Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Unit 3 Lesson 1 The Normal Random Variable Updated
Unit 3 Lesson 1 The Normal Random Variable Updated
Unit 3 Lesson 1 The Normal Random Variable Updated
The Normal
Random Variable
Objectives
Review Questions:
Variance of a Discrete Random Variable (Unit 2 Lesson 3)
1. What is the 1st and 2nd column before getting the Mean of
a Discrete Random variable?
2. What is the formula for the Mean of a Discrete Random
Variable (3rd column) ?
Essential Questions
Review Questions:
Variance of a Discrete Random Variable (Unit 2 Lesson 3)
1. What is the 1st and 2nd column before getting the Mean of a Discrete Random variable?
2. What is the formula for the Mean of a Discrete Random Variable (3rd column) ?
Essential Questions
Direction: Calculate the average of the final grades of each subject in the table.
Calculator is allowed to use.
Essential Questions
Direction: Calculate the average of the final grades of each subject in the table.
Calculator is allowed to use.
Essential Questions
Direction: Calculate the average of the final grades of each subject in the table.
Calculator is allowed to use.
Essential Questions
Guide Questions:
1. Is the grade in Math above or below the average? What does this say about his
performance in Math?
2. Do you think it is important to compare his grade to the average grade?
Warm Up!
Please go to https://www.desmos.com/calculator
Warm Up!
1 𝑥−𝜇 2
1 −
a. Using the function 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑒 2 𝜎 ,
𝜎 2𝜋
1 𝑥−𝜇 2
1 −
a. Using the function 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑒 2 𝜎,
𝜎 2𝜋
1. Substitute 𝜇 = 2 and 𝜎 = 1.
2. Using the same function and 𝜇 = 2, use 𝜎 = 2.
3. Using the same function and 𝜇 = 2, use 𝜎 = 0.5.
● Compare the graph of 𝑓(𝑥) in (1), (2), and (3). Which graph
has the steepest curve?
Normal Distribution
1 a continuous probability distribution where most of the scores tend to be closer
to the mean
Note:
The term normal refers to the fact that this kind of
distribution occurs in many different kinds of common
measurements.
Learn about It!
Normal Distribution
1 a continuous probability distribution where most of the scores tend to be closer
to the mean
Example:
The height of people in a population follows a normal
distribution.
Learn about It!
Normal Curve
3
1 represents a normal distribution which is defined by the following probability
density function
1 1 𝑥−𝜇 2
−2 𝜎
𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑒
𝜎 2𝜋
where
𝝁 (pronounced as “mu”) represents the mean of the distribution;
𝝈 (pronounced as “sigma”) represents the standard deviation of the
distribution;
𝝅 represents a constant which is approximately equal to 𝟑. 𝟏𝟒𝟏𝟓𝟗 …;
and
𝒆 (Euler’s number) is the natural number which is approximately
equal to 𝟐. 𝟕𝟏𝟖𝟐𝟖 … .
Learn about It!
Solution:
1. Determine whether the score is above or below the mean.
Solution:
2. Determine the scores, one, two, and three standard
deviations below the mean.
Try It!
Solution:
2. Determine the scores, one, two, and three standard
deviations below the mean.
Try It!
Solution:
One standard deviation below the mean:
𝜇 − 𝜎 = 95 − 7.6
= 87.4
Try It!
Solution:
Two standard deviations below the mean:
𝜇 − 2𝜎 = 95 − 2(7.6)
= 79.8
Try It!
Solution:
Three standard deviations below the mean:
𝜇 − 3𝜎 = 95 − 3(7.6)
= 72.2
Try It!
Solution:
3. Locate the score by comparing it to the scores one, two,
and three standard deviations below the mean.
Solution:
Thus, we can say that the score lies between the score two standard
deviations below the mean and the score three standard deviations below
the mean. As an inequality,
𝝁 − 𝟑𝝈 < 𝟕𝟓 < 𝝁 − 𝟐𝝈
Try It!
𝝁 − 𝟑𝝈 < 𝟕𝟓 < 𝝁 − 𝟐𝝈
72.2 < 75 < 79.8
Try It!
Solution:
1. Determine the function to be used.
Solution:
2. Substitute the given values of the variables.
Solution:
Thus, we have
1 1 𝑥−12 2
−
𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑒 2 3
3 2𝜋
Try It!
Solution:
Thus, we have
1 1 𝑥−12 2
−
𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑒 2 3
3 2𝜋
𝟏 −
𝟏
𝒙−𝟏𝟐 𝟐
𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒆 𝟏𝟖
𝟑 𝟐𝝅
Try It!
Practice 1:
In a set of scores, 𝜇 = 25 and 𝜎 = 2.3.
Find the scores
one, two, and three standard deviations above the mean
and the scores
one, two, and three standard deviations below the mean.
Try It!
Practice 1:
Since 𝜇 = 25 and 𝜎 = 2.3 are
given, we can determine the
scores several standard
deviations above or below the
mean by adding or
subtracting multiples of the
standard deviation from the
mean
Try It!
Practice 1:
Since 𝜇 = 25 and 𝜎 = 2.3 are
given, we can determine the
scores several standard
deviations above or below the
mean by adding or
subtracting multiples of the
standard deviation from the
mean
Try It!
Practice 1:
Since 𝜇 = 25 and 𝜎 = 2.3 are
given, we can determine the
scores several standard
deviations above or below the
mean by adding or
subtracting multiples of the
standard deviation from the
mean
Try It!
Practice 1:
Since 𝜇 = 25 and 𝜎 = 2.3 are
given, we can determine the
scores several standard
deviations above or below the
mean by adding or
subtracting multiples of the
standard deviation from the
mean
Try It!
Practice 2:
In a particular normally distributed set of scores, the mean is 43.25 and the
standard deviation is 12.47. Determine the approximate location of the score
𝑥 = 62.34 in terms of the standard deviation.
Try It!
Practice 2:
In a particular normally distributed set of scores, the mean is 43.25 and the
standard deviation is 12.47. Determine the approximate location of the score
𝑥 = 62.34 in terms of the standard deviation.
1. Determine whether the score is above or below the mean. The mean of the set
of scores is 𝜇 = 43.25 and the score that we are looking for is 𝑥 = 62.34. Thus, it
must lie above the mean.
Try It!
Practice 2:
In a particular normally distributed
set of scores, the mean is 43.25
and the standard deviation is
12.47. Determine the approximate
location of the score
𝑥 = 62.34 in terms of the standard
deviation.
Practice 2:
In a particular normally distributed
set of scores, the mean is 43.25
and the standard deviation is
12.47. Determine the approximate
location of the score
𝑥 = 62.34 in terms of the standard
deviation.
Practice 2:
In a particular normally distributed set of scores, the mean is 43.25 and the standard
deviation is 12.47. Determine the approximate location of the score
𝑥 = 62.34 in terms of the standard deviation.
3. Locate the score by comparing it to the scores one, two, and three standard
deviations below the mean. Since 𝑥 = 62.34, we can observe that this score is
greater than 𝜇 + 𝜎 = 55.72 but less than 𝜇 + 2𝜎 = 68.19. Thus, we can say that the
score lies between the score one standard deviation above the mean and the score
two standard deviations above the mean. As an inequality, it can be written as
Try It!
Individual Practice:
Normal Distribution
1 a continuous probability distribution where most of the scores tend to be closer
to the mean
Normal Curve
3
1 represents a normal distribution which is defined by the following probability
density function
1 1 𝑥−𝜇 2
−
𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑒 2 𝜎
𝜎 2𝜋
where
𝜇 (pronounced as “mu”) represents the mean of the distribution;
𝜎 (pronounced as “sigma”) represents the standard deviation of the distribution;
𝜋 represents a constant which is approximately equal to 3.14159 …; and
𝑒 is the natural number which is approximately equal to 2.71828 … .
Key Points