Republic of the Philippines

SORSOGON STATE UNIVERSITY

Sorsogon City Campus
Magsaysay St., Sorsogon City
Name: Rivin Atenciana Domo
Section: BPED 2A
Date: September 4, 2023
Subject: Applied Motor Control & Learning of Exercise, Sport & Dance
Instructor: Jeremiah C. Talento

The Stages Of Learning

Stage 2: The Associative Stage

The associative stage is characterized as much less verbal information,

smaller gains in performance, conscious performance, adjustment making, awkward
and disjointed movement, and taking a long time to complete. During this stage the
athlete works at making movement adjustments and stringing together small
movement skills. This stage is also called the motor stage (Adams, 1971) because
the problem to be solved in the associative stage is learning how to perform the skill
(Schmidt & Lee, 2005). From the cognitive perspective, the athlete is
attempting to translate declarative knowledge into procedural knowledge. In other
words, the athlete is transforming what to do into how to do.
Associative Stage – During this stage, the learner begins to demonstrate a more
refined movement through practice. Now that the learner has had some practice and
has identified various stimuli that may occur, they can focus on “how to do” moving
on from the “what to do” in the first stage.  Here, visual cues become less important
and proprioceptive cues become very important.  Proprioceptive cues refer to the
learner focusing more on how their body is moving in space and what input is being
felt from their joints and muscles. The more practice, the more proprioceptive
input the learner receives to aide learning.  Therefore, the more practice the
better! Example: Let’s continue with walking.  During the initial clumsy stage your
child may demonstrate small, choppy steps, wide base of support, arms up high in a
guarded position, and little to no trunk rotation.  In this stage, you may see your
child taking longer, more controlled steps, narrowing their base of support, and
allowing their arms to relax at their sides.  These behaviors indicate that your child
has moved past the initial stage of learning and has progressed to a more refined
movement.