NOTES :

1.Parts in ITALICS in questions are a variation and/or

different framing to the question.
2.Parts of questions in RED means that it is repeating
3.Everything in GREEN represents ANSWER in a short
form or key points.
4.Most answer is made in sort of a Mnemonic. Red
alphabet highlights it doesn’t stand for a point.
5.If someone updates it, please send it to
E-mail : dassanimayank@gmail.com
Whatsapp : +91 8287 01234 6
So it can be uploaded for other people as well.
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1965 CONVENTION ON FACILITATION OF INTERNATIONAL MARITIME TRAFFIC (FAL) 1967

Q4. b) What is the purpose of FAL Convention, 1965 and (MAY’22, FEB’19 AUG’18 may 18 feb 18 FEB’20, NOV’19)
describe how its objective are met ? Salient features
== DCU DELAY CO-OPERATION UNIFORMITY
OLD ROMAN LISTS DEMAND RECOMMEND MAXIMUM NUMBER
16 ARTICLES – SIGN SCOPE INTER-ALIA GENERAL NOTIFICATION
1 ANNEX – SURFED STANDARDS RECOMMENDED FORMALITIES DOCUMENTARY
List the various forms those are mandatory as per the Convention. (MAY’22, FEB’19 may 18)
== GCSC CP M great circle sailing ya composite circle passage mare?
GENERAL CARGO STORES CREW-EFFECT CREW-LIST PAX MANIFEST, additionally POSTAL HEATH

Q.6 Explain the procedures including documents required for obtaining:

b) Clearance Inward (APR’22, NOV’18)
== Agent appointed – informs customs – handle all business transaction on behalf Master.
Also files bond – pay all properties and duties of vsl
General declaration including ship detail, arr date, master name, port of call list.
Documents included in general declaration are -
CARGO STORES CREW-EFFECT CREW-LIST PAX MANIFEST HEATH SECURITY CUSTOM WASTE CURRENCY
ARMS&AMM., NARCOTIC LIST

c) Port Clearance (APR’22, NOV’18, feb 18) in Indian Ports

== MDOH, CARGO, CREW&PAX LIST. CUSTOM OFFICER – SIGHT OTHER DOCUMENT – PRIOR GRANTING
C.O.Registry/Insurance, General License, LLC, Safety Construction/Equipment/Radio Certificate, PAX cert.,
SSCEC/SSCC, Marine/Light Dues Receipt, Articles of agreement

Q.6 Differentiate between Standards and the recommended practices under FAL Convention, 1965 with respect
to the following:
a) Arrival, stay and Departure of ship
b) Arrival, stay and Departure of cargo. (AUG’18)

1969 INTERVENTION CONVENTION 1975 Protocol 1973

Q.3 Write short notes on any two of the following:
b) High Seas Intervention Convention 1969 (APR’22[X2] NOV’21 MAY’19, AUG’19, NOV’18[X2], …..) provision
1973 protocol. (NOV’20)
== ROCCA’S RIGHT APPLIES CONSULTING COMPENSATION 1973SUBSTANCES
1. convention gives right to coastal state to take necessary measures in high seas to prevent, mitigate or eliminate
danger of pollution by oil or threat by maritime casualty to its coast line.
2. Applies to all seagoing vessels except warships or other vessels owned or operated by a State and used on Govt
Non-commercial service.
3. Such measures - taken only after consulting with appropriate interests including, other affected states, flag state
of the ship, owner of the ship or cargoes and independent experts appointed for this purpose
4. If C.S. takes measures beyond permitted then it will be liable to pay compensation for any damage caused by
such measures.
5. 1973 protocol added list of substances other than oil which have substantially similar characteristics. And has
been subsequently amended to update the list of substances attached to it.

Q.9 Intervention convention affirms the right of a coastal state to take such measures on the high seas as
required to prevent, mitigate or eliminate grave and imminent danger to its coastline. How are the ‘Freedom of the
high seas’ and protections to the seafarer enshrined under part vii of UNCLOS safeguarded in the Intervention
Convention? (NOV19)
== C I L C CONSULT LIFE INFORM COMPENSATION
Every state which exercises its rights under this Convention, must
1. Consult neighbouring states
3. Inform ship owner, cargo owners & Master of the measures being taken.
2. Make all possible endeavours to avoid any risk to life. Provide assistance to person in distress. Facilitate
repatriation of the ship’s crew.
4. If C.S. takes measures beyond permitted then it will be liable to pay compensation for any damage caused by such
measures.

1972 LONDON DUMPING CONVENTION 1975

Q.5 State briefly the objectives of the following and state how they contribute to prevent pollution and a safer
environment: i) London Dumping Convention (SEP’21, …., ……) SHORT NOTE main features
== YEAR OBJECTIVE ACHEIVES BLACK&GREY
 ADOPTED 1972, FORCE 1975
 The "Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter 1972" or
the "London Convention" for short, are international treaties of global application to protect the marine
environment from pollution caused by ocean dumping.
 Its objective is -
1. to promote the effective control of all sources of marine pollution and
2. to take all practicable steps to prevent marine pollution by dumping of wastes & other matter.
 It achieves it objective through regulation of dumping into the sea of waste materials.
 As per the convention:
1. A "black- and grey-list" approach is applied for wastes, which can be considered for disposal at sea
according to the hazard they present to the environment.
2. For the blacklist items dumping is prohibited.
3. For the grey-listed materials dumping requires a special permit from a designated national authority under
strict control and provided certain conditions are met.
4. All other materials or substances can be dumped after a general permit has been issued.

In 1996, the "London Protocol" was agreed to further modernize the Convention and eventually, replace it.
• The purpose of the Protocol is similar to that of the Convention, but the Protocol is more restrictive
 The application of a "precautionary approach" is included as a general obligation;
• a "reverse list" approach is adopted, which implies that all dumping is prohibited unless explicitly permitted;
• incineration of wastes at sea is prohibited;
• export of wastes for the purpose of dumping or incineration at sea is prohibited.
• Extended compliance procedures & technical assistance provisions have been included

1982 UNCLOS 1994

Q.1 a) Describe the different sea areas as per UNCLOS? (NOV 20, AUG’19[x2] Nov’18)
To what extent does the jurisdiction of a state extend to these areas? (NOV 20, AUG’19)
Q.1 Define the following and explain as to how to plan and conduct passage in the following waters, as stipulated
in UNCLOS, 1982
(a) Archipelagic Waters, (may18)
(c) Territorial Sea (MAY’18, NOV’18)
Q.6 Define Exclusive Economic Zone and Continental Shelf as per UNCLOS. (MAY22, FEB19, NOV’18)
How have some states claimed an EEZ of greater than 200 nautical miles and others have completely refrained from
claiming any EEZ at all?
What is an Exclusive Fishing Zone? (MAY22, FEB19)
(NOV’22, MAY’22, APR’21)
Q1 (b) What are the provisions regarding ‘Artificial islands, Structure and Installations’ in EEZ as per UNCLOS.
(JAN21)

Q.1 Under UNCLOS, explain the laws of flag and coastal state relating to civil and criminal jurisdiction.
(SEP’22, SEP 21 FEB 20

Q.1 a) Describe various factors which do not make a passage innocent as per UNCLOS.
(JUL 22, may 22, APR 22, JAN 22, NOV2, MAY’19, AUG’18)
Q.2 a) Differentiate between “Passage” and “Innocent Passage” as stipulated under Article 18 and 19 of
UNCLOS 1982 to which India is party. (NOV’21)
Q.1 Explain the following as stipulated in UNCLOS, 1982:
a) Right to Innocent Passage and Right to Transit Passage
(MAY’22, FEB’20, FEB19)
Q.1 In respect of UNCLOS, explain the following: d) Definition of International Straits (FEB 20 may18)

Q.2b) State the duties and rights of protection of the Coastal State as prescribed in Article 24 and 25 of UNCLOS
1982. (NOV 21, SEP’21)
Q.9 Discuss the rights of the coastal state Authority in Territorial sea and the Contiguous zone & all zones
(AUG’19)
the navigable rights available to foreign flag vessels in these zones? (AUG’19, AUG’18)

Q.1 b) A foreign vessel on an innocent passage manned by pirates is intercepted by the coastal state outside
territorial waters. Discuss the implications under UNCLOS.
(NOV 20)

1989 Salvage 1996

Q.1 (a) Define Salvage and also explain the difference between the General Average and Salvage?
(NOV 22, APR’21, MAY’19,
== SALVAGE – R3PiSS // GEN AVG – L-DIP
RESCUE 3 PERIL SERVICE SUCCESS // LEGAL DISTRIBUTE INTERESTED PARTIES
(b) As a Towing vessel Master, what all factors are to be considered before getting engaged in Towing
operations at sea? (NOV 22, APR’21
== PENN ACD BOUTCALLS //
PERMIT NOTIFYX2 ASSESSING CARGO DESTINATION BUNKER TOW CONDITION LIMITATION LOF VALUE

Q.6 As per the Salvage Convention, 1989, describe/contents the following:

a) Condition for reward (articles 12 / No Cure, No Pay principle”) (Jan’22, SEP’21 FEB’20 AUG’19)
== R N E S - REWARD NCNP EXCEED SPECIAL
b) Criteria for fixing the reward (articles 13) (SEP’21 AUG’21 FEB’20 NOV’19, AUG’19, MAY’19)
== E - SVDR SSPRATA – PRO RATA STATES RECOURSE
ENCOURAGE – SUCCESS VALUE DANGER RISK SKILL&EFFORTx2 PROMPTNESS READINESS AVAILABILITY TIME
c) Special Compensation articles 14. (SEP’21 AUG’21 FEB’20 AUG’19)
== PID CENTER
POLLUTION INTRODUCED DEFINED COMPENSATION NEGLIGENT TOTAL RECOURSE

Q.3 b) What was the necessity of incorporating SCOPIC Clause in LOF-2000 when special compensation was
covered under Article 14 of International Salvage convention 1989? (Mar’22)
Q.3 ……. How this principle has been adapted to accommodate the problem of pollution by Lloyd’s Open Form and
International Salvage Convention? (Jan’22)
== CISRI CONCERN INCORPORATED SOLVED REMUNERATION INVOKE

Q.1 (a) State the salient features of Lloyd’s open form (LOF). (AUG’21)
Q.2 What are the rights & duties of a Salvor, Master and Owner as per LOF? (mar’22 NOV’19, AUG’19, MAY’19)
== SALVOR – CLEAR CARE ENVIROMNENT ASSISTANCE REWARD
== MASTER/OWNER – CLEAR CO-OPERATE ENVIROMNENT ACCEPT-REDELIVERY
Q.7 (b) Make a comparison between ‘Pure Voluntary Salvage’ and ‘Salvage by LOF’? (JAN’21)

Marine insurance
Q.2 (a) What is Marine Insurance and
Who is an insurance surveyor and Average adjustor?
What are the principles of Marine Insurance? (NOV’22,….., Jan’22, NOV’20, ….., Jan’22, NOV’20
== MARINE INSURANCE – CEBLC COVERS EVENTS BURDEN LIABILITY COUNTRY
INSURANCE SURVEYOR – ISTUW INVESTIGATES STAKEHOLDERS TRAINED UNDERSTANDING WORK
AVERAGE ADJUSTER – ESSA EXPERTS STATEMENTS SECURITY APPOINTED
INSURABLE INTEREST – DDDJ DEFINITION DISCLOSE DEEMED JUDGEMENT
INDEMNITY – CCP CONNECTED COMPENSATED PROFIT
SUBROGATION – SAORRPF SUBSITUTING APPLIES OWNERSHIP RECOVER REDUCE PROMOTE FRAUD

(b) What is Subrogation? (NOV 22, APR’22, APR’21, Jan’22, NOV’20, FEB’20, NOV’18, FEB’18)
== SUBROGATION – SAORRPF SUBSITUTING APPLIES OWNERSHIP RECOVER REDUCE PROMOTE FRAUD
PROCEDURE - PAYS NOTICE INFORMS NEGOTIATE/DISPUTE IF

Q.2 Describe the fundamental principles of Marine Insurance? What is Institute Clause?
== LAW LONDON-UNDERWRITERS ADDITIONAL WRITING 4CERTAIN-AREAS 5POLAR 6INDIAN-COAL

Q.9 a) With respect to Marine Insurance write short notes on:

(iv) Marine adventure (JUL 22, JAN’21, ….)
(v) Perils (JUL 22, JAN’21, FEB’18, ……)
== PET IPACA POTENTIAL EXISTED TIME IMMEDIATE PRESENT APPREHENDED CONTROL REQUEST

b) Explain the principle of General Average (JUL 22, APR’22, JAN’21, ……., NOV’20, FEB’20, FEB’19, MAY’18, ….)
and how is it beneficial to the various interests involved in a Marine adventure. (JUL 22, APR’22, JAN’21, …., MAY’18)
== GEN AVG – L-DIP LEGAL DISTRIBUTE INTERESTED PARTIES

Q.7 Write short notes on the following as per Marine Insurance Act:
a) Floating policy (APR’22, FEB’20, NOV’18)
c) Sue and Labour clause (APR’22, NOV’18, FEB’18)

Q.6 Explain the term Warranty as used in Marine Insurance. What are different types of Warranty? How does
provision of Warranty protects the Underwriter?( NOV 22, APR’21, jan 22, aug 21, feb 19, …9C..)
== PROMISE - MAKE & FULFILL – CONTINUATION // IMPLIED EXPRESSED INSTITUTE // INSURANCE
STOPS

Q.4 Distinguish between the following: b) Conditions and warranties

Q.7 With respect to marine insurance write notes on

(i) insurable (aug 21)
(iii) Deviation (aug 21, FEB 18)
(iv) Constructive total loss. (aug 21, ……..)

Q.4 a) ….
Which all expenses and/or sacrifices are recoverable under General Average? (APR’22, ……)

Q.9 Differentiate between the following:

a) General Average and Particular Average, (…., mar 22, nov 21,…..)
b) Actual Total Loss and Constructive Total Loss also example of each (…., mar 22, NOV’20,, FEB’20)
c) Unsafe ship and Unseaworthy ship. (….,)
Q.2 W.R.T. General average act discuss
i) Expenses (AUG’21)
ii) Losses (AUG’21)
iii) Sacrifice (AUG’21)
iv) Contribution (AUG’21, …..)

Bill of lading, charter parties, hague visby

Q.7 ii) Explain the functions of Bill of Lading. (…., APR 21, feb 18, ……)
== RECEIPT DOCUMENT OF TITLE EVIDENCE OF CONTRACT
What is the difference between Bill of Lading and Mate’s Receipt? (….
== DEFINITION SIGNED DETAILS ENDORSEMENT DOCUMENT OF TITLE TITLE CHANGE PRESENTS

Q3(b) What precautions are to be taken prior signing Bill of Lading? (nov’22, APR’21, …..
== SHIPPER NAME VSL NAME DATE LDG/DISCH. PORT CARGO QUANTITY/CONDITION FREIGHT CARRIAGE

Q.8b) What precautions are to be taken when an original Bill of lading is carried on board and delivery is made
against the same? (…., FEB’20)
== NO-B/L REFUSE-OPEN/TO ORDER B/L ACCEPT-STRAIGHT RISK-CLAIMS SHIPPER-LIABLE P&I

c) “Bill of lading is to be signed as presented” – is the term stipulated in the charter party. What do you
understand by this? (feb 18)
Q.7 What is a Seaway bill? How is it different from an Ocean Bill of Lading? (NOV’19)
What should be done to a letter of Indemnity offered in lieu of a clean Bill of Lading? (NOV’19, ….)

Q.8 Explain the following, relating to a charter party:

b) “Safe berth, always afloat” Safe Berth Clause (NOV’20……)
c) Safe port. (FEB’20)

Q.4 a) Describe the significance of documentary credit system (dcs) in shipping trade. (FEB’20, ……)
== SEPARATE-TRANSACTION SELLER/BUYER COMPROMISE DCS
PROCEDURE – CONTRACT OF SALE CREDIT FACILITY DEPOSITED B/L

Q.3 Briefly explain the following as per carriage of goods at sea act (COGSA).
i) Bill of Lading.
ii) Limitation of Liability
iii) Seaworthiness
iv) Immunities enjoyed by the carrier. (NOV’19)

Write short notes on / State the differences between:

a) Voyage charter party b) Time charter party c) Bare boat charter or Demise Charter.
(…., APR’21, …. FEB’20, NOV’19, AUG’21)

Q.3 (ii) Write short notes on: b) Stoppage in Transit,

Q.8 b) Explain the following terms under voyage charter:

 (ii) Demurrage & Dispatch (JUL 22, JAN’21, MAY’18)
(iii) Deviation (JUL 22, JAN’21, MAY’18)

Q.8 Describe the significance of N.O.R. (Mar’22,….,….)

When a ship is considered “Arrived” (Mar’22,….,JUL 22, JAN’21, MAY’18, ……)
under what circumstance can a vessel be deemed “ready to load in all respect”. (Mar’22
Q.3 What is ‘note of protest’? (AUG’19, NOV’21, APR’21,…..,FEB’19)
Under what circumstances would it be advisable to ‘note protest’ and why? (AUG’19, AUG’21, APR’21)
Explain the procedure for ‘noting protest’. How is it lodged and extended? (AUG’19, NOV’21, APR’21)
Q.8 a) Distinguish between Note of protest and letter of protest.
b) Explain meaning of reversing the right to extend a protest. (AUG’21)
Q.4 b) In case of suspected cargo damage during the voyage what documents are to be submitted while noting
protest? (NOV’21)
Q.7 a) In order to extinguish fire, it has been necessary to flood a hold thereby causing some damage to the ship
and considerable damage to the cargo in that hold. What precautions should the master take on arrival on port?

Q.3 (a) Please explain “Both to Blame collision clause” and also “New Both to Blame collision clause”.
(…., ….., ……,
Q.8 With respect to Charter parties describe: (b) New Jason clause,
Q.7 (b) Write notes on: (i) Cesser Clause (…., ….., ……, …….

Q.5 In respect to Charter party clauses, write short notes on:

(i) Ice Clause
== VARIES ORDERERD-TO FORCE-ICE LIBERTY
1. This varies depending on the nature of the trade and generally gives the master the option to keep his vessel
away from ice bound ports
2. It states - vessel is not to be ordered to, nor bound to enter
any ice-bound lace or
any place where lights, buoys etc are or likely to be withdrawn by reason of ice on the vessel’s arrival or
where there is risk that due to ice, vsl will not be able to reach or get out of the place/port after ldg / disch.
3. The vessel is not obliged to force ice
4. If on account of ice the master considers it dangerous to remain in the port for fear of the vessel being
damaged, he has liberty to sail to a convenient open place and await the charterers instructions

(ii) Redelivery Clause

(iii) Indemnity Clause (APR’21, JAN’21)
Q.4 Explain the following charter party clauses and the role of the master in regards to their compliance / non-
compliance: a) Bill of Lading freight clause.

Q.4 (a) What are the Ship Owner’s (SHIPPER) Right and Immunities. Responsibilities and Liabilities under the
Hague Visby Rules? (……, ……, JUL’22, APR’21, …..
How do these differ under Hague Rules? (…., ….., APR’21
Q.8 (a) Discuss the responsibilities and liabilities of the Carrier and Shipper under Hague Visby Rules.
(…., ……_
Q.8 Hague Visby Rules 1968 establishes the responsibilities and liabilities attached to carrier. Discuss the various
aspects of the following provisions of HVR 1968:
a) Article II b) Article IV (MAY’19)
Q.8 What are the responsibilities and liabilities of the carrier as provided in Hague Rules 1924? (NOV’19, AUG’19)
Q.5 differences b/w Hague & Hague-Visby rules? Discuss and distinguish between Hague and Hagues Visby rules
as regards the following: (…., nov ’20)/
a) Applicability of the rules
b) Limitation of liability
c) Time limit for initiating claims and suits.
Q.6 As per Hague Visby rules, state the following: (a) Article II – Risks,

Q.7 With reference to York-Antwerp rules, explain the following:

a) Rule I – Jettison of cargo,
b) Rule XI – Wages and maintenance of crew and other expenses putting into and port of refuge,
c) Rule XII – Damage to cargo in discharging etc.
b) What is the purpose of York-Antwerp rules? Why was it necessary to amend these rules in 1994? (Mar’22)
Q.9 b) What a salient features of York Antwerp rules?(NOV’21)
YA rule states 3 clear principles
1. The danger to the ship must be iminent.
2. There must be voluntary jettisioning a portion of ship cargo in order to save the whole.
3. The attempt to avoid danger must be succesfull.
If a situations fulfills all above stipulations then all parties involved in the common maritine adventure shall
proportionatly share the burden of losses incurred to the owner or owners of the cargo that was jettisioned to save
the vessel.

1988 SUA 1992

Q.2 b) Describe salient features of SUA convention 1988. SHORT NOTE 8b 1988 and 2005 protocol, OBJECTIVE, SUA
against safety of maritime navigation convention including protocol 1988
(Mar’22, …., SEP’21, NOV’21, FEB’20, AUG’19, FEB’19, Nov’18)
Explain the concept of “offence” as per the SUA Convention. (MAY’22, FEB’19)
== Y A A HO O YEAR(1988-1992) APPLIES ACTION PROSECUTE/HAND-OVER OFFENSE (H E D O N I C S V A T I C)
HIJACKING DEVICES OTHER-ACTS NAV-AID COMMUNICATION SEIZURE VIOLENCE ACCOMPLICE THREAT COMPELLING
Protocols to the SUA treaties or The 2005 Protocols = G Y P P O(IP)
YEAR(2005-2010) POWER OFFENCE (ILLEGAL PERSONS)

Q.1 Discuss the salient provisions of international convention for the prevention of unlawful acts against the
safety of Maritime Navigation 1988. What is the important of this conversion in the context of recent incidents of
Piracy? (Mar’22)

1990 OPRC 1995

Q.3 Write short notes on any two of the following:
a) OPRC 1990 Convention (APR’22 SEP’21 ….. NOV’19 MAY’19 may 18) salient/main features
D C M P R E C I DESIGNED CO-OPERATION MUTUAL PREPARING-FOR RESPONDING-TO ENCOURAGE CAPABILITY
designed to facilitate international cooperation & mutual assistance in preparing for & responding to a major oil
pollution incident and to encourage States to develop and maintain an adequate capability to deal with oil pollution
emergencies.
The convention allocates IMO an important role as an operator of oil pollution co-ordinator.

SALIENT FEATURES E S O RA P–SEDA

ESTABLISH SOPEP OFFSHORE REPORT-ACTION PARTIES-STOCKPILE EXCERSIZE DETAILED ASSISTANCE

Obligation to coastal state for Creation of oil pollution preparedness and response:
1. National contingency plan. 2. Designated national authorities. 3. Operational focal points.

1992 CLC 1996

Q.5 What is the difference between Civil Liability Convention (CLC92) and the Fund Convention (FUND92)?
(…., JUL’22x2 , AUG’21, FEB’19, AUG’18x2, …., …., …., may 18, APR’22x2 MAY’19x2 , ….)
SHORT NOTES, salient features, Tier regime of compensation, limits of liability
== CLC YEAR TIER APPLIES OBJECTIVE INSURANCE LIABLE LIMIT CANNOT-LIMIT EXEMPTED-WAR/PIRATES/NAV-AIDS
FUND YEAR TIER COVER REQUIRED-EXEMPT/BANKRUPT/EXCEED PAY&MANAGE-FUND 203M 300.74M NOPAY-
NOT-PARTY/WAR/SOURCE-OF-DAMAGE
2003 SUPPLEMENTARY FUND YEAR TIER AIM OPTIONAL 750M
The 2002 amendments to CLC 92 and FUND 92 are incorporated into the M.S. Act 1958; what additional benefits are
available to the State? (…., JUL’22, FEB’19, may 18

Q.3 (a) State the purpose of FUND convention and circumstances under which the FUND will not have liability.
(b) Describe the salient features of bunker convention. (JAN’21)

Q.3 b) State the admissible claims including the limitations of liability for the ship owner under CLC 1992 and
limitation limit specified in FUND 1992 Protocol. (FEB’20)

Q.8 Describe the contents of Convention on Limitations of Liability for Maritime Claims (LLMC) (APR’22 Nov’18)
2004 BALLAST WATER MANAGEMENT 2017
Q.5 Describe the salient features of the following: b) Ballast Water Management Plan (NOV’21, NOV’18)
== 400 C L A P S DRAFT CLAPS
400GT COMPLYING LANGUAGE APPROVED PROCEDURES SEDIMENTS DESIGNATE REPORTING ACTIONS FORM
TRAINING LOG PARTICULARS SAMPLING

INTERNATIONAL HEALTH REGULATION (IHR) 2005

Q.4 (a) Define the following as per International Health Regulations, 2005 (IHR):
(i) Contamination (….., FEB’18, ==Presence of infectious or toxic agent or matter
on a human or animal body surface, in or on a product prepared for consumption or
on other inanimate objects, including conveyances, that may constitute a public health risk;
(ii) Deratting (….., FEB’18, == HEALTH MEASURE > RODENT VECTORS > PRESENT > ENTRY
(iii) Free Pratique (…, FEB’18, APR’22, NOV’18 == PH28CR PERMISSION HEALTH 28 CHECKS RADIO
(iv) Health measures (….., FEB’18, == procedures applied to prevent spread of disease or contamination;
does not include law enforcement or security measures;
(v) Inspection == examination by competent authority or under its supervision,
of areas, baggage, containers, conveyances, facilities, goods or postal parcels,
including relevant data & documentation, to determine if a public health risk exists.
(vi) Medical Examination (….., FEB’18,
== preliminary assessment of a person by an authorized health worker or by a person under the direct supervision of
the competent authority, to determine the person’s health status and potential public health risk to others,
and may include the scrutiny of health documents, and a physical examination when justified by the circumstances
of the individual case;

ISM Code
Q.5 (a) State the elements of ISM Code. (NOV’22)

(b) As per the Code describe the overriding authority of Master and Responsibility and the role of DPA. (NOV’22)

Q.3 Write short notes on: b) Safety Management System

IACS
Q.1 a) Explain the reasons for a ship to be claimed with a classification society. (NOV’21)

b) Describe the role of “Recognised Organisation” in survey and certification of ships under the authority of
flag State. (NOV’21)

Q.2 a. What is the purpose of classification of ships? (MAY’22, FEB’19, May’18)

Discuss the evolution of classification and their contribution in making ships that are safe and environmental
friendly. (…, MAY’22, FEB’19, feb’18)

VGP
Q.7 (a) Explain the salient features of NPDES regulation. (NOV’22
== P R C L T PERMIT REGULATING CONTROL LICENSE TYPES
(b) Enumerate the contents of the various discharge types that are eligible for coverage under VGP. (NOV’22
== D C A F E D – DUCWAS C – FBC A – REGG F – FAB E – BG MENSS BC FD
C
DECK - DUCWAS DUCKWALKS FFA LSA – FAB
1. Deck Wash down and Runoff and Above Water 12. Fire main Systems
Line Hull Cleaning 5. Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF)
23. Underwater Ship Husbandry 21. Boat Engine Wet Exhaust
8. Chain Locker Effluent
24. Well-deck Discharges (such as FPK Store bilge) ENGINE – BIG MEN’SS BC FD
4. Anti-fouling Hull Coatings 6. Boiler / Economizer Blow down
22. Sonar Dome Discharge 14. Gas Turbine Wash water
16. Motor Gasoline and Compensating Discharge
CARGO / BALLAST – FBC FABRIC 26. Exhaust Gas Scrubber Wash-water Discharge
27. Fish Hold Effluent 17. Non-Oily Machinery Wastewater
3. Ballast Water 19. Seawater Cooling Overboard Discharge
7. Cathodic Protection 20. Seawater Piping Bio-fouling Prevention
2. Bilge water /Oily Water Separator Effluent
ACCOMODATION – REGGAE 9. Controllable Pitch Propeller and Thruster
18. Refrigeration and Air Condensate Discharge Hydraulic Fluid
11. Elevator Pit Effluent 13. Freshwater Layup
15. Gray water 10. Distillation and Reverse Osmosis Brine
25. Gray-water mixed with Sewage from Vessels

Q.2 b) Describe in brief, requirements for voyage general permit under NPDES regulations prior calling on to US
ports. (JUL’22, AUG’18)

MSA
Q.2 b) Give a brief overview of contents of MSA 1958. (JAN’21)

Q.6 What are the provisions in Merchant Shipping Act, 1958 regarding obtaining a certificate of Registry of an
Indian ship and replacement of a lost certificate? (Mar’22)
Q.6 State the provision of Merchant Shipping Act, 1958 relating to:
a) Custody and use of Certificate of Registry (section 35) (MAY’22, MAY’19) == LPU
b) Delivery of Certificate of Registry of ship lost (section 39) (MAY’22, MAY’19, MAR’22)
== RuPPeeS
Q.4 State the provisions in MSA concerning: iii) Issue of certificate of registry.(AUG’21)
Q.7 a) Which ships are required to be registered in India?
b) Discuss the procedure of registry of a ship in India? (SEP’21)
Q1. b) As per MSA 1958, write down entries to be made by Registrar in Ship’s Register book with him.
(JUL 22, AUG’18)

Q.4 What are the provisions of MSA 1958 as amended with respect to Accommodation, Health & Provisions?
(SEP’21, AUG’21) == PISDA – provisions inspection shipping-master detain accomadation
Q.2 State the provision of MSA 1958 concerning : a) Article of agreement for seamen. (MAR’22)
Q.6 c) Agreement with crew on Indian ship section (section 100) (MAY’22, MAY’19)
== PaeDiaTRiCian – prescribed dispute terms requirements copy
 Terms = NVDC ToWs RPC and RPO
Name voyage department capacity time wages regulations provisions cold repatriation payment other
Q.7 b) State the provision of the MSA, 1958 with respect to Deserters and distressed seamen. (MAY’19)
== ECRSC ECRSeniorChief-eng = ENTRY COPY REPLY STATEMENT COURT
(Mar’22)
Q.2 As per M.S. Act, enumerate the various offences against ‘On Board Discipline’. Describe the procedure for
‘Entry of offences in the Official Log Book’. (NOV’20)
Q.4 With respect to Merchant Shipping Act as amended, state : a) Entries to be made in Official Log Book,
== E.T.S. ENTRIES TIME SIGNED
ENTRY =CO2 BMI DoWn MCQO
conviction offencex2 birth marriage injury/illness death wages money/property ceases quality other
Q.9 What are the requirements for the official Log Book in Indian vessel? What are the entries to be made in this
book? (SEP’21)

Q.9 Discuss the statutory obligations of the ship as per MS Act 1958 for the following:
(i) To render assistance to a vessel in distress. (NOV’22, MAY’22, FEB’19, may 18, feb 18)
== RAOU - RECEIVING ANSWERED OBLIGATION UNABLE
(ii) In the event of collision with another vessel in high seas.(NOV’22, SEP’22. MAY’22, FEB’19, may 18, feb 18)

Q.3 a) Discuss the provisions of the MSA 1958 with regard to unseaworthy and unsafe ships.
(SEP’22, MAR’22, NOV’21, AUG’21, NOV’19,AUG’19)
== DeaDFAR
D – MCQQ WD CBEM // DEFINITION DETENTION FINAL ASSESSOR REPORT
b) Explain are the provisions of MSA 1958 with regard to:
i) Sending an un-seaworthy ship to sea and obligation of owner and Master in crew with respect to
seaworthiness.
ii) Certificate of Seaworthiness (NOV’21) == DECk
Q.3 Describe the purpose and content of the following certificates with regard to the statutory provisions of
Merchant Shipping Act 1958:
(a) Certificate A & B for special trade passenger ships(NOV’19,AUG’19,OCT’22,AUG’18,feb’18)
== A – CONTENT – SENO1 //
== B – CONTENT – ViCCo MeFW NO //
(b) Safety Certificates in respect of Cargo Ships.(OCT’22, feb 18)
ii) Explain the provisions of Special Trade Passenger Ships Agreement. (Jan’22)
Q.7 a) With regard to Special Trade Passenger ships explain Special trade passenger, special trade passenger
ships, cert A and cert B. (AUG’18)

Q4 (b) Enumerate the key provisions of Merchant Shipping Act 1958 on Limitations of Liability for Maritime Claims.
(FEB’18)
Q.3 c) Claims excluded from limitation of liability as per MSA 1958. (NOV’20)
 MARPOL / SOLAS
Q.2 Enumerate the following amendments to SOLAS/MARPOL with respect of:
(a) Polar Code (….,feb 18)
2015 Amendments –
1. Amendments to Annex I, II, IV and V to make use of environment-related provisions of the Polar Code
mandatory.

(b) IGF Code (….,feb 18)

Q.2 a) Write down the latest amendments to SOLAS, which came into force in January 2016 and will come into
force in July 2016 January 2024. (JUL 22 AUG’18)
 2016 Amendments – Latest in force
1. Revised GESAMP hazard evaluation procedure for NLS (Annex II)
2. Inclusion of Baltic Sea as Special Area under Annex IV
3. Amendment in the Form of ISPP certificate
4. Amendment to Annex V – Solid bulk cargo other than grain shall be declared by the shipper as to whether or
not they are harmful to the marine environment. (HME Substances). Accordingly, if any cargo is HME, it
cannotbe discharged as per discharge criteria of Annex V, even if in cargo holdwash water.
5. Amendments to the GRB including entry for disposal of garbage in Polar waters and adding Garbage
Category J for non HME Cargo residues and K for HME cargo residues.

Q.6 Explain the following amendments in respect of: a) SOLAS dealing with
goal based ship construction standard, (JUL 22 may 18)

testing of AIS, (JUL 22 may 18)

pilots transfer arrangements and (JUL 22 may 18)

life boat on load release mechanisms. (JUL 22 may 18, ….,FEB’19

== pg 160 rohan

Q.2 Enumerate the following amendments to SOLAS/MARPOL with respect of:

a) Venting cargo tanks(APR’22 MAY’19)

Q.9 Give a summary of “Additional Safety measures for Bulk Carriers” (Chapter XII, SOLAS), which entered into
force on 1st July 1999. (AUG’19)

Q.9 Discuss the latest changes that have been incorporated into SOLAS and MARPOL to ensure a safe and
cleaner environment. (Mar’22)
Q.4 d) Actual discharge and probable discharge as per MARPOL. (Nov’18)

Q.4 a) State the key regulations of MARPOL 73/78 Annex I relating to prevention of pollution by oil, if complied
with by cargo ships including tankers, would lead to the issuance of IOPP Certificate. (JUL 22 AUG’18)
== ISCEV-TEC IS CLEVER TECH ISSUED SURVEY COMPLETION ENDORSED VALID – TIME ENDORSED CHANGE
PG132 ROHAN

Q.8 (b) Discuss the contents and validity of IOPP certificate. (…., AUG’18)
== CCSSSDD PTE
COUNTRY COMPETENT SIGNATURE SEAL STATEMENT DATE DATE PARTICULARS TYPE ENDORSEMENT

Q.5 State briefly the objectives of the following and state how they contribute to prevent pollution and a safer
environment: ii) Ship board oil pollution prevention emergency plan. (SEP’21)

Q.7 a) State the contents of SOPEP Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan (SOPEP) ). (…., Nov’18)
and Shipboard Marine Pollution Emergency Plan (SMPEP). (…., Nov’18)
== SOPEP - RCAFPPI
REPORTING CONTACTS ACTION FOLLOW-UP POINT-OF-CONTACT PLANS INVENTORY
SMPEP Marpol Annex 2 Reg 17 Required for Tanker carrying noxious liquid in bulk 》 150 GT
Content similar to SMPEP REPORTING CONTACTS ACTION POINT-OF-CONTACT PLANS INVENTORY

Q5 b) List the entries to be made in ORB part 1 & part 2. (JUL 22…., AUG’18)
== ORB 1 – MACHINERY SPACES ABBBCDEF
BALLASTING DISCHARGE COLLECTION BILGE BUNKERING ACCIDENTAL EQUIPMENT-FAILURE
== ORB 2 – CARGO/BALLAST OPRTN
CARGOx5 DISCHARGEx3 ODMCS BALLASTx3 OPTNL PROC & GENERAL REMARKS

Q.2 Enumerate the following amendments to SOLAS/MARPOL with respect of:

a) Venting cargo tanks(APR’22 MAY’19)
b) Annex I - Oil residues (APR’22 MAY’19)
==
oil and oily waste from machinery spaces oil from cargo spaces :

For all ships of 400 GT and above, discharged under the
following conditions:
a) Ship must be enroute.
b) Oily mixture processed through oil filtering equipment
Outside special area – as per reg 14 of annex I
(15ppm oil filtering system)
Inside special area except Antartic area – as per reg 14.7
of annex I
(15ppm oil filtering system + automatic stopping device)
c) The oil content of the effluent without dilution must
not exceed 15ppm.
d) The mixture must not have its source from cargo
pump-room bilges.
e) The mixture must not be mixed with oil cargo
residues.
discharged only under the following conditions:
a) Ship must not be in a special area.
b) Ship must be more than 50 NM away from the nearest
land.
c) Ship must be enroute.
d) The instantaneous rate of discharge must not exceed
30L/NM
e) Total quantity discharged must not exceed 1/30,000
of the residue formed cargo.
f) Ship must have in operation ODMCS and slop tank
arrangements as per Reg 31 & 29 respectively.
Q.4(b) Describe the discharge criteria for different category of Noxious Liquid substances in Annex II of MARPOL.
(JAN’21)
== P&A X – PREWASH MANDATORY (0.1%) Y - PREWASH FOR SOLIDYFYING & HIGH VISCOSITY CARGO
ENROUTE 7/4KTS 12NM 25M BELOW WATER LINE
OS – NO LIMITATIONS

Q.8 C) Disposal option as per Annex IV of MARPOL. (SEP’21)

== the effluent does not produce visible solids or discolouration of the water.

Sewage from Holding tank and spaces - more than 12 NM

- ship enroute
- ship speed must be minimum 4 knots.
- discharged at moderate rate approved by administration.
Comminuted and disinfected sewage more than 3 NM from nearest land.
Discharge from an approved in Anywhere
operation STP
For passenger ships, Baltic Sea is a special area,
where discharge of sewage prohibited,
except when the ship has in operation an certified & approved STP by the Administration.

Q9. b) Write down the contents of following certificates:

(i) Cargo Ship Safety Equipment Certificate (APR’22, Nov’18)

Q.7 b) Explain the entries to be made in Cargo Record Book for chemical cargoes as per MARPOL Annex II. (NOV’21)
== CARGOx3 DISCHARGEx4 BALLASTx2 CONTROL OPTNL PROC & GENERAL REMARKS

Q.4 (a) What measures have been taken to control the Sox emission in Annex VI of MARPOL. List the ways in
which a ship can comply with the above.
(JAN’21)
Q.6 Explain the following:
(b) MARPOL 73/78 Annex –VI amendments dealing with energy efficiency measures and emission control.
(….JUL 22 FEB’19 may 18)
==
MARPOL LATEST AMENDMENTS:

 2011 Amendments – Regulations on energy efficiency for ships added to Annex VI

Revised discharge criteria for disposal of garbage (Annex V)

 2012 Amendment – Regional arrangements for port reception facilities under Annex I, II, IV & V.

 2013 Amendments –Form A and B of supplements to the IOPP Certificate (Annex I)

Condition Assessment scheme included in Annex I.
RO Code (The Code for Recognized Organizations) to be made mandatory under Annex I and II

 2014 Amendments –
1. Mandatory carriage requirements for a stability instrument under Annex I.
2. III Code (IMO Instruments Implementation Code) made mandatory under Annex I, II, III, IV and V) whereby
every Party shall be subject to periodic audits by the Organization for verification of compliance with the
provisions of the Convention.
3. Appendix – Criteria for the identification of harmful substances in packaged form.

2015 Amendments –
2. Amendments to Annex I, II, IV and V to make use of environment-related provisions of the Polar Code
mandatory.
3. Amendments to Annex I regulation on Tanks for oil residues (sludge).

 2016 Amendments – Latest in force

6. Revised GESAMP hazard evaluation procedure for NLS (Annex II)
7. Inclusion of Baltic Sea as Special Area under Annex IV
8. Amendment in the Form of ISPP certificate
9. Amendment to Annex V – Solid bulk cargo other than grain shall be declared by the shipper as to whether or
not they are harmful to the marine environment. (HME Substances). Accordingly, if any cargo is HME, it
cannotbe discharged as per discharge criteria of Annex V, even if in cargo holdwash water.
10. Amendments to the GRB including entry for disposal of garbage in Polar waters and adding Garbage
Category J for non HME Cargo residues and K for HME cargo residues.
 STCW
Q.9 What the salient features of STCW ’78 convention are, as amended in 2010. Why the amendment was
necessary?
Q.2 b) Enumerate the 2010 Manila Amendments to Standards of Training Certification and Watch Keeping
(STCW 1978). (Nov’18)
== DEPROGRAMMES EVALUATION POLAR REST OIL AB MARINE MEDICAL ETO SECURITY
Adopted in 2010, Inforce in 2012 by taccit acceptance procedure, Follwing are the ammendments:
1. Strengthen evaluation system and system againt fraudulent practices wrt COC.
2. New training requirement for trading in polar regions.
3. Rest hours increased from 70 hr to 77 hrs per week.
4. Updating and New training requirement for personal serving in oil tankers.
5. New certificate requirement for AB.
6. New training requirement for awarenwess in marine enviroment.
7. Updated standards for medical fitness certificate.
8. New training requirement for Electrical officer.
9. New trainig requirement regarding security personal serving on board.
Q.5 a) As per STCW 1978 as amended explain the conditions under which a ship will be subject to detailed PSC
inspection. (AUG’21)
Q.2 (a) Describe the Port State Control provisions in STCW convention. (JAN’21)

CERT. & DOC.

Q.4 a. List the statutory and mandatory certificates and documents carried on board an Indian registered gas
carrier in conformance with IMO Convention and Codes. (MAY’22, FEB’19, MAY’18 NOV’18)

Q.5 List out the documents to be carried on board a vessel as per various International conventions. (Mar’22)

Q.1 (b) Discuss the role of ports and coast guard in the capacity of coastal state authority to regulate maritime
traffic on the coast of India and protect Indian coast line pollution. (…., FEB 18)
 MLC
Q.8 Enumerate the requirements of MLC 2006 towards the following:
(a) Seafarers Employment Agreements, Wages and Repatriation.
Term of employment // ‘conditions of employment’
(….,JUL 22 MAY’22 APR’22, MAY’19, FEB’19, NOV’18…,NOV’19)
== TITLE 2. CONDITION OF EMPLOYMENT
2.1 SEA –
WRITTEN ON LEGAL DOCUMENT; AGREED TO & ADVISE & REVIEW FOR T&C;
INCORPORATE CBA & AVAILABLE ONBOARD SIGNED BY SEAFARER & OWNER, BOTH HAVE OG COPY
2.2 WAGES –
PAID REGULARLY AS PER SEA; MONTHLY INTERVALS;
MONTHLY ACCOUNT OF PAYMENT DUE & PAID; PROVIDE MEANS TO TRANSMIT EARNINGS;
CURRENCY EXCHANGE – PREVAILING MARKET RATE;
2.3 HOURS OF WORK AND HOURS OF REST –
NORMAL WORKING HRS – 8 HR A DAY, 1 DAY REST PER WEEK & ON PUBLIC HOLIDAY OR AS PER CBA
MAX WORK HRS – 14 HRS IN 24 HR; 72 HRS IN 7 DAY
MIN REST HRS – 10 HRS IN 24 HR; 77 HRS IN 7 DAY
REST HRS NOT DIVIDED INTO MORE THAN 2 PERIODS, 1 PERIOD ATLEAST 6 HRS; INTERVAL B/W NOT EXCEED 14 HRS
MUSTER & DRILL MINIMIZE DISTURBANCE AND NOT INDUCE FATIGUE
ON CALL IN UMS SHIP – ADEQUATE COMPENSATORY REST GIVEN
SHIBOARD WORKING ARRANGEMENT POSTED COMMON AREAS
(b) Occupational health, Health protection, Medical Care, Welfare and Provisions for Social Security Protection
(….,JUL 22 MAY’22 AUG’21, MAY’19 FEB’19 feb 18)

(c) Roles and responsibilities of Flag State and Port State as laid down in MLC 2006. (….,FEB’20 FEB’19

Q.7 Describe the following with respect to various MLC Convention:

a) Nature of medical examination prior engaging crew for employment.
b) Circumstances in which an agreement between a seaman and ship owner is duly terminated.
c) Circumstances in which a seaman is entitled to repatriation. (NOV’20)

Q.8 State the provisions of MLC 2006 regarding:

a) Minimum requirements for seafarers to work on ships. (NOV’21, feb 18)
b) Accommodation and recreational facilities, food and catering and (NOV’21, AUG’21, JAN’21, NOV’19 feb 18
C) Declaration of Maritime Labour Compliance (DMLC).(NOV’21)

Q.5 Write short notes on the following as per Maritime Labour Convention 2006:
c) Responsibilities of labour-supplying nations (JUL 22 MAY’22 MAY’19)
Q.6 i) List the items those are necessarily inspected for issuance of MLC Certificate to a ship.

Q.5 Write short notes on following c) Maritime Labour Convention 2006 (AUG’18)
 ILO
Q.2 Write short notes on any two of the following ILO conventions:
a) Right to organize & Collective bargaining conventions no. 98

b) Ship’s Medical Chest recommendations No. 105.

c) Seafarers Identity Documents Conventions No. 108. (SEP’21)

Q.8 ILO Convention 134 “Prevention of Accidents” plays an important role in safety on board vessels.
Describe the main provisions of the convention and how they assist in reducing occupational accidents? (APR’21
AUG’19)
q.30 72 set

Q.4 c) Convention and Protocol.

==
• A convention is formal agreement between states and
is usually an instrument negotiated under an
international organization such as IMO.
• A convention is a written agreement with several parts.
• Conventions form a major part of maritime affairs
governed by the IMO.
Conventions generally have several sub-parts, which
would describe in details various aspects of the subject
defined by that particular convention.
For e.g. MARPOL convention has six parts which are
known as annexes.
• When a major amendment is to be incorporated on
regulations of the convention, a protocol is called among
the countries, who are signatory of the original
convention when it was signed and approved. For e.g.
for MARPOL 73/78, year 73 is the year in which the
convention was adopted and year 78 was when the
protocol was adopted.
• A protocol is one of the ways in which a convention can
be modified.
• A protocol is used for the modification of an IMO
convention when
a) There is a significant change to the original convention
b) When a new chapter is added to the original
convention. (like when Annex VI was added to MARPOL)
c) When a change is applicable to all the chapters
d) When IMO feels, the change need to be brought by
the protocol

• It is also possible that details given within a convention The amendments by protocols are not binding on all the
are put under an associated code, which provides further states that have ratified the original convention. The
technical details of that aspect. amendments by the protocols are only binding to the
Fore.g. LSA code gives details of requirements for states that ratify the new protocol.
equipments required onboard ship as per SOLAS Chapter
III.
• Each State which is a Party to the Convention must
accept the details mentioned in Convention put forth by
the IMO and agree to international supervision required
under such conventions.
convention is not a law in itself.
A convention becomes a law when it is implemented in a
country’s own legal system.
• In simple words, conventions act as a treaty between
the IMO and member states. Regulations are generally
technical provisions of the convention.
• Examples of IMO conventions are SOLAS Convention,
MARPOL Convention,Load Line Convention, Tonnage
Convention, etc.