1

Taif University
College of Engineering
Architecture engineering program

Senior Project
Design of a tourist resort in Taif

8045101-3

Presented by:
Reuoof Alzaidi – 43907633
5th year

Under the supervision of:

Ass. Prof. Dr. Amal Kamal
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List of Contents

1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 8
2. Taif City .................................................................................................................................... 8
2.1 Historical background ........................................................................................................... 9
2.2 Taif Climate .......................................................................................................................... 9
3. General description of the project ........................................................................................... 10
3.1 Problem definition............................................................................................................... 10
3.2 Project goals ........................................................................................................................ 10
4. Architectural description ......................................................................................................... 10
4.1 Architectural concept .......................................................................................................... 10
4.2 Topic selection .................................................................................................................... 11
4.3 Site selection ....................................................................................................................... 11
4.4 Site visit .............................................................................................................................. 12
4.5 Land Elevation .................................................................................................................... 13
5. Architectural data .................................................................................................................... 13
5.1 Project users ........................................................................................................................ 13
5.2 Project program ................................................................................................................... 14
5.3 Building codes and regulations ........................................................................................... 15
6. Similar and helpful examples .................................................................................................. 17
6.1 Paradinha Cabins................................................................................................................. 17
6.1.1 Project Plans .................................................................................................................... 17
6.1.2 Sections and Elevations ................................................................................................... 18
6.1.3 Circulation ....................................................................................................................... 18
6.1.4 Build Ratio ....................................................................................................................... 18
6.1.5 Advantages and Disadvantages ....................................................................................... 18
6.2 Guadalupe Resort........................................................................................................................ 19
6.2.1 Project Plans .................................................................................................................... 19
6.2.2 Section ............................................................................................................................. 19
6.2.3 Structure........................................................................................................................... 20
6.2.4 Advantages and Disadvantages ....................................................................................... 20
6.3 Waghoba Ecolodge Resort ......................................................................................................... 20
6.3.1 Project Plans .................................................................................................................... 20
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6.3.2 Section ............................................................................................................................. 21

6.3.4 Build Ratio ....................................................................................................................... 21
6.3.3 Circulation ....................................................................................................................... 21
6.3.5 Advantages and Disadvantages ....................................................................................... 21
7. Bubble diagram ....................................................................................................................... 22
8. Layout ..................................................................................................................................... 22
9. Plans ........................................................................................................................................ 23
9.1 Hut Plan .................................................................................................................................. 24
10. Section..................................................................................................................................... 25
10.1 Hut Section ........................................................................................................................... 25
11. Elevations ................................................................................................................................ 25
12. 3D............................................................................................................................................ 27
13. SWOT Analysis ...................................................................................................................... 28
14. Studies ..................................................................................................................................... 28
14.1 Taif climate ..................................................................................................................... 28
14.2 Cinema design ................................................................................................................. 33
14.2.1 Cinema building materials. ............................................................................................ 33
14.2.2 Lighting in Cinema ........................................................................................................ 36
14.3 Moisture Study ................................................................................................................ 36
14.4 Shaded Area Study .......................................................................................................... 36
14.5 Ventilation Study ............................................................................................................ 37
14.6 View Study...................................................................................................................... 37
14.7 Solar Panels Study .......................................................................................................... 37
14.8 Water Recycling Study ......................................................................................................... 38
14.9 Structure Study ..................................................................................................................... 39
.15 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................. 40
16. Recommendations ................................................................................................................... 40
17. References ............................................................................................................................... 41
.................................................................................................................................................. 41
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List of Figures
FIGURE 1 TAIF CITY ......................................................................................................................... 8
FIGURE 2 TAIF TEMPERATURE HISTORY 2022 ................................................................................. 9
FIGURE 3 CLOUD COVER IN 2022 AT TAIF ....................................................................................... 9
FIGURE 4 ARCHITECTURAL CONCEPT ............................................................................................. 11
FIGURE 5 AL-HUDA, TAIF .............................................................................................................. 11
FIGURE 6 KING FAHD RING ROAD, AL-AKHBAB DISTRICT, TAIF .................................................. 11
FIGURE 7 ALAQEEQ, TAIF .............................................................................................................. 12
FIGURE 8 SITE VISIT LAND (A) ...................................................................................................... 12
FIGURE 9 LAND ELEVATION (A) .................................................................................................... 13
FIGURE 10 EX (1) PARADINHA CABINS .......................................................................................... 17
FIGURE 11 EX (1) GROUND PLAN .................................................................................................. 17
FIGURE 12 EX (1) CABIN FLOOR PLANS .......................................................................................... 17
FIGURE 13 GROUND SECTION ........................................................................................................ 18
FIGURE 14 MAIN ELEVATION ......................................................................................................... 18
FIGURE 15 EX (1) CIRCULATION SUDY .......................................................................................... 18
FIGURE 16 EX (1) BUILD RATIO ..................................................................................................... 18
FIGURE 17 EX (2) GUADALUPE RESORT ......................................................................................... 19
FIGURE 18 EX (2) LAYOUT............................................................................................................. 19
FIGURE 19 EX (2) CABIN FLOOR PLANS .......................................................................................... 19
FIGURE 20 EX (2) CABIN SECTION ................................................................................................. 19
FIGURE 21 EX (2) STRUCTURE ....................................................................................................... 20
FIGURE 22 EX (3) CABINS FLOOR PLAN .......................................................................................... 20
FIGURE 23 EX (3) WAGHOBA ECOLODGE RESORT ......................................................................... 20
FIGURE 24 EX (3) SERVICES PLAN.................................................................................................. 21
FIGURE 25 EX (3) GROUND SECTION ............................................................................................. 21
FIGURE 26 EX (3) CIRCULATION .................................................................................................... 21
FIGURE 27 EX (3) BUILD RATIO ..................................................................................................... 21
FIGURE 28 BUBBLE DIAGRAM ....................................................................................................... 22
FIGURE 29 LAYOUT........................................................................................................................ 22
FIGURE 30 FIRST FLOOR PLAN ....................................................................................................... 23
FIGURE 31 GROUND FLOOR PLAN .................................................................................................. 23
FIGURE 32 -1 PLAN ........................................................................................................................ 23
FIGURE 33 SECOND FLOOR PLAN ................................................................................................... 23
FIGURE 34 -2 PLAN ........................................................................................................................ 24
FIGURE 35 -3 PLAN ........................................................................................................................ 24
FIGURE 36 -5 PLAN ........................................................................................................................ 24
FIGURE 37 -4 PLAN ........................................................................................................................ 24
FIGURE 38 HUT PLAN .................................................................................................................... 24
FIGURE 39 SMALL HUT PLAN ........................................................................................................ 24
FIGURE 40 SECTION A-A ............................................................................................................... 25
FIGURE 41 SMALL HUT SECTION ................................................................................................... 25
FIGURE 42 HUT SECTION ............................................................................................................... 25
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FIGURE 43 NORTHERN ELEVATION ................................................................................................ 25

FIGURE 44 EASTERN ELEVATION ................................................................................................... 26
FIGURE 45 WESTERN ELEVATION .................................................................................................. 26
FIGURE 46 SOUTHERN ELEVATION ................................................................................................ 26
FIGURE 47 3D ................................................................................................................................ 27
FIGURE 48 ( SHOWS THE TEMPERATURE THROUGHOUT THE YEAR ) ................................................ 28
FIGURE 49 ( SHOWS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TEMPERATURE AND RADIATION ) ..................... 29
FIGURE 50 ( RADIATION RANGE ) .................................................................................................. 29
FIGURE 51 ( ILLUMINATION RANGE ) ............................................................................................. 30
FIGURE 52 ( SKY COVER RANGE ) .................................................................................................. 30
FIGURE 53 ( WIND VELOCITY RANGE ) .......................................................................................... 31
FIGURE 54 ( DRY BULB AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY ) ...................................................................... 31
FIGURE 55 ( THE TEMPERATURE IN THE SHADED AREA ) ................................................................. 32
FIGURE 56 ( PSYCHOMETRIC CHART ) ...................................................................................... 32
FIGURE 57 ( WIND WHEEL ) ........................................................................................................... 33
FIGURE 58 MOISTURE STUDY ........................................................................................................ 36
FIGURE 59 SHADED AREA STUDY .................................................................................................. 36
FIGURE 60 VENTILATION STUDY ................................................................................................... 37
FIGURE 61 VIEW STUDY ................................................................................................................ 37
FIGURE 62 SOLAR PANELS STUDY ................................................................................................. 38
FIGURE 63 WATER RECYCLING STUDY .......................................................................................... 39
FIGURE 64 STRUCTURE STUDY ...................................................................................................... 39
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List of Tables

TABLE 1 LAND COMPARISON TABLE ............................................................................................. 12

TABLE 2 PROJECT PROGRAM TABLE .............................................................................................. 15
TABLE 3 BUILDING CODES AND REGULATIONS ............................................................................... 16
TABLE 4 SWOT ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................ 28
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Abstract

This report describes the design of a mountain tourist resort in Taif in western Saudi Arabia.
The project aims to develop tourism in Taif to serve the Kingdom's vision for 2030. The last task
is in Al-Huda, Taif, with an area of 78,041 m2. The resort has many sports facilities and services
to entertain guests. The resort is called Rough Rock, which reflects the city's nature and the design's
architectural concept.
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1. Introduction
Since ancient times, architecture has presented the world’s culture and diversity of
geographical locations.
Around the globe, billions of landmarks are attractive to visitors due to their historical
and architectural importance. Since architecture is well-linked to tourism, this project will
be carried out on one of the most beautiful destinations in Saudi Arabia, Taif City. The
project's architecture considers the project's aim, attracting tourists and creating a medium
to express the city's rich and incredible nature, geography, and culture of Taif City.
Taif is in the west of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, belonging to the Mecca region.
It is surrounded by mountains from all sides and rises from sea level at a distance ranging
between 1700 m to 2500 m, which gives it a pleasant atmosphere. Taif's climate is
characterized by moderate heat in summer, cold in winter, and seasonal rains abound in
spring. [1]
After identifying the weaknesses and strengths of the city, the chosen project was a
mountain tourist resort that reflects the nature of the area.

2. Taif City
Taif, a Saudi city located in the west of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, belonging to
the Mecca region. It is surrounded by mountains on all sides and rises from sea level at a
distance ranging between 1700 m to 2500 m, which gave it a pleasant atmosphere. Taif's
climate is characterized by moderate heat in summer, cold in winter, and seasonal rains
abound in spring. [1]

Figure 1 Taif city

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2.1 Historical background

The city of Taif enjoyed a tremendous religious position in the pre-Islamic era, and the
importance of this position increased during the Islamic period until it became the third city of
Hijaz after Mecca and Medina. The state of Taif increased its geographical location, distinct from
the rest of the towns of the Hijaz. It is close to the coast of the Red Sea. Additionally, its high
surface was the reason for considering it a summer resort for the inhabitants of the Arabian
Peninsula. Geographical historian Yaqut al-Hamawi mentioned in Majma' al-Buldan after he
visited Taif that it is a city of wonderful nature.[1]

2.2 Taif Climate

On the eastern slopes of the Al-Sarawat mountains lies The City of Taif, the calm and green
Summer in the western part of the Kingdom. People come here for the weather (much more relaxed
than Jeddah in the summer months), and a fresh, cool breeze greets visitors to Taif as they ascend
to the city.[2]

Figure 2 Taif Temperature History 2022

Figure 3 Cloud Cover in 2022 at Taif

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3. General description of the project

The project is a tourist resort in Taif that offers mountain activities such as hiking. This
project aims to improve tourism by drawing attention to picturesque nature and highlighting the
city's identity. The resort offers many indoor and outdoor activities as it organizes tourist tours
around the city's most important landmarks.

3.1 Problem definition

Taif is characterized by its picturesque mountainous nature and attractive tourist climate.
The Saudi Ministry of Tourism statistical book stated that tourists in Taif increased by 50%,
equivalent to 3 million tourists. However, we need to advantage more from these features, as we
notice that there needs to be more events and activities to take advantage of these features. After
collecting information about tourism in Taif and studying the previous experiences of tourists who
visited tourist resorts, I found that a tourist resort project will contribute to achieving the Saudi
Vision 2030 for tourism development. [3]

3.2 Project goals

• Attract tourists
• Draw attention to the nature of Taif
• Development to achieve the vision of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 2030
• Support the national economy
• Establishing a distinguishable center that will be considered a landmark for Taif.

4. Architectural description
4.1 Architectural concept
Our project focuses on the nature of the mountainous region. The idea is divided into two
parts:

• Lay-out: inspired by mountains cartography.

• 3D: rock shapes.
(Distribution is intended to make all cabins overlook the view)
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Figure 4 Architectural concept

4.2 Topic selection
The name of the Rough Rock was chosen to reflect the mountainous nature of the city, as
well as the architectural concept of the resort's design.

4.3 Site selection

After deciding the type of the project, we had to analyze our needs and determine if the
land met our requirements. I identified three main points to help me choose the appropriate ground:
the area is not less than 50 square meters, it is surrounded by mountainous nature, and some
services are available around it. In the figure below, three lands were compared.

Figure 5 Al-Huda, Taif

Figure 6 King Fahd Ring Road, Al-Akhbab District, Taif

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Figure 7 Alaqeeq, Taif

A B C

Area Available

Unavailable
Mountain
nature
Services

Table 1 Land Comparison Table

After the comparison shown in the table, land (A) was selected.

4.4 Site visit

Figure 8 Site Visit Land (A)

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4.5 Land Elevation

Figure (9) shows the height of the mountain, which is 100 meters. The mountain forms part
of the land and will be designed for mountain sports and recreational services for the resort.

Figure 9 Land Elevation (A)

5. Architectural data
At this stage, data related to the project is collected.

5.1 Project users

• The local visitor: They often come for entertainment at different times, especially on
weekends and holidays. They usually enjoy the available activities inside the resort.
• Tourists: They come at different times and use all aspects of the project.
• Project workers: administrators and employees.
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5.2 Project program

The project design will be divided into three areas. The resort’s central area will contain all
rooms with private management; the second area is related to recreational and active activities like
climbing mountains.[3]

Resort

NO. Name. Area

80 Cabins with one bedroom 40 m2

20 Cabins with two bedrooms 90 m2

1 Reception 200 m2

8 Administrative Offices 16 m2

Entertainment & Services

1 Swimming pool 80 m2

1 Playing area 200 m2

3 Restaurant 200 m2

1 Coffee shop 80 m2

6 Shops 16 m2

1 Barber 20 m2

2 Toilet 50 m2

Basement

1 Car parking (1 for each room) 3*6 m

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1 Car parking (1 for each employee) 3*6

2 Kitchen 100 m2

1 Laundry room 20 m2

1 Security room 16 m2

Table 2 Project Program table

5.3 Building codes and regulations

Here, we review the most critical requirements that affect obtaining a license to build a
resort in Saudi Arabia and the classification of the project.[3]

Requirements

Entrance • The reception area is not less than 200 m.

• Main entrance with a panel
• Entrance services
• Entrance shaded
• Provide enough space before the main entrance to drop
off and load passengers.
• Low ramps for people with special needs
• The reception is in a visible place overlooking the main
entrance
• Comfortable waiting seats with service tables in the
reception area
• Provide a separate entrance for each unit

Parking • Car parking (1 for each room)

• 70% of the parking spaces are shaded
• Providing special parking for people with special needs
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Entertainment • Coffee shop

& Services • Shops
• Barber
• Swimming pool (with an area not less than 50m2)
• Swimming pool for kids
• GYM (with an area not less than 200m2)
• The center contains (2) or more equipped offices
• Room for the central
• ATM
• Room to store guests' luggage
• Providing public toilets for men and women with at
least one bathroom for people with special needs in both
sections.
• Praying area

Rooms • The area of the room should be no less than 18 m²,

including the bathroom and the corridor.
• All units are numbered.
• Each unit should consist of one or two floors as a
maximum (the ground floor +1)
Table 3 Building codes and regulations
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6. Similar and helpful examples

Some examples like the idea of the project:

6.1 Paradinha Cabins

Tourist resort with an area of 813 square meters in
the forest with a design idea that preserves the
topography of the environment. The project comprises
eleven cabins, including four different types, from 28 to
58 square meters. It is distributed across the plot by the
natural configuration of the terrain, changing it as little
as possible. The old stone walls and the existing trees
have been preserved - the houses around them are
carefully laid out. [5] Figure 10 Ex (1) Paradinha Cabins

6.1.1 Project Plans

Figure No. (11) we note the distribution of cabins
on the mountain, taking into account the possibility of
access to each room. The biggest challenge in this type
of project is the accessibility of the rooms, which we note
has been solved distinctively.

Figure 11 Ex (1) Ground Plan

Figure (12) shows the cabin's ground floor plans, which must contain all the customer's
needs. It is essential to provide a sleeping area and an area for services such as the bathroom and
kitchen.[5]

Figure 12 Ex (1) Cabin floor plans

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6.1.2 Sections and Elevations

The design of the distribution of the cabins was based on two main goals, the first is not to
harm the terrain of the area, and the second is not to block the view of the cabins. The figure shows
us how to deal with nature in architecture properly.

Figure 14 Main Elevation Figure 13 Ground Section

6.1.3 Circulation

This type of project faces a big challenge in the

circulation of guests with their luggage. The project
comprises five levels that are moved between them using
stairs and ramps to provide services for people with
special needs. The red line in Figure (15) shows the
motion path for connection to each cabin.

Figure 15 Ex (1) Circulation Sudy

6.1.4 Build Ratio
The project's land area is 815 m2 containing 11
cabins with an area of 28-40 m2. Build ratio:
488/813X100 = 60%

6.1.5 Advantages and Disadvantages Figure 16 Ex (1) Build Ratio

Advantages

• Preservation of the environment.

• Design belongs to the region.
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Disadvantages

• The entrance is not clear.

• Inadequate availability of services.

6.2 Guadalupe Resort

A tourist resort located in Mexico is a group of
twenty independent rooms of 20 m2. The project was
built in 2011 with an area of 99,000 m2. One of the
principal premises was not to interfere directly with the
land, as part of the project's philosophy is to respect
nature in every possible way. [5]
6.2.1 Project Plans Figure 17 Ex (2) Guadalupe Resort

Figure (18) shows the distribution of rooms on the

mountain in a manner that takes into account access to
all rooms, taking into account the preservation of the
environment. The room design approach comes from
the concept of a "luxury" camping house, which covers
the guest's basic needs and is in contact with nature and
the environment. Figure 18 Ex (2) Layout

The cabin design illustrates the provision of some

of the most critical needs of the guests.: asleeping area,
a bathroom, and a sitting place. The design drawback is
the lack of a dining area.

Figure 19 Ex (2) Cabin floor plans

6.2.2 Section
The section explains how to design and place the
cabins on the mountain while preserving their nature.

Figure 20 Ex (2) Cabin Section

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6.2.3 Structure
To achieve the project's main objective, the houses
were built in a way that prevents contact with the soil. Iron
was used under the places to raise them above ground level,
as indicated by the red arrows in Figure (21).

6.2.4 Advantages and Disadvantages Figure 21 Ex (2) Structure

Advantages

• The Preservation of the environment.

• Design in line with the nature of the region.

Disadvantages

• The entrance is not clear.

• No activities.
• Inappropriate room sizes.
• Unclear circulation paths.

6.3 Waghoba Ecolodge Resort

Waghoba ecolodge is a resort contiguous to the

forest buffer of Tadoba wildlife sanctuary in
Maharashtra, India. The target clientele for the property
is wildlife enthusiasts and conservationists. The brief
required a 16-cottage resort with responsible tourism at
Figure 23 Ex (3) Waghoba Ecolodge Resort
its core.[5]
6.3.1 Project Plans
Figure (23) shows the distribution of cabins in line
with the area's nature. It also offers the rooms' interior
design while providing the guests' most essential needs.
Figure 22 Ex (3) Cabins floor plan
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The resort features additional services such

as a swimming pool and restaurants. Figure (24)
shows the design scheme of the services that were
characterized by the lengthening of the pond.
Figure 24 Ex (3) Services plan
6.3.2 Section

We notice from the ground section that

there are tendencies in the floor due to the nature
of the place. Figure (25) shows the effect of
trends on the design without harming the area's
wildlife.[5]
Figure 25 Ex (3) Ground Section
6.3.3 Circulation
Figure (26) shows the relationship
between the functions in the resort. The blue
area represents a building for employees, while
the yellow one is the services building such as
the restaurant and the gym. The gray area
represents the routes used by employees and Figure 26 Ex (3) Circulation

guests as well as the access to each cabin.

6.3.4 Build Ratio

The project's land area is 3085 m2
containing 16 cottages with an area of 38 m2 and
services. Build ratio: 776/3085X100 = 35%
Figure 27 Ex (3) Build Ratio

6.3.5 Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages

• The Preservation of the environment.

• Services.
• Private area for employees.
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7. Bubble diagram
After studying several examples similar to the project, the main areas of the project
functions were identified. It consists of cabins and services with the main entrance and the
hiking area specified.

Figure 28 Bubble Diagram

8. Layout

Figure 29 Layout
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9. Plans

Figure 30 First Floor Plan

Figure 31 Ground Floor Plan

Figure 33 Second Floor Plan Figure 32 -1 Plan

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Figure 34 -2 Plan Figure 35 -3 Plan

Figure 37 -4 Plan Figure 36 -5 Plan

9.1 Hut Plan

Figure 38 Hut Plan Figure 39 Small Hut Plan

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10. Section

Figure 40 Section A-A

10.1 Hut Section

Figure 42 Hut Section Figure 41 Small Hut Section

11. Elevations

Figure 43 Northern Elevation

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Figure 44 Eastern Elevation

Figure 45 Western Elevation

Figure 46 Southern Elevation

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12. 3D

Figure 47 3D
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13. SWOT Analysis

Strength Weaknesses Opportunities Threats

-Climate - Public transportation - Job opportunities -Mountainous land

-Tourism Statistics -Services - Improve the - Costs
economy - Efficiency
-Vision 2030
Table 4 SWOT Analysis

14. Studies
The studies represent the technical solutions that were applied to the project with the
aim of improving the environment and applying green architecture.

14.1 Taif climate

The first step to obtaining accurate and effective studies is to study the climate of
the area. The characteristic using Climate Consultant:[4]

Figure 48 ( shows the temperature throughout the year )

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Figure 49 ( shows the relationship between temperature and radiation )

Figure 50 ( Radiation Range )

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Figure 51 ( Illumination Range )

Figure 52 ( Sky Cover Range )

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Figure 53 ( Wind Velocity Range )

Figure 54 ( Dry Bulb and Relative Humidity )

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Figure 55 ( the temperature in the shaded area )

Figure 56 ( PSYCHOMETRIC Chart )

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Figure 57 ( Wind Wheel )

14.2 Cinema design

The project includes a cinema with a capacity of 45 people to show all the activities
and instructions of the resort. The lighting and materials used in the design are shown in
the table below:

14.2.1 Cinema building materials.

Thermal resistance coefficient for non-residential buildings in the city of Taif,
according to the Saudi Building Code: 2.8 m2K/W for ceilings and 1.67 m2K/W for
walls. [5]
Exterior Wall (Outside to Inside)

Layer Thickness K R = X/K (m2K/W)

(cm) (W/Mk)
External air 0.030

External paint 2.00 0.72 0.028

Base paint 0.01 1.00 0.00

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Plaster mesh 1.00 1.00 0.01

Water drainage 0.05 1.00 0.001

Thermal-sound 5.00 0.03 1.667

insulation (Glass wool)
Moisture insulation 0.05 0.40 0.001
(EPDM)
Concrete hollow 25.00 1.35 0.185
block
Internal plaster 2.00 1.00 0.02

Sound proof foam 2.00 0.40 0.05

panels
Internal air 0.12

Total (R) = 2.112 m2K/W > 1.67 m2K/W

Interior Wall (Outside to Inside)

Layer Thickness K (W/Mk) R = X/K

(cm) (m2K/W)

Internal air 0.120

External paint 2.00 0.72 0.028

External plaster 2.00 1.00 0

Sound insulation 5.00 0.03 1.667

(Glass wool)
Concrete hollow 25.0 1.35 0.185
block
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Internal Plaster 2.00 1.00 0

Internal paint 2.00 0.75 0.028

Sound proof foam 2.00 0.40 0.05

panels
Internal air 0.120

Total (R) = 2.20 m2K/W > 1.67 m2K/W

Ceiling (Outside to Inside)

Layer Thickness K (W/Mk) R = X/K

(cm) (m2K/W)

External air 0.030

Cement tiles 2.00 0.72 0.017

Mortar 0.01 1.00 0.013

Sand 1.00 1.00 0.067

Ordinary concrete 0.05 1.00 0.04

Expanded 5.00 0.03 3.214

polystyrene (Thermal-
sound insulation)
Moisture insulation 0.05 0.40 0.001
(EPDM)
Reinforced concrete 25.00 1.35 0.118

Internal plaster 2.00 1.00 0

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Wood Wool (Sound 2.00 0.10 0.2

absorbent)
Internal air 0.12

Total (R) = 3.82 m2K/W > 3.80 m2K/W

14.2.2 Lighting in Cinema

Dim lighting is used in cinemas to avoid lighting conflicts with screens when they
need to be used. The eyes of the viewers must also be considered, as most of the time, the
hall is dark. It is preferable to use dark colors in the finishing of the cinema to avoid the
reflection of lights and give a better vision to the viewer.

14.3 Moisture Study

The addition of water bodies improves air
quality by providing moisture. Taif is considered
a dry city, additionally June is the driest month
with an average of 3 mm of precipitation, and
April is the driest month with an average of 35
mm of precipitation.

Figure 58 Moisture Study

14.4 Shaded Area Study

Shading improves the environment and
increases thermal comfort. The height varies
between levels by 2 meters, and between one unit
and another by 4 meters, as shade is provided
without obstructing the view.
Figure 59 Shaded Area Study
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14.5 Ventilation Study

The configuration helps ventilation in all
areas of the project.

Figure 60 Ventilation Study

14.6 View Study
The figure shows the viewing angles of the
units, which achieves one of the design goals. Also,
the units are behind each other to prevent view
obstruction.

14.7 Solar Panels Study

Figure 61 View Study
To provide the cabins with energy through solar cells, the energy needed for the cabin
has been calculated. The calculation depends on determining the type of devices that differ
according to the function of the building, and then the power and area of the solar cells are
determined.[6]

Energy consumption

ON. Device Energy (watt/h)

1 TV 150

1 Refrigerator 475
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1 Water Pump 1900

4 Laptop 50

1 Microwave 600

1 Water Heater 100

6 Small Lighting 50

Total = 150 + 475 + 1900 + (50*4) + 600 + 100 + (50*6) = 3725 W/h

Energy consumed low = Total device power X Consumption limit / Operation efficiency
Consumption limit = 0.6 Because the devices will never be all operated at the same time
Operation efficiency = The amount of loss in the electrical grid
3725 X 0.6 / 0.75 = 2980 >> 3000 W/h
To generate the power required for one cabinet, we need 15 panels of 200 watts
to save 3000 watts. The board measures 49.5 x 38 x 12 centimeters. The panels are oriented
to the south for the best result.

Figure 62 Solar Panels Study

12.8 Water Recycling Study

Take advantage of rainwater by collecting it
through umbrellas. After rainwater is collected, it is
filtered and reused, as Taif is considered a rainy city.
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Figure 63 Water recycling Study

14.9 Structure Study

Using the truss and supporting it with the steel

structure through cables. The figure spans 15 meters and
has a beam spread 1 meter wide on the wide side and 5
meters on the narrow side.

Figure 64 Structure Study

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15. Conclusion
In summary, Saudi Arabia seeks to positively impact the economy by considering
several factors. The square is regarded as one of the most critical factors. Hence, the project
aims to improve tourism and highlight the picturesque nature in the Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia, specifically Taif. The project seeks to create a unique experience for all visitors by
providing many services and entertainment.

16. Recommendations
• That the Ministry of Tourism adopts the project.
• Preserving the mountainous nature around the land.
• Building suitable services for tourists near the resort.
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17. References
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[2] “Taif Regional Airport Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Saudi Arabia) -
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[3] “P_1101A | WebViewer.” https://view.protectedpdf.com/VTmxbe (accessed Aug. 15, 2022).

[4] “Climate Consultant | Society of Building Science Educators.”

https://www.sbse.org/resources/climate-consultant (accessed Feb. 09, 2023).

[5] ‫ “الدليل اإلرشادي ألنظمة ومواد العزل الحراري وفق متطلبات كود البناء‬,‫المركز السعودي لكفاءة الطاقة‬
2021 ”,‫السعودي‬.

[6] “Solar Panel Calculator.” https://www.omnicalculator.com/ecology/solar-panel (accessed Feb.

09, 2023).