CPAR REVIEWER: MODULE 2
*The rank and title of National Artist, as
LESSON 1: THE NATIONAL ARTIST
AWARD
* Katotohanan – Truth
* Kagandahan – Beauty
* Kabutihan – Goodness
According to Presidential Proclamation No.
1001, Series of 1972;
- WHEREAS, art is an expression of the national
genius;
- WHEREAS, artists should be given the
appropriate honors for their contribution to the
heritage of our society;
- WHEREAS, it is necessary that we create a
category to be known as National Artist which
will be the national expression of gratitude and
appreciation.
CRITERIA FOR SELECTION:
*Living artists who are natural-born Filipino
citizens at the line of nomination, as well as
those who died after the establishment of the
award in 1972 but were Filipino citizens at the
time of their death. Filipinos who have lost and
re-acquired Filipino citizenship, through dual
citizenship status for at least the minimum
period of five years shall be eligible for
nomination.
*Artists who through the content and form of
their works have contributed in building a
Filipino sense of nationhood.
*Artists who have pioneered in a mode of
creative expression or style, thus, earning
distinction and making an impact on succeeding
generations of artists.
*Artists who have created a substantial and
significant body of words and/or consistently
displayed excellence in the practice of their art
form thus, enriching artistic expression or style.
HONORS AND PRIVILEGES:
proclaimed by the President of the Philippines;
*The National Artist gold-plated medallion
minted by the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP)
and citation.
*Lifetime emolument and material and physical
benefits comparable in value to those received
by the highest officers of the land such as:
*A minimum cash award of Two Hundred
Thousand Pesos (P200,000.00), net of taxes for
living awardees and a minimum cash award of
One Hundred Fifty Thousand Pesos
(P150,000.00), net of taxes for posthumous
awardees, payable to the legal heir/s;
*A minimum lifetime personal monthly stipend
of Thirty Thousand Pesos (P30,000.00) The
above-mentioned privileges shall be given
effective January 1.
*Life insurance coverage for Awardees who are
still insurable;
*A State Funeral benefit not exceeding
P500,000.00.
WE HAVE 71 NATIONAL ARTISTS IN TOTAL.
LESSON 2: NATIONAL ARTIST FOR
LITERATURE (17)
*Francisco Arcellana (1990)
- one of the most important progenitors of the
modern Filipino short story in English;
- a staff member of The Torres Torch the school
organ.
- pioneer of modern Filipino short story in
English.
- Arcellana kept alive the experimental tradition
in fiction. Fiction: Death in a Factory, A clown
remembers, Divided by two. Poems: To Touch
You and I touched Her.
*Nestor Vicente Madali Gonzales (N.V.M
Gonzales, 1997)
- Romblon; Received the Rockefeller Foundation
Fellowship – Study at Stanford University and
Columbia University
- a formed poet, short story writer, essayist and
professor.
- “The Philippines’ foremost creative writer in
English”
- He won the First Commonwealth Literary
Contest in 1940, received the Republic Cultural
Heritage Award in 1960 and the Gawad CCP
Para sa Sining in 1990.
- The Winds of April (1941), A Season of Grace
(1956), and The Bamboo Dancers (1988)
*Nick Joaquin (1976)
- his works are prolific and unparalleled.
- regarded as the most distinguished Filipino
writer in English writing so variedly and so well
about so many aspects of the Filipino
- He has also enriched the English language with
critics coming “Joaquinesque” to describe his
baroque Spanish-flavored English or his
reinventions of English based on Filipinisms.
- Bienvenido Lumbera – his significance in
Philippine Literature involves his exploration of
the Philippine colonial past under Spain
- The Sorrows of Vaudeville (1937), The Woman
who had Three Novels
*Francisco Sionil Jose (2001)
- prolific Filipino writer whose works have
been translated in more than 20 languages.
- His works represent the social underpinnings
of class struggles and colonialism in the society
- The Pretenders, Tree, My Brother and My
Executioner
*Edith L. Tiempo (1999)
- remarkable fusion of style and substance.
- Founded Silliman National Writers Workshop
in Dumaguete City, which has produced some of
the country’s best writers.
- The Black Monkey, A Blade of Fern, and the
Native Coast
*Virgilio S. Almario (2003)
- also known as Rio Alma, revived and
reinvented traditional Filipino poetic forms,
even as he championed modernist poetics.
- He has the best translation of El Filibusterismo
and Noli Me Tangere.
*Amado V. Hernandez (1973)
- known for his disapprovals of social injustices
in the country
- poet, playwright, and novelist, is among the
Filipino writers who practiced “committed art”
- His novel “Mga Ibong Mandaragit”, first
written by Hernandez while in prison, is the first
Filipino socio-political novel that exposes the ills
of the society as evident in the agrarian
problems of the 50s.
*Carlos P. Romulo (1982)
- founder of the Boy Scout of the Philippines
- Foreign Affairs Secretary
- First Asian UN Secretary General
- Philippine Ambassador to Washington DC
- First Asian to win America’s coveted Pulitzer
Prize in Journalism for a series of articles
predicting the outbreak of World War II.
- The United (novel), I Walked with Heroes
(autobiography), I Saw the Fall of the
Philippines, Mother America and I see the
Philippines Rise (war-time memoirs).

*Alejandro R. Roces (2003)

*Rolando S. Tinio
- exceptional writer of comic short story.
- marked his career with prolific artistic
- He is known for his widelyn anthologized “My
productions
Brother’s Peculiar Chicken.”
- Took on Teatro Pilipino
*Bienvenido L. Lumbera (2006)
- award winning poet, librettist and scholar
- He introduced to Tagalog literature what is
known as Bagay poetry, a landmark aesthetic
tendency that has helped to change the
vernacular poetic tradition.
*Cirilo F. Bautista (2014)
- He is acknowledge by peers and critics, and
the nation at large as the foremost writer of his
generation
- Palanca Hall of Famer, National Book Awardee,
Gawad CCP and Gawad Jose Corazon de Jesus
- Philippine Centennial Prize for Epic Poetry
*Lazaro Francisco (2009)
- Icon in Tagalog writing through his nationalist
and social criticisms
- developed the social realist tradition in
Philippine fiction
*Jose Garcia Villa (1973)
- Pen Name: Doveglion
- considered as one of the finest contemporary
poets regardless of race or language
- He is also known for the tartness of his tongue
- Pointilism and Comma Poet
*Levi Celerio
- a prolific lyricist and composer for decades
- He made it to the Guinness Book of World
Records as the only person able to music using
just a leaf
- Have written 4000 lyrics
- Lifetime Achievement Award from the Film
Academy of the Philippines
*Resil B. Mojares
- known for his books on Philippine History
- He is acclaimed by various writers and critics
as the Visayan Titan of Letters, due to his
immense contribution to Visayan literature.
*Atty. Ramon L. Muzones
- A man of letters, the awardee was editor of
Shin Bun, a Japanese newspaper during the war
- He was hailed as the greatest Illonggo Writer
of the Century and upon his death on August
17, 1992, after having been elected as an
Outstanding Illonggo
LESSON 3: NATIONAL ARTIST FOR
ARCHITECTURE
*Pablo S. Antonio
- pioneered modern Philippine architecture
- structure is maximum use of natural light and
cross ventilation
- Works: FEU Administration Building, Ideal
Theater, Galaxy Theater and Manila Polo Club.
*Leandro V. Locsin
- reshaped the urban landscape with a
distinctive architecture reflective of Philippine
Art and Culture
- Works: Istana Nurul Iman Palace (Brunei) and
CCP Complex
*Juan F. Nakpil
- His greatest contribution is his belief that
there is such a thing as Philippine Architecture,
espousing architecture reflective of Philippine
traditions and culture
- Works: Ramon Magsaysay Building, Geronimo
delos Reyes Building, Rizal Theater, University
of the Philippines Administration Building, and
Capitol Theater
*Ildefonso P. Santos Jr.
- distinguished himself by pioneering the
practice of landscape architecture-an allied field
of architecture
- Works: Tagaytay Highland Resort, Mt.
Malarayat Gold and Country Club
*Jose Maria V. Zaragoza
- defined by a significant body of modern
edifices that address spiritual and secular
requirements. His works are synonymous to
modern ecclesiastical architecture
- Works: Meralco Building, Sto. Domingo
Church, Union Church, Metropolitan and
Cathedral of Cebu
*Francisco T. Mañosa
- considered one of the most influential Filipino
architects of the 20th century for having
pioneered the art of Philippine neovernacular
architecture
- Works: Coconut Palace, Pearl Farm-Davao,
EDSA Shrine and Amanpulo Resort-Palawan
LESSON 4: NATIONAL ARTIST FOR
FILM
The Philippine saw its first film in 1879 in a
salon in Escolta, Manila. The youngest amongst
the Philippine arts it is now becoming the
biggest and most supported form of art.
*Lamberto V. Avellana
- Wonderboy of Philippine Movies
*Eddie Romero
- Ganito kami Noon, Paano Kayo Ngayon
*Gerardo De Leon
- Ang Maestra
*Fernando Poe Jr.
- The King of Action Films
*Manuel Conde
- Genghis Khan
*Lino Brocka
-Maynila sa Kuko ng Liwanag
*Ishamel Bernal
- Himala
*Kidlat Tahimik
- Father of Independent Films
LESSON 5: NATIONAL ARTIST FOR
VISUAL ARTS
In the Philippines, visual arts can be
characterized as a mixture of western and
native cultural influences. When the Spaniards
invaded the country, the friars were the one
who introduced the western styles of painting
and carving (Sayuno 2019).
Today, Filipino visual artist is now creating their
movement called Filipinism which aims to
promote and use anything Filipino as their
subject.
*Fernando Amorsolo (1972)
- country’s first national artist
- “Grand Old Man of Philippine Art”
- most works depict the rich rural landscape of
the Philippines
- craftmanship and mastery in using light
- Famous Artworks: Planting Rice (1946),
DalagangBukid and Sunday Morning Glory to
Town (1956)
*Carlos “Botong” V. Francisco (1973)
- a muralist; became known for massive murals
and outstanding depiction of historical pieces
- “Fragments of the historic past into vivid
records of the legendary courage of the
ancestors of his race”
- Famous Artworks: Magpupukot, Blood
Compact and First Mass at Limasawa
*Victorio Edades (1976)
- Father of Modernism Art
- dark and gloomy
- Filipino laborers in everyday situations
- Famous Artworks: The Sketch, The Builders,
etc.
*Vicente S. Manansala (1981)
- extraordinary illustrator and cubist painter
- works depicted the barrio of Macabebe,
Pampanga
- Famous Artworks: Madonna of the Slums,
Jeepney and Candle Vendors
*Jeremias Elizalde Navarro (1999)
- painter and sculptor (graphic design,
printmaking and mask-making)
- Famous Artworks: I’m Sorry Jesus, I Can’t
Attend Christmas This Year
*Benedicto “BenCab” Cabrera (2006)
- lyrical expressionist
- Sabel – symbol scavenger; “melancholic
symbol of dislocation, despair and isolation
- Famous Artworks: Madonna with Objects
(1991), Studies of Sabel (1991)
*Hernando Ocampo (1991)
- self-thought painter
- atmosphere and wildlife of the Philippines
- used movement and bold colors
- Famous Artworks: Nude with Candle and
Flower, Ina ng Balon, Kasaysayan ng Lahi
*Cesar Legazpi (1990)
- pioneer of the Neorealist movement in the
country
- his works paved way for the birth of modern
art in the Philippines
- Famous Artworks: Tree Planting, Man and
Woman, Morning Dance
*Abdulmari Asia Imao
*Guillermo Tolentino (1973)
- a master in classical sculpture
- a product of the Revival Period in Philippine
Art
- Famous Artworks: Oblation, Bonifacio
Movement, President Magsaysay (GSIS Building)
- designed medals for the Ramon Magsaysay
and seal of the Republic of the Philippines
*Arturo Luz (1997)
- prominent printmaker, sculptor and art
administrator
- minimalist: used geometric abstracts
- Famous Artworks: Bagong Taon, Man with
Guitar, Cities of the Past
*Federico Aguilar Alcuaz (2009)
- 20th century Filipino painter
- cubist-inspired painting
- nude women, interiors, still life, landscapes
- soft blurred edged // bold lines and shapes
- lively and memorable images
- Famous Artworks: New York, Artist’s Studio
*Napoleon “Billy” Abueva (1976)
- Father of Modern Philippine Sculpture
- youngest awardee (National Artist)
- works used materials ranging from hardwood
to coral and adobe
- Famous Artworks: The Transfiguration at the
Eternal Gardens Memorial Park, The Water
Buffalo
*Francisco Coching (2001)
- comic book creator
- Famous Artworks: Hagibis, El Indio
*Ang Kiukok (2001)
- most talented and energetic figures
- works continue to inspire and influence
Filipinos
- Famous Artworks: Geometrci Landscape
(1969), Dog Fight
*Jose Joya (2003)
- abstract expressionism
- dynamic spontaneity and quick gestures
- tropical landscapes
- Famous Artworks: Nanking, Hills of Nikko,
Mariveles
*Larry Alcala
LESSON 6: NATIONAL ARTIST FOR
DANCE, HISTORICAL LITERATURE,
FASHION DESIGN AND THEATER
National Artist for Dance
*Francisca Reyes Aquino
- pioneer of Filipino Folk Dances, teacher,
nationalist
*Leonor Orosa Goquinco
- also known as Cristina Luna, called as
Trailblazer, A mother of Philippine theater
dance and dean on Filipino Performing Arts and
Critics
*Lucrecia Reyes Urtula
- dance director of the Bayanihan Dance
Company (considered as the oldest dance
company in the country)
*Ramon Arevalo Obusan
- dancer, choreographer, stage designer and
artistic director
- Ramon Obusan Folkloric Group (ROFG) dance
company
*Alice Reyes
- legendary founder of Ballet Philippines a
dancer and a choreographer
National Artist for Historical Literature
*Carlos Quirino
National Artist for Fashion Design
*Ramon Valera
National Artist for Theater
*Daisy Avellana
- first lady of Philippine Theater, not only a
notable actress but was also a passionate
director and writer
*Honorata “Atang” de la Rama
- battled for the supremacy of the Kundiman,
popularized the song “Mutya ng Pasig”,
crowned the queen of Kundiman
*Rolanda S. Tinio
- known for translating western classics into
tagalog
*Salvador F. Bernal
- part of over 300 productions in art, film, and
music. His style is known for maximizing the use
of raw materials in theater productions.
- also holds classes and training in universities
and the CCP
*Lamberto Avellana
- he was dubbed as “The Boy Wonder of
Philippine Movies”
*Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero
- talented writer, director, educator and artist
*Severino Montano
- named as one of the “Titans of Philippine
Theater” - Philippine Madrigal Singers
*Amelia Lapena Bonifacio *Ryan Cayabyab
- OPM Music

LESSON 7: NATIONAL ARTIST FOR

MUSIC

*Antonio Buenaventura
- Philippine Army Band

*Ernani Cuenco
- Bato sa Buhangin

*Francisco Feliciano
- Liturgical Music

*Jovita Fuentes
- Madame Butterfly

*Atang Dela Rama

- Queen of Kundiman

*Jose Maceda
- Filipino Traditional Music

*Lucio San Pedro

- Ugoy ng Duyan

*Levy Celerio
- Guiness Book of World Records

*Felipe De Leon
- National Anthem

*Lucrecia Kasilag
- Folk Dance Music

*Antonio Molina
- Dean of Filipino Composers

*Ramon Santos
- Contemporary Music

*Andrea Veneracion