Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Traffic Islands
Traffic Islands
Traffic Islands
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CLASSIFICATION OF ISLANDS
Channelizing Islands
Divisional Islands
Rotary Islands
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CHANNELIZING ISLANDS
For guiding traffic into proper channel at intersection.
Designed to control and direct traffic movement, usually
turning.
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CHANNELIZING ISLANDS
Installed in areas to bring about an orderly flow of traffic.
Serve as location for other traffic control devices, refuge islands
for pedestrians.
Channelization is particularly helpful at streets intersecting at
oblique angles, at 3-leg junctions, and at multileg intersections.
Traffic channelizing islands may be provided for separation
(and special control) of turning movements.
Size & shape of island depends upon layout and dimensions of
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intersection.
DIVISIONAL ISLANDS
Designed to separate opposing flow of traffic streams.
Eliminate head-on collision.
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DIVISIONAL ISLANDS
Divisional islands are used to guide traffic around an
obstruction within the roadway in advance of an intersection
to separate opposing traffic .
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PEDESTRIAN LOADING ISLANDS ..
Pedestrian islands are provided to serve as safety zones for the
aid and protection of persons on foot.
If a divisional island is located in an urban area where
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REFUGE ISLANDS
Pedestrian islands are provided to serve as safety zones for
the aid and protection of persons on foot.
Refuge islands are particularly useful at intersections in urban
areas where
There is a considerable amount of pedestrian traffic
Where heavy volumes of vehicular traffic make it difficult
and dangerous for pedestrians to cross
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ROTARY ISLAND
Large central island of a rotary intersection
Much larger than the central island of channelized intersection
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GUIDELINES FOR SELECTION OF
ISLAND TYPE
Traffic characteristics at the intersection
Maintenance needs
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INTERSECTIONS
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TYPES OF INTERSECTIONS
Two types
Intersection at grade
Grade seperated intersection
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INTERSECTION AT
GRADE
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INTERSECTION AT GRADE
weaving
Classified as:
UNCHANNELIZED
CHANNELIZED
ROTARY INTERSECTIONS
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FORMS OF INTERSECTIONS ..
T intersection
Cross
Staggered
Skewed
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FORMS OF INTERSECTIONS
Skewed cross
Skewed staggered
Wye
Multiple
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CHANNELIZATION
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PURPOSE
Separation of conflicts
Control of angle of conflict
Control of speed
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FEATURES
right-turn movements
Vehicles from converging area are forced to move around central
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ROTARY INTERSECTION
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ADVANTAGES ..
Orderly traffic flow
Traffic proceeds simultaneously and continuously at fairly
uniform, though low speed
Frequent stopping and starting are avoided
Weaving movements replace the usual angular crossing of
typical at-grade intersection
Direct conflict is eliminated, all traffic streams merging off
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leaving at small angles
ADVANTAGES ..
Traffic flow is regulated to only one direction of movement,
thus eliminating severe conflicts between crossing
movements.
All the vehicles entering the rotary are gently forced to
signalized intersection.
Rotaries are self governing and do not need practically any
troublesome
Traffic turning right has to travel a little extra distance
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ROTARY DESIGN
ELEMENTS
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DESIGN SPEED
Exit radius should be higher than the entry radius and the
radius of the rotary island so that the vehicles will discharge
from the rotary at a higher speed.
A general practice is to keep the exit radius as 1.5 to 2 times the
entry radius.
However, if pedestrian movement is higher at the exit approach,
then the exit radius could be set as same as that of the entry
radius. 32
RADIUS OF CENTRAL ISLAND
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WIDTH OF THE ROTARY
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ENTRANCE AND EXIT CURVES
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CHANNELIZING ISLANDS
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SIGHT DISTANCE
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GRADE SEPERATED
INTERSECTION
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GRADE SEPERATED INTERSECTION
under pass
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OVERPASS
When major highway is taken above by raising its profile
above general ground by embankment and an over bridge
across another highway.
ADVANTAGES
Reduce drainage problems
Aesthetic preference to main traffic
Less feeling of restriction compared to underpass
Future construction or expansion of separate bridge structure41
for divided highway is possible.
OVERPASS
DISADVANTAGES
In rolling terrain if major road is taken above the vertical
profile also changes.
Increased grade resistance may cause speed reduction on
heavy vehicles
Restrictions to sight distance may occur.
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UNDERPASS
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UNDERPASS
ADVANTAGES
Provide warning to traffic in advance due to presence of
DISADVANTAGES
Drainage problems during rainy season when underpass is
depressed upto 5-7m below ground level.
Necessary to pump water continuously.
Overhead structure may restrict sight distance
Feeling of restriction to traffic .
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