ST.

VINCENT COLLEGE OF CABUYAO

Mamatid, City of Cabuyao, Laguna
S.Y.: 2022 – 2023

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

MODULE (1st Sem)
PE and health – 11

I. MODULE: 5
TOPIC: Safety Etiquettes and Community Resources in Case of Emergency
REFERENCE: DIWA Senior High School Series; Physical Education and
Health; Pages (74-82)

II. OBJECTIVES:
At the end of this module; the students should be able to:
1. Identify the personal safety protocol to avoid dehydration, overexertion,
hypo- and hyperthermia during MVPA participation.
2. Determine steps to take or things to do in case of injuries or
emergencies.
3. Evaluate the causes and types of injury.

III. KEY CONCEPT:(SUMMARY OF THE LESSON)

Getting ready for extreme Environmental Conditions

The environmental condition has a direct impact on the intensity of your exercise.
The body has the capability to adapt heat, cold, elevation, and air quality, among others.

Humid and Hot Weather

Exercising in hot and humid conditions causes the body to increase its
temperature. As your sweat evaporates, your body is cooled. In humid conditions,
however, sweat does not evaporate easily, thus your body is not cooled effectively.
When your body temperature stays elevated or continues to increase, hyperthermia
may then occur.

The symptoms of hyperthermia include the following:

 Heat cramps –these refer to muscle cramps caused by extreme heat exposure
and low water consumptions.
 Heat exhaustion – this is caused by excessive heat exposure which is
characterized by paleness, sweaty skin, tiredness, nausea, dizziness, muscle
cramps, and sometimes vomiting and fainting.
 Heatstroke – This is caused by very high body temperature and can lead to
vomiting and uncontrollable shaking.

To avoid hyperthermia, remember the following:

 Start slowly.
 Hydrate properly.
 Use appropriate clothing.
 Rest periodically.
  Avoid exercising in extreme heat and humidity.
 If heat-related injury happens, do first aid and get help.

Extreme Cold Conditions

Low –temperature conditions also pose a set of health risks.
 Hypothermia – this condition is the rapid cooling of the body wherein the
temperature drops quickly. Symptoms are shivering, drowsiness, lack of
coordination, slurred speech, and possible loss of consciousness.
 Frostbite – part of the body becomes frozen. A person suffering from this usually
feels no pain, more dangerous.

To avoid the dangers posed by extreme cold, keep the following in mind:
 Avoid excessively cold and windy weather.
 Dress appropriately.
 Watch your time.
 Stop if you feel anything out of the ordinary.

Safe Participation in Physical Activities

 Wear appropriate clothing for sun protection
 Use sunscreen.
 Eat and hydrate well.
 Do not participate alone.
 Check the weather forecast.
 Know the environmental well.
 Make sure you know the skills necessary for the required activity.
 Use the correct equipment.
 Take shelter whenever necessary.

Avoid Common Injuries

Individuals who engage in various types of physical activities such as sports and
exercise have a higher risk of getting injured as compared to those who practice
sedentary lifestyle.

Injuries are damaged tissues or organs which occur when it encounters trauma or
physical force.
Structure Function Acute Injury
Ligaments Stabilize joints Sprain – Overstretched
Tendons Attaches muscles to bones Strain–Excessive Stretching
Muscles Creates movements Strain
Bones Anchor for muscles Fracture – Breaks in the
continuity of the bone.
Joints Fulcrum for movement Dislocation – Bones that are
pushed out from their joint.

Chronic Injuries
Stress Fracture – occur among runners who train for long periods without
adequate rest periods. The repetitive workload creates micro-trauma.
 Tendinopathy/Tendinitis – the most common overuse injury in sports involves
the muscle-tendon which usually due to muscle imbalance between muscle pairs.
Osteoarthritis – is the wear and tear of a joint that in severe cases, doctors may
recommend surgery to replace the joint.
Bursitis – the bursa is a sac-like musculoskeletal structure that provides support
and cushioning to the joint. It protects commonly used joints such as shoulders and
knees from repetitive mechanical stress. This injury is common in swimmers and
runners. The inflammation of the bursa interrupts the surrounding structures, causing
pain during movement.

Cause of Injury
 Environmental/accidental injury
 Overuse injuries
May also be classified as:
Internally Caused Injuries
 Overuse injuries – caused by intense training.
 Sudden injuries– caused instantly by actions such as overstretching, twisting or
turning.
Externally Caused Injuries
 Impact injuries – impact from a sudden application of force.
 Foul play injuries – caused by another player.
 Accidents
 Equipment/Apparel
Safety Etiquettes
Preparation
 Training
 Warm-up
 Physical state
Participation
 Fair play
 Officials
 Research
Safety in the Use of Sports Facilities and Equipment
 Correctness – the right equipment must be used at the right time.
 Condition – all equipment must be regularly checked.

School Community Resources in Case of Injury or Emergency

First, you should know the following pieces of information:
1. Location of the first-aid kits
2. Location of the nearest telephone
3. Phone numbers of nearby hospitals, health care centers, or emergency units.
4. Directions and best routes to the nearest hospital
5. Means of transportation
Here are some things to keep in mind when a fellow participant gets injured:
1. Assess the situation immediately.
2. Make sure that the injured person has enough space to breathe.
3. Do not move or attempt to move the injure person.
4. Keep calm.
5. Do not remove the person’s equipment unless emergency treatment is required.
 6. Assess the injury itself.
7. Contact the injured person’s family immediately.
8. Request another person to assist you.
9. While waiting, keep an eye on the injured person.
10. Do not provide the injured person with food or drink, unless the situation requires
the intake of food or fluids.
11. When help arrives, describe what happened.
12. Make an accident/incident report and submit it to concerned officials.

Prepared by: Checked by:

MARIBEL S. CASIN, LPT KIMBERLY S. MAGBOO, LPT

P.E and HEALTH Teacher SHS Academic Coordinator

Approved by:
TEOFILO H. ORIO JR., LPT, MAEd
SHS Department Head