.7 4.894 135.3
(5.91%)
8.231
2010 89.1 3.250 59.0 4.981 148.1
(5.56%)
8.666
2011 93.7 3.372 62.0 5.294 155.7
(5.56%)
9.040
2012 91.3 3.321 66.6 5.719 157.9
(5.72%)
Note: Capture fish production for India is taken to be that of marine fisheries and aquaculture
production is mainly from inland fisheries
Overall fish production of India has shown an increasing trend from 0.75 million
tonnes in 1950-5151 to reach 9.04 million tonnes in 2012-13
2012 13 registering an average
annual growth rate of around 4.3% since 1950s. With a vast fish production
potential, particularly
arly in inland fisheries (mainly reservoirs) and aquaculture, the
sector has shown an average annual growth rate of about 6% over the Five-Year
Five
Plan periods. In case of marine fisheries, fish production has increased from 0.53
million tonnes in 1950--51 to 3.321 million tonnes in 2012-13 13 with an average

annual growth rate of 2.61%. In the inland sector, the growth has been steady,
increasing from 0.218 million tonnes during 1950-51
1950 51 to about 5.719 million tonnes
in 2012-13,
13, with an annual growth rate of 6.1%.
Fish Production in India (2004-05

(2004 to 2013-14)
14)
Year Fish Production Average annual growth rate

(‘000 tonnes) (%)
Marine Inland Total Marine Inland Total
2004-05 2 779 3 526 6 305 -5.51 1.97 -1.47
2005-06 2 816 3 756 6 572 1.33 6.52 4.23
2006-07 3 024 3 845 6 869 7.39 2.37 4.52
2007-08 2 920 4 207 7 127 -3.44 9.41 3.76
2008-09 2 978 4 639 7 617 1.99 10.24 6.86
2009-10 3 104 4 894 7 998 4.23 5.52 5.02
2010-11 3 250 4 981 8 231 4.70 1.78 2.91
2011-12 3 372 5294 8 666 3.75 6.28 5.28
2012-13 3 321 5 719 9 040 -1.51 8.03 4.32
2013-14 3 443 6 136 9 579 3.67 7.29 5.96
(P)
P: Provisional
Source: Handbook on Fisheries Statistics (2014), Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries
(DAHD&F), Ministry
ry of Agriculture, Government of India.
2.5 Fish Production Potential
Maritime States along the west and east coasts of India are implementing closed
season of 45 to 75 days for mechanized fishing vessels as a corollary to their
Marine Fishing Regulation Acts. Earlier there was no uniformity of ban period, but
after the intervention
rvention of the Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India, the ban has
been made uniform for 47 days all along the west coast (June 15 – July 31) and
east coast (April 15 – May 31) States and Union Territories.
India’s marine fisheries production has reached

reached a plateau and, at best, only
marginal increase is predicted in the near future. Most major stocks are fully
exploited and further increase has to come from exploitation of deep-sea
deep resources.
Fishing efforts are largely confined to the inshore waters through
th artisanal,
traditional, mechanized sectors. About 90% of the present production from the
marine sector is from within a depth range of up to 50 to 70 m and remaining 10%

from depths extending up to 200 m. While 93% of the production is contributed by
artisanal, mechanized and motorized sector, the remaining 7% is contributed by
deep sea fishing fleets confining their operation mainly to the shrimp grounds in
the upper East Coast.
Depth-wise
wise marine fish production potential shows that about 87% of the th
resources are available in the 100 m depth zone and only 8% beyond i.e. 100-200
100
m depth and 200-500 500 m depth zone. The resources in oceanic area have been
estimated as 5% of the total potential. The oceanic resources largely comprise
yellow fin tuna (80 00000 tonnes), skipjack tuna (99 000 tonnes), bigeye tuna (500
tonnes), billfishes (5 900 tonnes), pelagic sharks (20 800 tonnes) and other species
(3 800 tonnes).
2.6 Fish Export and Trend
The fishery sector is a major foreign exchange earner in the Indian economy. The
export touched 983756 tonnes valued Rs.307121.48 crores during 2013-14.
2013 During
the previous year, it was 928215 tonnes valued at Rs.18856.26 crores. Since 2009-
2009
10, the marine product exports have crossed US $ 2 billion for the third
consecutive
ve time and during 2013-14,
2013 14, export earnings for the first time in 2013-14
2013
touched US $ 5.0 billion mark registering an increase of 6% in terms of volume
and 60% by value compared to the previous year.
Presently, the global fish trade is estimated over US $ 138 billion. The share of
marine products in total export earnings from India is over 3% of which the share
of frozen shrimp in the export earnings is very high and contributes about 64% of
the total export earnings. While export of fish and shrimp in various
v forms,
constitutes more than 80% of Indian sea food exports, shrimp alone accounts for
64% of the value of exports. However, the major share of the present export in
volumetric terms is in bulk form while a small share of the exports comprise of
value-added
added products. The export mainly consisted of frozen Shrimp
(64%)followed by low valued fresh/frozen fin fish varieties (14.2%), frozen
Cephalopods (10.3%) and dried seafood items (3.3%). Southeast Asia including
China was the top most importer of Indian
Indian seafood shared close to 46.34% of
export in terms of volume and 32.48% by value followed by USA (11.27% by
volume & 25.63% by value), EU (17.76% by volume & 20.29% by value), Japan
(7.27% by volume &8.15% by value) and Middle East (5.90% by volume &
5.29%
29% by value). There is also growing export of canned and processed fish from
India.
The major change noticed in the export trend, during the year 2013-14
2013 is the
emergence of South East Asia who continued to be the top most importer of
marine products in terms of volume and value followed by USA. The other
individual markets, which increased their shares during 2013-14,
2013 are other
countries like Canada, Mauritius, Australia, Switzerland, Maldives, New Zealand,
Reunion, Panama, Venezuela, Taiwan, Bangladesh,

Bangladesh, Philippines, Turkey and
Malta. The significant development in the expansion of export is the strengthening
of India’s presence in Southeast Asia and USA. These developments in the marine
products export happened despite continuing recession in the international
intern
markets, debt crisis in European Union (EU) economies, continuing antidumping
duty in US and the sluggish growth in US economy and political instability in the
Arab world. The increased production and productivity of shrimps, Littopenaeus
vannamei (white leg shrimp) and Penaeus monodon (black tiger shrimp) and better
price realization of major items like cuttlefish, shrimp and squid helped realizing a
higher export turnover.
Fish Export from India (2004-05

(2004 to 2013-14)
Quantity Value Average annual growth

Year (tonnes) (Rs.in crore) rate (%)
Quantity Value
2004-05 461 329 6 646.55 11.97 9.10
2005-06 512 163 7 245.73 11.01 9.01
2006-07 612 643 8 363.52 19.62 15.43
2007-08 541 701 7 620.93 -11.58 -8.88
2008-09 602 834 8 607.95 11.29 12.95
2009-10 678 436 10 048.53 12.54 16.74
2010-11 813 091 12 901.46 19.85 28.39
2011-12 862 021 16 597.24 6.01 28.65
2012-13 928 214 18 856.26 7.68 13.61
2013-14 983 756 30 213.27 5.99 60.23
Source: Marine Products Export Development Authority (MPEDA), Kochi
2.7 Fish Catch Utilisation and Fish Consumption in India
Of the total fish production in the country, over 80% of the fish catch is marketed
as fresh or chilled and forms a staple food in the coastal and inland areas while 6%
goes for drying and curing. Frozen fish production accounts for about 7%, while
6% is reduced
educed to fish meal, and one percent used for other purposes. The fish
canning industry utilises less than one percent of the total catch.Pelagic and mid-
mid
water species contributed 51.6% of the total fish landings. Although contributing
only 10% of the total total marine landings, shrimp is still the most important
commercial variety due to its export potential. According to the National Sample
Survey Organisation (NSSO), the annual per capita fish consumption was 2.45 kg
in 1983; it increased to 3.45 kg in 1999-2000.
1999 000. Only 35% population in India was
estimated to be fish eater and their annual per capita fish consumption was 9.8 kg
in 1999-2000.
2000. The lower fish consumption is also on account of restricted food
habits.
CHAPTER-3
OVERVIEW
RVIEW OF ANDHRA PRADESH FISHERY SECTOR
3.1 General
Andhra Pradesh has a coastline of 974 km with the continental shelf area covering
over 33,227 sq. km, is situated on the East coast of India. It is located between Lat.
13o 40’ N and 19o N and Long. 80o E and 85o E. Andhra Pradesh has some of the
important ports in the country and is thus of great importance with regards to
trade. Fishery harbours have been developed at five places i.e. Visakhapatnam,
Kakinada, Nizampatnam, Machilipatnam and Bhavanapadu and they cater to the
requirements of about 1545 mechanised fishing vessels. Still a large number of
MFVs are operating without any landing, berthing and outfitting facilities. Out of
the above mentioned five fishery harbours, the Bhavanapadu fishery harbour has
become defunct due to large scale siltation at the entrance of the river mouth.
As per 2011 Census, United Andhra Pradesh has a population of 8.46 Crore, an
increase from figure of 7.62 Crore in 2001 census. Total population of Andhra
Pradesh is 84,580,777 of which
which male and female are 42,442,146 and 42,138,631
respectively. In 2001, total population was 76,210,007 in which males were
38,527,413 while females were 37,682,594. The total population growth in this
decade was 10.98 % while in previous decade it was 13.86
13.86 %. The population of
Andhra Pradesh forms about 7 % of India in 2011. In 2001, the figure was about
7.4 %. Literacy rate in Andhra Pradesh has seen upward trend and is 67.02 percent
as per 2011 population census and it is a cause for concern and male literacy
stands at 74.88 % while female literacy is at 58.68%.
Total area of United Andhra Pradesh is 275,045 sq. km. Density of Andhra
Pradesh is 308 per sq km which is lower than national average of 382 per sq km.
Details of 2011 census in respect to the State have been furnished below:
Table - 1
2011 Census abstract of United Andhra Pradesh State
Description 2011 2001

Total Population 84,580,777 76,210,007
Male 42,442,146 38,527,413
Female 42,138,631 37,682,594
Population Growth 10.98% 13.86%
Density/km2 308 277
Area km2 275,045 275,045
Child Population (0-6
(0 Age) 9,142,802 10,171,857
Literacy 67.02% 60.47%
Male Literacy 74.88% 71.16%
Female Literacy 58.68% 50.29%
Out of total population of United Andhra Pradesh, 33.36% people live in urban
regions. The total figure of population living in urban areas is 28,219,075 of which
14,198,905 are males and remaining 14,020,170 are females. Andhra Pradesh is
divided into three
ee regions i.e. Coastal Andhra, Rayalaseema and Telangana.
Telangana
 Coastal Andhra comprises 9 districts of Srikakulam,

Srikakulam Vizianagaram,
Visakhapatnam, East
Eas Godavari, West Godavari, Krishna, Guntur,
Guntur Prakasam
and Nellore.
 Rayalaseema comprises 4 districts of Anantapur, Chittoor,

Chittoor Cuddapah and
Kurnool.
 Telangana consists 10 districts of Hyderabad, Adilabad,

Adilabad Khammam,
Karimnagar, Mahbubnagar,
Mahbubnagar Medak, Nalgonda, Nizamabad,
Nizamabad Rangareddy
and Warangal.
Table – 2
Region & District-Wise
District Wise population of united Andhra Pradesh
as per 2011 census
Name of the District Population Male Female
Coastal Andhra
1. East Godavari 5,154,296 2,569,688 2,584,608
2. Guntur 4,887,813 2,440,521 2,447,292
3. Krishna 4,517,398 2,267,375 2,250,023
4. Visakhapatnam 4,290,589 2,138,910 2,151,679
5. West Godavari 3,936,966 1,964,918 1,972,048
6. Prakasam 3,397,448 1,714,764 1,682,684
7. Nellore 2,963,557 1,492,974 1,470,583
8. Srikakulam 2,703,114 1,341,738 1,361,376
9.Vizianagaram
Vizianagaram 2,344,474 1,161,477 1,182,997
Rayalaseema
1. Kurnool 4,053,463 2,039,227 2,014,236
2. Anantapur 4,081,148 2,064,495 2,016,653
3. Cuddapah 2,882,469 1,451,777 1,430,692
4. Chittoor 4,174,064 2,090,204 2,083,860
Telangana
1. Rangareddy 5,296,741 2,701,008 2,595,733
2. Mahbubnagar 4,053,028 2,050,386 2,002,642
3. Hyderabad 3,943,323 2,018,575 1,924,748
4. Karimnagar 3,776,269 1,880,800 1,895,469
5. Warangal 3,512,576 1,759,281 1,753,295
6. Nalgonda 3,488,809 1,759,772 1,729,037
7. Medak 3,033,288 1,523,030 1,510,258
8. Khammam 2,797,370 1,390,988 1,406,382
9. Adilabad 2,741,239 1,369,597 1,371,642
10. Nizamabad 2,551,335 1,250,641 1,300,694
3.2 Socio- economic schemes for the welfare of fishermen community
Andhra Pradesh is undertaking every effort for the Socio-economic

Socio economic development
of the poor fishermen community and the following are the few schemes.
• Subsidy for the motorisation of the traditional craft.

• Tax free diesel to mechanised boats and country craft.
• National Savings-cum-relief
Savings scheme for fishermen.
• Fishing ban period relief for fishermen family.
• Bio-matric
matric ID cards for the fisherfolk.
• Insuring the life of the fishermen under group accident scheme and
insurance coverage for the individual fishermen and
• Educational assistance for the fisherfolk to
to pursue marine sciences.
3.3 Need to Develop

lop Fishery Harbour at Pudimadaka
Pudimadaka in Visakhapatnam
District
There is a need develop fishery harbour due to the non-availability

non availability of full-fledged
full
fishery harbour infrastructure facilities at the site. Pudimadaka
Pudima ka site
si fishermen are
facing difficult without landing and berthing facilities at the site. Mechanised
fishing boats of the area in and around the fishery centre operating elsewhere in
the State due to non-availability
availability of berthing and landing facilities. Motorised
Motori and
traditionla boats are operating at the site. Once the fishery harbour is developed at
Pudimadakka 18 metre and 24 metre mechanised fishing vessels can operate from
the site and they can go for 15 trips in a fishing season consisting 12 days per trip.
tri
18 metre can land about 60 tonnes per year at the rate of about 4 tonne per trip
comprising 0.6 tonne prawns and 3.4 tonnne fish. 9 metre motorised boat goes for
2 days per trip and 90 trips in a fishing season and lands 222 kg per trip and 20
tonne in a fishing season spread over nine months. 24 metre Tuna Long Liner can
also go for 15 trips of 12 days duration and land about 6000 kg per trip and 90
tonnes in a season. Development of a fishery harbour is sure to generate more
employment opportunities for for the local unemployed people and the fishermen
community. A large number of workers in the fishery harbour are from the fisher
community comprising of boat crew, head-load
head load and ice workers, women fish
vendors, fish merchants etc.
etc
3.4 Design Fleet Size
In order to decide the design fleet size for the project, the economic investigation
team visited the site and held discussions with the officers of the Fisheries
Department of Andhra Pradesh and stakeholders regarding the number of fishing
vessels operating
ng from Visakhapatnam District and the total number of fishing
vessels for which the fishery harbour has to be designed. Further, the Fisheries
Department has provided the fishing vessels’ statistics during the economic
investigations. Accordingly, it is suggested
suggested after stakeholders meeting that the
fishing harbour could be designed for a total fishing fleet of 930 vessels
comprising 700 numbers of 9 metre motorissed, 200 numbers of 18 metre
mechanised fishing vessels and 30 numbers of 24 metre TLL which was w also
concurred by the Commissioner
Commis ioner of Fisheries, Govt. of AP. The details of the fleet
using the harbour such as number of boats, their overall length, annual average
landing, duration of each fishing trip etc. are given in Table.
Fishing Vessel, Duration of trips and Landings

in respect of the proposed Pudimadakka Fishery harbour
Tuna
Motorised Trawler
1 Type & Size of the Vessel Long Line
9 Metre 18Metre 24 Metre
2 Days per Trip 2 12 12
3 Total Number of Trips 90 15 15
4 Total fishing Days 180 180 180
5 Rest Days 90 90 90
6 Fishing Season Days 270 270 270
Landings per Trip
7 222 4000 6000
(Qty. in kg)
Landings per Season
8 20 60 90
(Qty.in ton)
9 Total Number of Vessels 700 200 30
10 Total Landings in Tonnes 14,000 12,000 2,700
CHAPTER-4
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
4.1 Introduction
This Chapter summarises the main features of the project proposal. The text
should be read in conjunction with the Appendices attached to this part of the
report. To facilitate presentation of essential features of the project, brief tables are
incorporated in the text. These are used simply to highlight indispensable elements
and to reduce, where appropriate, the need for lengthy textual explanations.
4.2 Time – Scale
The project described in this report is based on certain assumptions about "time".
It may be seen that in some of the Appendices, the time-scale commences with
year '0'. As it is unknown at this stage (September 2017) as to when the harbour
works will be completed or advanced to a point, when it would be practicable for
fishing vessels to use facilities, year '0' has been chosen to cover the indefinite
period of time elapsing between project formulation and commissioning of the
harbour. During the period year '0', it is assumed that the existing fishing
operations will continue in the present manner and mechanised fishing vessels
would come and operate at the fishery harbour. However some expansion and
reorganisation may occur due to harbour construction.
By the time the harbour development is complete, the existing fishing vessels will
continue fishing operations. During year '0' those concerned with shore-based
activities may construct facilities such as ice plants, cold storage etc. to meet the
needs of the total fishing fleet. The project ' time-scale' therefore, covers two time
divisions. Firstly, an indefinite period of time covered by the concept of year '0'
and secondly, definite period of 14 years have been taken for evaluation. The
project as cast in the report reaches maximum efficiency and the level of
stabilisation in the first year itself. Table 4-1 outlines the relationship between
“time" and "project implementation".
Table 4-1
Project Activity Time – Year
Project formulation, preparation of tenders, securing of official
sanctions, tendering, etc. "0"
Harbour under construction
"0"
Building of shore-based facilities, if any, during later part of
"0"
year
Harbour commissioned 1
Project reaches maximum efficiency and period of
1
stabilisation
Period for economic evaluation "0" to 14
4.3 Fleet Size
The harbour has been designed to accommodate 930 mechanised fishing vessels
comprising 9 m motorised boats 700 numbers, 200 numbers of 18 m Trawler boats
and 30 numbers of 24 m Tuna Long Liner (TLL). Appendix 1 gives details of the
fishing fleet. All the fishing vessels are already in operation at the fishery harbour
while some MFVs are belonging to this area are expected to covert as Tuna Long
Liner and no new fishing vessels are proposed to be added to the existing fleet.
The fishing vessels, which may cease operation due to old age and major repairs,
are expected to be replaced by new ones in the normal process by the vessel
owners.
4.4 Fishing Operations
The 9 m motorised craft would undertake 90 trips of two days duration, 18 metre
trawler undertake 15 trips of 12 days duration in a fishing season spread over nine
months. 24 metre Tuna Long Liner also undertakes 15 trips of 12 days duration
durati in
a nine months fishing season. The operational schedule for each type of fishing
vessel is shown in section 2.0
2 of Appendix 3.
4.5 Catch Composition and Vessel Landings
Appendix 2, for each type of fishing vessel, contains information about the
composition of landings on a seasonal basis. Obviously, landings will not be
constant on a year-to-year
year basis. Hence, the data included in Appendix 2 represent
averages over the time span of project evaluation. The basis for the estimate is
essentially the existing effort and some expectations in future after harbour
construction.
Throughout the Appendices attached to the the report, reference is made to various
classes of fish and prawns for example, Prawns - Class 1, Fish - Class 4 etc. Class
1 prawn would be around 40 to 45 counts whereas Class 2 & 3 prawns would be
around 70 to 80 counts & more than 100 counts respectively.
respectively. In the case of fish,
Class 1 is high quality fish while Class 2 & 3 is medium quality fish and Class 4 is
low quality or trash fish. Tuna also included in the fish classes. All the Class I
Prawns and Fish are exported while 70% of Prawns Class 2 and 50% of Fish Class
2 is being
eing exported. 60% of Prawns class 3 is considered for export. The
Department of Fisheries has identified about 50 species of fish and prawns of
commercial importance, which may be taken from the waters off the proposed
fishery centre. To include detailed accounts, from a catch composition point of
view, of all such species, would involve unnecessary space in report presentation.
Hence to facilitate evaluation procedure, a simple grading system (based on boat-
boat
side price) has been adopted.
adopt The resultant class/price relationship
elationship is shown in
Table 4-2.
Table 4-2
Price Range Average

Grade
(Rs./kg) Price (Rs./kg)
Prawns
Class 1 600-400 500
Class 2 350-250 300
Class 3 120-80 100
Fish
Class 1 170-130 150
Class 2 120-80 100
Class 3 70-50 60
Class 4 25-35 30
As mentioned earlier, the catch composition and landings per season for each type
of fishing vessel are shown in Appendix 2. The quantity and value (boat-side)
(boat of
landings on an annual basis for each type of fishing vessel is briefly summarised in
Table 4-3.
Table 4-3
Item Fishing Vessels

9 m OBM 18 m Trawler 24 m TLL
Prawns
Landings (kg) 1,600 9,000 -
Value (Rs) 2,80,000 24,60,000 -
Fish
Landings (kg) 18,400 51,000 90,000
Value (Rs) 10,08,000 49,50,000 84,15,000
Total Fish and Prawns
Landings (kg) 20,000 60,000 90,000
Value (Rs.) 12,88,000 74,10,000 84,15,000
Total landings and value (boatside) per year for the period of staged development
are summarised in Table 4-4.
4 The landings and value given in the Table would
more or less be same throughout the project evaluation period.
Table 4-4
Fishing Vessel
Item
9M 18 M 24 M TOTAL
Prawns
Landings (tonne) 1,120 1,800 - 2,920
Value (Rs. In Lakhs) 1,960 4,920 - 6,880
Fish
Landings (tonne) 12,880 10,200 2,700 25,780
Value (Rs. In Lakhs) 7,056 9,900 2,525 19,481
Total Fish and Prawns
Landings (tonne) 14,000 12,000 2,700 28,700
Value (Rs. In Lakhs) 9,016 14,820 2,525 26,361
Table 4-5 shows the relative importance of each class of prawns and fish in
relation to total landings of the fleet and total value of boatside sales. The
percentages given cover the period for any year from years 1-14.
1
Table 4-5
Item Landings
Quantity (%) Value (%)
Prawns Class 1 1.67 9.10
Class 2 3.55 11.61
Class 3 4.95 5.39
Total 10.17 26.10
Fish Class 1 15.73 25.69
Class 2 21.69 23.61
Class 3 22.89 14.95
Class 4 29.51 9.64
Total 89.83 73.90
Total fish and prawns 100.00 100.00
4.6 Sea-going
going personnel
Table 4-6
Crew Per Total Per Total Per Total
vessel fleet vessel fleet vessel fleet
Skipper 1st 1 700 1 200 1 30
Skipper 2nd - - 1 200 1 30
Deckhands 3 2100 6 1200 8 240
Total 4 2800 8 1600 10 300
The crew members of all the two type fishing vessels are paid their wages on
monthly for 10 months except 9 M Craft crew get 60% of net after deducting fuel,
food and ice while 18 m and 24 m crew get monthly salary. The details of wages
have been given in the following Table 4-7.
4
Table 4-7

Rs. 4,08,600 Rs. 9,50,000 Rs. 11,50,000
In addition to their share, the vessel owner spends about Rs.36,000, Rs.72,000 and
Rs.90,000 for 9 m OBM, 18 m Trawler and 24 m Tuna Long Liner respectively
towards the cost of food for the crew members in a fishing season.
4.7 Shore-based
based facilities
The cost estimate for the harbour complex (Rs.29,885 lakhs) contained in
Appendix 8 of this report includes inter-alia
inter alia provision for breakwaters, dredging,
reclamation and levelling, revetment with stone pitching, fish handling and auction
hall, RC sloping hard, fishery administrative building, fishermen
fishermen gear shed,
fishermen rest shed, net mending shed, restaurant, dormitory for fish merchants,
public toilet block, boat repair shop, security/guard house, compound wall and
main gate, radio-communication
communication tower etc.
The existing capacity of ice plants

plant in and around Visakhapatnam is not sufficient,
therefore 10 tonne ice plant with 20 tonne cold storage has been proposed and the
cost has been included in cash outflow. In addition, the fish merchants are
themselves bringing ice when they buy fish at boatside.
boatside. The recommended
capacity for this facility have been established on the basis of the total landings
shown in Appendix 1 and the assumptions about marketing of fish and prawn
products listed in Appendix 4. The total capacity of ice plants required to meet the
needs of the fishery industry at Pudimadaka has been estimated at 160 tonne/day
and ice & fish storage capacity of 320 tonnes. The reconciliation of these estimates
and assumption is contained in Appendix 6.
4.8 Transport
The fishery harbour development project outlined in this report does not include
any capital investment on trucks to move fish products to inland markets. To do
so, would result in unused capacity during off-season
off season or poor fishing season. It is
assumed that road transport will
will be hired and further supplemented by rail service.
The hinterland of the project area has a fairly good network of all-weather
all roads
and vehicular transport is possible throughout the year. The hiring of transport
may perhaps present some difficulties during
during peak landing periods and the existing
ice plants and chilled fish storage capacities would take care of the excess catches.
The cost of transport is shown in Appendices 7(a) and 7(c). The amounts shown
make no provision for income, which may be earned
earned by a truck-owner
truck for either
forward or back loading, as the case may be. With respect to overseas shipment of
frozen products, it is assumed that this will take place from Chennai Port. In
Appendix 7(a), under the heading "Transport to Market or Shipside",
Shipside an amount of
Rs.1,000 per tonne of product is charged. This estimate includes transport and
lighterage, if applicable.
4.9 Marketing
Appendices 4 and 5 give details of the basic assumptions covering the disposal of
landings (raw material) and allocation
allocation of products to various markets.
In Appendices 4 to 7 (c) inclusive and Appendix 10, market areas are shown as
"Export", "Local” “Inland” and "Howrah/Chennai". The export market is any
place outside India. The local market area comprises towns and villages,
villa within 30
km from the fishery harbour. The figure of 30 km is chosen, because it roughly
represents the distance a bicycle/moped vendor travels with his baskets, in order to
catch an evening market. Inland markets are those places towards hinterland of o the
fishery harbour. For the purpose of transport costs, it is assumed that the average
distance between the fishery harbour and the inland markets is around 450 km,
though some consignments may be sent to much shorter distances than the figure
indicated.. The relative importance of each market area with respect to sales can be
seen in Table 4-8.
Table 4-8
Percentage Percentage Percentage

Market raw material product weight total product
intake sold sales
Export 33.71 30.11 58.90
Local 13.32 14.06 7.78
Inland 25.97 27.27 15.46
Howrah/Chennai 27.00 28.56 17.86
Total 100.00 100.00 100.00
The price range and the weighted average price per kilogram for prawn and fish
products are given in Table 4-9.
4
Table 4-9
Price range Weighted average price (Rs/kg)

Product
(Rs./kg) Retail or FOB
Prawns
Frozen 245 – 847 536.49
Fresh 106 – 334 188.00
Fish
Frozen 174 - 221 203.32
Fresh 32 - 113 67.49
Dried/Cured 107 – 113 111.00
4.10 Ownership and Management
4.10.1 Fishery Harbour
It is assumed that the Department of Fisheries (DOF), Govt. of Andhra Pradesh

(GOAP) will be responsible for:
a) the control of fishing vessels using the harbour to ensure maximum

benefit from the space available; and
b) the overall supervision and maintenance of facilities and amenities

provided at the fishery harbour.
• The DOF, GOAP, should make adequate arrangements for the

proper management and utilisation of the facilities created. Except under
emergency circumstances during
during natural calamities etc. the facilities should
not be used for any purposes other than fishing and fishery related
activities. Any use of the land reclaimed during construction, building etc.,
for purpose other than fisheries related activities should be undertaken only
in a way which is not detrimental to the interest of the fishing community.
Any income generated by way of lease rent, license fee should be deposited
in the Bank Account maintained for depositing the user charges as
mentioned in the Para
Pa three below.
• The DOF, GOAP, shall formulate a policy for management of the

harbour and will have authority to privatise the management, maintenance
and operation of the facilities created. For the management, the DOF,
GOAP, can give the function to an an autonomous body or perform the
function through a registered Society which may manage the Fishery
harbour by formulating suitable hire charges and fixed lease rent for both
the buildings and land.
land
• The revenue generated out of the lease rent, user charges

cha will be
deposited in an account to be maintained in a scheduled nationalised bank
situated in the area. The amount realised, will be used for day-to-day
day
operation, management, maintenance, expansion, repair/renovation and
modernisation of fishery harbour.
harb
• The DOF, GOAP, will provide the additional funds if needed, over
and above the user charges collected by the Society and required for
maintenance function. The Society that will manage the harbour will
include, at least one representative each from DOF, GOAP, fishermen
association, fishing vessel operators and Department of Ports. Other
officers shall, be as decided by the DOF, GOAP.
• The DOF, GOAP, will ensure the efficient operational conditions of

the fishery harbour in accordance with the hygienic
hygienic standards/specifications
in force from time to time. The Chairman or the Engineer of the DOF,
GOAP, will review the maintenance, management and operation of the
fishery harbour annually.
annually
It is further assumed that within a short time after the harbour

harbour becomes effective, a
Fisheries Terminal Organisation (FTO) would be established under the Indian
Companies Act, to ensure that the essential shore facilities and services are made
available to both fishermen and processors in the fishery harbour. The FTO would
also operate the fish auction hall, introduce fish auctioning system and ensure that
accurate statistical records of catches are maintained. In addition, FTO would also
look after the maintenance and functioning of net mending shed/gear shed and restres
shed provided for the fishermen within the fishery harbour complex.
The Fishery Administrative office would serve as a headquarters for the Harbour
Officer in charge of the port. It could also accommodate fishery personnel, who
may be assigned to the project
project to supervise or watch over progress with respect to
fishery resources, technology and economics.
The Commissioner of Fisheries, Government of Andhra Pradesh is responsible for

implementing fishery welfare schemes, registration of MFVs, issue of diesel,
ensuring smooth functioning of fishery harbour etc. Further, he may also be
entrusted to operate the fish auction hall, introduce fish auctioning system by a
separate set of staff as shown in Table 4.15 and ensure that accurate statistical
records of catches are maintained. In addition, he will also look after the
maintenance and functioning of net mending shed/gear shed and rest shed and
other facilities provided for the fishermen within the harbour complex.
complex
4.10.2 Fishing Vessels
All the 9 m, 18 m and 24 m fishing vessels are owned and operated by individual,
family or cooperative basis. The range of investment for these vessels is shown in
Table 4 -10.
Table 4-10
(Rupees)
Item 9M 18 M 24 M
Fishing vessel 2,00,000 55,00,000 80,00,000
Fishing gear 1,00,000 10,00,000 20,00,000
Total Investment 3,00,000 65,00,000 100,00,000
4.10.3 FishAuction hall, Net mending shed, Gear shed, Rest shed, Ice plant
and Coldstorage
As mentioned earlier, it is envisaged that an FTO will operate and manage the fish
auction hall, net mending shed, gear sheds, rest sheds etc. As regards the other
shore-establishments, they could also be well run by fishing boat owners' co- co
operative societies.
ties. As the range of industrial activities recommended in this report
is not sophisticated and in fact, all are currently being, or have been, undertaken
somewhere along the coastline, the suggestion is not unrealistic. The economies
from the financial pointint-of-view
view of one management are obvious. Apart from
monetary savings, single ownership gives a much better chance of ensuring that
facilities and services are programmed on a coordinated basis to meet within
season fluctuations in landings. In addition, with control over processing,
distribution etc., boat owners would achieve better profits and so avoid
exploitation by middlemen who often for very little effort or risk, reap the major
financial rewards.
4.11 Investment
4.11.1 Fixed Assets
The scale andd timing of investment (new funds) required to implement the fishery
development project outlined in this Chapter is indicated in Appendix 8.The
investment in the development of Pudimadaka ka fishery harbour is Rs.35,310
Rs.
lakhs occur mostly in Year "0" i.e., Rs. 31,779lakhs,
akhs, but an amount of Rs. 3,531
lakhs is shown in Year 1 to cover final bills, retention money etc. Since all the
boats exist,, hence, no new investments are required for fishing vessels. However
for evaluation purpose,
rpose, the fishing vessels investment has been accounted for
under year '0'.
9M 700 nos. x Rs. 3.00 lakhs = Rs. 2,100 lakhs

18 M 200 nos. x Rs. 65.00 lakhs = Rs.13,000 lakhs
24 M 30 nos. x Rs.100.00 lakhs = Rs 3,000 lakhs
Total = Rs.18,100 lakhs
Total investment (Rs.48,185 lakhs) is made up as follows:
Table 4 -11
Total investment Percentage of

Item
(Rs. in lakhs) Total investment
Fishing vessels
9M 2100 4.36
15 M 13000 26.98
24 M 3000 6.23
Sub-total 18100 37.57

Fishery harbour 35310 62.02
Shore-establishments
establishments 180 0.37
Pre-development
development expenditure 20 0.04
Total 53610 100.00
The amount of investment required each year is shown in Table 4-12. 4 As the
MFVs are already in operation, no new investment is required. Hence, the
additional investments required are for only fishery harbour, shore establishments
and pre-development
development expenditure.
Table 4 – 12
Investment in fixed assets Percentage of

Year
(Rs. in lakhs) Total investment
"0" 31,797.00 90.06
1 3,731.00 9.94
Total 35,510.00 100.00
4.11.2 Operating Capital
No additional capacities in respect of processing industries have been suggested as

the existing capacity available in Visakhapatnam district and nearby areas are
expected to absorb the prawn and fish landings for processing and export as is
being done now. Hence, no operating capital for fishing vessels or cost of interest
on operating capital for processing plants is considered for economic
economic evaluation.
evaluation
4.12 Government Revenue and Expenditure
In this report, no detailed analysis has been made to establish the amount of
revenue which will accrue to the Government from levying of income tax, sales
tax, excise duty etc. In section 4.10 of this Chapter, some observations are made
on "Ownership and Management" aspects. If the DOF, GOAP elects either in the
short or long term to run the project as a public sector enterprise, then the project's
profits will flow to COF, GOAP revenue. On the other hand, if it is the COF,
GOAP's policy to encourage fishermen and others to be responsible for project
implementation, then the COF, GOAP’s opportunity for direct revenue from the
project, apart from indirect revenue, which may flow from taxes etc., is limited to
harbour fees, rent charged for gear sheds, rent paid by the users of the fish auction
hall and fees paid by those, who may lease land, in order to build ice plants and
fish storage etc.
If the COF, GOAP decides to control the boatside sale ofof fish and prawns, then it
will be entitled to all the commission chargeable on such sales. In this report, it is
assumed that all landings of fish and prawns will be liable to commission, whether
those are sold by auction or not. If all sales take place in
in the fish auction hall, there
will be no difficulty in deducting commission. However, problems may arise, if
some quantity of fish is sold by auction and the rest by private deals. Hence, if the
COF, GOAP chooses to run an orderly auction system, with a fair sharing of all
monetary benefits, it must insist that all landings pass through the fish auction hall,
or some other checking point, so that commission can be assessed and reasonable
deductions made from payments due to boat owners.
On the basis of information contained in item 5.07 of Appendix 3, the total amount
of commission payable on boatside sales by owners of fishing vessels will be of
the order as shown in Table 4-
4 13.
Table 4-13
Item 9M 18 M 24 M Total
Commission payable by
each fishing vessel per 38,640 2,22,300 2,52,450 -
year (Rs.lakhs)
Number of fishing
700 200 30 930
vessels
Total amount payable by
270.48 444.60 75.74 790.82
fishing fleet-(Rs.lakhs)
(Rs.lakhs)
As indicated in the opening paragraph of this Section of the report, the COF,
GOAP will be entitled to collect harbour dues from vessel owners. Section 5.0 of
Appendix 3 (Vessel operating costs) includes these charges and the amount for 9
M Craft, 18 M and 24 M are respectively Rs.90,000, Rs.120,000 and Rs.120,000
per annum. The total
al collections accruing to the COF, GOAP from year 1 onwards
are shown in Table 4-14.
14. Collection of harbour dues from the fishing vessels
would amount to Rs.906 lakhs from year 1 onwards.
onwards
Table 4-14
Vessel Number of Rate Total

Item
Class Vessels (Rs.) (Rs. in lakhs)
9M 700 90000 630.00
Port Dues 18 M 200 120000 240.00
24 M 30 120000 36.00
Total Collection 930 - 906.00

The COF, GOAP will certainly wish to manage the fishery harbour. If it also
decides to run the fish auction hall, net mending shed and gear shed, either as a
Departmental or Corporate activity, a separate establishment, staff, temporary
labour etc., will have to be provided in addition to those people, whose task it
would be to carry out the functions of harbour management
management outlined in paragraphs
(a) and (b) of sub-section
section 4.10.1 of this Chapter.
The cost of harbour management and maintenance has been assessed at Rs.150.00
lakhs and Rs.597.70 lakhs respectively per year from year 1 onwards. The
"Management" expenditure covers salaries of Harbour Officer, Harbour Engineer,
Clerical assistance, Watchman, temporary labour, staff for gear shed, overheads,
excluding maintenance and depreciation. Harbour maintenance has been treated as
a separate item, and it is assumed that most, if not all of this work will be done
under contract. The rate of expenditure on maintenance is based on a percentage of
the total cost of the harbour works, fish auction hall, net mending shed/gear shed,
rest shed, etc. the rate is 2% of harbour cost i.e.,Rs.597.70 lakhs per year from year
1 onwards.
The COF, GOAP’s control of fish auction hall, net mending shed/gear and rest
shed will involve substantial expenditure with respect to salaries for a permanent
staff, wages for temporary or seasonal labour,
labour, expendable equipment, general
working expenses, etc. Table 4-15
4 15 summarises the sort of expenditure, which
might be incurred, if the COF, GOAP accepts the responsibility of conducting an
auction system. The estimates given relate to year 1 and onwards.
Table 4-15
Number of Cost from

Item
persons Year 1 onwards (Rs.)
Manager 1 12,00,000
Wharf Superintendent 1 6,00,000
Fish Auction hall Superintendent (a) 1 6,00,000
Accountant 2 6,00,000
Fish Auctioneer (b) 5 12,00,000
Fish Auctioneer’s Clerk 5 12,00,000
Cashier 5 12,00,000
Statistical Assistant 3 9,00,000
Clerk/Typist 3 9,00,000
Foreman(C) 2 6,00,000
Peon 3 6,00,000
Watchman 3 6,00,000
Sub total 34 102,00,000
Temporary Labour (d) 18,60,000
Sub total 120,60,000
Add: 10% for contingencies 12,06,000
Sub total 132,66,000

Provision for equipment(e) 10,00,000
General expenses (f) 7,34,000
Total expenditure 150,00,000
Note:
(a) In-charge
charge of delivery of fish from boat side to fish auction hall
and clearance after sales.
(b) Selling rate assumed to be 10 tonne per hour
(c) In-charge
charge of temporary labour gangs, which would be
responsible for cartage of fish and cleaning fish auction hall
after selling periods.
(d) Cost of temporary labour assessed on a basis of Rs. 30 per
tonne
nne of fish in and out of fish auction hall.
(e) Nominal sum to cover fish auction hall equipment, boxes etc
(this relates to the expenditure in Year 1).
(f) To cover office expenditure, printing, water, electricity etc.
Table 4-16 16 gives a consolidated statement of revenue and expenditure for

combined operations of harbour management and the running of the fish auction
hall, net mending shed, gear shed and rest shed. The statement also includes
provisions for maintenance of all facilities and depreciation.
depreciatio The cost of
depreciation is taken at 2% of total investment in the harbour and its associated
facilities (2% of Rs.29,885 lakhs = Rs.597.70 lakhs).
lakhs)
Table 4-16
Years 1-
Item
14
Fish auction hall
Revenue from commission 790.82
Less expenditure on Salaries, Wages, overheads 150.00
Surplus 640.82
Port management
Revenue from Port fees and rampway charges 906.00
Less expenditure on Salaries, wages, overheads 150.00
Maintenance 706.20
Deficit 49.80
Consolidated statement for fish auction hall and port
management
Surplus: Fish auction hall 640.82
Surplus: Port management 49.80
Total combined operations: Deficit 690.62
It may be seen from Table 9-16

9 16 that surplus will occur from year 1 onwards on an
annual basis on combined operations of fish auction hall and harbour management.
The cumulative deficit at the end of 14th year of the project will amount to
Rs.11,187.61 lakhs which would be about 37.44% of the fishery harbour cost.
cost
CHAPTER-5
ECONOMIC EVALUATION
5.1 Introduction
The purpose of project economic evaluation is to describe, assess the project

benefits, backed up, as far as possible, with the quantified results from the
economic analyses. This economic evaluation based on life-cycle costing aims at
identifying and valuing the costs and benefits accruing over the project life. Here,
the project life referred to its economic service life during which time the project
remained relatively maintenance-free, while maintaining an appropriate service
and safety level. The project life considered for the purpose of economic
evaluation of this project is 14 years, although economic life of fishery harbor
facilities like RCC quays and the shore based buildings under normal use and
maintenance may have life longer than 14 years.
As part of project economic evaluation, financial analyses of the costs and income
of the project are represented as financial statements (cash inflow/outflow). For
this, all the physical inputs such as civil works (buildings and infrastructure),
equipment etc., required over the project’s economic life period are phased out and
then costed on an annual basis, in present day prices. All these costs and benefits
are converted into current prices by applying discount rates. Price contingencies
for inflation are not included in cash flows (although they may form part of project
budget estimates) as the analysis is undertaken in current prices.
5.2 Economic Analysis
The first step in the preparation of economic analysis is to estimate the capital and
operating costs of the project. Estimation of the capital costs include investment to
be made in the fishery harbour facilities and associated infrastructure, timing of
the capital costs over the life of the project, renewal and replacement costs of
fishing boats, if the project’s life is extended beyond the average economical life,
machinery, equipment, shore based facilities, investment made in fishing vessels,
ice plants, fish processing plants etc.
Secondly, estimation of the annual operating costs of the project include fishing
vessel operating costs (costs of fuel, maintenance of vessel and engine, salaries for
crew, ice, commission on sale of fish landings, harbour dues, fish landing and
wharfage charges, insurance, interest & loan instalment including fishery harbour
management and maintenance, costs of fish processing, distribution and
marketing, fishery harbour management and maintenance.
Finally, estimation of income for the project is made based on the average annual
fish landings and value for each size and type of fishing vessels and the number of
fishing boats which are already in operation and the new vessels proposed to be
introduced during project development.

development. After estimating the cash inflow and
outflow of the project, annual surplus is calculated by subtracting the capital costs
and operating costs from the income year by year for the assumed economic life of
the project. During the first one or two years,
years, the profit could be negative for some
of the projects; thereafter it will be positive during the rest of the project life. The
annual surplus will be discounted to the project’s present value. The discount rate
would reflect the rate of return that one might reasonably expect to be best
alternative investment of comparable risk. Sensitivity analyses are done to allow
for risks and uncertainty inherent in the project by putting the project into several
sensitivity tests like assuming lower level of fish landings landings by about 20%
(consequently reducing the fishing vessel/project’s income), increasing the capital
investment costs by about 25% etc.
5.2.1 Economic Evaluation Methods
Several methods are available to evaluate the projects for taking investment
decisions and it may be emphasised here that these methods are only tools for
decision making. The methods most widely used to appraise and compare the
economic feasibility of investment are the Pay-back
Pay back Period method, the Average
Rate of Return method and the Discounting method. The last method is also called
Present Value method and it includes the Net Present Value (NPV), the Internal
Rate of Return (IRR) and the Benefit-Cost
Benefit Cost Ratio methods. IRR is the most useful
measure of the economic feasibility of investment
in and itt is widely used by the
international
tional banks such as ADB, World Banketc., including organisations like
FAO/UNDP.
5.2.1.1 Net Present Value Method
In order to use this method, costs have to be subtracted from the benefits (income)
on a year too year basis throughout project’s life to arrive at the net benefit or
surplus. The annual net benefits are discounted to a pre-determined
pre determined discount rate
or the interest rate on loan. The net present value can also be calculated by
separately discounting the the stream of annual cash inflow and cash outflow and
subtracting the latter from the former. The discounting will be made by the
Discounting Table. If the NPV is more than zero, the investment would be
profitable, if it is less than zero; the project would not be profitable and if it is
equal to zero then the project is at break-even.
break
5.2.1.2 Benefit Cost Ratio Method
Benefit Cost Ratio can be defined as the ratio of the total present value of the
benefits to the costs. The benefit cost ratio can be done by by two methods i) by
discounting the stream of benefits and costs separately or ii) by discounting the net
benefits which are arrived by subtracting the costs from the benefits. If the benefit
cost ratio is greater than one, then the project may be considered
considered as economically
feasible.
5.2.1.3 Internal Rate of Return Method
While applying the present value and benefit cost ratio methods, one may
encounter the problem regarding choosing the appropriate rate of discount. The
method that avoids this difficulty is the internal rate of return. The internal rate of
return on an investment is the discount rate that makes the future net cash flow
equal to zero. It represents the average earning power of the money invested in the
project over the project’s life. If the
the IRR is greater than the opportunity cost of the
capital, or the interest rate at which funds were borrowed, then the investment is
considered to be feasible. In the present project, the Financial Internal Rate of
Return (FIRR) is worked out by following the discounted cash flow method.
5.3 Assumptions of a General Nature
The average prices of fish and prawns prevailed during 2017201 have been used to
calculate the operating results of fishing vessels (Appendix 3) and to calculate unit
costs of fish processing, distribution and marketing of fish and prawn products
(Appendix 7(a). Up-to--date
date costing has also been applied to investment in fixed
assets (Appendix 8). From the point of income, boatside prices for landings
(Appendix 2), and retail or boatside prices for marketing (Appendices 7(b) and
10), in year 2017 have also been taken as the base.
The problem of ownership is not a critical

critical one from the point of the economic
analysis contained in this Chapter. In Section 4.10 of Chapter 4, certain
observations were made about ownership and management. Firm
recommendations in these matters are outside the scope of this report. Therefore,
only a framework of ownership has been suggested to give a general background
to the development proposal. An important assumption about ownership is that it
will be linked with efficient management, both at sea and onshore. The
construction of a fishery harbour
harbour will provide one of the facilities necessary for
further development. Expansion and financial success will occur only, if fishermen
and other entrepreneurs take advantage of economic opportunities, as they arise.
That they will do so, serves as one of the most general assumptions in this report.
This report is in no way, a detailed socio-economic

socio economic study of the project area.
Without a considerable amount of fieldwork, it would not be possible to plot with
any precision all of the benefits, which will flow from project implementation.
Therefore, the evaluation is mainly limited to an assessment of the direct monetary
benefits, which may accrue and omits an assessment of the indirect benefits, which
would flow from improved per caput income etc.
On the expenditure side, the evaluation excludes certain costs incurred in public
utilities, in addition to town or village social services, in training sea-going
sea
personnel and those whose task it will be to manage shore-based
shore based facilities. No
deductions have been made from costs for taxes, duties and levies imposed by
Government authorities. The inclusion of these items is in line with the

methodology of using ruling market prices. Equally, no deductions have been
made for subsidies or indirect assistance, which may may be rendered by a
Government, in order to accelerate development. Hence the evaluation is primarily
a commercial investment analysis, wherein the major costs and benefits are
identified.
As explained in Section 4.2 of Chapter 4, a period of 15 years (Year (Yea "0" plus
Years 1 to 14) has been chosen to evaluate the costs and benefits of the integrated
project covering harbour construction, vessel operations and shore-based
shore activities,
to either a retail or shipside (export) level. Of course, the fishery harbour,
harbou some of
the fishing vessels, and part of the industrial plants, will have a longer working life
than 14 years. These facilities will still be available to the local fishing industry,
after the end of 14 years. Residual investment at the end of Year 14 has h not been
taken into account when discounting benefits and cost, as it would have only a
marginal effect on the Internal Rate of Return.
5.4 Sensitivity Analysis of Vessel Operations
5.4.1 Basic Vessel Operations
Appendix 3 gives a detailed account of vessel operations under six headings,

"General Information", "Operational Schedule", "Landings per Trip and per
Season", "Fishing vessel Investment", "Vessel Operating Costs", and "Financial
Results". The information and estimates contained in Appendix 3 are based on
current activities (2016) and expectations about the future. On the basis of the
accounting shown in relevant sections of Appendix 3,, net earnings as a percentage
of capital employed are as shown in Table 5 -1.
Table 5 -1
(Percent)
Earnings Earnings
Earnings Earnings
after after
Type of before after
Depreciation Instalment
Vessel Depreciation Depreciation
and Interest Payment
9M 30.7 26.0 19.3 6.8
18 M 28.8 22.9 16.2 3.7
24 M 27.3 21.7 14.9 2.4
5.4.2 A 25% Reduction in Prawn Landings.
What would happen to net earnings, if the quantity of prawn landings were 25%
less than those forecast in Appendix 2? A reduction would lower vessel earnings
(Appendices 2 and 3) unless a fall in landings was offset by increased prices.
However, assuming constant prices (Appendix 2), a 25% reduction would alter the
quantity and value of boatside sales, as indicated in Table 5-2.
5
Table 5-2
Prawn Landings by Fishing Vessels

Type of vessel As per appendices 2 and 3 With a 25% reduction
Quantity (kg.) Value (Rs.) Quantity (kg.) Value (Rs.)
9M 1,600 2,80,000 1,200 2,10,000
18 M 9,000 24,60,000 6,750 18,45,000
The income reductions outlined in Table 5-1 5 1 change percentage returns on

investment in the following way in Table 5-3.
Table 5-3
Item 9M 18 M
Before Depreciation 23.17 19.7
After Depreciation 19.0 13.7
After Interest Payment 12.3 7.0
After Instalment Payment - 0.3 - 5.5
Prawns are very much critical for 9 M & 18 M and it may be seen it loses to the
extent of Rs. 650 and Rs.3,57,800 respectively after payment of instalment
payment.
5.4.3 A 20% Reduction in Total Landings of Fish and Prawns
The implications of an overall 20% reduction in landings

landings for both fish and prawns
are shown in Table 5-4.
Table 5-4
Item 9M 18 M 24 M
As per Appendices 2 and 3
Total landings - Quantity (kg.) 20,000 60,000 90,000
- Value (Rs.) 12,88,000 74,10,000 84,15,000
With a reduction of 20%
- Value (Rs.) 10,30,400 59,28,000 67,32,000
The foregoing reductions severely affect the financial results of all the three type
of vessels. The financial losses that these boats would incur are summarised in
Table 5-5.
Table 5-5
Item 9M 18 M 24 M
Before Depreciation 1688 438000 1092000
After Depreciation -12312 53000 532000
After Interest Payment -32562 -385750 -143000
143000
After Instalment Payment -70062 -1198250 -1393000
1393000
5.4.4 A 25% Increase in Investment in a Fishing Vessel
An increase in investment involves increases in some items of vessel operating costs.

The items affected are maintenance of vessel and engine, maintenance of fishing
gear, vessel insurance, provision for gear replacement, depreciation, and interest and
instalment
talment payment. The net earnings as a percentage of capital employed are given
in Tables 5-6.
Table 5-6
((Rupees)
Item 9m 15 m 24 m
Before depreciation 85500 1663750 2365000
After depreciation 68000 1182500 1665000
After interest payment 42688 634063 821250
After instalment payment -4188 -381563 -741250
741250
5.4.5 What quantity of landings is required to maintain a minimum of

12% return on vessel investment?
This "break-even"
even" type of analysis assumes that only enough surpluses is left, after
deducting operating costs (Item 5.15), from income (Item 3.12) to maintain a 12%
return on investment. All the three type of vessels 9 m, 18 m and 24 m could afford a
marginal reduction in landings to the extent of about 5%, 4% and 7% respectively
respe to
get a 12% return on investment after depreciation. The effects of the foregoing
reductions in terms of quantity and value of landings are shown in Table 5-7.
5
Table 5-7
Item 9m 18 m 24 m
As per Appendices 2 and 3
- Value (Rs.) 12,88,000 74,10,000 84,15,000
With a minimum
Requirement of 12% Return
on Investment
- Value (Rs.) 12,12,720 71,13,600 80,78,400
5.4.6 The Situation in a "Poor" Fishing Season
The information about catch composition and landings given in Appendix 2

represents what may be termed as "average" over a long period of time, say, the
working life of fishing vessels, described in this report. In some years, landings
would be greater than those shown and in other years, those would be less. With
regard to the day-to-day
day operations of a fishing vessel, the quantity of landings
land is
not constant, and, of course, the catch composition changes with season, in
accordance with the abundance of individual species within the total resources
being exploited. Fluctuations also occur between what is commonly referred to as
the "peak" and
nd "lean" months during a fishing season. These sorts of fluctuations
also occur over a time spread of seasons (years). Most of the analysis in this
section of the report has dealt with reduction in catches with a related commitment
that day to day operating
ng expenses would be met by boat owners and that annual
fixed costs would be paid. In a really "poor" fishing season, it may be possible to
pay only daily expenses and payment of overheads may have to be postponed to a
later time, when fishing efforts are more rewarding.
What are the quantities of landings required to meet daily operating expenses
during a really bad fishing year? In other words, at the prices shown in Appendix
2, how much fish must be sold to cover such costs as fuel, basic wages,
commission,
ion, maintenance and any other item for which, under normal
circumstances, payment cannot be deferred?
Before answering this question, it is necessary to introduce two basic assumptions.

Firstly, it is assumed that the "poor" fishing season is a local phenomenon
ph and
hence a shortage of fish and prawns is not offset by higher prices from the boat
owner's point-of-view.
view. In this connection, the relative unimportance of the "local"
market should be noted (see Section 4.9 of Chapter 4). Secondly, it is assumed that
boat-owners
owners are either unwilling to take their fishing vessels to another region or
State, where fishing activities would be more profitable.
profitable
Some of the assumptions relating to vessel operating costs, as summarised in

Section 5.0 of Appendix 3 would change to reflect "poor" fishing season. The
consequential amendments could be as follows:
For all types of Vessel

Fuel and lubricating oils 80%
Maintenance of vessel 50%
Maintenance of fishing gear 70%
Basic wages for crew 75%
Food allowances 50%
Harbour dues 100%
On the basis of the foregoing assumptions, the revised operating costs for each
type of fishing vessel would be as follows. The figures in Bold are the costs of the
basic statement shown in section 5.0 of Appendix 3.
3
9M 1170000 953120
188 M 5170000 3927300
244 M 5050000 3643695
The average boat side price per kilogram of landings of fish and prawns, as per
quantities and values shown in Appendices 2 and 3 are shown in Table 5-8.
5
Table 5-8
Item 9m 18 m 24 m
Total landings--quantity (kg) 20,000 60,000 90,000
Total landings--value (Rs.) 12,88,000 74,10,000 84,15,000
Average price per kg.(Rs.) 64.40 123.50 93.50
If the minimum operating costs of Rs.1196000, Rs.5635000 and Rs.5690000 for a

9 M, 18 M and 24 M respectively are divided by the average price per kilogram
shown in Table 5-8,
8, then the quantities of landings needed to support fishing effort
during a "poor" fishing season are as given below (the figures in brackets
bra are the
tonnages shown in Appendix 2):2)
9M - 14.80 tonnes (which is 74 % of 20 tonnes)

18 M - 31.80 tonnes (which is 53 % of 60 tonnes)
24 M - 38.97 tonnes (which is 43 % of 90 tonnes)
From the foregoing, it is obvious, that all the types of fishing vessels could
withstand substantial reductions in landings during a "poor" season. This
statement, inter-alia
alia assumes that
(a) there would not be any difficulty about late payment of

certain fixed costs and
(b) that the "poor" season is only a short-term
short term phase in the long-
l
term exploitation of local fishery resources.
5.5 Sensitivity Analysis of the Project
Appendices 1 to 10 outline in detail, a fishery development proposal for

Pudimadaka ka fishing harbour project.
project. Appendix 11 which reconciles cash
inflows and cash outflows,
lows, provides the base for calculating Financial Internal
Rate of Return (FIRR) on investment for integrated project operations. This
reconciliation and its consequent Financial Internal Rate of Return serves as the
"Basic Statement" of project objectives expressed in financial terms. The Financial

Internal Rate of Return (FIRR) on the basic statement works out to 8 - 9%.
What would be the Internal Rate of Return if annual vessel landings, as described
in this report, were overestimated by 25%? What would be the effect on total
operations if the landing of prawns fell by 25%? The answers to these questions
and others are given in Table 5-9.
5
Table 5-9
Financial Internal Rate of Return being calculated for the Integrated Project
FINANCIAL
Sl. INTERNAL
PROPOSITION
No RATE OF
RETURN
1.1 Basic statement (Appendix 11) 7-8%
Total fleet landings, hence total products
1.2 Negative %
being reduced by 20%
1.3 The value of export income being reduced by 25% Negative %
The investment cost of all fishing vessels and fishery harbour
1.4 being increased by 25% other variables constant except for 0.3 – 1 %
necessary consequential amendments
Appendix – 1
Fleet Size, Fishermen Employed and Average Annual Landings
Year
Item
1 2 - 14
Fishing Vessels Operating
9 metreMotorised Craft 700 700
18metre
metre Trawler 200 200
24 metre Trawler 30 30
Total 930 930
Fishermen Employed
9 metreMotorised Craft 2800 2800
18metre
metre Trawler 1600 1600
24 metre Trawler 300 300
Total 4700 4700
Average Annual Landings ( tonne )
9 metreMotorised Craft
Prawns
- Class 1 0 0
- Class 2 420 420
- Class 3 700 700
Sub-total 1120 1120
Fish
- Class 1 840 840
- Class 2 1680 1680
- Class 3 3360 3360
- Class 4 7000 7000
Sub-total 12880 12880
Total Fish and Prawns 14000 14000
18metre
metre Trawler
Prawns
- Class 1 480 480
- Class 2 600 600
- Class 3 720 720
Sub-total 1800 1800
Fish
- Class 1 3000 3000
- Class 2 3600 3600
- Class 3 2400 2400
- Class 4 1200 1200
Sub-total 10200 10200
Total Fish and Prawns 12000 12000
24 metre Tuna Long Liner
Tuna Fish
- Class 1 675 675
- Class 2 945 945
- Class 3 810 810
- Class 4 270 270
sub – total 2700 2700
Year
Item
1 2 - 14
Total Fish 2700 2700
Total Fleet
Prawns
- Class 1 480 480
- Class 2 1020 1020
- Class 3 1420 1420
sub – total 2920 2920
Fish
- Class 1 4515 4515
- Class 2 6225 6225
- Class 3 6570 6570
- Class 4 8470 8470
sub – total 25780 25780
Total Fish and Prawns - Qty. (tonne) 28700 28700
- Value (Rs. in lakhs) 26361 26361
Appendix - 2
Average Landings and Value per Season for a Typical

9 MetreMotorised Craft (MC), 18Metre
Metre Trawler and 24 Metre Tuna Long Liner
Boatside 9 M MC 18 M Trawler 24 M TLL

Item Price Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value
Rs. / Kg. % ( Kg. ) (Rupees) % ( Kg. ) ( Rupees ) % ( Kg. ) ( Rupees )
Prawns
Class - 1 500 0 0 0 4 2400 1200000
Class - 2 300 3 600 180000 5 3000 900000
Class - 3 100 5 1000 100000 6 3600 360000
Sub-total 8 1600 280000 15 9000 2460000
Fish
Class - 1 150 6 1200 180000 25 15000 2250000 25 22500 3375000
Class - 2 100 12 2400 240000 30 18000 1800000 35 31500 3150000
Class - 3 60 24 4800 288000 20 12000 720000 30 27000 1620000
Class - 4 30 50 10000 300000 10 6000 180000 10 9000 270000
Sub-total 92 18400 1008000 85 51000 4950000 100 90000 8415000
Total Prawns
- 100 20000 1288000 100 60000 7410000 100 90000 8415000
and Fish
Appendix – 3
General Information,
Informa Operational Schedule and Estimated Annual Financial
Statement for a Typical 9 MetreMotorised Craft (MC), 18Metre Trawler and 24 Metre Tuna Long Liner
( Monetary Values in Rupees )

Sl. Fishing Vessels
Item
No. 9 Metre OBM 18Metre 24 Metre
1.00 GENERAL INFORMATION
1.01 Length ( metre) 9.0 18.0 24.0
1.02 Beam ( metre ) 2.0 5.5 6.0
1.03 Draught ( metre ) 1.0 3.0 3.0
1.04 Engine horse power 10 120 160
1.05 Fish plus ice carrying capacity ( tonne ) 3 10 20
1.06 Number in crew 4 8 10
1.07 Fishing method mainly Multi Net Trawling / GN Tuna Long Line
2.00 OPERATIONAL SCHEDULE

2.01 Number of trips per year 90 15 15
2.02 Days per trip 2 12 12
2.03 Days at sea per year ( 2.01 x 2.02 ) 180 180 180
2.04 Days between trips 90 90 90
2.05 Length of fishing season (2.03+2.04 ) 270 270 270
3.00 LANDINGS PER TRIP AND PER SEASON

3.01 Per trip - Prawns - Landings - Kg. 18 600 0
3.02 - Value - Rs.. 3111 164000 0
3.03 - Fish - Landings - Kg. 204 3400 6000
3.04 - Value - Rs.. 11200 330000 561000
3.05 - Total - Landings - Kg. 222 4000 6000
3.06 - Value - Rs.. 14311 494000 561000
Sl. Fishing Vessels

Item
3.07 Per season - Prawns - Landings - Kg. 1600 9000 0
3.08 - Value - Rs.. 280000 2460000 0
3.09 - Fish - Landings - Kg. 18400 51000 90000
3.10 - Value - Rs.. 1008000 4950000 8415000
3.11 - Total - Landings - Kg. 20000 60000 90000
3.12 - Value - Rs.. 1288000 7410000 8415000
4.00 FISHING VESSEL INVESTMENT

4.01 Hull and Fittings 160000 4000000 5500000
4.02 Engine and Equipment 40000 1500000 2500000
4.03 Sub - total 200000 5500000 8000000
4.04 Fishing gear 100000 1000000 2000000
4.05 Total Investment 300000 6500000 10000000
5.00 FISHING VESSEL OPERATING COSTS

5.01 Fuel and lubricating oils 549000 3234000 2541000
5.02 Maintenance of vessel & engine (5% of 4.03 ) 4000 275000 400000
5.03 Maintenance of fishing gear ( 20 % of 4.04 ) 20000 200000 400000
5.04 Salaries for Crew - explined in Chapter 408600 950000 1150000
5.05 Food allowances(Rs.800, 3000, 4000/trip for 9 M, 12 M, 15-24
15 M respect.) 36000 72000 90000
5.06 Ice 0.1, 0.5, 1.5 & 3 t/trip respect for 9 M, 12 M, 15 M & 24 M 18000 90000 90000
5.07 Commission on sales - 3 % of item 3.12 38640 222300 252450
5.08 Port Dues (Rs.500, 1000, 2000 & 3000 / trip for 9 M, 12 M, 15 M & 24 M 90000 120000 120000
5.09 Sundries and overheads 5760 6700 6550
5.10 Sub - total 1170000 5170000 5050000
5.11 Vessel insurance - 3.0 % of item 4.03 6000 165000 240000
5.12 Provision for gear replacement - 20%of item 4.04 20000 200000 400000
5.13 Sub - total 1196000 5535000 5690000
5.14 Depreciation - 7 % of item 4.03 14000 385000 560000
5.15 Sub - total 1210000 5920000 6250000
Sl. Fishing Vessels

Item
5.16 Interest - on capital - 12% of item 4.05 20250 438750 675000
5.18 Sub - total 1230250 6358750 6925000
5.19 Loan instalment payment - 1/ 8 of item 4.05 37500 812500 1250000
5.20 Total operating costs 1267750 7171250 8175000
6.00 FINANCIAL RESULTS
6.01 Surplus before depreciation 92000 1875000 2725000
6.02 Surplus after depreciation 78000 1490000 2165000
6.03 Surplus after interest payment 57750 1051250 1490000
6.04 Surplus after instalment payment 20250 238750 240000
6.05 RETURN ON INVESTMENT
6.06 Before depreciation - item 6.01 as a % of 4.05 30.7 28.8 27.3
6.07 After depreciation - item 6.02 as a % of 4.05 26.0 22.9 21.7
6.08 After interest payment - item 6.03 as a % of 4.05 19.3 16.2 14.9
6.09 After instalment payment - item 6.04 as a % of 4.05 6.8 3.7 2.4
9 M FRP OBM - Kerosene 120 lit /trip @ Rs.50/lit + Petrol 2 lit/tip @ Rs.75 for 90 trips.
Fuel
18 M Trawler - Diesel 2800 lit /trip @ Rs.70/lit + 10% for oil for 15 trips.
24 M Tuna Long Liner - Diesel 2200 lit /trip @ Rs.70/lit + 10% for oil for 15 trips.
Appendix – 4
Recovery Factors and Percentages of Landings Allocated to various Products and Markets
Class of Landings Markets

Total
and Export Local Inland Howrah
Type of Products RF PLAM RF PLAM RF PLAM RF PLAM RF PLAM
Prawns
Frozen - Class 1 65 100 65 100
- Class 2 55 70 55 70
- Class 3 50 60 50 60
Fresh - Class 2 100 5 100 5 100 20 100 30
- Class 3 100 10 100 10 100 20 100 40
Fish
Frozen - Class 1 80 100 80 100
- Class 2 70 50 70 50
Fresh - Class 2 100 10 100 20 100 20 100 50
- Class 3 100 20 100 40 100 40 100 100
- Class 4 100 10 100 20 100 20 100 50
Dried/Cured-Class
Class 4 30 10 30 20 30 20 30 50
Note : RF = Recovery Factor ( Raw Material to Product Weight )
: PLAM = Percentages of Landings Allocated to Product / Market.
Appendix – 5
Allocation of Raw Material and Products Produced for Each Market Outlet
Class of Landings Markets

Total
and Export Local Inland Howrah/Chennai
Type of Products RM PW RM PW RM PW RM PW RM PW
Prawns
Frozen - Class 1 480 312 480 312
- Class 2 714 393 714 393
- Class 3 852 426 852 426
Fresh - Class 2 51 51 51 51 204 204 306 306
- Class 3 142 142 142 142 284 284 568 568
Fish
Frozen - Class 1 4515 3612 4515 3612
- Class 2 3113 2179 3113 2179
Fresh - Class 2 623 623 1245 1245 1245 1245 3113 3113
- Class 3 1314 1314 2628 2628 2628 2628 6570 6570
- Class 4 847 847 1694 1694 1694 1694 4235 4235
Dried/Cured-Class 4 847 254 1694 508 1694 508 4235 1271
Total for all Markets 9674 6921 3824 3231 7454 6268 7749 6563 28700 22983
Note : RM = Raw Material
: PW = Product Weight
Appendix – 6
Estimates of Capacities of Shore – establishments

(Tonne)
Demand for Facility Assumptions Regarding Requirements Year 1-14
Ice making capacity
Fishing fleet - 9 metre 100 kg /trip x 90 x 700 vessels 6300
- 18metre 3000 kg /trip x 15 x 200 vessels 9000
- 24 metre 3000 kg /trip x 15 x 30 vessels 1350
16650
Fish and Prawns for overnight Ratio 1:1 for 20% of all fresh
storage prior to transportation sales of fish and prawns 2958
Distribution
Prawns - fresh - Local Ratio 0.2 : 1 for all sales 39
- Inland Ratio 1 : 1 for all sales 193
- Chennai Ratio 1 : 1 for all sales 488
Fish - fresh - Local Ratio 0.2 : 1 for all sales 557

- Inland Ratio 1 : 1 for all sales 5567
- Howrah Ratio 1 : 1 for all sales 5567
- Total Sub - total 12410
Total annual demand summarised
Fishing fleet 16650
Overnight storage 2958
Distribution 12410
Total Total 32019
Calculation of capacity required
Total demand brought forward 32019
Peak monthly demand 15% of annual demand 4803
Daily requirement Divide peak monthly demand by
30 (days) and rounded 160
Ice and fish storage - Capacity needed 320
Multiply daily ice making capacity by two
Fish curing / drying yard

Raw material - Fish - Class - 4 4235
Peak monthly demand 15% of Raw material 635
Daily requirement Divide peak monthly demand by 20
30 (days) and rounded
Multiply daily requirements by recovery 70
factor33.33
33.33 % and multiply by 10 and
rounded
Note:: Existing capacity of ice plants at in and around Nellore district
district and in and around areas and
the fish merchants themselves bring ice from elsewhere in their vehicles are sufficient.Additional
capacity of 10 t. with 20 t. storage is only recommended.
Appendix 7 (a)
Cost of Production, Distribution and Marketing per Tonne ofFish and Prawn Products for any Year 1 – 14
(Amount in Rupees )
Drying Processing Ice Transport Marketing Sub - total

Market - Product and / or and / or and / or to Market Expenses of costs
Sorting Freezing & Storage or Shipside NEI
Packing
EXPORT MARKET
Prawns - Frozen - Class 1 500 30000 6000 1000 - 37500
- Class 2 500 30000 6000 1000 - 37500
- Class 3 500 30000 6000 1000 - 37500
Fish - Frozen - Class 1 500 20000 6000 1000 - 27500
- Class 2 500 20000 6000 1000 - 27500
LOCAL MARKET
Prawns - Fresh - Class 2 400 - 300 - 300 1000
- Class 3 400 - 300 - 300 1000
Fish - Fresh - Class 2 300 - 300 - 300 900
- Class 3 300 - 300 - 300 900
- Class 4 300 - 300 - 300 900
Dried/Cured - Class 4 1200 - - - 300 1500
INLAND MARKETS
Prawns - Fresh - Class 2 400 500 900 1200 500 3500
- Class 3 400 500 900 1200 500 3500
Fish - Fresh - Class 2 300 500 900 1200 500 3400
- Class 3 300 500 900 1200 500 3400
- Class 4 300 500 900 1200 500 3400
Dried/Cured - Class 4 1200 200 300 1000 300 3000
HOWRAH / CHENNAI MARKET
Prawns - Fresh - Class 2 400 500 600 1200 500 3200
Drying Processing Ice Transport Marketing Sub - total

Market - Product and / or and / or and / or to Market Expenses of costs
Sorting Freezing & Storage or Shipside NEI
Packing
- Class 3 400 500 600 1200 500 3200
Fish - Fresh - Class 2 300 500 600 1200 500 3100
- Class 3 300 500 600 1200 500 3100
- Class 4 300 500 600 1200 500 3100
Dried/Cured - Class 4 1200 200 300 1000 300 3000
Appendix – 7 (b)
Retail or F.O.B Prices per Tonne of Product Weight
(Amount in Rupees )
Sub-total Cost of Total Product
Market - Product of costs Raw- costs Price Surplus
App - 7(a) Material
EXPORT MARKET
Prawns - Frozen - Class 1 37500 769231 806731 847000 40269
- Class 2 37500 545455 582955 606000 23045
- Class 3 37500 200000 237500 245000 7500
Fish - Frozen - Class 1 27500 187500 215000 221000 6000
- Class 2 27500 142857 170357 174000 3643
LOCAL MARKET
Prawns - Fresh - Class 2 1000 300000 301000 316000 15000
- Class 3 1000 100000 101000 106000 5000
Fish - Fresh - Class 2 900 100000 100900 106000 5100
- Class 3 900 60000 60900 64000 3100
- Class 4 900 30000 30900 32000 1100
Dried/Cured - Class 4 1500 100000 101500 107000 5500
INLAND MARKETS
- Class 3 3500 100000 103500 112000 8500
Fish - Fresh - Class 2 3400 100000 103400 112000 8600
- Class 3 3400 60000 63400 68000 4600
- Class 4 3400 30000 33400 36000 2600
- Class 3 3200 100000 103200 114000 10800
Fish - Fresh - Class 2 3100 100000 103100 113000 9900
- Class 3 3100 60000 63100 69000 5900
- Class 4 3100 30000 33100 36000 2900
Appendix – 7 (c)
Consolidated Statement of Cost of Production, Distribution and Marketing ofFish and Prawn Products - For any Year 1 – 14
( Rs.' 000)
Product Drying Processing Ice Transport Marketing Total

Weight and / or and / or and / or to Market Expenses costs
Market – Product
(tonne) sorting Freezing & Storage or Shipside NEI
Packing
EXPORT MARKET
Prawns - Frozen - Class 1 312 156 9360 1872 312 0 11700
- Class 2 393 196 11781 2356 393 0 14726
- Class 3 426 213 12780 2556 426 0 15975
Fish - Frozen - Class 1 3612 1806 72240 21672 3612 0 99330
- Class 2 2179 1089 43575 13073 2179 0 59916
LOCAL MARKET
Prawns - Fresh - Class 2 51 20 0 15 0 15 51
- Class 3 142 57 0 43 0 43 142
Fish - Fresh - Class 2 623 187 0 187 0 187 560
- Class 3 1314 394 0 394 0 394 1183
- Class 4 847 254 0 254 0 254 762
Dried/Cured - Class 4 254 305 0 0 0 76 381
INLAND MARKETS
- Class 3 142 57 71 128 170 71 497
Fish - Fresh - Class 2 1245 374 623 1121 1494 623 4233
- Class 3 2628 788 1314 2365 3154 1314 8935
- Class 4 1694 508 847 1525 2033 847 5760
Product Drying Processing Ice Transport Marketing Total

Weight and / or and / or and / or to Market Expenses costs
Market – Product
(tonne) sorting Freezing & Storage or Shipside NEI
Packing
- Class 3 284 114 142 170 341 142 909
Fish - Fresh - Class 2 1245 374 623 747 1494 623 3860
- Class 3 2628 788 1314 1577 3154 1314 8147
- Class 4 1694 508 847 1016 2033 846 5250
TOTAL FOR ALL MARKETS 22983 9510 155847 51544 22116 7180 246196
TECHNO
TECHNO-ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY REPORT - Pudimadaka Fishing Harbour
Appendix – 8
Cash outflow Statement - New Investment
(Amount - Rs. in lakhs )

Year
Item Total
"0" 1
Fishing vessels (already invested)
9 metreMotorised Craft 2100.00 2100.00
18metre Trawler 13000.00 13000.00
24 metre TLL 3000.00 3000.00
Total 18100.00 - 18100.00
Fishery Harbour
Fishery harbour - New Investment 31779.00 3531.00 35310.00
Shore - Establishments 180.00 180.00
Pre Development Expenditure 20.00 20.00
Total Investment 50079.00 3531.00 53610.00
Appendix – 9
Cash outflow Statement

Operating Costs for Integrated project Operations
(Amount - Rs. in lakhs )
Year
Item
1 2 – 14
Fishing vessels
9 metreMotorised Craft 8372.00 8372.00
18metre Trawler 11070.00 11070.00
24 metre TLL 1707.00 1707.00
Total 21149.00 21149.00
Processing, Distribution and Marketing
Drying and/or sorting 95.10 95.10
Processing and/or freezing and packing 1558.47 1558.47
Ice and/or storage 515.44 515.44
Transport to market or ship side 221.16 221.16
Marketing expenses not elsewhere included 71.80 71.80
Total 2461.96 2461.96
Harbour Management and Maintenance
Harbour Management 150.00 150.00
Harbour maintenance 706.20 706.20
Total 856.20 856.20
Total operating costs summarised
Fishing vessels 21149.00 21149.00
Processing, Distribution and Marketing 2461.96 2461.96
Harbour management and maintenance 856.20 856.20
Total 24467.16 24467.16
Appendix – 10
Cash Inflow Statement

Income from Sale of Fish and Crustacean Products
(Amount - Rs. in lakhs)

Product price Product Year
Market – Product Rupees Weight
1 2 – 14
Per tonne (Qty - tonne)
EXPORT MARKET
Prawns - Frozen - Class 1 871000 312 2717.52 2717.52
- Class 2 624000 393 2450.45 2450.45
- Class 3 252000 426 1073.52 1073.52
Fish - Frozen - Class 1 226000 3612 8163.12 8163.12
- Class 2 179000 2179 3899.96 3899.96
LOCAL MARKET
Prawns - Fresh - Class 2 316000 51 161.16 161.16
- Class 3 106000 142 150.52 150.52
Fish - Fresh - Class 2 106000 623 659.85 659.85
- Class 3 64000 1314 840.96 840.96
- Class 4 32000 847 271.04 271.04
Dried/Cured - Class 4 107000 254 271.89 271.89
INLAND MARKETS
- Class 3 112000 142 159.04 159.04
Fish - Fresh - Class 2 112000 1245 1394.40 1394.40
- Class 3 68000 2628 1787.04 1787.04
- Class 4 36000 1694 609.84 609.84
- Class 3 114000 284 323.76 323.76
Fish - Fresh - Class 2 113000 1245 1406.85 1406.85
- Class 3 69000 2628 1813.32 1813.32
- Class 4 36000 1694 609.84 609.84
TOTAL FOR ALL MARKETS - 22983 30751.09 30751.09
Appendix – 11
Reconciliation of Cash Inflow and Cash Outflow Statements

(Rs. in Lakhs)
Year
Item
Reference "0" 1 2 – 14
Cash inflow
Income from sale of fish and prawn products App - 10 30751.09 30751.09
Less
Cash outflow
Investment in new fixed assets App - 8 50079.00 3531.00 -
Operating costs ( Fishing fleet +
Harbour Management and Maintenance) App - 9 - 24467.16 24467.16
Balance to be discounted for the
- -50079.00 2752.93 6283.93
calculation of Internal Rate of Return
Note : The above statement represents the " Basic statement " for the purpose of financial
evaluation
The Financial Internal Rate of Return (FIRR) on this statement works out to 7- 8%
Appendix - 11 A
(1) A 20% reduction in total landings

(Rs. in Lakhs )
Year
Item
Cash inflow
Less
Cash outflow
Investment in new fixed assets App - 8 50079.00 3531.00 -
Harbour Management and Maintenance)
App - 9 - 22698.75 22698.75
- -50079.00 -1628.88 1902.12
Note : The Internal Rate of Return ( IRR ) on this statement

statement works out to Negative
Appendix - 11 B
(2) A 25% reduction in export income

(Rs. in Lakhs )
Year
Item
Cash inflow
Less
Cash outflow
Investment in new fixed assets App – 8 50079.00 3531.00 -
Harbour Management and Maintenance) App – 9 - 24467.16 24467.16
- -50079.00 -1706.98 1824.02
Note : The Internal Rate of Return ( IRR ) on this statement works out to Negative %
Appendix - 11 C
(3) A 25% increase in Investment

(Rs. in Lakhs )
Year
Item
Cash inflow
Less
Cash outflow
Investment in new fixed assets App – 8 62598.75 4413.75 -
Harbour Management and Maintenance) App – 9 - 25872.70 25872.70
- -62598.75 464.64 4878.39
Note : The Internal Rate of Return ( IRR ) on this statement works out to 0.3 – 1 %
CHAPTER-6
ENGINEERING INVESTIGATIONS
6.1 Introduction
The site for the proposed fishery harbour at Pudimadaka is located at

Atchutapuram Mandal in Narsipatnam division at Visakhapatnam district.
Atchutapatnam is 35 km away from Visakhapatnam. Detailed engineering
investigations covering topographic/ hydrographic surveys and sub soil
investigation at the project site were carried out from 27th August 2017 to 16th
September 2017 and 14th April 2018 to 24th April 2018 respectively.The model
studies are conducted by CWPRS, Pune.
6.2 Location of site
The Pudimadaka fishery harbour project site corresponds to Latitude 17o 29’ 32”
North and Longitude 83o 00’12” East and is situated in Atchutapuram mandal of
Visakhapatnam district. The nearest railway station to Pudimadaka is Anakapalli
at a distance of 20 km. Visakhapatnam is about 45 km and Atchutapuram is the
nearest town about 8 km from site. Location of Pudimadaka Fishing Harbour is
shown in satellite imagery at Photo 1.
The basic infrastructure facilities like road, electricity, water supply, post and
telegraph, telecommunication, hospital, banks etc., are available at Atchutapuram
town, which is also the Head Quarters of Atchutapuram mandal. The Location and
approaches to the project site are shown in Drg. No.AP- PUDI /01.
Photo 1: Satellite imagery showing Pudimadaka Fishery Harbour site

6.3 Datum
All levels refer to a chart datum which is +14.810 m below the GTS benchmark
engraved on pavement of N Veranda of W projection, just below the marble-stone
marble
bearing the inscription at Taluk Office, Elamanchili. The location details of the
GTS Bench Mark are given below:
Geographical UTM RL w.r.t. RL w.r.t. MSL

Latitude N Longitude E X (m) Y (m) CD (m) (m)
17°32'46" 82°51'20" 696972.19 1940943.75 (+)14.810 (+)14.010
In addition to GTS bench mark, two additional bench mark has been established in
the site and the descriptions are given below:
Bench Description Geographic UTM (Zone 44)

4 R.L R.L
Mark
Lat. (N) Long. (E) X (m) Y (m) CD (m) MSL (m)
Bench Mark Establish on

TBM top of Concrete Pillar
Located at Pudimadaka 17°29'17.70" 83°00'11.47" 712701.70 1934686.73 (+)9.454 (+)8.654
Lighthouse, Eastern-side
side
of compound Wall.
TBM 1 Bench Mark established

on top of concrete pillar
located on seafront 17°29'10.28" 83°00'10.97" 712689.24 1934479.92 (+)7.721 (+)6.921
about 220m south from
Lighthouse building.
6.4 Grid
The survey drawing is positioned in Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) co-

co
o
ordinate grid system with respect to WGS 84 datum and UTM Zone 44P (78 E –
84oE).
6.5 Topographic & Hydrographic survey
Detailed engineering investigation covering topographic and hydrographic surveys

were carried out for the proposed fishery harbour at Pudimadaka from 27th August
2017 to 16th September 2017.
2017. The topographic features of the land area were
surveyed and the contours
ontours were plotted on the topographic map after reducing the
levels to chart datum to represent the topographic features of the land area. The
topographic features of the area were surveyed using Digital Global Positioning
System (DGPS), total station, levelling
l instrument and staves. The average ground
level at the proposed site is observed as +2.00
+ m. The coastline is curved and silty
with large stretches of coconut groves and rock formations. The topographic
features are shown in Drg. No.AP-
No. PUDI /02.
Similarly, the horizontal position and depth contour of the sea bed were measured
usingDigital
Digital Global Positioning System and echo sounder mounted on fishing boat
(FRP). The vessel used for survey was equipped with SAAB, Dual Frequency
beacon Receiver for Precise Dynamic Positioning to give the real time position.
The DGPS system was setup to operate on UTM North Grid, Zone 44, WGS-1984
WGS
ellipsoid coordinate.
From the hydro graphic survey, it is seen that the water depths are increasing
towards seaward at a slope of 1:60
1: till the depth of about (-) 10m m CD. Thereafter,
the seabed has gentle slope of 1:125
1: till end of the survey limit. The contours are
mainly running parallel to the
t coast. The maximum level of (-)) 19 1 m CD appears
in the SW part of offshore survey area at a distance of about 1.9
1. km from the LTL.
The detailed procedure adopted for bathymetry/hydrographic and topographic
surveys are given below and the results of the hydrographic survey conducted are
reproduced on Drg.No.AP
AP- PUDI /02.
6.6 Tide Levels
The following are the standard tide levels as mentioned in Admiralty Chart No.
354 of 1971 published by the Naval Hydrographic Office for Visakhapatnam
region also applicable to the fishery harbour site:
MHWS = + 1.50 m
MHWN = + 1.10 m
MSL = + 0.80 m
MLWN = + 0.50 m
MLWS = + 0.10 m
HAT = + 2.00 m
The above tide levels are with reference to the chart datum. As could be seen from
the above tide levels, the tidal variation during neap tides is of the order of 0.60
0. m
while the same during spring tides is 1.40
1. 0 m. The tides are of mixed type generally
exhibiting semi-diurnal
diurnal nature with large diurnal inequalities meaning different
levels between successive high and low waters. Furthermore, the extreme water
level considering a storm surge of 0.50m
0. occurs at the high-water
water level of +2.00m.
+
6.7 Tide Measurement
The tide measurement was carried out using Vale Port Tide Master ATG between
01.01.2018 and 15.01.201
.2018.. The measurement location of ATG is shown in Fig. 1.
The details of tide measurements are given below.
Location (WGS 84) Duration

Geographical UTM – Zone 44
Tide (Stn.T1) From To
Latitude, N Longitude, E X (m) Y (m)
17°28'28.42" 83°00' 29.45" 713248.00 1933177.09 01.01.2018 15.01.2018
6.8 Current Measurement
The current measurements were carried out using Vale Port Directional Current
Meter, Model 106 at two location i.e. Stn. C1 and Stn. C2 between 01.01.2018
and 31.01.2018.. The current speed and directions were recorded at inside the
current meter automatically at 10 minutes interval.The
The locations of current
measurements are shown in Fig. 1.. The Geographical locations of current
measurements are:

Location Geographic UTM-Zone 44
Latitude, N Longitude, E X (m) Y (m) From To
Stn.C1 17°28'28.42" 83°00' 29.45" 713248.00 1933177.09 01.01.2018 15.01.2018
Stn.C2 17°28'08.54" 82°59'49.08" 712063.20 1932553.36 16.01.2018 31.01.2018
The current speed and direction measured in at Stn. C1 is shown in Fig. 5. The
current speed varied between 0 m/s and 0.42 m/s. The current direction scattered
randomly at various direction. The distribution of current speed and directions are
presented as polar chart in Fig. 6.
The current speed and direction measured at Stn. C2 is shown in Fig. 7. The current
speed varied between 0 m/s and 0.42 m/s. The current direction scattered randomly at
various direction. The distribution of current speed and
and directions are presented as
polar chart in Fig. 8.
6.9 Wind climate
Wind speed is always greater over the sea than over the land. In the winter season
(Northeast monsoon) i.e., from November to February,, wind blows from
northwest, north, south and southeast directions in the morning time and from
northeast, east and south in the evening times. The wind will have average force of
4 rising up to 7 (28 to 33knots) occasionally.. They progressively decrease in
February and March. In the hot weather months,
months, wind blows in the same direction
as in march and may reach a force up to2 to 4.. Winds in the southwest monsoon
months are very strong predominantly in west, southwest and northwest directions.
From June to August winds are fairly constant. 75 percent of all winds are from
between southwest and west, the average strength being 4 to 5 in this season.
During the transition period winds are of land origin blowing with a force
fo of 2 to 4
in north and northeast direction.
Most prominent wind direction is SW during southwest monsoon period and NE

during northeast monsoons. During SW monsoon, wind blows predominantly from
South to West (duringJune to September). Wind gradually shifts towards north
with reduced intensity and graduallyincreases towards east indicating onset of
north east monsoons. Pudimadaka coast has experienced cyclones occurred in the
Bay of Bengal
6.10 Wave climate
Based on the ship

ip observed data for 19 years
ye (1968-1986)
1986) published through
Indian Daily Weather Report by India Meteorological Department, Pune, the wave
characteristics during May and June for latitude 150 to 200 N, longitude 800 to
850E covering the study region shows that the wave heights range
ra between 1.0
and 2.5 m and the wave periods predominantly vary between 5 and 9 secs.
Based on data collected by National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, the

significant waveheights are reported to be ranging between 0.3-2.3 m and mean
significant wave height for a100-year
a100 year return period is 3.0 m. Predominant average
wave period is 8-10 10 seconds.
seconds. Extremewave conditions prevail under severe
tropical cyclones during north east monsoon period.Waves at the site are primarily
generated by the seasonal monsoon winds and by cyclones
South Easterly & North Easterly waves are the predominantly occurring
occurr wave
directionsduring April – October & November to February respectively and
maximum wave heights occur in these directions. Normal wave heights are 0.0 to
3.0 m in these directions. Extremewave conditions prevail under severe tropical
cyclones during north east monsoon period.Mean significant wave height in deep
water during non-severe
severe cyclones is 3.0 m and theExtreme wave height in deep
water is 8.2 m for a 100--year return period.
6.11 Tropical
ropical depressions/Cyclones
A study of the storm/cyclone trackstracks published by the India Meteorological

Department for the period 1877 to 1992 infers that the east coast is more prone to
storms and cyclones than the west coast. On an average, for every one storm
occurred on the west coast, there are 6 storms occurred on the east coast according
to previous statistics. Out of the storms that develop in the Bay of Bengal, over
58% approach and cross the east coast in October and November. Only 25% of the
storms that develop over the Arabian Sea approach the west coast. In I the pre-
monsoon season corresponding figures are 30% and 25% respectively.
Further, it is observed that the maximum number of cyclones and depressions

occur during the month of October and November. From the records, a total of 885
storms have occurred on the east coast in the 115 years period, while on the west
coast the number is 148 only. This region is prone to frequent severe cyclonic
storms, which originate in the Bay of Bengal as low pressure zones.
6.12 Visibility
Visibility is normally good over Bay of Bengal. Visibility will be reduced during
heavy rain. During torrential rain it will be very poor and hinders navigation or
other related activities. The average frequency of fog is less than 2% over the
whole area.
6.13 Demarcation of High Tide Line and Low Tide Line
CRZ demarcation for coastal stretches of the sea, bays, rivers and backwaters
which are influenced by tidal action are mandatary as per Government of India,
Ministry of Environment and Forests. HTL and LTL mapping should be carried
out following the guidelines
guidelines issued by Ministry of Environment and Forest,
Government of India. Ministry of Environment and Forests, Govt. of India has
authorised seven below mentioned agencies vide Lr. No. J17011/8/92-1A
J17011/8/92 III,
dated 10.05.1999 to carry out demarcation of High Tide
Tide Line, Low Tide Lineand
delineation of CRZ boundaries:
1. Space Application Centre, Ahmedabad
2. Centre for Earth Science Studies, Thiruvananthapuram
3. Institute for Remote Sensing, Anna University, Chennai
4. Institute for Wetland Management and Ecological
Ecological Designs, Calcutta
5. Naval Hydrographer's Office, Dehradun
6. National Institute of Oceanography, Panjim, Goa
7. National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT), Chennai
8. National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management (NCSCM),
Chennai
CRZ study
udy was awarded to Institute for Remote Sensing, Anna University,
Chennai; is a premiere oceanographic research institute. This Institute has the
necessary expertise supported by equipment and infrastructural facilities to carry
out the above studies.
Keeping
ping in view the requirement of Coastal Regulation Zone legislation, Institute
for Remote Sensing, Anna University, Chennai - one of the authorized agencies of
the MoEF - has carried out the CRZ survey for necessary demarcation and
classification of the coastal
astal regulation zone. The details of these investigations and
the CRZ maps are appended in this report as Annexure A.
6.14 Subsoil investigations

nvestigations
Subsoil investigation of the underground conditions at a site is prerequisite to the

economical design of the substructure elements. Subsoil investigation was planned
to obtain the subsoil stratification in the project area and collect soil and rock
samples for laboratory testing to determine the engineering properties such as
shear strength, density,specific gravity, void ratio, sulphate content, grain size
analysis, Atterberg’s limit etc.
Following required subsoil investigations at the specified locations were carried

out the from 14thApril to 24thApril 2018.
1) Conduction of Standard Penetration Test (SPT)(SPT) at the bore hole locations

for a soil depth up to 20m or hard strata having N value greater than 100,
Collection of disturbed and undisturbed soil samples logging visually identifiable
lithological and engineering characteristics of the soil samples.
2) Conduction of laboratory tests on soil samples to determine the soil

classification index and engineering properties and chemical tests on water
samples.
Field investigation was carried out covering the proposed alignment of the training
walls, quay and reclamation area of the fisheries harbour. 4 boreholes were drilled
by wash boring method,
method, two in the alignment of training walls, one in the
alignment of quay and other in the reclamation area.
area. Penetration testing is used in
conjunction with thesee method and disturbed samples are recovered in the split
spoon. Penetration counts are taken at 1 to 1.5m increments of depth. Thus all 2
exploratory boreholes were drilled, the locations of which are shown in Drg. No.
AP-PUDI/05.
The list of the geotechnical

nical boreholes carried out at locations of various proposed
structures is presented in Table-1.
Table
Sl.No.
.No. ProposedStructure FieldTest
1 Northern Breakwater BH-1
2 Reclamation area BH-2
3 Reclamation area BH-3
4 Southern Breakwater BH-4
Table 1: Details of Field Test Locations w.r.t. Proposed Structures
6.14.1 Boring in Soil
Boring was done in accordance with IS: 1892 -1979. Four soil investigation bores
of 150 mm diameter upto a depth of 30 metres were proposed and drilled within
the proposed structure locations. The boring was done using combination of shell
and auger methods with casing pipe to depending upon the type of strata met with
in the bore hole location using hand boring machine. Bore holes of 150 mm
diameter with casing pipe were drilled
drilled to facilitate collection of Undisturbed and
Disturbed soil samples and to conduct Standard Penetration Tests
6.14.2 Standard Penetration Tests (SPT)
SPT’s were carried out using a split spoon sampler complete with a drive shoe and
drive head fitted with a non-return
non return valve. The basis of the test consists of dropping
a hammer of mass 63.5 kg (623N) on to a drive head from a height of 750 mm (as
specified in I.S. Code of Practice). An auto trip hammer capable of dropping the
weight freely on the anvil over a fixed height of 750mm was used to assure the
quality of the test. The number of such blows (SPT “N”) necessary to achieve a
penetration of the split spoon sampler of 300mm (after its penetration under
gravity and below the seating drive) is regarded
regarded as the penetration resistance. The
blow counts for each 150 mm penetration were recorded. Small disturbed samples
were obtained from the split spoon sampler after completion of the tests.
Standard Penetration Tests (SPT) were conducted at 1.50 meter intervals within
each bore. These tests were conducted as per IS:2131-1981.
IS:2131 1981. Number of disturbed
but representative soil samples were collected from the auger cuttings sand bailers
for identification and for conducting laboratory tests. Undisturbed soil samples
s are
collected in clayey soils. The bore holes were advanced upto a depth of 30.45
metres below the existing ground level. A Strata is considered to be hard, when the
standard penetration test value, N i.e. the number of blows required for 300 mm
penetration
etration of the SPT spoon beyond a seating penetration of 150 mm in the strata
is more than 50 (Clause 3.3.3 of IS:3132-1981).
IS:3132 The field data obtained from
exploratory boreholes was studied and bore logs were prepared. These bore logs
are presented as Annexure
xure I toIV along with SPT values.
As the boreholes were advanced, hard stratum was encountered at depths ranging
from 9 m to 20 m.
6.14.3 Sampling
Qualitative information regarding soil identification and classification can be

obtained from the disturbed soil samples.
6.14.4 Laboratory Testing
Selected soil samples, collected during boring/drilling of boreholes were subjected

to laboratory tests to determine the index and engineering characteristics as
specified. The samples to be tested, type and number of laboratory tests to be
carried out were decided so as to derive the maximum relevant information.
Undisturbed and disturbed
isturbed samples were collected from the boreholes. The soil
samples were visually identified and described in accordance with relevant IS
codes and thereafter packed, labelled, sealed and dispatched to the laboratory. The
classification, index property, NMC, specific gravity, density and chemical tests
were carried out on the soil samplesat Geotechnical Laboratory: Civil Engineering
Enginee
Department, V.R. Siddhartha Engineering College Vijayawada.
Vijayawada. The summaries of
the laboratory test results are presented in Table 1 to 8.
6.14.5 Collection of Bed Samples & Testing
Seabed sampling was undertaken at three different locations to directly sample the
seabed sediments and the disturbed
d soil samples collected are sent to Civil
Engineering Department of V.R.Siddhartha Engineering College, Vijayawada to
conduct necessary soil testing such as grain size distribution and other related soil
properties in connection with construction of Fishery Harbour & Break water.The
water
summary of the laboratory test results is presented on Annexure V.
V
6.14.6 Collection of Water Samples & Testing
Water samples are collected at three different locations to know the Suspended
sediment concentration in water and the jar containing the water samples are
clearly marked and sent to Civil Engineering Department of V.R.Siddhartha

Engineering College, Vijayawada
Vijay to conduct necessary tests.The
.The summary of the
laboratory test results is presented below:
Sl. Sample Location Depth of Test Result
No. Sample
1 Pudimadaka, Atchuthapuram Mandal, VSP Dist. 1 Mts. 530 mg/l
2 5 Mts. 390 mg/l
3 8 Mts. 650 mg/l
6.14.7 Conclusion
The soil Profile consists of three layers of varying thickness.

thickness. The top two layers
consists of silty sand and silty clay, there after it is soft disintegrated rock.
From the results of the subsoil investigations and from the point of view economic
cost, deck slab supported on RC Bored Piledstructure is considered to be the most
suited type of structure for the proposed quay as the hard surface is available
below RL -8.00 m.. For shore based infrastructure facilities, isolated
footing/combined footing is proposed most of the structure except for some heavy
structures, for which bored pile foundation is proposed.
proposed
Fig 1:: Location Map of the Current measurement locations

Fig 2: Variation of Current Speed and Direction at Station C1 (Open sea, Pudimadaka)
Fig 3:: Variation of Current Speed and Direction at Station C2

C (Open sea, Pudimadaka)
Fig 4. Distribution of Current Speed and Direction at Stn. C1 (Open

(Open Sea)
Sea - Pudimadaka
Fig 5.. Distribution of Current Speed and Direction at Stn. C2 (Open Sea) - Pudimadaka
Fig 6: Variation of Measured Tides -Pudimadaka

Annexure I
Standard Penetration Test (SPT) – Boring Log
Annexure II
Annexure III
Annexure IV
TABLE: 1 Idealized Design Soil Parameters
Project: Construction of Breakwater, Diaphragm wall, Piled Jetty etc& Other Shore Based Facilities to Pudimadaka Fishery Harbour
in Visakhapatnam District – M/S WAPCOS Ltd, New Delhi
Location: Pudimadaka Fishery Harbour – Pudimadaka

Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh Bore Hole No.: 1
Reduced level of the Bore hole = Depth of Water level: 0.70 m
Depth below Natural Dry Un confined Shear Parameters

Recorded Safe bearing
the existing I.S. Soil Moisture Unit Compressive
Visual Identification of soil SPT value Cohesion C  Capacity
ground level Classification Content Weight Strength
(N) [KN/m2] (deg) [KN/m2]
(metres) (%) [KN/m3] [KN/m2]
Brownish silty fine to medium
0.00 – 3.00 SM - SP 18 16.40 15 - 0 36 225
sand
3.00 – 5.00 Brownish fine to medium sand SP 19 16.50 21 - 0 38 250
5.00 – 7.00 Blackish brown plastic silty clay MH - CH 44 12.80 UDS 68 34 0 70
12.70
7.00– 14.00 Blackish brown plastic silty clay MH - CH 52, 54 7, 6, 7 70,60,70 35, 30, 35 0 75
12.60
14.00– 16.70 Blackish brown plastic silty clay MH - CH 50, 53 13.00 9, 8 90, 80 45, 40 0 90 - 80
Yellowish brown soft
16.70– 20.00 disintegrated rock fragments SDR 10 20.00 50 - 0 40 350
20.00-24.00 disintegrated rock fragments SDR 5 21.00 >50 - 0 45 400
24.00-28.00 disintegrated rock SDR/SR 5 21.50 >100 - 0 45 450

28.00-30.00 disintegrated rock fragments SR 4 22.00 >100 - 0 45 450
TABLE No: 2 Results of Laboratory Soil Testing
Unconfined compressive Strength
Differential Free swell Index(%)

Natural Moisture Content (%)
Dry unit Weight, d [KN.M3]
Recorded SPT Value, (N)

Medium Sand Size (%)
Coarse Sand size (%)
Visual Identification of
I.S. Soil Classification
Slit and clay size (%)

Depth below GL (m)
Fine Sand size (%)

Plastic Limit (%)
Type of Sample
Gravel Size (%)

Liquid Limit (%)
Plasticity Index
qu [KN.M2]
Soil
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17)
Brownish silty fine to medium
2.00 – 2.45 SPT SM - SP 16.40 18 NP NP NP 0 0 57 39 4 15
sand
4.00 – 4.45 SPT Brownish fine to medium sand SP 16.50 19 NP NP NP 0 0 55 45 0 21
6.00 – 6.45 UDS Blackish brown plastic silty clay MH-CH

MH 68 12.80 44 81 32 49 0 0 0 2 98 90
8.00 – 8.45 SPT Blackish brown plastic silty clay MH-CH

MH 70 12.70 52 7
10.00– 10.45 SPT Blackish brown plastic silty clay MH-CH

MH 60 12.60 54 0 0 0 2 98 6 100
12.00– 12.45 SPT Blackish brown plastic silty clay MH-CH

MH 70 12.50 54 83 33 50 7
Blackish brown plastic
14.00– 14.45 SPT MH-CH
MH 90 13.00 50 0 0 0 2 98 9
silty clay
Blackish brown plastic
16.00– 16.45 SPT MH-CH
MH 80 13.00 53 80 30 50 8
silty clay
18.00– 18.45 SPT disintegrated rock SDR 20.00 10 0 0 64 33 3 50
fragments
20.00– 20.45 SPT disintegrated rock SDR 21.00 05 0 0 72 19 9 >50
fragments
fragments
SDR
24.00– 24.45 SPT Soft disintegrated rock 21.50 5 0 0 64 31 5 >100
SR
SDR
SR
28.00– 28.45 SPT Soft disintegrated rock SR 22.00 4 0 0 76 19 5 >100

DS : Distributed but representative soil sample FMC : Field Moisture Content
UDS : Undisturbed soil sample FDD : Field Dry Density
SPT : Standard penetration test sample Atterberg Limits (LL,PL,SL) on soil passing 0.425 mm sieve size
GL : Ground Level Differential free swell
swell on soil passing 0.425 mm sieve size
GWL : Ground Water Level CR : Core Recovery Ration RQD : Rock Quality Designation


Brownish silty medium to fine
0.00 – 3.00 SM - SP 21 16.40 17 - 0 36 225
sand
Brownish silty medium to fine
3.00 – 8.00 SM - SP 15 16.50 22, 30 - 0 38 250
sand
Yellowish brown fine to medium
8.00 – 12.00 SP 12, 13 16.80 43, 49 -- 0 40 350
sand with shells
12.00– 20.00 disintegrated rock fragments SDR 10 20.00 >50 - 0 42 400


Unconfined compressive



Depth below GL (m)
Strength qu [KN.M2]
Fine Sand size (%)

Plastic Limit (%)
Gravel Size (%)

Type of Sample
Liquid Limit (%)
Plasticity Index
Soil
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17)
Yellowish brown silty medium
2.00 – 2.45 SPT SM-SP
SP 16.40 21 NP NP NP 0 0 29 64 7 17
to fine sand
4.00 – 4.45 SPT SM-SP
SP 16.50 09 NP NP NP 0 0 15 79 6 22
to fine sand
6.00 – 6.45 SPT SM-SP
SP 16.50 15 NP NP NP 0 0 21 75 4 30
to fine sand
Yellowish brown fine to
8.00 – 8.45 SPT SP 17.0 12 NP NP NP 0 3 59 35 3 43
medium sand + shells
10.00– 10.45 SPT SP 17.0 13 NP NP NP 0 7 84 6 3 49

12.00– 12.45 SPT SDR 20.00 14 0 17 54 27 2 >50
disintegrated rock fragments
fragments
fragments
fragments
SDR >10
20.00– 20.45 SPT Soft disintegrated rock 21.00 14 0 21 75 2 2
SR 0
SDR >10
SR 0
SDR >10
SR 0
SDR >10
SR 0
>10
28.00– 28.45 SPT Soft disintegrated rock SR 22.00 12 0 17 43 24 16
0
>10
30.00– 30.45 SPT Soft disintegrated rock SR 22.00 10 0 29 41 25 5
0
DS : Distributed
ibuted but representative soil sample FMC : Field Moisture Content
SPT : Standard penetration test
est sample Atterberg Limits (LL,PL,SL) on soil passing 0.425 mm sieve size
si
GL : Ground Level Differential free swell
swel onn soil passing 0.425 mm sieve size
GWL : Ground Water Level CR : Core Recovery Ration RQD RQD : Rock Quality Designation
Har


Yellowish brown silty medium to
0.00 – 2.50 SM - SP 12 16.40 14 - 0 36 225
fine sand
2.50 – 8.00 SP 15 16.80 34, 42 - 0 40 300
sand with shells
8.00 – 10.00 SDR 18 19.50 50 -- 0 42 400
Har





Depth below GL (m)
Strength qu [KN.M2]
Fine Sand size (%)

Plastic Limit (%)
Gravel Size (%)

Type of Sample
Liquid Limit (%)
Plasticity Index
Soil
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17)
2.00 – 2.45 SPT SM-SP
SM 16.40 12 NP NP NP 0 0 20 79 1 14
to fine sand
4.00 – 4.45 SPT SP 16.80 19 NP NP NP 0 0 28 72 0 34
6.00 – 6.45 SPT SP 16.80 15 NP NP NP 0 0 53 40 7 42
Yellow soft disintegrated rock
8.00 – 8.45 SPT SDR 19.50 18 0 0 53 40 7 50
fragments

10.00– 10.45 SPT SDR 20.00 17 0 0 49 42 9 >50
fragments
12.00– 12.45 SPT SDR 20.00 14 19 38 27 12 4 >50
fragments
fragments
fragments
SDR
SR
SDR
SR
SDR
SR
SDR
SR

DS : Distributed but representative soil sample FMC : Field Moisture Content
SPT : Standard penetration
ation test sample Atterberg Limits (LL,PL,SL) on soil passing 0.425 mm sieve
s size
GL : Ground Level Differential free swell on soil passing 0.425 mm sieve size


Yellowish brown silty medium to
0.00 – 2.00 SM - SP - - -- - - -- 150
fine sand
2.00 – 6.00 SP 12, 11 16.80 38, 46 - 0 40 300
sand with shells
6.00 – 8.00 SDR 11 19.50 50 -- 0 42 400
Project: Construction of Breakwater, Diaphragm wall, Piled Jetty etc& Other Shore Based Facilities to Pudimadaka Fishery
Harbour in Visakhapatnam District – M/S WAPCOS Ltd, New Delhi






Depth below GL (m)
Strength qu [KN.M2]
Fine Sand size (%)

Plastic Limit (%)
Gravel Size (%)

Type of Sample
Liquid Limit (%)
Plasticity Index
Soil
(17
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16)
)
2.00 – 2.45 SPT SP 16.80 12 NP NP NP 23 26 24 18 9 38
4.00 – 4.45 SPT SP 16.80 11 NP NP NP 22 5 32 35 6 46
6.00 – 6.45 SPT SDR 19.50 11 21 5 31 38 5 50
fragments

8.00 – 8.45 SPT SDR 20.00 11 26 14 52 3 5 >50
fragments
10.00– 10.45 SPT SDR 20.00 11 40 13 32 3 12 >50
fragments
12.00– 12.45 SPT SDR 20.00 11 49 9 32 3 7 >50
fragments
fragments
fragments
SDR
SR
SDR
SR
SDR
SR
SDR
SR

DS
S : Distributed but representative soil sample FMC : Field Moisture Content
SPT : Standard penetration
tration test sample Atterberg Limits (LL,PL,SL) on soil passing 0.425 mm sieve size
GL : Ground Level Differential free
free swell on soil passing 0.425 mm sieve size
Annexure V
Sample collection location and depth : Sample No. 1 & 1 m depth
Visual Identification of soil: Yellowish brown sandy silty clay – Poorly graded
IS Soil Classification : MI-CI
MI
Sieve Analysis Test Results:
Gravel Fraction : 00 %
Coarse sand size : 00 %
Medium sand size : 05 %
Fine sand size : 30 %
Silt & Clay Size [ less than 2 micron]:
micron] 65 %
Mean grain size, D50 : 0.03 mm
Effective grain size, D10 : 0.0025 mm
D60 : 0.05 mm
D30 : 0.01 mm
Uniformity Coefficient, Cu : D60/D10 = 20

Curvature Coefficient, Cc : [D30 x D30]/ D60 x D10 = 0.80
Consistency Limits Results:
Liquid Limit : 48 %
Plastic Limit : 23 %
Plasticity Index : 25 %
Specific Gravity of Soil, G = 2.68
Permeability Characteristics = Impervious

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sample collection location & depth : Sample No. 2 & 5 metres depth
IS Soil Classification : MI-CI
MI
Sieve Analysis Test Results:
micron] 68 %
D60 : 0.05 mm
D30 : 0.01 mm
Uniformity Coefficient, Cu : D60/D10 = 20

Liquid Limit : 49 %
Permeability Characteristics = Impervious

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sample collection location & Depth : Sample No. 3 & Depth 8 metres
IS Soil Classification : MI-CI/
MI SC-CI
Sievee Analysis Test Results:
micron] 55 %
D60 : 0.07 mm
D30 : 0.02 mm
Uniformity Coefficient, Cu : D60/D10 = 23.33

Liquid Limit : 40 %
Permeability Characteristics = Semi Pervious

CHAPTER-7
NUMERICAL MODELLING STUDY
7.1 HYDRODYNAMIC MODELLING

MODELLI STUDY
7.1.1 INTRODUCTION
In order to compute the sedimentation estimates for the fishing harbour, a

calibrated hydrodynamic model is required. Hence, the site specific detailed
hydrodynamic modelling was conducted to determine the flow circulation for the
proposed fishing harbour at Pudimadaka in Visakhapatnam District, Andhra
Pradesh. Water levels and tide, wind and wave induced flow circulation were
assessed for the proposed fishing harbour.
The study was conducted using the Delft3D package. The Delft3D-Flow
Delft3D model
solves thee 2D or 3D shallow water equations on a rectangular or curvilinear grid,
taking in to account:
 Tidal forcing
 The effect of the Earth’s rotation (Coriolis force)
 Density driven flows (pressure gradients terms in the momentum
equations);
 Advection-diffusion
diffusion solver included to compute density gradients with an
operational facility to treat very sharp gradients in the vertical;
 Space and time varying wind and atmospheric pressure. Advanced
turbulence models to account for a vertical turbulent viscosity and
diffusivity
fusivity based on the eddy viscosity concept. Four options are provided
are k-epsilon, k-L,
L, Algebraic and constant model;
 Time varying sources and sinks (e.g. river discharges);
 Simulation of the thermal discharge, effluent discharge and the intake of
cooling
ling water at any location and any depth;
 Robust simulation of drying and flooding of inter-tidal
inter tidal flats.
The package includes modules for:

 The water movement (both 2D and 3D) including density variations due to
salinity and temperature (including incoming solar radiation);
 Suspended sediment transport (both cohesive and non-cohesive
non cohesive sediment);
 Oil spill modelling
 Waves (using the SWAN program from the University of Delft,
Netherlands)
For the present hydrodynamic modelling study, Delft3D has been run in a 2D
depth-averaged
averaged configuration.
7.1.2 PROPOSED FISHING HARBOR

HAR LAYOUT
Proposed harbour entrance breakwaters layout used for the modeling studies is
presented in Figure 1.
Figure 1 Proposed Pudimadaka harbour entrance breakwaters layout
7.2 SCOPE OF WORK
In order to determine impact of proposed fishery harbour at Pudimadaka on the

adjacent shoreline, 2-D
D hydrodynamic numerical model studies are undertaken
using Delft3D modelling package developed at Delft Hydraulics to assess tidal
hydrodynamics. The two main objectives of the study are as below:
 Assessment of Hydrodynamics under Existing
Ex Conditions
 Assessment of Hydrodynamics under Proposed Development Conditions
7.3 PROJECT DATUM AND CONVENTIONS
CO
7.3.1 UNITS
The SI System of Units has been used throughout the studies.

7.3.2 COORDINATE SYSTEM
All coordinates are in Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 44 North and
are based on the World Geodetic System 84 (WGS84) spheroid.
7.3.3 VERTICAL REFERENCE LEVEL

L
All elevations are in meters and referenced to Chart Datum (CD) unless otherwise
noted.
7.3.4 TIME REFERENCE
All data related to time are given in the local time system, which are GMT+5:30
hours.
7.3.5 DIRECTION CONVENTION
Flow: Flow directions refer to the direction towards which the flow occurs.
Directions of the flow are always given clockwise with respect to north. The unit
is degrees.
Wave direction:: The direction from which the wave is coming (i.e. coming from
convention) and is measured clockwise from true north. A wave with a direction of
0º is coming from the north, and 90º is coming from the east etc.
Wind direction: The direction from which thethe wind is blowing (i.e. coming from
convention) and is measured clockwise from true north. A wind with a direction of
0º is coming from the north, and 90º is coming from the east etc.
7.4 DATA SOURCES:
The following datasets were employed in this study:

 Bathymetry survey data for the project site
 Fishing Harbor layout
 Digitized admiralty charts of the area of interest,
 Wind Climate: Operational Final Analysis from the National Center of
Environmental Prediction (NCEP) GFS Numerical Weather Prediction
Model.
7.4.1 TIDE AND CURRENTS MEASUREMENTS
ME
The tide measurement provided by M/s WAPCOS Ltd. that was carried out
between 01.01.2018 and 15.01.2018 at using Vale Port Tide Master ATG. The
measurement location of ATG is shown in Table 1.. Variation of the measured tide
at station T1 is shown in Figure 2.
Table 1 Co-Ordinates
Ordinates of Measured Tide Location

Geographical UTM – Zone 44
Tide Latitude, N Longitude, E X (m) Y (m) From To
(Station.
17°28'28.42" 83°00' 29.45" 713248.00 1933177.09 01.01.2018 15.01.2018
T1)
Figure 2 Measured Tide at Station T1
The current measurements provided by M/s WAPCOS Ltd. that were carried out
using Vale Port Directional Current Meter, Model 106 at two locations i.e. station
C1 and station C2 between 01.01.2018 and 31.01.2018. The current speed and
directions were recorded at inside the current meter automatically at 10 minutes
interval.
The locations of current measurements are shown in Table 2.. Variation of currents
at station C1 and C2 are shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 respectively.
Table 2 Co-Ordinates
Ordinates of Measured Current Locations

Location Geographic UTM-Zone 44
Latitude, N Longitude, E X (m) Y (m) From To
Station C1 17°28'28.42" 83°00' 29.45" 713248.00 1933177.09 01.01.2018 15.01.2018
Station C2 17°28'08.54" 82°59'49.08" 712063.20 1932553.36 16.01.2018 31.01.2018

Figure 3 Measured Current Speed and Direction at Station C1
Figure 4 Measured Current Speed and Direction at Station C2
7.4.2 OFFSHORE WAVE AND WIND

WI CLIMATE
Offshore wave climate off the project site at 16.5⁰N, ⁰N, 83.5⁰E in the form of
parametric quantities (Significant wave height Hs, Peak period Tp, vector mean
direction) for 14 continuous years has been extracted from NCEP.
The offshore time series wave climate derived from the NCEP database off the
project site at 16.5⁰⁰ N and 83.5⁰ E is presented in the form of a wave rose. Figure
5 shows the annual wave height rose off Pudimadaka and Figure 6 shows the wave
period rose.
Annual Wave Height Rose at 16.5N and 83.5E
N
50%
40%
NW NE
30% Wave Height (m)
20% >3.0
10% 2.5-3.0
2.0-2.5
Calms :
W 0.2%
E 1.5-2.0
1.0-1.5
0.5-1.0
0.0-0.5
SW SE
Figure 5 Annual wave height rose off Pudimadaka at 16.50 N and 83.50 E.
Annual Wave Period Rose at 16.5N and 83.5E
N
50%
Tp (sec)
40%
NW NE
30% 18+
20% 16-18
10% 14-16
12-14
Calms :
W 0.0%
E 10-12
8-10
6-8
4-6
<=4
SW SE
Figure 6 Annual wave period rose off Pudimadaka at 16.50 N and 83.50 E.
Predominantly waves come from South and SSE for about 49% and 35% of the
time respectively. Probability exceedance of significant wave height is presented
in Figure 5, show the wave height exceed 1.0 m and 1.5 m for 57% and 25% of the
time, respectively. The wave period rose shows the swell waves are predominantly
coming from South.
It has observed that wave spectral peak periods are between 8 and 10 seconds
secon for
31% of the time. Spectral peak wave period is more than 10.0 sec for about 46%
of the time indicates the presence of swell waves.
Offshore wind climate from the CFSR has been extracted at the location close to
proposed fishing harbour at 17.480 N and 83.050 E. Figure 7 shows the annual wind
rose. In general, the winds at the Pudimakada fishing harbour site are mild and the
hourly mean wind speed exceeds
exceeds 10 m/s approximately 1% of the time.
CFSR Wind Climate at 17.48N and 83.05E
N
25%
20
NW NE
15
10 12+
5 10-12
8-10
Calm
W 1.2%
E 6-8
4-6
2-4
0-2
U (m/s)
SW SE
Figure 7 Annual wind rose close to proposed Pudimadaka fishing habour at 17.480 N
and 83.050 E.
7.5 HYDRODYNAMIC MODEL SETUP

S
7.5.1 GRID AND BATHYMETRY
Two levels of structured grids were applied for the Delft3D-Flow Flow computation
allowing sufficient resolution to predict results accurately, with the inner grids
while covering a sufficient area to be able to apply the offshore conditions on the
outer grid.
The outer grid with cell size of 650 m in both the directions, covers an area of 350
km in the alongshore direction by 100 km in the offshore direction.
Inner or nested model computation grid is developed for the project site consists of
42500 cells with a gradual variation in resolution
resolution from 180 m along the offshore
open boundary to approximately 20 m at the proposed fishing harbour. The
varying grid resolution was adopted to represent rapid changes in the bathymetry,
define the effect of creeks accurately on the flow propagation. The curvilinear
computational grid used in this study is shown in Figure 8.. The boundary
conditions for the inner grid are supplied by the outer grid through a nesting
procedure. The application of the nested models is necessary in order to obtain
accurate boundary conditions
onditions along the boundaries of the inner or nested grid.
Figure 9shows
shows the nesting arrangement between the grids.
Figure 8 Computation Grid for Pudimadaka

Figure 9 Nested Computational Model Grids (Blue - Inner Grid; Red - Outer Grid)
Bathymetry is an important parameter in hydrodynamic modelling studies. Proper

care should be taken in the bathymetry schematization particularly along the shelf
and in the nearshore. The depth information for the present hydrodynamic model
has been digitized from the Admiralty chart and bathymetry survey data provided
by the client were used and interpolated to
to unstructured grid by linear interpolation
method. For the present project, Mean Sea Level (MSL) is taken as reference
level. The bottom depths were therefore corrected to MSL with the relation: MSL
= CD + 0.90 m, which is based on the information provided
provided in the Indian Tide
Table (ITT) and Admiralty charts (Table
( 3). Figure 10 presents the bathymetry
used for the hydrodynamic modelling study.
Figure 10 Model Bathymetry
Table 3 Tidal Levels
Tidal Plane Elevation (m CD)
Mean Higher High Water (MHHW) +1.5 m
Mean High Water Neap (MHWN) +1.1 m
Mean Sea Level (MSL) +0.9 m
Mean Higher Low Water (MHLW) +0.6 m
Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW) +0.2 m
7.5.2 BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
At the open Boundaries, the Astronomical tide conditions were specified using
tidal constituents, amplitudes and phases. This data for the boundaries was derived
from the TPXO7.2/FES2004 database.
7.5.3 CALIBRATION
Figure 11 shows the comparison of simulated water levels at tide measurement

location T1 off proposed Pudimadaka fishing harbor with measured tide. A good
agreement is shown between the simulated model tide and the predicted water
levels at station T1.
Measured Tide (m)

Simulated Tide (m)
Water Level (m)
Time (day)
Figure 11 Comparison of simulated tide with measured tide
Figure 12 and Figure 13 show the comparison of simulated current speed at station
C1 and station C2 respectively off proposed Pudimadaka fishing harbor with
measured currents. A reasonable agreement is shown between the the simulated model
current speed and the simulated currents at station C1 and C2.
Measured Current Speed (m/s)

Current Magnitude (m/s)
Simulated Current Speed (m/s)
Time (day)
Figure 12 Comparison of simulated current speed with measured currents at station C1
Measured Current Speed (m/s)

Current Magnitude (m/s)
Simulated Current Speed (m/s)
Time (day)
Figure 13 Comparison of simulated current speed with measured currents at station C2

7.5.4 RESULTS
Variation of the maximum current velocities due to tide and wind are presented in
Figure 14 and Figure 15.. Results show that the wind induced currents are
dominant. Hence, both during the flood and ebb phases of tide the current are
flowing in the same direction with similar magnitude. Detailed site-specific
si flow
velocity plots due to combined effect of tide, wind and wave will be presented in
the sedimentation modelling report.
Figure 14 Variation of Maximum Current Velocities under Existing Condition

Figure 15 Variation of Maximum Current Velocities under Proposed Pudimadaka

Fishing Harbour
7.6 CONCLUSIONS
This study presents the hydrodynamic modelling carried out for the Pudimadaka
Fishing Harbour with the proposed layout. The study made use of available
information and open source data to setup the models in order to obtain the water
levels and current for the proposed fishing harbour.
The simulated model result for tide shows good agreement with the measured
data hence the model is calibrated.
cal
The details of the numerical model studies is given in a separate report.

report
CHAPTER-8
DESIGN OF FISHERY HARBOUR
8.1 Design fishing fleet size
In order to decide the design fleet size for the project, the economic investigation
team visited the site and held discussions with the officers of the Fisheries
Department of Andhra Pradesh and stakeholders regarding the number of fishing
vessels operating from Visakhapatnam District and the total number of fishing
vessels for which the fishery harbour has to be designed. Further, the Fisheries
Department has provided the fishing vessels’ statistics during the economic
investigations. Accordingly, it is suggested after stakeholders meeting that the
fishing harbour could be designed for a total fishing fleet of 930 vessels
comprising 700 numbers of 9 metre motorised, 200 numbers of 18 metre
mechanised fishing vessels respectively and 30 numbers of 24 metre tuna Long
Liners which was also concurred by the Commissioner of Fisheries, Govt. of
Andhra Pradesh.
8.2 Fishing vessel characteristics
The vessel characteristics are overall length (OAL), beam and draft of the vessel in
loaded condition. Thesecharacteristics of fishery vessels using the harbour are a
prerequisite to design different water front structures as the fishery harbour is
meant for catering to the needs of various sizes of fishing vessels. The information
gathered on the draft of the fishing vessels vis-a-vis the OAL and beam of the
vessels operating at the harbour site are given in Table 8-1.
Table 8-1
Fishing vessel characteristics
Overall length of
Draft (m) Beam (m)
vessel (m)
9 1.0 2.00
18 1.7 5.50
24 3.0 6.00
8.3 Depth of the Harbour
The dredge level of the harbour is proposed at -3.5 m which gives a depth of 3.60
m at MLWS. This provides a clearance of 0.6 m for 24 m boats having a draft of
3.0 m.
8.4 Design data
The details of the fleet using the harbour such as number of boats, overall length,
average landing, duration of each trip etc., are given in Table 7-2.
Table 8-2
Design data
Overall length
fishing season
No. of days in
No. of fishing
No. of fishing
No. of vessels
per boat (kg)
Duration of
trip(days)
Rest days
of vessel
Landing
trips
days
each
9m (FRP Boats) 700
00 222 270 180 90 2 90
18m (Trawler) 200 4000 270 180 90 12 15
24m (Tuna Long Line) 30 6000 270 180 90 12 15
8.5 Computation of quay length for landing, idle-berthing,

berthing, outfitting and
repair quays
In a fishery harbour, quays are required by the fishing vessels for various purposes
like fish landing, outfitting, idle-berthing
idle berthing and repair of vessels. The economical
lengths of these quays in the proposed
proposed fishery harbour are computed in the
following paragraphs based on the number and size of fishing vessels
ves using the
harbour and average annual fish landings per vessel. In order to arrive at the quay
lengths, the following important assumptions are made:
 9m Motorized craft require beach landing.

 10% of the fishing fleet may not go out for fishing due to maintenance, repair
or some other reason.
 The 18 m and 24m OAL trawlers and Tuna Long Line which go on 12 days
trip, will be equally distributed on each day with same number of
departures/arrivals.
 During peak season, 20% of thetrawlers may arrive in a day with 20% increase
in fish catch.
 A uniform manual unloading rate of 4500 kg/hour is assumed for 18 m
trawlersand 24mm tuna long line.
line
 Permissible duration
ration of fish landing by fishing vessels and outfitting these
vessels are reasonably assumed to be 6 and 8 hours respectively.
 The fish landing quay length for a fishing vessel consists of overall length of
the vessel in their category plus a free spacing of 10% of its overall length
between the boats to facilitate safe maneuvering.
8.5.1 Landing quay length

ength
The fish landing jetty lengths for the proposed harbour have been calculated
considering average sizes of trawlers and Tuna Long Line viz., 18 m and 24m
OAL, their duration of fishing trips, quantity of fish landed, time required for
docking, undocking of these vessels, unloading rate of the fish catch at the fish
landing quays and the duration of fish landing hours at the harbour.
a) 18m Trawler-
Trawler 200 numbers (12-day fishing trip)
The number of boats operating = 0.9 x 200 = 180
no.
The number of boats operating per day = 180/12
180 = 15 nos.
Number of arrivals in a day during peak season = 1.2 x 15 = 18nos.
Average fish landing per boat = 4,000 kg
Peak fish landing per boat = 1.2 x 2400 = 4,800 kg
Time required for docking and undocking = 5 + 5 = 10 min.
Time required for unloading at 4500 kg/hour = 4,800 x 60/ 4500
= 64 min
Total time required = 10 + 64 = 74 min.
No. of berths required to handle 188 vessels in 6 hours = 18 x 74/ (6 x 60)
= 3.7 say 4 nos.
Length of the fish landing quay required = 4 x (18 +1.8)
+1. = 79.2 m
say 80 m
b) 24m Trawler- 30
3 numbers (12-day fishing trip)
The number of boats operating = 0.9 x 30 = 27 no.
The number of boats operating per day = 27/12
27 = 2.25
say 3 nos.
Number of arrivals
arriv in a day during peak season= 1.2 x 3 = 3.6
say 4 nos.
Average fish landing per boat = 6,000
6, kg
Peak fish landing per boat = 1.2 x 6,000
000 = 9,000 kg
Time required for docking and undocking = 10 + 10 = 20 min.
Time required for unloading at 4500 kg/hour = 9,000
9 x 60/ 4500
= 120 min
Total time required = 20 + 1200 = 140 min.
No. of berths required to handle 4 vessels in 6 hours = 4 x 140/ (6 x 60)
= 1.56 say 2 nos.
Length of the fish landing quay required = 2 x (24 +2.4) = 52.8 m
say 53 m
Landing Quay Length

Fishing Vessel
(m)
18 m trawlers 80
24 m Tuna long line 53
Total 133
8.5.2 Outfitting quay length
Before proceeding on a fishing trip, the 18mtrawlers and 24m tuna long line
collect fuel, fresh water and ice in addition to food provisions at the outfitting
quay. Considering the time taken by the boats to receive fuel, fresh water and ice,
the length of the outfitting quay has been worked out as follows:
a) 18 m size Trawlers
rawlers– 200 numbers conducting 12 day fishing trips
The number of boats operating = 0.9 x 200
20 = 180 nos.
The number of boats operating per day = 180/12 = 15 nos.
Number of boats requiring outfitting in a day during peak season
seas
= 1.2 x 15= 18 nos.
Time taken on an average for each boat to receive fuel, ice and water
= 30 min.
Number of berths required for outfitting in 8 hours = 18 x 30/(8 x 60)
= 1.125 say 1
no.
Length of outfitting quay required = 1 (18 +1.8) = 19.8m
19.8 say 20 m
b) 24 m size Trawlers – 30 numbers conducting 10 day fishing trips

The number of boats operating = 0.9 x 300 = 18 nos.
The number of boats operating per day = 18/12 = 1.5
say 2 nos.
Number of boats
boats requiring outfitting in a day during peak season
= 1.2 x 2= 2.4 say 3nos
Time taken on an average for each boat to receive fuel, ice and water
= 40 min.
Number of berths required for outfitting in 8 hours = 3 x 40/(8 x 60) =
0.25 say 1 no.
Length of outfitting quay required = 1 (24 +2.4) = 26.4 m say 27 m
Outfitting Quay Length

Fishing Vessel
(m)
18 m Trawlers
T 20
Total 47
8.5.3 Repair quay length

ength
The 18m trawlers and 24m tuna long line will need occasional repairs to their
engine/machinery and other parts onboard while they remain afloat. Keeping this
in view, repair quay of 47 m long exclusively for repairing one boat length for 18
m trawlers and one boat length for 24 m tuna long line is provided.
18m
m Trawlers = 1 (18+1.8) = 19.8 m say 20.0
.0 m
24m Tuna long line = 1 (24+2.4) = 26.4 m say 27.0 m
Total length of repair quay/jetty required =20.0+27.0

= +27.0= 47.0 m
8.5.4 Idle-berthing quay

uay length
During the non-fishing

fishing season and rough weather, the boats may seek shelter in the
harbour for which idle-berthing
berthing quays are to be provided.
a) 18 m Trawlers - 200 numbers

Assuming that the 5 boats berth abreast
Number of boats operating including the sick ones = 2000 nos.
Assuming that the vessels are idle-berthed
idle five abreast = 200/5
20 = 40 nos.
Length of idle-berthing
berthing quay required = 40 (18+1.8) = 792m
792
Length available from landing and outfitting of 18
1 m vessels, for berthing
during non-fishing
fishing and rough
roug weather times = (80
80+20) = 100 m
Net berthing length required for 12 m size vessels = 792 -100 = 692 m
b) 24 m Trawlers - 30 numbers
Assuming that the 5 boats berth abreast
Number of boats operating including the sick ones = 300 nos.
Assuming that the vessels are idle-berthed
idle five abreast = 30/5
3 = 6 nos.
Length of idle-berthing
berthing quay required = 6 (24+2.4) = 158.44 say 159m
159
Length available from landing and outfitting of 24 m vessels, for berthing
during non-fishing
shing and rough weather times = (53
53+27) = 80 m
Net berthing length required for 24 m size vessels = 159 - 80 = 79 m
Berthing Quay Length

Fishing Vessel
(m)
18 m Trawlers
T 692
Total 771
8.5.5 Total Quay Length
The summary of total quay length required for landing, outfitting, repair and berthing
of fishing vessels is as follows:
Table
Summary of quay lengths
Sl. 18 m 24 m Total
Description Tuna Long
No. Trawlers (m)
Line
1 Fish landing Quay 80 53 133
2 Outfitting Quay 20 27 47
3 Repair Quay 20 27 47
4 Idle-berthing
berthing Quay 692 79 771
Total 812 186 998
Landing, outfitting and berthing activities of traditional boats will take place at the
beach landing area. During non-fishing
non fishing and rough weather conditions the boats are
hauled on to the land for idle berthing and for repairs.
8.6 Fishery harbour

arbourlayout
As seen from the table 7-2

7 2 above there are two types of boats i.e., motorised crafts
and mechanized fishing vessels (Trawlers&
(Trawlers Tuna Long Line). ). Fishing
F Harbour
requirements for both traditional and mechanized fishing vessels are planned side
by side. Motorised crafts require beach landing. Mechanized fishing vessels
require quays for fish landing and other activities.
The planning of different waterside and landside

landside facilities to be provided in a
fishery harbour should be such that all necessary harbour components are placed in
an orderly manner. Thehe flow of fishing boats normally taking place in a well-
planned fishery harbour is as described below:
 The fishing boats arrive in the fishery harbour after their fishing voyage of
specified duration.
 First, they go over to fish landing quay to unload the fish catch. After the
fish is unloaded in plastic crates, it is taken to the fish handling and auction
hall. There,, it is washed, sorted, weighed and displayed in boxes for
auctioning. Then, it is packed with ice in the fish packing sections and
dispatched to the local fish markets for further fish processing. Some
quantities of wet fish may go for chilled store, freezing,
freezing, canning etc., while
the trash fish is taken for making fish meal, fish manure or else to be used
in other allied fish industries.
 Then, the boats move on to the idle-berthing
idle berthing quay for idle-berthing
idle or to
repair quay for minor boat repair/engine repair
repair till the next fishing trip.
 Before departing the harbour on their next fishing trip, the fishing boats
take fuel, ice, fresh water and food provisions from the outfitting quay.
Keeping in mind the topographic and hydrographic features of the site, the
waterside and landside facilities are planned in a systematic manner following the
modular concept. The facilities connected with fish landing, outfitting, idle-
idle
berthing, repair and public utility modules are grouped together so as to avoid
cross-traffic off fishing vessels on water side and movement of men and vehicular
traffic on land side.
Both waterside and landside facilities planned and designed are in tune with the
international standards for the hygienic fish handling and sanitation. In the fish
landing
nding module Fish handling and auction halls
halls for MFVs, Tuna & FRP boats,
boats fish
loading area, parking area are provided. The idle-berthing quay is placed next to
landing with the shore facilities like fishing gear sheds, fishermen's rest sheds, net
mending sheds etc. The outfitting quay is placed prior to the landing quay with
supply facilities like ice, fuel and fresh water delivery points so that, while
departing the vessels take fuel, water, etc. Repair quay is provided before
outfitting quay.. In the Repair
Repai quay module boat repair shop is provided for minor
repairs. RC sloping hard, boat repair/parking yard are provided at the other end of
the harbour so that activities like major repairs, boat building can be carried out
smoothly.. Adequate harbour basin area area for the vessels is provided adjacent to
quays so that the safe manoeuvring of vessels approaching and leaving the berths
is possible.Apart from this, the fishery harbour layout provides for the following
landside facilities:
 Administrative office, navigation

na aids and radio-communication
communication centre,
restaurant, public toilet blocks, security/guard house, electric substation,
overhead tank for storing fresh water, facilities for storing and distribution
of fuel and fresh water on the outfitting quay side, boat b repair shop,
fishermen gear sheds, net mending shed, shed fishermen rest sheds,
sheds coastal
police stationand fish drying yard.
 Traffic area, loading area, approach road, internal roads and parking area
for both vehicles as well as for dry-stalking
dry stalking of fishing boats during non-
fishing season.
 Ice
ce plant and chilled storage, civic amenity such as shopping complex.
complex
 Boat building and repair yard for undertaking repair of boats.

boats.
 Total land area including reclaimed
r land of 22.95hectare
22.95 for
accommodating the necessary landside facilities.
The fishery harbour layout incorporating the above harbour facilities is shown in
Drg.No.AP- PUDI /03..
8.7 Waterside facilities

acilities
8.7.1 Breakwaters
The layout of the Northern and Southern breakwater is shown in Drg.No.AP-

PUDI /03.In In order to finalise the alignment, length and design of
breakwaterssections,, numerical model study are conducted at Hindustan
University, Chennai and wave flume studies are conducted at CWPRS for design
of trunk portion of the breakwater at bed levels of 0 m, -1.0 m, -2.0
2.0 m, -4.0 m, -5.5
mand roundheads at -5.5m
5.5m and 6.5 m.
Layout of the proposed fishery harbour consists of two breakwatersand

breakwaters the head of
the breakwaters
ers are placed at 5.5m and 6.5m.Length of southern breakwater would
be about 1054 m and length of northernbreakwater
northern would be about 1075 m.
Width of opening near head portion of breakwater at MSL would be about 102
m.Thedesign of cross-sec
sections
tions of breakwaters at different bed levels with tetrapods
inthe armour was finalized through wave flume studies,considering
studies considering the design
wave condition at different bed levels.The
levels The details of these study are given in a
separate volume.
8.7.2 Quay
Quay lengths required for fish landing, outfitting, idle-berthing

idle berthing and repair of
vessels are computed in paragraph 7.5 .5 based on the fishery operations. Their
positions in the fishery harbour layout are planned in such a way that the fishing
vessels will operate
rate and use the harbour facilities in an orderly and optimum
manner.
The top level of the fish landing quay should be such that it should facilitate easy
unloading of fish baskets/boxes by manual labor during mean high water of
springs and there should be be no overtopping of the quay during highest
astronomical tide. Keeping in view the requirement of 24 m trawlers and the tide
levels prevailing during spring and highest Astronomical tide level surmised at
site, the crest level of the fish landing and other quays like outfitting, idle-berthing
idle
and repair are placed at R.L.+3.0
R.L.+ m with a clear freeboard of 1.501. m during
MHWS (+1.50 m).
The subsoil investigations conducted at site and laboratory results, it appears that
the soil layers up to 8 to 10 m depth is Silt sand/silty clay of medium consistency
and below 10m depth it is soft disintegrated rock.
rock
From the results of the subsoil investigations and from the point of view economic
cost, deck slab supported on RC Bored Piledstructure is proposed.
proposed The length of
the bored pile quay structure is 671m. In addition to this bored pile quay structure,
quay structure parallel to northern breakwater is proposed for a length of about
254m. The type of structure proposed is cantilever diaphragm wall. The plan and
cross-sections
sections of the proposed quaysare shown in Drawing No.AP- No. PUDI /07
(A)& (B).
The quay structure is provided with rubber tyre fenders at regular intervals along
the fish landing, outfitting, repair and idle-berthing
idle quays including mooring rings
and bollards.
The following loadings have been assumed for the structural design of the RCC
bored pile type quay and cantilever diaphragm wall structures.
Vertical : Uniformly distributed load of 10 kN/m2.

Horizontal : Perpendicular
endicular to the quay face, 1 kN/m.
To ensure free movement of fishermen over the quay surfaces, vehicles are not to
be permitted on quays structures. As such, vehicular loads are not considered in
the above design calculations.
8.7.3 Dredging and Disposal
Sufficient depth is required in the harbour basin area in order to ply and
manoeuvring of fishing boats. Dredging is required to be taken up to -3.5m level in
the harbour basin. Accordingly, 6,40,000cum
cum are required to be dredged for this
purpose.
The general ground level at proposed fishery harbour site is around RL +3.00+ m.
However, the quay structure is proposed at RL +0.50m to minimise the quantity of
dredging. Hence, the area behind the quay is to be reclaimed to RL +3.00
+ m. Also
the quay proposed parallel to northern breakwater is also required reclaimed upto RL
+3.00m. The quantity of earth required for reclamation is about 1,38,800cum.
1,38,800 About
17,100cum
cum of the material obtained from the dredging
dredging in the harbour basin and
cutting of elevated land far behind the quaycan
can be utilised for reclamation of land
to RL +2.50 m level.
8.7.4 RC Sloping hard

ard
RC sloping hard is required for hauling of boats on to land for repair/dry stacking
sta
etc. RC sloping hard of 30 m wide inside basin is proposed to haul up vessels
requiring regular maintenance and necessary repairs to hull, engines and also for
stacking of boats during non-fishing

non season.. The slope of ramp is 1V:10H.
1V:
Sufficient space is provided behind the sloping hard for boat building, boat
parking and repair of vessels. The details of the RC sloping hard are shown
inDrg.No.AP- PUDI /21 21.
8.7.5 Revetment
The slope of the finished land reclamation on the waterside,

waterside, behind the quay to a
length of 671 mwould be protected by 600 cm thick hand packed rough stone
revetment with 65 to 75 cm long through stones at 1.50 m c / c over a backing of
45 cm thick graded filter media consisting of sand, 10 mm and 40 mm size
aggregate. Below the stone
st bedding layer, geo-textile
textile filter is provided. Stone
revetment would have a slope of 1 V: 1.5H as shown in Drg.No.AP AP- PUDI /22.
8.7.6 Navigational aids

ids
Navigational aids are required for safe navigation of fishing vessels during both
night and day times. They are needed to demark the harbour entrance channel,
rocky outcrops in the vicinity of the harbour and also for visibility during night
times also, as fishers go or come back from fishing operations without any time
schedule. Vessel operators may wish to go for fishing either during day time or
night hours depending on the fishing grounds and knowledge of shoals. While
smaller boats of a day’s fishing trip
t would try to do fishing in near shore waters,
the bigger boats of multiple day voyages may go farther deep in the sea, and will
be in touch with the shore station.
At present there are no navigation aids in the harbour area. For the entrance
channel to be visible during night, marker/lighted buoys need to be installed for
ensuring safe navigation of fishing vessels. Therefore, Provision is made for the
navigation aids. However, the specific requirement and details need to be worked
out at the time of actual project implementation.
8.8 Landside facilities

acilities
8.8.1 Land reclamation

eclamation
The highest astronomical

ronomical tide (HAT) at Visakhapatnam which is the nearest Port is
+2.00 m.. As such, the reclamation level is proposed at +3.0 + m to prevent the
harbour area from inundation during highest tide levels/astronomical tides. The
average ground level is +3.00m m on the site where the shore based infrastructure
facilities are proposed.. However, the ground level where the quay is proposed
propose is
about +0.50m. Based on this level, the quantum of land reclamation is of the order
of 1,38,800cum. About 17,100cum cum of the material obtained from the dredging in the
harbour basin can be utilised for partly reclamation of land to RL +2.70
+2. m level and
remaining quantity for reclamation is done using locally available earth. About A
1,21,700cum
cum of good quality borrowed earth or gravel is required for reclamation from
RL +2.50 m to +3.00 level The area of dredging and reclamation are shown in the
0 m level.
fishery harbour layout Drg.No.AP-
Drg.No. PUDI /03.
8.8.2 Fish handling

andling and auction hall
The modern fish handling and auction hall would be nerve centre of a fishery
harbour. The purpose of the fish handling and auction hall is to facilitate hygienic
fish handling, better sanitation keeping in mind the MPEDA guidelines and other
international Euro norms and HACCP practices pertaining to hygienic fish
handling. Separate Auction halls for MFVs and traditional boats are proposed. The
fish handling and auction hall is planned and designed to provide good scope for
ensuring fish quality, collection of statistics on quantum of fish being landed at the
harbour, monitoring of fishery resources etc. In the auction hall fresh fish landed
from boats is cleaned, sorted by species and size-wise,
size wise, weighed, auctioned, iced,
packed. Then it will be distributed to
to the local, national and international markets.
The plan, elevation and other details of fish handling and auction hall are shown in
Drg.No.AP- PUDI /088 and Drg.No.AP- PUDI /09. To avoid fresh fish being
exposed to sun heat and to avoid long haulage of fish, the fish handling and
auction hall is located very close to fish landing quay.
The proposed fish handling and auction hall is covered from all sides by brick
walls with doors to provide security. The floor of the building would be provided
with durable,
ble, strong, semi-polished,
semi chemical resistant, water-tight,
tight, non-skid
non white
kota/cudappa stone appropriate for industrial use. Inside wall surfaces are cladded
with ceramic tiles up to the lintel height. Instead of Kota/cudappa stone, non-skid
non
epoxy coated /granite flooring may also be most desirable.
The fish handling and auction hall, is divided into number of bays along the length
to make it suitable to carry out pre-processing
pre processing activities including fish auctioning.
This would enable to move the unloaded fish from several boats at a time to fish
bays without exposing fish to sun heat, dust, dirt and other contaminants. The fish
workers would encounter with fish sorting tables to sort fish by grade, weight and
species-wise
wise standing on either side of the table.
table. Next to fish sorting tables, fish
display platforms with weighing scales are arranged so that fish boxes displaying
species, size and source could be readied for fish auction to take place without
wasting time.
Thereafter, fish packing space are provided

provided in the same line adjoining fish loading
area to move fish catch in a linear fashion right from the quay face to fish loading
area undergoing all the pre-processing
pre processing activities. In this way, criss-cross
criss
movement of fish transfer from one place to the other other is avoided. All the fish
washing tanks, sorting tables, fish display platforms and fish packing tables would
be topped with ceramic tiles.
Quantum of water required in fish handling and auction hall for cleaning fish, floor
cleaning and fish box washing
washing would be manifold compared to fresh water
required for personal use. Therefore, instead of fresh water, clean and bacteria-free
bacteria
seawater would be used in all the fish cleaning/floor washing operations.
Together with seawater supply system, the building

building will have arrangement for
supply of fresh water for people working in the building. Separate fresh water lines
will be laid for this purpose. The seawater and freshwater supply lines would be
colour-coded
coded to distinguish between the two supply lines. Pipes
Pipes and pipe fittings
including valves would be of UV stabilized and sanitized PVC/HDPE pipes and
fittings to avoid marine corrosion.
Auction hall area calculations

alculations
To keep the fish display areas of the building neat, clean and cool, the fish display
area are planned off the floor on the raised concrete platforms (0.15 m above the
floor level) with drains in the middle of the hall with inspection passages provided
for buyers and auctioneers who would not be stamping fish while moving round
the fish display platforms. These fish display areas in 4.6 m x 2.6 m to hold at least
4.16tonne
tonne of fish arranged in 13 rows and 4 columns of fish boxes in two levels
with a net weight ht of each fish box taken as 40 kg. In case of more fish catch
coming into the fish auction hall, fish boxes can even be piled up to three layers,
provided care is taken to ensure that fishes in the under layered crates are not
crushed.
The basis for arriving

ving at the plinth area is given below:
1) Fish auction hall area for MFV’s
i) 18 m trawlers of 12 days fishing trip with average fish landings of
4,000 kg - 2000 nos.
The number
ber of boats operating per day = (0.9 x 200) / 12 = 15 nos
Number of arrivals in an hour during a peak day =1.2 x 15/6=
15 3 nos.
Average fish landing per boat = 4,000 kg
Peak fish landing per boat = 1.2 x 4,000
4,0 = 4,800 kg
Total fish landing from
f 3 boats = 3 x 4,800 = 14,400 kg
Say 14.5 tonne
It is assumed that 50%

% of the fresh fish landed at the fishery harbour is likely to be
taken into the fish handling and auction hall and remaining 50% % will be trash fish
meat for fish drying, fish meal etc.
Total fresh fish coming in to the auction hall = 14.5 x 0.50 = 7.25tonne/hour
7.25
Since, the fish auctioning process for each batch may take about 1.5 to 2 hours,
fish catch landed during 2 hours (i.e. 7.25 x 2 = 14.5tonne)
tonne) is considered for the
computation of plinth area of fish auction hall.
The size of each fish box is 0.60 m x 0.40 m x 0.30 m. Each fish display area of
4.6 m x 2.6 m will hold at least 2.6 tonne of fish when arranged in13 rows and 4
columns of fish boxes in two levels with a weight of each fish box taken as 25 kg.
Number of bays required = 14.5/ 2.6 = 5.58 say 6 bays
Hence it is proposed to provide one fish handling and auction hall of six baysfor
MFVs. The proposed area of each auction hall is 779sqm. The plan, elevation and
section of the auction hall for MFVs are shown in Drg.No. AP-PUDI
PUDI/08.
2) Tuna Fish Handling,

ng, Grading and Packing Unit
Tuna fish consumed in chilled form need to be carefully handled, preserved and
properly transported as tuna is a scombroid fish and the time and temperature
above the normal fish would lead to Histamine poisoning (with symptoms like
skin rash, edema, localized inflammation, gastro intestinal and neurological
problems) in the end consumer.
Tuna Fish Handling, Grading and Packing Unit Area
24 m size Tuna Boat –30 numbers (12 days Trip)
Number of boats operating = 0.9x30 = 27
24 m size vessels being tuna long line of 12 days fishing trip,
their arrivals per day = 27/12 = 2.25 say 2 nos.
Peak arrivals in a day = 2 x 1.2 = 2.4 say 3 nos.
Avg. landing per boat = 6,000
,000 kg.
Peak landing per boat = 1.2 x 6,000
,000 = 9,000 kg
Total landing from 17 boats = 3 x 9,000
00 = 27,000 kg
Or say 27 tonne per day
As per estimates a chilled tuna handling / packing centre, at the rate of 10 sq. m
per worker, 100 sq. m unit can employ 10 workers and a unit with a 200 sq. m can
employ 20 workers.
A worker can handle a maximum of 400 Kg chilled fish per hour and during a shift
he can handle 3.2 tones. A unit with 15 workers can handle 48 tonne per day. A
unit with an area of 200sq. m can handle 128 tonne per day.
Hence area of Tuna Fishh Handling, Grading and Packing hall required
= 27/128*200
/128*200 = 42.18 sq.m
The various components required for such facilities include handling / packing
facility with unidirectional flow to avoid contamination, chill room, workers
facilities like change room,
room, toilets, rest room, flake ice making units, water
purification system, effluent treatment system etc.
Further, the tuna handling / packing facility should be ideally situated close to the
fish landing centers preferably having access to water bodies to to enable landing of
the catch from the fishing vessel /boat / crafts in the vicinity of the handling and
packing units.
It is proposed to build one Tuna Fish Handling, Grading and Packing Centre of
size 52.73 m x 21.23 m of area 1119.46 sqm as shown in Drg.No.
g.No. AP-PUDI/09.
3) Fish auction hall area for traditional crafts
i) 9 m Motorisedcraft
craft of1-day
of fishing trip with average fish landings of
222 kg - 700
00 nos.
The number
ber of boats operating per day = 0.9 x 700 = 630 nos.
Number of arrivals in a day during peak hour = 1.2x 6300/6 = 126 nos.
Average fish landing per boat = 222 kg
Peak fish landing per boat = 1.2 x 222 = 266.4
say 267kg
Total landing from 180 boats = 267 x 126 = 33,642
33 kg
or334tonnes
It is assumed that 30%% of the fresh fish landed at the beach landing is likely to
be taken into the fish handling and auction hall and remaining 70%% will be trash
fish meat for fish drying, fish meal, etc.
Total fish coming into the auction hall would be 34 x 0.3 = 10.2 tonnes.
Total fish coming into the auction hall per hour would be 10.2tonnes
tonnes.
Since, the fish auctioning process for each batch may take about 1.5 to 2 hours,
fish catch landed during 1.5 hours will be 10.2 x 2 = 20.4 tonne is considered for
computation of the plinth area of fish auction hall. The size of each fish box is 0.60
m x 0.40 m x 0.30 m.
Each fish display area of 4.6 m x 2.6 m will hold at least 2.2 tonne of fish when
arranged in 11 rows and 4 columns of fish boxes in two levels with a weight of
each fish box taken as 25 kg
Number of bays required = 20.4/2.2 = 9.27 say 10 bays
Hence it is proposed to provide one auction hall of ten bays each for traditional
boats. The total area of proposed auction hall is 565 sqmas
as shown in Drg.No.AP-
PUDI/10.
Fish will be displayed on the platforms of 4.6

.6 m x 2.6 m area in boxes for buyers
to know about the fish species, grade, weight and who supplied it. There, the
auction field staff could assess the quality and quantity
quantity of fish being sold in
auction and keep track of the quantum of fish landings. Each auction process with
fish coming in batches is expected to last at least for 1.5 to 2 hours during which
time all the pre-processing
processing operations like washing, sorting, weighing,
weighing, auctioning
and fish packing with ice including loading of fish in the waiting refrigerated vans
could be completed. Fish transported from the fishery harbour complex is only in
the form of fresh fish as further fish processing for export is done elsewhere
el in the
fish processing plants.
After each batch of fish is handled and auctioned, cleaning and disinfecting of
floors, walls and fish boxes would be done with chlorinated seawater by wall
mounted or hand pulled high-pressure
high cleaners for effective cleaning as well as
water saving measure. Thus, clean fish boxes/crates could be made available to the
fish sellers at a nominal cost and stored back into box store rooms at the end of
each auction hall. After auction, buyers would collect their purchases and head to
the fish packing area for ice packing in plastic crates.
The floor finish level within the building would be higher by 0.45 m above the
quay surface for better drainage. The fish handling and auction hall would have
sewerage and drainage arrangements
arrangements for washed water from fish washing tanks,
floors and sewage from toilets. All the drainage and sewage lines from the fish
handling and auction hall would be connected to the underground sewer system.
Within the building, internal drains would run length-wisewise and breadth-wise
breadth to
collect washed water and prevent floor becoming wet and slippery. Since the
drains are likely to be frequently blocked by fish wastes, the drains provided are of
open type, but covered with galvanized steel metal grids/gratings
grids/gratings or perforated
concrete slabs so that the top covering can be easily removed and replaced during
inspection and cleaning operations. These internal drains would be provided with
suitable water-sealed
sealed chambers at the junctions to prevent drains clogging from
fish waste/offal and foul smell emanating from the drains.
Necessity for chilled storage facilities for the excess fish catch not sold on a
particular day’s auction might arise during the operation of fish handling and
auction hall. For this reason, the building provides for insulated rooms for
overnight storage of ice fish. A separate room is provided to install DG set to be
used during power breakdown to provide continuous power supply.
Within the fish handling and auction hall, adequate windows and ventilators would
be provided to allow for natural light and ventilation in addition to exhaust fans
fixed at the lintel height below the false ceiling. Windows and ventilators would be
adequately screened with nylon/ aluminium nets/ curtains and doors provided with
mechanical air curtains to prevent the ingress of insects like flies, mosquitoes and
birds. In addition to general lighting of the building, the fish display, fish packing,
management room and other areas needing care would be well lit by providing pr
special anti-glare
glare type hanging lights of adequate luminosity with shadow covers.
This would help to conduct fish handling, icing and auctioning operations even
during night hours.
The front and back of fish handling and auction hall on the fish landing
l quayside
and fish loading areas would be well lit with high mast lights. Since the fish
unloading operations could take place during day as well as night hours, the
building is provided with a centralized uninterrupted electric supply in the form of
standby diesel gen-set
set for lighting the building and surrounding areas, besides
normal electric power supply.
8.8.3 Fish loading area

rea
Behind the fish handling and auction hall and adjacent to fish packing rooms, fish
loading areas with sun shade are provided to enable vehicles including the
refrigerated vans to approach the fish auction hall from behind for transportation
of auctioned fish
sh to consuming markets. The extent of concrete surface in fish
loading area with FRP sun shade structure is 703.36sq.m.
sq.m. The fish loading area is
of concrete surface for the entire length of fish handling and auction hall to
withstand the vehicle loads and spillage of water which is shown in fishery
harbour layout Drg.No.AP-
Drg.No. PUDI /03. The surface of the fish loading areas
would be given suitable slope towards drains to avoid forming wet, slippery
conditions at the fish loading place. The cross section of concrete
concrete surface is shown
in Drg.No. AP- PUDI /22. /
After fish auctioning process, fish will be packed in fish boxes with crushed ice in
the fish packing rooms and then loaded into the waiting vans/trucks to be taken to
local fish markets and fish processing
processing plants located elsewhere. Instead of carrying
fish in open vehicles, refrigerated vans/trucks would be insisted from the fish
transporters to preserve the quality and freshness of fish.
8.8.4 Fishery Administrative

dministrative office
Fishery administrative office is necessary for the management and maintenance of

harbour facilities, for regulating activities relating to fishery industry such as fish
handling and auction hall, fish prices and the movement of fishing vessels in and
out off the harbour. Fishery Administrative Officer along with his supporting staff
is expected to work from this office to look after the day-to-day
day day activities. As such,
the proposed fishery harbour complex provides for a fishery administrative office
having a plinth area of 162.56sq.m
sq.m as shown in the harbour layout Drg.No. AP-
PUDI /03. The building islocated
islocated in the heart of fishery harbour complex.
Fishery administrative office provides for staff rooms, record room, toilet etc. The
plan and elevation of administrative
admi office are shown in Drg.No.AP
AP- PUDI/11. In
case, additional building area is required at a later stage, the State Fisheries
Department may go for additional floors.
8.8.5 Fishermen’s Gear sheds
Between the rest days of the fishing voyages and during non-fishing
fishing season, some
fishing vessel operators for security reasons may prefer to keep their fishing gear
in the fish gear sheds instead of keeping in the fishing vessels. As such, fishing
gear storage
rage cabins with locking arrangements are required to be provided in a
fishery harbour. For this purpose, a limited number of fishing gear storage sheds
(proposed in six blocks each having 12 cabins with a plinth area of 161 sqm) sqm are
proposed in the fisheryry harbour complex as shown in Drg.No.AP-
Drg.No. PUDI /03.
The six blocks have a total plinth area of 966sq.m. The he basis for arriving at the
plinth area of the gear storage sheds is that each fishing boat
boat operator would need
10 sqm of floor space for storing gears and tackles. For this reason, each cabin
provided is of 3.75 m X 3 m in floor area with additional racks provided for
storing petty items like paints, lubricants, hooks, floats etc.
These six blocks are located central to idle-berthing

berthing quay so that the fishing boat
operators need not have to carry the heavy gears and tackles for a long distance
and can keep the fishing gear in safe custody in the gear sheds under lock. In
addition to the above there is provision for four more
ore fishermen’s gear shed to be
constructed in future as shown in the fishery harbour layout. The plan and
elevation of the fishermen gear shed are shown in Drg.No.AP- PUDI /12.
8.8.6 Net mending sheds

heds
Fishing nets would become wet and damaged to some extent extent after each trip. As
such, a top covered net mending shed with open on all four sides is required for
the fishermen to repair their damaged nets sitting under the sunshade. Therefore,
three net mending sheds of a total plinth area of 620.85 sqm are provided
pr in the
fishery harbour complex. Each net mending shed is of 10.23 m wide and 20.232 m
long with a plinth area of 206.95 sqm in addition to open land space of over 1,000
sq.m on either side of the net mending shed for spreading and drying of nets.
These net mending sheds are aligned longitudinally more or less in the east-west
east
direction so that the fishermen sitting under the
the open net mending shed are not
exposed to direct sunlight and are located behind the idle-berthing
idle berthing quay as shown
in harbour layoutDrg.No.
Drg.No.AP- PUDI /03.
The building plan and elevation of the net mending shed is shown in Drg.No.AP-
PUDI /13. The basis for arriving at the plinth area of the net mending sheds is that
each boat would need 3 sq.m of floor space for net mending. Dwarf cut-offcut wall
provided in the middle of the net mending sheds in the longitudinal direction
divides the floor space in two halves
halves so that the floor can be effectively used by
the fishermen for spreading of their nets on either side of the net mending shed.
shed
8.8.7 Boat Repair shop

hops
Twoboat repair shopsof

of total plinth area of 190.68 sqm are provided. One repair
shop is at Repair Quay for attending minor repairs and another at boat
building/boat repair area for attending to all types of repairs including

electrical/electronic/mechanical repairs, checking up of lubricants and cooling
system
ystem of the engines of fishing vessels in addition to boat building activities as
may be seen in the harbour layout Drg.No.AP- PUDI /03. The building plan and
elevation of the boat repair shop are shown in Drg.No.AP- PUDI /14.
The building has the office

office space for workshop supervisor and his support staff
together with essential mechanical and electrical repairs/maintenance sections,
stores etc., to undertake the necessary boat repair/boat building activities.
8.8.8 Restaurant
Restaurant is required for those working in the fishery harbour premises and
visitors to have refreshment and food.
foo As such, a restaurant of 127.70sq.m
127.70 plinth
area is provided in the public utility module of the fishery harbour complex near
administrative office building.
building. The proposed restaurant has kitchen, store, service
in addition to terrace and lawn space and other provision for public conveniences
like waiters room, wash basins, water closet/urinals etc. Drg.No.AP-
Drg.No. PUDI /16
gives the details of restaurant building.
building
For the sake of public health, hygiene and to provide nutritional food, the
restaurant would be maintained in clean condition with greeneries and kept under
regular supervision. The location of restaurant is shown in the harbour layout
Drg.No.AP- PUDI /03..
8.8.9 Fishermen Rest

est shed
The fishermen need rest after they come from each fishing trip, unloading,un
auctioning process etc. Fishermen job is hard and fatiguing and they have to leave
at night or early morning hours for fishing when the conditions for fishing voyages
are favorable.. They are also required to keep watch on their boats lying on the
quayside. There would also be homeless
homeless fishermen who have temporarily migrated
from other fishery centres and made their fishing base from Pudimadaka fishery
harbour during the peak fishing season. Therefore, rest shed for fishermenis
fishermen needed
for resting/recreation
recreation purposes. As such, two fishermen rest shed of each 213.44
sqm plinth area is provided in the harbour layout Drg.No.AP- PUDI /03.
Details of fishermen rest shed are shown in Drg.No.AP- PUDI /17.

/ The rest shed
is provided with facilities like bathing, washing, toilet and urinals for the
occupants. These rest sheds would also be useful as fishermen community centres
for multi-purpose
purpose activities.
8.8.10 Public Toilet blocks

locks
From the sanitation point of view and essentially

essentially for maintaining a cleaner fishery
harbour, adequate lavatories, urinals and bathing facilities need to be provided
near places where people tend to concentrate in large numbers. For this purpose,
two public toilet blocks each with a plinth area of67.73sq.m

sq.m are proposed, one
each near beach landing area and the other near ETP as shown in the harbour
layout Drg.No. AP- VODU /03. These provisions are in addition to the usual
toilet and bathing facilities provided in the fishermen's rest sheds and other
o
buildings.
The interior details of the toilet block are shown in Drg.No.AP

AP- PUDI /18and
modeled to operate on pay and use basis so that toilets are managed and
maintained in a clean and hygienic manner. The toilet provides for public
conveniences like lavatories, urinals and bathing facilities to both sections of
ladies and gents.
8.8.11 Fish Merchants

Merc Dormitory
Dormitory facility would be needed for the fish merchants, traders operating from
the fishery harbour and for those visiting harbour on regular business trips. Since
Pudimadaka fishery harbour site is located 8 km away from Achuthapuram the
nearest town, lodging and boarding facilities would be desirable right at the fishery
harbour project site so that the business community is able to coordinate their
activities from within the fishery harbour complex. As such, a fish merchant’s
dormitory of 265.77sq.m
sq.m plinth area is provided within the fishery harbour
complex as shown in harbour layout Drg.No.AP- PUDI /03.
The building provides for single/double rooms and dormitory hall to accommodate
more persons. Further, dining facilities, reception,
reception, waiting lounge, kitchen, store
for food provisions, dish wash, bathing, toilet facilities etc., are added to the
dormitory. Since the dormitory would be built on a framed column structure, more
floors can be added later, if found necessary. Details of dormitory building are
shown in Drg.No.AP- PUDI /15.
8.8.12 Coastal Police Station
To strengthen the security along the costline and harbour complex and in
accordance to a nation-wide
wide initiative to enhance security along the coastal areas,
it is proposed to set up coastal
coasta police station in the harbour. The coastal police
force will be helpful in dealing the security of the coasts and conduct patrolling in
the sea up to 5 mautical miles and addresss the critical gap in the policing of our
Coast and close Coastal waters by providing the State Police Forces the capability
to Police close Coastal waters and the Coast line. i.e. the Sea border of the country.
The subject of Coastal Security assumes importance
importance and the Coastal Security
Scheme is one of the means for strengthening our ability to prevent and curb the
terrorist and anti- national activities. The detail of the building with plinth area of
about 121.60 sm is shown in Drg No.AP- PUDI /24.
8.8.13 Radio-communication
ommunication tower
A radio-communication
communication tower is very much required in a fishery harbour to
coordinate the shore-to--ship and ship-to-shore
shore communication between the fishing
vessels, to keep watch and regulate fishing vessel’s movements within the fishery
harbour complex, to disseminate information to fishermen relating to exact fishing
grounds,
s, movement of fish shoals, navigation hazards etc., and to guide/extend
necessary assistance to the fishing boats making distress calls from far off sea.
Radio-communication
communication tower is proposed near the outfitting quay module which is
central to the quays on the waterside as shown in harbour layoutDrg.No.
layout AP-
PUDI /03. The radio-communication
communication tower of a total built up area of 83sq.m in
ground and first floor shown in Drg.No.AP- PUDI /19would would be equipped with
skilled technicians, VHF instruments and other equipment to provide round-the-
round
clock service and two-way
way communication to fishing boat operators. The radio-
communication tower would make necessary arrangements for display of signals,
flags and lamps to provide useful weather information and cyclone warning
war services
to fishermen community and caution them not to venture in to the sea during rough
weather conditions. In addition, the radio-communication
radio communication tower would also be
used to monitor the weather parameters and thus act as a local meteorological
observatory
vatory station whose results and findings could be used by fishery harbour
authorities and other user departments.
8.8.14 Security/Guard house and Compound wall
Security/guard house is needed to check the entry and exit of vehicles and visitors
in the fishery harbour complex. It also serves to ensure that the vehicles carrying
fish loads and other fish products leave the harbour premises after paying the toll
tax/fee.
fee. Guard house proposed is of 27.2sq.m
sq.m plinth area whose details are shown
in Drg.No.AP- PUDI /20 20.
Further, the proposed fishery harbour complex is to be secured from intruders and
squatters. As such, it is proposed to provide a compound wall of 1287m on the
landside to provide security for the fishery harbour complex. Harbour layout
Drg.No.AP- PUDI /033shows shows the location of security/guard house at the main
entrance gate to fishery harbour complex and the extent of compound wall. The
compound wall is off 230 mm thick brick masonry wall in CM 1:6 with 150 mm
thick concrete coping at top. Over the compound wall barbed wire fence is
provided. Cross section of compound wall is shown in Drg.No.APAP- PUDI /22.
8.8.15Approach road
oad and internalroads
Presently there is approach road only uptoPudimadaka

upto village. Another one
kilometer length of approach road is required to reach the site.
site. Within the fishery
harbour complex, the internal roads of sufficient width to cater to two-lane
two traffic
are proposed. Both double
double lane and single lane asphalted roads are proposed.
These roads are proposed to be of asphalted road.. The road sections are shown in
Drg.No.AP- PUDI /22 22. The roads demarcate the limit of utility buildings and
areas. The road widths shown in the harbour layout drawing include the pedestrian
path over the covered storm drains and vehicular traffic lanes. The length of road
proposed are 3180m m double lane and 762m single lane,, in addition to 795m of
approach road.. The arrangement of internal road network is shown in Drg.
No.AP- PUDI /03.
8.8.16Parking areas
reas for vehicles
Traders and consumers visit the fishery harbour daily on their vehicles like trucks,
vans, auto rickshaws, scooters, bi-cycles,
bi tri-cycles
cycles etc., for buying, collecting and
transporting fish and fish products to nearby fish markets and consuming centres.
In addition, there will be vehicles connected with the fishery industry bringing ice
and other commodities. Therefore, adequate vehicle parking area in the form of
concrete surface is provided separatelybehind
behind theproposed fish auction hallshall for
MFVs as well as for traditional boats.
boats
The total area earmarked for vehicle parking behind the proposed fish auction halls
hall
in concrete surface of 10,813.75Sq.m
Sq.m is shown in harbour layout Drg.No.AP-
PUDI /03. The cross section ofWBM
of surface is shown in Drg.No.AP-
Drg.No. PUDI /22.
In addition, the buildings located within the fishery harbour complex provide for
enough space to accommodate vehicle parking areas within the plot areas
designated for these buildings.
buildings
8.8.17 Boat Parking/Repair yard
During non-fishing season, some of the migratory fishing vessels vessel from
Pudimadaka fishery harbour may like to return to their original base whereas the
native fishing boats will be parked in the fishery harbour complex. During this
period, the fishing boats need to be pulled on to shore for regular maintenance and
repairs to hull, engine etc.
For the above purposes, open land space of65,332

of sqm are provided for parking
and repair of FRP boats and MFVs.. The boat parking/repair yards have
maneuvering lanes of WBM roads of adequate width for transportation of boats.
Thus, the transfer of fishing vessels from water to land to their designated plots in
the yard through RC sloping hard and vice-versa
vice is made easy. Further, the
individual boat parking/repairing plots have enough land space on all the four sides
for conveniently attending to boat repair/parking. Repair quay is provided in the
layout as shown will be used for engine and other small repairs. The boat
parking/repair yard is shown in harbour layout Drg.No.AP- PUDI /03. From the
cost considerations, the roads within the boat parking/repair yard would be of
WBM surface whose cross sectional details are shown in Drg.No.AP-
Drg.No. PUDI /22.
8.8.18 Fresh water supply and distribution system
During the operation of fishery harbour, fresh water supply must be adequate to
meet the requirements of fishing vessels to carry on their fishing trips, for
production of ice, industrial and domestic use. The water used
used by vessels, fish
industries, domestic purposes and ice making must be potable and of accepted
drinking water standards.
Daily fresh water requirement for the fishery harbour is computed below:
A. For Motorised Craft
9 m Motorised Craft conducting 1-day fishing trip at 50 litres/boat/day
= 700/2 x 100 = 35,000
35 litres
B. For Fishing vessels
18 m trawler vessels conducting 12 days fishing trip at 250 litres/boat/day
litres
= (200/12 x 250 ) = 4,167 say 5,000 litres
C. For Fishing vessels
24m tuna long line vessels conducting 12 days fishing trip at
600litres/boat/day
= (30/12 x 500)) = 1,250litres
D. For ice plant (20 tonne ice capacity/day)
Considering 2 days reserve ice capacity, 20,000 litres x 2 days = 40,000
litres
E. For fishermen and fishery industry people working within the fishery
harbour complex.
5,000 Nos. x 15 litres/day = 75,000 litres
E. For future fish processing industries to be located within the fishery
harbour complex
Fresh water requirement in the fish processing industries will be nearly 2 to 3
times the fish to be handled in these plants. Since the exact capacity of these
industries is not known at present, freshwater requirement is tentatively taken as
50,000 litres.
Total daily fresh water requirement (A+B+C+D+E)

= (35,000+5,000+1,250
1,250+40,000+75,000+50,000) = 2,06,2500 liters
Provide one Over Head

ead Tank (ELSR) of capacity 2 lakh liters pumping twice
daily.
The proposed fishery harbour complex has provision for two overhead water tank
capacity of 200 K-liters
liters. Similar one sump (GLSR of 60,000 liters capacity is
provided.A separate pumping station with freshwater distribution system is
provided in the fishery harbour. Fresh water would be pumped 2 times daily from
the ground water sumps and stored in the overhead tank. Uninterrupted power
supply to pump freshwater from the sumps is ensured through electric power
failing which diesel gen-set
gen set would supply the required power to pump water from
the sump at any time.
Bulk supply of freshwater to fishing boats at the outfitting quay is provided by

extending water pipes to the quay face and making available the required number
of fresh water outlets. The freshwater overhead tank is located close to the
outfitting module as shown in Drg.No.AP- PUDI /03such such that fresh water can be
distributed to outfitting
utfitting quay, fish auction hall and other buildings.
The demand for freshwater for maintaining greeneries and for boat washing would
be fully/partially met from the proposed rainwater harvesting system within the
fishery harbour complex. For this, surface
surface runoff from the concrete paved surfaces,
hard surfaces and from storm water drains provided on either side of the internal
road sections would be collected and stored in the concrete rainwater collection
sumps at suitable places in the fishery harbour complex.
c
8.8.19 Sea water supply

upply and distribution system
Quantum of water required in fish handling and auction hall for cleaning fresh
fish, floor cleaning and fish box washing would be manifold compared to water
required for personal use. Therefore, clean and bacteria-free
free seawater could be
used for cleaning of fish, floor cleaning and fish box washing to save fresh water.
Therefore, clean and bacteria free seawater drawn from the shallow tube wells is
proposed as an alternative. The daily requirement of seawater in the fishery
harbour is computed as below:
1. Fish washing
Taken at 1 liters/kg
/kg of fish handled in auction hall in peak season per day
={(700 x 222 x 1x0.9x1.2)/2 + (200x4000 x 1x0.9x1.2)/12 1 +
(30x6000x1x0.9x1.2
x0.9x1.2)/12}
= (83,916+ 72,000 + 16,200)
= 1,72,116litres
2. Cleaning of fish auction hall premises
Taken at 5 litres/sq.m of floor area/day (considering 50% less for high
pressure cleaning systems)
= 5x(779+565+1119
+1119)x50%
= 6,157.5 say 6,160litres
6,160
3. Fish box washing

Taken at 10 litres/box/ day (considering 50% less for high pressure cleaning
system)
= 10 x 0.50(34,000
34,000/25) + 10 x 0.5(14,500/25) + 10 x 0.5(27,000
27,000/25)
=6800 + 2900+54 5400= 15,100litres
Total = 1,72,116 + 6,160 + 15,100 = 1,93,376 say 2 lakhlitres

litres
A separate pumping station with seawater distribution system is proposed in the

fishery harbour. Unpolluted and bacteria-free
bacteria free seawater would be pumped from the
shallow tube well through electric power failing which diesel gen-set
gen would
supply the required power
power to pump water from the tube well to provide
uninterrupted water supply.
In places like boat parking/repair yard, boat building and timber yard where
wooden boats and wood articles are stored, there is always the possibility of fire
mishaps. In order too fight fire, seawater would be quite economical and avoid
wastage of potable water for such purposes. In addition, quantity of seawater could
always be substantiated by pumping seawater for more hours.As part of seawater
distribution, fire hydrants would be installed at strategic locations all along the
boat building and boat parking/repair yards.
8.8.20 Drainage/Sewerage and wastewater treatment system

ystem
The storm and surface water from road surface would be collected in the storm
water drains proposed along both sides of roads. The sewage water from the fish
handling and auction hall and other shore based infrastructures of the entire fishery
harbour complex need pretreatment before disposal. As such it would be necessary
to have separate drainage and sewerage systems for both storm water and sewage.
Effluent collected from the fish handling and auction hall at the end of the sewers
would be given secondary
secondary treatment in a specially built effluent treatment facility
to be set up at one corner of the fishery harbour complex and the output of the
treatment plant after treatment to tolerable limits will be discharged into the sea
water.
The wastewater treatment

treatme plant would include fully covered RC tanks for
collecting effluent water taking into account hydraulic gradient, site elevation and
outfall into sea, screening, grit removal, settling tank, de-sledging
sledging tank, filtering
through up-flow
flow filter bed device and
and finally disinfect the overflowing effluent in
chlorine sea. Outfall would be designed hydraulically to meet the future design
flows. The wastewater treatment plant would be designed to be aesthetically
attractive and visually compatible with the surrounding
surrounding area and land uses.
The conceptual layout of the wastewater treatment system in a plot area of

870sq.m
sq.m sufficient for the installation of the required capacity of wastewater
treatment system is shown in fishery harbour layout Drg.No.AP-
Drg.No. PUDI /03.
However, the specific requirement and details of the wastewater treatment system
need to be worked out at the time of actual project implementation. Other
buildings in the fishery harbour complex with conveniences like WC/urinal, bath
and wash water have facility
acility for primary treatment in septic tanks of appropriate
size and in turn connected to municipal sewerage system. Sewer lines, inspection
chambers and manholes would be built wherever required in the fishery harbour
complex to collect and guide sewage.
Provision made for the solid/wet waste collection includes the air-tight
air PVC
containers and receptacles placed in strategic locations of the fishery harbour
depending on the type of solid waste (organic and inorganic) being generated in
the fishery harbour
our complex. On the quayside, spent engine oil would be collected
in special double-walled
walled containers and placed inside the spent engine oil
reception shed located near the outfitting facilities.
Similarly, by the side of the spent engine oil reception shed,

shed, provision is made for
the collection of toxic waste such as lead acid starter batteries, dry cells etc.,
protected from sun and rain in a toxic waste reception shed, where water-tight
water
containers are placed until the toxic waste is taken out for further disposal. Bilge
oil water separator is placed at one corner of the outfitting quay where bilge water
would be pumped from the fishing boats in to the bilge oil water separator for
removal of oil from the water. The location of the spent engine oil reception
recepti shed,
toxic waste reception shed and the bilge water separator are shown in the fishery
harbour layout Drg.No.AP AP- PUDI /03.
The storm water drains for surface water runoff built on either side of the road are
covered with pre-cast
cast concrete slabs to serve
se as pedestrians’ foot--path.
8.8.21 Electric power

ower and lighting system
During peak fishing season the fishery harbour is expected to be operative round
the clock. Hence, fish landing, outfitting, idle-berthing
idle berthing jetties and repair quays
need to be well lit for easy access by the fishermen and fishing boats. Walkways
and approaches to the fish landing, outfitting, idle-berthing
idle berthing jetties and repair quays
need to be lighted for safety and security reasons. Power plug points need to be
provided at the idle-berthing
rthing jetties for plug-in
plug in service so that the vessels can draw
power from main electricity supply while idle-berthing
idle berthing in order to save their
battery power. Three-phase
phase electric power supply is required for ice plants,
refrigeration equipment etc. In addition,
addition, electric power is required for street
lighting, illuminating vehicle parking areas, fish auction hall and other individual
buildings etc.
Provision is made for the electric power supply, general lighting and 11 KVA
electric substation within the fishery
fishery harbour complex. The location for installation
of electrical substation and transformer is shown in the fishery harbour layout
Drg.No.AP- PUDI /033near near the entrance gate and security house in the fishery
harbour. High mast lights would be installed near quays/jetties, traffic junctions
and important places. To tide over emergency situation like general electric power
shut downs/breakdowns, the important buildings like fish handling and auction
hall, ice plant, fishery administrative office and freshwater
freshwater and seawater pumping
stations would be supplied with power by standby diesel gen-sets.
gen sets.
8.8.22 Ice plant and chilled

hilled storage
It is the present practice of the trawlers and tuna long line performing12
performing days
fishing trip to carry at least3tonneof
least ice per trip.. At this rate, the fishing boats
would need about95 tons
ton of ice per day. The demand for ice could further increase
if the fish catch improves after the construction of fishery harbour. As such, in the
proposed fishery harbour provision is made for construction of two ice plants one
cold storage close to the outfitting quay and fish auction hall as shown in harbour
layout Drg.No.AP- PUDI /03. The details of Ice plant and cold storages are
shown inDrg.No.AP- PUDI /23.
8.8.23 Civic amenity sites

ites
Fishermen require essentials such as fish nets, baskets, sinkers, buoys, anchors,
ropes, automobile/machinery parts/products etc., for their fishing vessels and gear.
The fishermen also need to carry food provisions before going on a fishing trip.
Therefore,e, marine supply and provision stores are required to be set up in the
fishery harbour complex. It is also necessary for the mechanised fishing vessels to
possess onboard electronic equipment such as fish finder, echo sounder, walkie-
walkie
talkies, radio, electronic
onic position finder etc.
Apart from the above services, the proposed fishery harbour needs civic amenities
such as food courts/outlets, tea/coffee and soft drink dispensers, post and telegraph
facilities including telephone, fax and e-mail
e and internet cafes, medical stores and
health services, financial institutions such as banks preferably with automated
teller machines (ATMs), institutions extending credit/insurance services etc. Since
large number of people congregate in a fishery harbour during peak fishing season,
a police outpost may be required to maintain law and order and to thwart any
untoward incidents effectively.
To meet the above demands, the the proposed fishery harbour provides for civic
amenity sitesof 11,757.5 sqm area in public utility module
dule for setting up the above
mentioned services within
within the fishery harbour complex as shown in harbour layout
Drg.No.AP- PUDI /03.. The provision made is only for the land as the investment
for actual civic amenity facilities/shops is expected to come up from the user
groups like private entrepreneurs, governmental and non-governmental
non governmental agencies.
In addition to vendor shops, the civic amenity site would have open spaces for
greeneries, vehicle parking area etc.
8.8.24 Fire extinguishers
In case of outbreak of fire at any location within the harbour complex by any
reason it is necessary to extinguish the fire at the instant without waiting for fire
brigade. For this reason fire extinguishers are necessary to be installed at important
locations. They should be clearly visible to the public and easily accessible. A list
of fire extinguishers containing information like type of extinguisher,
extingu the type of
fire for which it is suitable, brief method of operation, their location in the harbour
complex, date of renewal, etc. could be displayed at the entrance and at places
where extinguishers are placed. Bucket filled with sand may be employed
employ at some
places. Similarly fire hydrants should be clearly marked for easy access and
located at main junctions.
8.8.25 Greenery and Landscaping
Greeneries cultivated inside the fishery harbour complex act as a lung space within
the periphery of the harbour complex and the presence of green foliage would
purify the air, increase the oxygen level and refresh the atmosphere. Greenery also
enhance the aesthetics and beauty of the surrounding environment.For
environment this purpose
the proposed fishery harbour provides an open land spaces of 12,595 sqm area in
the harbour complex for landscaping. This will help to a great extent in
maintaining pollution levels well
well within the permissible limits of environmental
norms. Entrance to the fishery harbour complex near the main gate will also be
given suitable facelift and landscaping to welcome the visitors to a well
maintained and cleaner fishery harbour.
CHAPTER-9
PROJECT COST ESTIMATE
9.1 Unit Rates
The need for developing a fishery harbour at Pudimadaka site with the required
waterside and landside facilities keeping in mind the existing site conditions and
fishery related activities has been explained in the preceding chapters supported by
required project drawings, calculations and description of the facilities.
The abstract cost estimate of the fishery harbour project delineating the various
watersideand landside facilities may be seen at para 8-2. Against each of the
harbour components,the unit quantities and costs are indicated in the abstract cost
estimate based on the lineestimates worked out for these items, wherever possible.
The waterside facilities provided in the abstract cost estimate include northern and
southern rubble mound training walls, quay structures like fish landing, outfitting,
idle berthing and repair quays, dredging of harbour basin area, sloping hard and
navigational aids.
The landside facilities provided include land reclamation with dredged material
and borrowed earth, fish handling and auction hall including fish loading and
vehicle parking areas for MFVs, Tuna and FRPs; seawater pumping and
distribution system for cleaning of fish auction hall and fish boxes, fishery
administrative office, fishermen gear sheds, sheltered net mending sheds and net
drying areas, boat repair shop, boat parking/repair yard, boat building yards,
restaurant for fishermen and harbor users, fishermen rest shed, ice plant, coastal
police station, community hall, commercial complex, dormitory, guest house,
public toilet blocks, internal fresh water storage, supply and distribution system,
drainage and sewage system including septic tanks, soak pits, roadside dust bins,
storm water drains including wastewater treatment system, electric power and
lighting, security/ guard house including main gate and compound wall to
delineate the fishery harbour complex area and to secure the harbour complex
from intruders, radio-communication tower etc.,
Provision made for the drainage and sewerage including the wastewater treatment
system in the fishery harbour complex and for some other items is on lump sum
basis and actual details would be worked out at the time of project implementation.
The State Government is expected to provide the minimum basic facilities like
fresh water and electric power supply from the nearest available sources to the
fishery harbour complex and bear the costs on the same from State funds. The land
area contained within the proposed fishery harbour complex is said to be
belonging to State Govt.
The quays and other shore structures in the fishery harbour complex hasbeen
planned, designed on the basis of subsoil and field data.
data A lump sum provision has
been made for Consultancy charges for preparation of Detailed Project Report
including Subsoil investigations, field datadata collection, model studies and
Environmental impact assessment studies.
studies
In addition to the above, the proposed fishery harbour complex provides for
putting up greenery and landscaping in open spaces at various locations
throughout the complex area to improve aesthetics and beautify the fishery
harbour complex area.
Provision is to be made for the cost of environmental monitoring plan and

mitigation measures. While constructing the fishery harbour from the viewpoint of
environmental protection. Further, the abstract cost estimate of the project would
include the contingencies and work charged establishment charges at the rate of
3% and 2% of the project cost respectively.
respect
9.2 Abstract Cost Estimate
The total cost of construction of harbour facilities works out to Rs 353.10

crores.The
The unit rates furnished for the items are based on the Andhra Pradesh
schedule of rates for Building, Irrigation and Public Health Engineering
Engi for the
year 2018-19,, which are applicable for the current financial year also. While
computing the cost of different construction material like stone, sand, cement,
bricks, borrowed earth etc., final rates have been arrived taking into account the
basic rate at the quarry site and the other factors like additional lead, lift, loading
and unloading charges, taxes, duties etc., Theabstract cost estimate is given below.
Annexure I
Sl. Rate Amount
Description Unit Quantity
No. (Rs.) (Rs.)
1 Training Wall/Breakwaters
i) Northern Breakwater Rm 1,075.00 8,13,488.37 87,45,00,000
ii) Southern Breakwater Rm 1,054.00 8,14,990.51 85,90,00,000
2 Dredging and Disposal Cum 6,39,505.73 300.01 19,18,60,000
3 Reclamation and levelling
i) Reclamation with dredged Cum 17,100.00 180.19 30,81,227
material/available earth upto +2.50m
ii) Reclamation with borrowed earth Cum 1,21,700.00 1,269.40 15,44,85,972
(good earth or gravel) +2.5m to +3.0m
4 Quays
a) Piled structure Rm 671.00 3,05,722.80 20,51,40,000
b) Diaphragm Wall Rm 254.00 4,63,703.19 11,77,80,610
5 Traffic areas and surfacing
a) Approach road with embankment Sqm 11,130.00 6,004.49 6,68,30,000
b) Asphalt roads within the harbour
complex
i) Double lane Sqm 44,508.94 4,926.20 21,92,60,000
ii) Single lane Sqm 12,874.94 1,867.19 2,40,40,000
b) WBM surface Sqm 73,738.80 953.09 7,02,80,000
i) Vehicle parking area behind the fish Sqm 10,813.75 3,067.39 3,31,70,000
auction hall
c) Concrete surface-Fish
Fish loading area Sqm 1,385.04 2,570.33 35,60,000
Fish Handling and Auction Hall for Sqm 1,558.60 24,306.44 3,78,84,000
6 MFVs
Fish Handling and Auction Hall FRP Sqm 565.00 24,000.00 1,35,60,000
7 boats
8 Tuna Fish Handling and Packing Hall Sqm 1,119.46 19,999.79 2,23,89,000
9 Fishery Administrative Office Sqm 162.56 25,457.30 41,38,400

Fishermen gear sheds ( 6Nos.x161.3 Sqm 967.80 20,644.76 1,99,80,000
10 Sqm)
Net mending sheds ( 3Nos.x206.95 Sqm 620.85 10,433.44 64,77,600
11 Sqm)
Fishermen rest sheds (2Nos.x213.40 Sqm 426.80 28,967.31 1,23,63,246
12 Sqm)
13 Boat repair shop ( 2 Nos.x95.34 Sqm) Sqm 190.68 18,145.58 34,60,000
14 Restaurant Sqm 127.70 26,076.74 33,30,000
15 Dormitory Sqm 265.77 21,325.12 56,67,578
16 RC sloping hard Sqm 1,950.00 6,374.36 1,24,30,000
17 Security/guard House Sqm 27.24 33,000.73 8,98,940
18 Compound wall Rm 1,287.00 5,112.67 65,80,000
19 Radio Communication Tower Sqm 199.82 27,643.44 55,23,712
20 Public Toilet (2Nos.x67.73) Sqm 135.46 29,426.94 39,86,173
Sl. Rate Amount

Description Unit Quantity
No. (Rs.) (Rs.)
21 Coastal Police Station Sqm 121.60 28,782.89 35,00,000
25 Ice Plant (1 Nos.x381.34) Sqm 381.34 23,717.64 90,44,485
26 Fish Drying Yard Sqm 1,649.84 9,376.67 1,54,70,000
27 Beach landing area Sqm 14,370.40 1,969.32 2,82,99,890
28 Precast kerb for beach landing area Rm 285.23 10,651.16 30,38,031
Navigational and radio-communication
communication
LS 5,00,000
29 equipment
Electric power supply and distribution
As per detail
including electric substation and 1,14,00,000
estimate
30 general lighting
Fresh water storage, supply and
distribution with ground water sumps, As per detail
99,30,000
pump house and overhead tank estimate
31
Seawater supply and distribution with
As per detail
shallow water tube well, pump house 15,00,000
estimate
32 and overhead tank
Drainage and sewerage including
effluent treatment plant, storm water As per detail
3,00,00,000
drains and cross drainage works estimate
33
34 Water purification (RO) Plant LS 5,00,000
Greeneries and landscaping in front of
main gate and at other places LS 30,00,000
35
Fire extinguishers, fire hydrants and
other equipment LS 10,00,000
36
Consultency charges for preparation of
Detailed Project Report including
Subsoil investigations, field data
LS 10,00,00,000
collection, model studies anf
Environmental impact assessment
37 studies
Environmental mitigation measures
LS 20,00,000
38 and monitoring
Sub Total Rs. 3,20,08,38,864
Add 5% for cost escalation 16,00,41,943
Sub Total Rs. 3,36,08,80,807
Add 3 % for Contingencies Rs. 10,08,26,424
Add 2 % for Work charged Rs. 6,92,34,145
establishment charges
Total Rs. 3,53,09,41,376
Say 353.1 Crores
ANNEXURE A
Demarcation of High Tide Line and Low

Tide Line

DPR - Pudimadaka

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

DPR - Pudimadaka

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

GOVERNMENT OF ANDHRA PRADESH

DETAIL PROJECT REPORT

CHAPTER 2 FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA

2.1 General ......................................................... 5

CHAPTER-3 OVERVIEW OF ANDHRA PRADESH FISHERY SECTOR

3.1 General ....................................................... 13

CHAPTER-4 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

4.1 Introduction ....................................................... 18

CHAPTER – 5 ECONOMIC EVALUATION

5.1 Introduction ................................

CHAPTER 6 ENGINEERING INVESTIGATIONS

6.1 Introduction ....................................................... 62

6.10 Wave climate ................................

CHAPTER 7 HYDRODYNAMICS MODELLING STUDY

7.1 Hydrodynamic Modelling Study ..................................................... 103

7.2 Scope of Work ................................

7.3 Project Datum and Conventions ..................................................... 104

7.4 Data Sources ................................

7.5 Hydrodynamic Model Setup ..................................................... 109

7.6 Conclusions ................................

CHAPTER 8 DESIGN OF FISHERY HARBOUR

8.1 Design fishing fleet size ..................................................... 116

8.3 Depth of the Harbour ................................................................

8.8.11 Fish Merchants Dormitory ................................

8.8.13 Radio-communication tower ...................................................

8.8.25 Greenery and Landscaping .....................................................

CHAPTER 9 PROJECT COST ESTIMATE

9.1 Unit Rates ..................................................... 143

AP - PUDI /01 : Map showing location and approaches to the site

Sl. Anakapalle Narsipatnam Visakhapatnam

1 Anakapalle Achutapuram Ananthagiri Anandapuram

2 Butchayyapeta Golugonda Araku Valley Bheemunipatnam

3 Cheedikada Kotauratla Chintapalle Gajuwaka

4 Chodavaram Makavarapalem Dumbriguda Padmanabham

5 Deverapalle Nakkapalle G.Madugula Paravada

6 K.Kotapadu Nathavaram Gudem Kotha Pedagantyada

7 Kasimkota Narsipatnam Hukumpeta Pendurthi

8 Madugula Payakaraopeta Koyyuru Sabbavaram

9 Munagapaka Rambilli Munchingi Puttu Visakhapatnam (rural)

10 Ravikamatham S.Rayavaram Paderu Visakhapatnam

11 Rolugunta Yelamanchili Peda Bayalu

Pudimadaka fishery centre is located at Atchutapuram

Total population of Atchutapuram

FIGURE 1: VISAKHAPATNAM DISTRICT MAP

The detailed economic investigation at the project site provided information an

FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA

Importance of the fisheries sector to the Indian economy is widely acknowledged.

sector. Objectives for future fisheries development include enhancing fish

2.2 Fishery Resources

Fisheries Resources of India – at a glance

Tanks and ponds (lakh ha) 24.3276

2.3 Marine Fisheries

Marine fisheries is a renewable resource and is considered to be a pro-poor pro

According to the Handbook on Fisheries Statistics, 2014 brought out by

Fishing Craft in India

Mechanized Traditional non-

Mechanized Traditional non-

2.4 Fish Production and Trend

Globally India's share in fisheries production in 2012-13

Fish Production in India and the World

Capture fish Aquaculture

million tonnes in 1950--51 to 3.321 million tonnes in 2012-13 13 with an average

Fish Production in India (2004-05