Lesson III

LAWS OF MOTION

Lesson Objectives:
At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to:
a) Discuss and explain Newton’s third law of motion – the law of interaction; and
b) Enumerate the requirements for the two forces to be considered as an action-reaction
pair.

INTRODUCTION

Based on Newton’s first law of motion, a body at rest will remain at rest unless acted by a
net external force. Considering this law, you will remain at rest unless you exert a force on your
body to move. However, without exerting a force or work, do you think no force really acts on
your body? Is there a possibility that forces are actually acting on you yet they just cancel out?

Activity 1: WARM UP ACTIVITY

Action–Reaction
There’s a Party Going On!

Direction/s: Read the following situation and then answer the questions that follow after
analyzing the situation. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
Situation: Your friends are enjoying the party until they feel tired standing too long
while entertaining each other. But there's a problem. You don't have any
chairs to spare for your friends because you forgot to bring back the chairs
that your aunt borrowed from you the last time you met each other at your
little cousin's birthday party. All you have is the three-person sofa you had
 in your living room where the party was playing.
Questions: 1. Do you think you and your friends will fit on the three-person sofa you
have? Explain your answer.
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2. What if none of you wanted to sit on the floor and would want to have
the share and sit on the sofa? Will the sofa be able to take the weight of
you and your friends without breaking? Explain.
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LET’S DIVE IN!!!

Newton’s Third Law of Motion: Law of Interaction

Newton’s third law of motion is also known as the law of interaction. This law describes
how an action results in an equal and yet, opposite reaction.

Newton’s Third Law of Motion states:

"To every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction".

The law of interaction states that when an object

exerts a force on another object, the second object exerts
another force that is equal and opposite in direction. These
forces are called action-reaction pair. Figure 1: The woman in the figure 1
pushes the ground with her foot (action),
and the (reaction) of the skateboard was
to move forward.
Two forces may only be considered as an action-reaction pair
if and only if these forces are:
 a) acting on two different bodies;
b) acting simultaneously on the system of two bodies;
c) in opposite directions; and
d) have the same magnitude.

Just like how it looks in the figure below. Both objects with different sizes have a similar
force exerted on each other.

Figure 2: The forces are equal and have an opposite direction even in a short distance between them.

The same concept applies to the different situations in the figure below. they're far from
each other but the force between them is equal as stated in the third law of motion.