READING PRACTICE

GRADE 11

SECTION 1 : TABLE COMPLETION

By the early nineteenth century – the start of the railway age – men such as John
McAdam and Thomas Telford had created a British road network totaling some 200,000 km, of
which about one sixth was privately owned toll roads called turnpikes. In the first half of the
nineteenth century, many roads in the US were built to the new standards, of which the National
Pike from West Virginia to Illinois was perhaps the most notable. In the twentieth century, the
ever-increasing use of motor vehicles threatened to break up roads built to nineteenth-century
standards, so new techniques had to be developed on routes with heavy traffic, flexible
pavements were replaced by rigid pavements, in which the top layer was concrete, 15 to 30
centimeters thick, laid on a prepared bed. Nowadays steel bars are laid within the concrete. This
not only restrains shrinkage during setting, but also reduces expansion in warm weather. As a
result, it is, possible to lay long slabs without danger of cracking.

Questions:
Complete the table below.
Use ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.

Time period Type of roads

Early 19th century  Turn pikes also called as 1……… roads

First half of the 2………………. National Pike 
century
20th century  flexible pavements were replaced by
3………….. pavements
Now 4……… bars are laid within the concrete.
SECTION 2 : SUMMARY/NOTES COMPLETION
Seaweeds are algae that live in the sea or in brackish water. Scientists often call
them ‘benthic marine algae’, which just means ‘attached algae that live in the sea’.
Seaweeds come in three basic colors: red, green, and brown: dulse is the red seaweed;
sea lettuce is amongst the green algae, and the brown is a wrack. Red and brown algae
are almost exclusively marine, whilst green algae are also common in freshwater and in
terrestrial situations. Many of these algae are very ancient organisms, and although
lumped together as ‘algae’ are not actually closely related, having representatives in
four of the five kingdoms of organisms. There are about 10,500 species of seaweeds, of
which 6,500 are red algae (Rhodophyta).
The trend today is to refer to marine algae used as food as ‘sea-vegetables’. The main
species used in Ireland at present are dulse, carrageen moss, and various kelps and
wracks. Dulse – also known as dillisk in a number of areas – is a red alga that is eaten
on both sides of the North Atlantic. 

Questions:
Complete the summary/notes below:
Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer
5……………………….are algae that live in the sea or in brackish water. They come in 6.
……………… basic colours: red, green, and brown.Red and brown algae are almost
exclusively 7……………….., whilst green algae are also common in freshwater and
in 8………………. situations.

SECTION 3 : DIAGRAM COMPLETION

In their new location, the beekeeper will pay the farmer to allow his bees to feed in such places
as orange groves. The honey produced here is fragrant and sweet and can be sold by the
beekeepers. To encourage the bees to produce as much honey as possible during this period,
the beekeepers open the hives and stack extra boxes called supers on top. These temporary
hive extensions contain frames of empty comb for the bees to fill with honey. In the brood
chamber below, the bees will stash honey to eat later. To prevent the queen from crawling up to
the top and laying eggs, a screen can be inserted between the brood chamber and the supers.
Three weeks later the honey can be gathered.
Label the diagram below.
Choose ONE OR TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.

Questions:
9. ……………………………..
10. ……………………………..
11. ……………………………..
12. ……………………………..