Magpantay, Yvette Abegail T.

2 – CHARLIE
C_16
General Chemistry
Mr. Ruben Leynes

POST LABORATORY ACTIVITY NO. 1

DETERMINING MOLAR MASS AND

PERCENTAGE COMPOSITION OF A
COMPOUND

June 21, 2023

I. OBJECTIVES

1. To be able to describe a given substance (compound) qualitatively and quantitatively.

2. To be able to define molar mass and percentage composition conceptually and

operationally.

3. To be able to determine the molar and percentage of the composition using its
chemical formula.

4. To identify its chemical name, common name and chemical formula of the assigned
color of food color or textile dye.

II. INTRODUCTION

Molar mass can be defined as mass per mole. The molar mass is the sum of the
mass of all the atoms found in one mole’s worth of a substance. It is expressed in units
of grams per mole. Molar mass is depicted for elements or molecules. In the case of
single elements or individual atoms, the molar mass would just be the elements mass
expressed in atomic mass unit. As molar mass and atomic mass are equal for individual
atoms, molar mass can be used to measure the particles identity. A chemical compound
is the combination of two or more elements.

The ratio of the amounts of each element to the sum of the individual element
amounts present in the compound, multiplied by 100, is the definition of the percentage
composition of a given compound. In this instance, the quantity is expressed in grams of
the constituent elements. Any compound's composition is expressed in terms of all the
elements present using its percent composition. It aids in the chemical analysis of the
given compound, therefore.
 III. PROCEDURE

Each student in the group was required by our chemistry teacher to bring a
sample of any food color with a mass of 2-4g from the grocery store or from home. The
food coloring is then brought out and put in a glass container (like a beaker). Take note
of the object's physical characteristics, including color, texture, odor, form, taste, and
other attributes. And we apply textile dye in the same way. We looked up the given food
color and textile dye's common name, chemical name, and chemical formula. The next
thing we did was figure out the molar and percentage compositions of the food color
and textile dye samples we were each given. Then, using the mole concept, we convert
the measured mass of your own assigned food color and textile dye into the number of
moles. We shared our collected or gathered data with our group mates as our final
action.

IV. RESULTS AND FINDINGS

Table 1.1. Food Color Qualitative Features

Substance Common Chemical Chemical Color Other

Number Name Name Formula Physical
Properties
Food Color 1 Green Food Tartrazine C16H9N4NA3O9S2 Green When it dissolve
color in water, the color
remains
Food Color 2 Red Food Allura Red Ac C18h14N2Na208S2 Red Powder or Liquid
Color
Food Color 3 Orange Sunset Yellow C16H10N2Na207S2 Orange Powder or Liquid
Food Color

Interpretation:

FOOD COLOR 1 (TARTRAZINE)

C= 16 x 12.01 amu = 192.16 g/mole

H= 9 x 1.01 amu = 9.09 g/mole

N= 4 x 14.01 amu = 54.06 g/mole

NA= 3 x 23.00 amu = 69.00 g/mole

0= 9 x 16 amu = 144.00 g/mole

S= 2 x 32.o amu = 64 g/mole

534.29 g/mole

CALCULATE THE % COMPOSITION OF TARTRAZINE

% composition = mm of an element

mm of tartrazine

= mm of an element

mm of tartrazine

% of C= 192.16 g/mole

534.29 g/mole

= 35.965 %

% of H= 9.09 g/mole

534.29 g/mole

= 1.7013 %

% of N= 56.04 g/mole

534.29 g/mole

= 10.488 %
 % of NA = 60.00 g/mole

534.29 g/mole

= 12.914 %

% of O= 144.00 g/mole

534.29 g/mole

= 10.488 %

% of S= 64 g/mole

534.29 g/mole

= 11.979 %

Table 1.2. Textile Dye Qualitative Features

Substance Common Chemical Chemical Color Other

Number Name Name Formula Physical
Properties
Textile Dye 1 Blue Textile Tartrazine C16H9N4O9S2 Blue Resistance to the
dye action of water

Textile Dye 2 Indigo Textile Indigotine C16H8N2Na208S2 Indigo Powder or Liquid

Dye
Textile Dye 3 Green Textile Fast Green C37h3N2Na2010S3 Green Powder or Liquid
Dye FCF

Interpretation:

TEXTILE DYE 1 (TARTRAZINE)

C= 16 x 12.01 amu = 192.16 g/mole

H= 9 x 1.01 amu = 9.09 g/mole

N= 4 x 14.01 amu = 54.06 g/mole

NA= 3 x 23.00 amu = 69.00 g/mole

0= 9 x 16 amu = 144.00 g/mole

S= 2 x 32.o amu = 64 g/mole

534.29 g/mole

CALCULATE THE % COMPOSITION OF TARTRAZINE

% composition = mm of an element

mm of tartrazine

= mm of an element

mm of tartrazine

% of C= 192.16 g/mole

534.29 g/mole

= 35.965 %

% of H= 9.09 g/mole

534.29 g/mole

= 1.7013 %

% of N= 56.04 g/mole

534.29 g/mole

= 10.488 %
% of NA = 60.00 g/mole

534.29 g/mole

= 12.914 %

% of O= 144.00 g/mole

534.29 g/mole

= 10.488 %

% of S= 64 g/mole

534.29 g/mole

= 11.979 %

Table 2.1 Food Color Quantitative Features

Common Chemical Chemical Molar Percentage Measured No. Of

Mass Moles
Name Name Formula Mass Composition

Food Tartrazin C16H9N4Na309S2 534.25 %C = 36% 3 grams 0.006

Color 1 e mole
g/mol %H = 2%
%N = 11%
%Na = 13%
%O = 27%
%S = 12%
Food Sunset C16H10N2Na20752 452.24 %C = 43% 3 grams 0.007
Color 2 Yellow g/mol mole
%H = 2.33%
%N = 6.2%
%Na = 10.2%
%O = 25%
 %S = 14.29%
Food Allura C18H14N2Na208S2 496.28 %C = 44% 3 grams 0.006
Color 3 Red AC g/mol mole
%H = 3%
%N = 6%
%Na = 9.3%
%O = 26%
%S = 13%

Table 2.2 Textile Dye Quantitative Features

Common Chemical Chemical Molar Percentage Measured No. Of
Mass Moles
Name Name Formula Mass Composition

Textile Fast C37H34N2Na2010S 808.88 %C = 60.03% 3 grams 0.004

Dye 1 Green 3 mole
g/mol %H = 4.26%
FCF
%N = 3.46%
%Na = 5.65%
%O = 19.79%
%S = 15.78%
Textile Indigonit C16H10N202 262.25 %C = 73.24% 3 grams 0.0114
Dye 2 e g/mol mole
%H = 3.85%
%N = 10.68%
%O = 12.22%
Textile Brilliant CB7H34N2Na209S3 792.84 %C = 55.62% 3 grams 0.004
Dye 3 Blue g/mol mole
%H = 4.31%
FCF
%N = 9.17%
%Na = 6.3%
%O = 30.9%
%S = 13.2%
V. DISCUSSION
The atomic mass of an element, measured in amu, is equal to the mass in grams
of one mole of an element. This relationship between the atomic mass and the mole
concept is important in chemistry. The average mass of an element's atoms, expressed
in atomic mass units (amu, also known as daltons, D), is the element's atomic mass.
The mass of each isotope is multiplied by its abundance to produce the atomic mass,
which is a weighted average of all the isotopes of that element. (Atomic mass is
sometimes referred to as atomic weight, but "mass" is a more inclusive term.
The ratio between the mass and the amount of substance (measured in moles) of
any sample of a chemical compound is known as its molar mass (M) in chemistry. [1]
The molar mass is a bulk property of a substance rather than a molecular one. The
compound's molar mass is an average over many samples, which frequently have
different masses because of isotopes. A terrestrial average and a function of the relative
abundance of the isotopes of the constituent atoms on Earth, the molar mass is most
frequently calculated from the standard atomic weights. For converting between a
substance's mass and amount in bulk quantities, the molar mass is the proper unit.
The first step in determining the percent composition of each component element
in a compound is to determine the molar mass of each component element in grams per
mole. Next, determine the molecular mass of the entire compound. Divide the total
molecular mass by the molar mass of the component. Your new number will range from
0 to 1. To obtain the percent composition, multiply it by 100%.

VI. REFERENCES
https://www.britannica.com/science/mole-chemistry
https://byjus.com/percent-composition-formula/?
fbclid=IwAR2BnNUx8wTZwfUFKqeiVxWOmODn997FF2eSUjuia6wHNTlWnn3O_zwg9
PQ#:~:text=The%20percentage%20composition%20of%20a,grams%20of%20the
%20elements%20present
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Analytical_Chemistry/
Supplemental_Modules_(Analytical_Chemistry)/Quantifying_Nature/
Density_and_Percent_Compositions
https://infinitylearn.com/surge/chemistry/mole-concept-molar-mass-and-percentage-
composition/?fbclid=IwAR1NxDIYebq2rP_WOMPUsUbTUScqYJ6v2JHt1pdq4M3Ym-
eVmMGBXigV-Sc#:~:text=The%20molar%20mass%20is%20the,each%20element
%20in%20a%20compound
https://www.angelo.edu/faculty/kboudrea/periodic/structure_mass.htm#:~:text=(Atomic
%20mass%20is%20also%20referred,mass%22%20is%20more
%20accurate.)&text=The%20atomic%20mass%20is%20useful,one%20mole%20of
%20an%20element.

VII. APPENDICES
1. What exactly is atomic mass? Does an element's atomic weight correspond to its
atomic mass?
(The answer is in the paragraph 1)

2. What is molar mass?

(The answer is in the paragraph 2)

3. How to compute the percentage of each element in a compound?

(The answer is in the paragraph 3)