Genetics Study Guide

Name: ________________________________________________________________ Date: __________

1. Who is considered the father of genetics? What did he experiment with?

2. Define allele, genes, traits, phenotype, and genotype.

3. What is the difference between a dominant and recessive allele? What does homozygous mean? What does
heterozygous mean?

4. What is the difference between incomplete dominance and codominance? Give an example of each.

5. What are sex chromosomes? What are the sex chromosomes for a female? What are the sex chromosomes
for a male? What is a carrier? Why can males never be a carrier?

6. For each genotype determine if it is homozygous or heterozygous. If it is homozygous state if it is dominant

or recessive.
TT ______________________ Tt ______________________ tt ______________________

7. Determine the phenotype if blue (B) is dominant to green (b):

BB: ______________________ Bb: ______________________ bb: ______________________

8. If red (R) is dominant to white (r) and the heterozygous is pink. List the following phenotypes.
RR: ______________________ Rr: ______________________ rr: ______________________

Is this an example of incomplete dominance or codominance: ______________________

9. In pea plants, tall (T) plants are dominated over short (t) plants. Complete the following crosses and give
the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring.
a. Cross a Homozygous Tall Plant with a Homozygous Short Plant
Offspring Phenotype: __________________________

Offspring Genotype: __________________________

___________% Tall

___________% Short
 b. Cross two heterozygous tall plants: Offspring Phenotype: __________________________

Offspring Genotype: __________________________

___________% Tall

___________% Short

10. In dogs, there are long hair, short hair and medium hair lengths. Long hair is dominant over short hair.
Medium hair is heterozygous.
Is this codominance or incomplete dominance? ____________________________

Cross a medium hair length dog with a short hair length dog.

Offspring Phenotype: __________________________

Offspring Genotype: __________________________

___________% Long Hair

___________% Medium Hair

___________% Short Hair

11. Muscular Dystrophy is a sex-linked recessive (m) disorder where suffers lack a particular protein. Because
these individuals lack this protein their muscle cells wear away sooner which can cause an early death. Cross a
normal male with a carrier female.
___________% Male Normal

___________% Male Disorder

___________% Female Normal

___________% Female Disorder

12. In peas, round seed shape is dominant (R) to wrinkled seed shape (r). Yellow seed color is dominant (Y) to
green seed color (y). A pea plant which is homozygous round seed and has green seed color is crossed with a
pea plant that is heterozygous round seed shape and heterozygous yellow seed color.

What is the probability of producing round, yellow

seeds? _________________

What is the probability of producing round, green

seeds? _________________

What is the probability of producing wrinkled, yellow

seeds? _________________

What is the probability of producing wrinkled, green

seeds? _________________