Name : Cindy Gracia Betty Purba

Class : XII IPS 1

Attendance Number : 07

How Aurora Phenomena Happen

An Aurora (Latin word mean “sunrise”) is natural light display in the sky in the poles (north
and south) caused by the collision of energetic charged particles with atoms in the high
altitude atmosphere. In the Northern Hemisphere , the effect is known as Aurora borealis
(Aurora: the goddess dawn, borealis: north wind). While in the Southern Hemisphere, the
effect is known as Aurora australis. They illuminate the northern and southern horizon as
greenish glow or sometimes faint red, occasionally blue but most often in fluorescent green.
Auroras can be seen at night because their light is not as strong as the light of the day.

The Aurora phenomenon occurs when the formation of sunspots creates a magnetic field.
Then because his strength could no longer withstand the pressure of the current, he would be
crushed. This crushed sunspot will release the channeled energy content in the form of a
stream of electrons and protons. The enormous amount of protons and electrons in the Van
Allen belt will be carried by the solar wind into the geosphere, which will cause an increase
or decrease in the amount that will produce colorful lights in space. It is in this layer that the
Aurora light occurs and that is also the reason why the Aurora is in a cold place. the stronger
the earth's magnet the clearer the Aurora is seen and vice versa. The longer and stronger the
Aurora light, the stronger the solar disturbances known as solar storms.

Sometimes the Aurora can be seen on mountain peaks in tropical climates, but this
phenomenon is very rare. Auroras have been observed on planets other than Earth that have
magnetic fields, such as Jupiter, Saturn and more recently, Mars. It is believed to be the most
widespread phenomenon in the solar system and beyond.