ENGLISH 10: QUARTER 1 - Offers an analysis or restated of primary

Information from Various Sources sources.

- Materials which summarize, interpret,
INFORMATIONS reorganize, or otherwise provide an added
- Are facts provided or what you learned value to a primary source.
about something or someone. - Created after the event; created by someone
not from the time period.
METHODS OF GATHERING Examples: Websites, Blogs, Documentaries,
INFORMATIONS Biographies, Encyclopedias, History
- Listening Textbooks, Academic Articles, Interviews and
- Reading excerpts
- Interviews 3. Tertiary Sources
- Questioning - Lists, compiles, or indexes primary and
- Questionnaires secondary information sources.
- Observation - These sources are most often used to look up
- Study of Existing Reports facts or to get a general idea about something.
- Some reference materials and textbooks are
RELEVANT SOURCES OF considered tertiary sources when their chief
INFORMATIONS purpose is to list, summarize or simply
1. News Reports repackage ideas or other information.
- Are found in newspapers, televisions, or Examples: Almanacs, Chronologies,
radios which aim to inform the readers, Directories, Manuals, Handbooks,
listeners, or viewers of what is happening in Guidebooks, Indexes, Statistics
the world around them.
2. Speech
- Refers to the formal address or discourse
delivered to an audience.
3. Informative Talks
- Tend to educate the audience on a particular
subject.
- It helps the audience understand a subject
better and remember what they learned later.
4. Panel Discussion
- Is a live or virtual discussion about a specific
topic amongst a selected group of panelist
who share differing perspective in front of a
large audience.

CLASSIFICATION OF SOURCES OF
INFORMATION
1. Primary Source
- Provides direct or firsthand information about
an event, person, object, or a work of art.
- They are original materials which have not
been interpreted, condensed, or evaluate by a
secondary party.
- Materials that were created at the time the
event occurred or by those who experienced
the event.
Examples: Diary, Interview Transcript, Oral
History Interviews, Letters, Audio
Recordings, Films and movies, Maps, News
Paper Articles, etc.
2. Secondary Sources
ENGLISH 10: QUARTER 1
Textual Aids
TEXTUAL AIDS
- Refer to non-textual elements that help
readers understand the content of the text.
- They also refer to elements that stand out
from the main text such as titles and
subtitles, bold, italicized, and underlined
text.
- Non-textual elements include illustrations,
maps, tables, graphs, and charts.
FUNCTIONS OF TEXTUAL AIDS
- To direct readers’ attention to important
ideas in the text.
- To provide more information as a
supplement to what is already written.
ADVANCE ORGANIZERS, TITLES, NON-
LINEAR ILLISTRATIONS
1. Advance organizers
- Teachers use advance organizers to
introduce a lesson and guide learners on
how to think about it.
- Gives a preview of the lesson to the
learners, gives and interest to the whole
text
TYPES:
A. Expository Advance Organizers
- Gives students a broad idea of the lessons
purpose before lesson begins.
B. Narrative Advance Organizers
- Involve storytelling
C. Skimming
- A teacher may ask students to skim over a
reading, focusing on highlighted
information, such as captions or chapter
headings.
D. Graphic Organizers
- They structure information visually or in
pictures.
- Usually one page forms with lots of blank
areas so they’re easy for students to skim
before the lessons.
TYPES OF GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS:
 Pursuasion Map
- An interactive graphic organizer that helps
students familiarizes them with the process
of persuasive writing.
- It assists them with outlining and
preparing arguments for their essays,
speeches, debates, etc.
 Sequence Chart
- A tool that helps visualize the order of
steps of a process or a timeline, events, etc.
- It can also be used for note-taking, lesson-
planning, and essay-writing.
 Story Map
- Can be used to identify the different
elements such as characters, character
plots, themes, techniques, etc. in a book.
 Biography Graphic Organizer
- A tool that assists with understanding a
character from a novel, autobiography or
movie or a historical figure more in-depth.
 Learning Maps
- Visually depict the key takeaways – skills,
ideas, knowledge – students should get
from a lesson.
- Provides a high-level view of the
lesson/unit/course that is to be studied and
the connection between its different
components.
 Vocabulary Graphic Organizer
- Used to assess the vocabulary knowledge
of students.
 Problem Solving Organizer
- Used to improve the problem-solving
skills of the students.
- Helps students identify and evaluate
solutions to problems.
 Timeline Graphic Organizer
- Shows a sequence of events in
chronological order.
- Used to show progress of something (i.e.
growth of a business) or changes.
 T-chart
- Allows students to study two facets of a
topic. (Ex: Pros and Cons)
 Hierarchy chart
- Visualizes the elements of a system,
organization, or concept from its highest
position to the lowest.
 Star Diagram
- Used to organize the characteristics of a
chosen topic.
- Can also be used to brainstorm around new
topics.
  Cluster Diagram
- Used to facilitate a brainstorming session
or structure idea generation and even to
help with exploring new topics.
 Lotus Diagram
- An analytical tool that can e used to
breakdown broader and more complex
topics into smaller components for easy
understanding.
 Cause and Effect Graphic Organizer
- Shows the causes and effects of an event.
 Mind Map
- Helps Capture the free flow of thought and
is widely used for brainstorming around
topics.
- Can also be used to organize and group
information about a topic.
 Double Bubble Map
- Much like a Venn diagram and is used to
identify similar and different qualities
between two things.
 Venn Diagram
- Visually represent a comparison of
differences and similarities between two
subjects.
- It can include more than two topics and
one common area.
E. KWL Chart
- Has a division of three columns that is
used to assess the learners’ knowledge of
the lesson.
F. Analogies
- Comparison of two things that are alike in
some way.
2. Title
- Providing titles for passages and texts
improves the comprehension and
memorability of text.
- Used to facilitate comprehension at later
stages of processing.
- To draw the reader’s attention to important
information, the texts are made Bold,
Italic, or Colored to stand out.
3. Non-linear Illustrations
- Has visuals or graphs
TYPES:
A. Table
- An arrangement of information in rows
and columns containing cells that makes
comparing and contrasting of information
easier.
B. Graph
- Used when a simple table cannot
adequately demonstrate important
relationships of and within data.
TYPES OF GRAPHS:
 Bar Graph
- Uses either vertical or horizontal bars to
show the data it represents.
 Line Graph
- Used to show how numerical data have
changed over time and best used to show
trends.
 Pie Graph
- Shows a whole divided into parts.
 Pictograph
- Pictorial representation of data using
images, icons, or symbols.
ILLUSTRATIONS
- A visual representation that includes
pictures to show data.
MAPS
- A visual representation of selected
characteristics of a place, usually drawn on
a flat surface.
TYPES:
1. Physical Map
- Includes labels for features such as
mountain ranges and bodies of water.
2. Political Map
- Includes labels for features such as cities
and major towns, units such as states or
provinces, and bodies of water.
ENGLISH 10: QUARTER 1 - The story’s message or moral about life or
Identifying the Writer’s Purpose human nature that is communicated by a
literary work.
STORYLINES
- Creatively written by a writer that is made
up of different elements that coherently
keep the story together.

ELEMEENTS OF A STORY
1. Plot
- The organization of the main events of a
work of fiction.
PARTS OF PLOT:
A. Exposition
- Usually occurs at the beginning of a short
story where the characters are introduced.
This is also where we learn about the
setting ; this part also presents other facts
that re necessary to understand the story.
B. Rising Action
- Includes all the events that lead to the
climax that also represents the conflict.
C. Climax
- The highest point or the turning point of
the story that usually where the main
character comes face to face with a
conflict. The main character will change in
some way.
D. Falling Action
- The conflicts in the climax are starting to
be resolved.
E. Resolution
- The story comes to a reasonable end.
2. Setting
- The time and the place where the story
occurs.
3. Characters
- Imaginary people represented in a work of
fiction.
TYPES OF CHARACTERS:
 Protagonist (Bida)
 Antagonist (Kontrabida)
4. Conflict
- The struggle between two forces in the
story that provides interest, suspense, and
tension.
TYPES OF CONFLICTS:
 Man vs. Man
 Man vs. Society
 Man vs. Self
 Man vs. Nature
 Man vs. Technology
 Man vs. Supernatural
5. Theme