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INTRODUCTION TO ENTREPRENEURSHIP

A. WHAT IS ENTREPRENEURSHIP?

Entrepreneurship is the process by which individuals or a group of individuals (entrepreneurs) exploit a commercial
opportunity, either by bringing a new product or process to the market (invention), or by substantially improving an
existing good, service, or method of production (innovation). This process is generally organized through a new
organization (a start-up company), but may also occur in an established small business that undergoes a significant
change in product or strategy (growth).

B. EVOLUTION OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP

A. Earliest Entrepreneurs
Even 20,000 years ago, tribes were exchanging goods. Evidence exists of basic trading of volcanic rock which
could be used to create hunting weapons being exchanged for other goods. In its simplest form, this is about finding
something which someone else wants. Not so different to today’s entrepreneur who is trying to find and solve a
customer problem that has not yet been addressed. In the centuries that followed these earliest entrepreneurs, we start
to see trade routes open up around the world and the invention of money allowing the entrepreneur to increase their
potential market – no longer relying on a bartering system. If you have something that people need, you can exchange it
– in the modern case, for money.
Takeaway: It all starts with a great idea and then finding those customers who want what you’re selling.

B. The First Industrial Revolution – Basic Factories

What can we learn from the first industrial revolution which began in the mid-18th century, when societies
moved from basic agriculture to the early factories? It’s all about invention. What can you come up with that makes an
existing process more efficient? How can you make things work better? Can you invent a new process entirely? Without
this kind of thinking the first industrial revolution would have been impossible. Look at Edmund Cartwright who was
behind the power loom – a piece of equipment which made a huge difference in the efficiency of textile production.
Then there is Sir Humphrey Davy who created a lamp that was used by miners which greatly increased safety by helping
to detect dangerous gasses. And we can’t forget George Stephenson who was behind the idea of the steam engine
which would help usher in the new era of railway transport.
Takeaway: The examples could go on forever. But in all cases, the inventions made something quicker, faster,
more efficient. Ask yourself: Does your idea do that?

C. The Second and Third Industrial Revolutions – Mass Production and Computing
Now we’re moving into mass production as the second industrial revolution takes hold. The second industrial
revolution kicked off in the middle of the 19th century, and here we see the start of mass production not just in
manufacturing but also consumer goods. It’s during this period that Ford built 15 million of their legendary Model T cars.
The age of the automobile was among us.
The third revolution introduced a level of computing and automation into the process. Skip forward a few
decades, to the Fifties, and we land at the beginning of mainframe computing. It’s in this decade that both Bill Gates and
Steve Jobs were born, and as they reached their teenage years in the Seventies, their impact on the world was gaining
momentum. Part of this third industrial revolution was moving from mainframe to personal computing, and clearly these
two entrepreneurs had a huge part to play in that change, putting computers in both homes and schools.
Takeaway: While both Gates and Jobs were essentially trying to do the same thing – create products that
enabled affordable home computing – they went about it in very different ways. As their careers moved forward, Jobs in
particular showed an incredible ability to pivot and create products quite far from his initial area of expertise. The
entrepreneur of today may sometimes feel a market is already taken. Many probably felt that Bill Gates and the
mammoth Microsoft had things covered. But it was Jobs who came at the same problem from a new angle, who
emphasised a different set of customer values in his attempt to solve the same problems, and carved out not just a
niche, but a revolution of his own.

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D. Today: The Fourth Industrial Revolution – IoL and Cyber-Physical Systems

The fourth industrial revolution is where we find humans in working environments with robots, and where
factories and warehouses form entire networks. It’s a place where the Internet of Things (IoT) takes mass production to
new levels, allowing machines to predict when they will need maintenance and diagnose their own problems. It’s this
big data approach which produces insights that humans can then use to produce greater optimization.
Takeaway: The opportunities here for an entrepreneur are almost endless. From artificial intelligence and virtual
and augmented reality, to cloud services and 3D printing – these may be tools you use in your own company, or they
may become part of your offerings. But more than that, it’s an era that is wide open. And it’s highly likely that some of
the most exciting ideas (and perhaps entire sectors) have yet to be invented.

C. TYPES OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP

1. Social Entrepreneurship
A socially conscious business is focused on solving social problems, such as access to food, money, and
education. The stated goal of these companies is to make the world better (although, for most, the ultimate purpose is
still to make money). Such companies develop products and services with the goal of achieving these lofty goals. This
model sometimes describes nonprofit organizations as well.

Real-world example: Seventh Generation, which sells eco-friendly cleaning and personal care products, was launched in
1988 in response to growing societal concerns about the environment since many household products of the day
included harsh chemicals. The firm donates 10% of pre-tax profits to community- and environment-focused nonprofits
and businesses. Despite lower profit margins, the company reportedly managed to pull in $200 million in 2015 —
proving that creating a responsible corporate image can also make money.

2. Innovation Entrepreneurship
Innovation entrepreneurship is rooted in new inventions and ideas, which are then transformed into ventures.
These firms aim to change how people live and seek ways to make products and services stand out, thereby
accomplishing something that other companies haven’t. Products such as the iPhone show how innovation can
completely alter how people go about their daily routines. This kind of entrepreneurship is ambitious and often requires
significant investment to get off the ground.

Real-world example: Founded in 2003, Tesla sought to innovate the automobile market by launching a line of affordably
priced cars that were entirely electric, which hadn't been done successfully on a large scale until then. By 2019, Tesla
had reportedly sold 367,849 units globally, a 50% increase over the year before. Because of how early Tesla was to the
market, the company enjoys massive market share in a rapidly growing industry. While Teslas are still largely
unaffordable to working-class families — prices start at around $36,000 — the market is expanding, and continued
innovation may bring prices down to where it becomes a more widely available mode of transportation.

3. Big business Entrepreneurship

One major disadvantage for a business when it gets larger is that it starts to move slowly. As a result, big
businesses often try to jump-start entrepreneurship by snatching up a smaller company and delegating innovation to the
new acquisition. The larger company may leverage limited product or service life cycles and have experienced
professionals take the reins of new projects. Massive tech firms such as Google and Microsoft often do this by buying
out a small developer with promising technology as part of its long-term focus.

Real-world example: After being partners for years, Disney finally purchased animation studio Pixar in 2006. Rather than
create its own studio to compete with Pixar, Disney decided it would simply buy the up-and-coming studio behind Toy
Story and other hit movies. It has proven to be quite the lucrative arrangement for Disney, which has cashed in on other
blockbuster successes from Pixar since the acquisition, including WALL-E, Coco, Up, Brave, and sequels to Toy Story.

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4. Small business Entrepreneurship

When you don’t have the resources of a big business and have to be more conservative in your accounting, your
entrepreneurship has to be more dependent on good, old-fashioned elbow grease. In small business entrepreneurship,
innovation is typically more modest and based on a new twist on currently available products and services — or simply
on doing a job well — while profits are used to support the company’s family rather than being poured into more
expansion. These small businesses are often made up of family members and friends. Local restaurants, dry cleaners,
and mom-and-pop stores are good examples.

Real-world example: Chances are you don’t have to go far to find a good example of small business entrepreneurship.
Many local businesses represent a family that decided to put its hard-earned cash into launching a store to serve the
surrounding community. Restaurants are typical examples, with hard-working families serving delicious meals day in and
day out. Many fail, some succeed, and a few others go on to expand to additional locations. Some even create regional
empires.

5. Scalable Start-up Business Entrepreneurship

As defined by Steve Blank, the father of the lean startup concept, scalable startup business entrepreneurship
begins with a founder’s belief that they can change the world. Venture capitalists often swoop in to fund these sorts of
startups in the hope of landing massive returns. They then hire highly skilled and educated professionals to run them,
seeking to address market holes or disrupt entire industries.

Real-world example: Uber started as an idea to revolutionize the taxi industry and, after attracting investment, the
company exploded and grabbed massive market share in a very short time. Critics have since questioned the company’s
business practices — did Uber skirt taxi regulations and pay its “independent contractor” drivers artificially low wages to
create an unsustainable business model in order to grab an early foothold in a growing market? But no one can argue
that the company hasn’t dramatically changed how people get around.

D. IMPORTANCE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
In entrepreneurship, unutilized resources, labor, and capital are utilized most efficiently. Entrepreneurs take on
risks in the hopes of making profit, or in the case of social entrepreneurship, of solving a problem facing communities.
So, the significance of entrepreneurs and the role of entrepreneurship go beyond the business world.

1. Entrepreneurship Accelerates Economic Growth

Entrepreneurs are important to market economies because they can act as the wheels of the economic growth
of the country. By creating new products and services, they stimulate new employment, which ultimately results in the
acceleration of economic development. So public policy that encourages and supports entrepreneurship should be
considered important for economic growth.
A large number of new jobs and opportunities are created by entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship creates a
huge amount of entry-level jobs that are very much important to turn unskilled jobholders into skilled ones. It also
prepares and provides experienced workers to large industries. The increase in the total employment of a country
largely depends on the rise of entrepreneurship. So the role of entrepreneurship in creating new job opportunities is
huge.
By bringing innovation to every aspect of businesses, entrepreneurial ventures enhance production utilizing the
existing resources in the most effective ways. Entrepreneurs develop new markets by introducing new and improved
products, services, and technology. Thus, they help generate new wealth and add more to the national income. So the
government can offer the citizens more national benefits.

2. Entrepreneurship Promotes Innovation

Through the right practices of research and development, entrepreneurs bring new innovation that opens the
door of new ventures, markets, products, and technology. Entrepreneurs have a role to play in solving problems that

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existing products and technology have not yet solved. So by producing new products and services or bringing innovation
to existing products and services, entrepreneurship has the potential to improve peoples’ lives.

3. Entrepreneurship Can Promote Social Changes

Entrepreneurs change or break the tradition or cultures of society and reduce the dependency on obsolete
methods, systems, and technologies. Basically, entrepreneurs are the pioneer of bringing new technologies and systems
that ultimately bring changes to society. These changes are associated with improved lifestyle, generous thinking, better
morale, and higher economic choice. In this way, social changes gradually impact national and global changes. So the
importance of social entrepreneurship must be appreciated.
At Duke, the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Initiative has a special program aimed specifically at Social
Innovation. The program is “building upon and extending the strengths of the university to create a transformational
learning environment to inspire, prepare, and support entrepreneurial leaders and scholars to turn knowledge into
action in pursuing innovative solutions to the world’s most pressing problems.”
For example, one of the most recent projects of the initiative is the Duke-UNICEF Innovation Accelerator, which
is focused on entrepreneurship for menstrual health and hygiene for women and girls in vulnerable communities in
three African countries.

4. Entrepreneurship Promotes Research and Industrial Development

Along with producing new business ideas and thinking out of the box, entrepreneurs also promote research and
development. They cultivate their ideas, shape them into a new form, and turn them into a successful business
endeavor.
Entrepreneurs are a special kind of people, they are always working to discover new ideas and improve existing
ones. But their impact extends beyond their own companies and ventures: when an entrepreneur develops a new
product, service, or idea, others often follow (and sometimes even further refine the ideas).
Innovation and industry is accelerated through the combined action of entrepreneurs. They can motivate each
other, share ideas and inspiration, and share planning to establish new industries. The change of the existing industrial
climate opens the doors for others at the same time. Therefore, we see that the importance of entrepreneurship to the
economy is multi-functional.

5. Entrepreneurship Develops and Improves Existing Enterprises

We often think of entrepreneurs as inventing totally new products and ideas, but they also impact existing
business. Since entrepreneurs think differently, they can come up with innovative ways to expand and develop the
existing enterprises. For example, modernizing production processes, implementing new technology in the overall
distribution and marketing processes, and helping the existing enterprises to utilize existing resources in more efficient
ways.

E. CONTRIBUTORS TO THE CONCEPT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP

A. Joseph A. Schumpeter and His “Creative Destruction”

Joseph Alois Schumpeter, an Austrian-American economist, was one of the first to study entrepreneurs and the
impact of entrepreneurial capitalism on society. As he wrote in The Theory of Economic Development, he believed that
innovation and creativeness distinguished entrepreneurs from other businesspeople. He observed that innovation and
entrepreneurship are closely interwoven. He argued that the entrepreneur was at the very center of all business activity.
He observed that entrepreneurs create “clusters of innovations” that are the causes of business cycles because their
actions create disruptive dislocations and arrive in huge waves. In fact, Schumpeter believed that entrepreneurs deserve
the credit for the industrial revolution. Schumpeter introduced the phrase “creative destruction,” stating that the
entrepreneur does not just invent things, but also exploits in novel ways what has already been invented.

He identified five types of entrepreneurial activity:

1. new product innovation or the introduction of a new service
2. new process innovation or new methods of production

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3. market innovation or the opening of new markets

4. input or resources innovation
5. organizational innovation, which is the complete restructuring of an entire industry or the breaking up of a monopoly

“The fundamental impulse that keeps the capital engine in motion comes from the new consumers’ goods, the new
methods of production and transportation, the new markets … [The process] incessantly revolutionizes from within,
incessantly destroying the old one, incessantly creating a new one. This process of Creative Destruction is the essential
fact of capitalism.” Joseph Schumpeter

B. Richard Cantillon
Richard Cantillon (1755) is credited with the discovery of economic theory and was the first to fully consider the
critical role of entrepreneurship in the economy. Cantillon described entrepreneurship as pervasive and endowed the
entrepreneur with the most pivotal role. In addition to the economic contributions of the Essai, Cantillon can be credited
for developing an important—and in many ways wholly modern—theory of entrepreneurship. Indeed, Cantillon has
received increased attention and recognition, primarily in the entrepreneurship literature, as the original thinker on
entrepreneurship (Murphy et al., 2006). And although introduction of the term “entrepreneur” was originally attributed
to Jean-Baptiste Say, it is now known that Cantillon was the “first significant writer to make frequent and obtrusive use
of the term in a semblance of its modern form” and particularly as a concept for formal theoretical purposes (Hébert
and Link, 2006; Long, 1983). Despite this deserved recognition, Cantillon’s theory of the entrepreneur has long been
thought of as merely an isolated component of his many economic contributions rather than as the basis for his
economic theory.

C. Jean-Baptiste Say
Jean-Baptiste Say, a French economist who first coined the word entrepreneur in about 1800, said: “The
entrepreneur shifts economic resources out of an area of lower and into an area of higher productivity and greater
yield.”

F. WHAT IS AN ENTREPRENEUR?

An entrepreneur is a person who organizes the means of production to engage in entrepreneurship, often under
considerable uncertainty and financial risk. The word "entrepreneur" comes from the French verb ‘entreprendre’,
meaning "to undertake". Entrepreneurs may partner with other entrepreneurs to jointly found companies (co-founders),
or with an existing organization (e.g., corporate or university spin-outs). The entrepreneur is commonly seen as an
innovator, a source of new ideas, goods, services, and business/or procedures.

G. CHARACTERISTICS OF A SUCCESSFUL ENTREPRENEUR

1. Curiosity
Rather than settling for what they think they know; curious entrepreneurs ask challenging questions and explore
different avenues.

2. Structured Experimentation
Along with curiosity comes the need for structured experimentation. With each new opportunity that arises, an
entrepreneur must run tests to determine if it’s worthwhile to pursue.

3. Adaptability
Entrepreneurship is an iterative process, and new challenges and opportunities present themselves at every
turn. Entrepreneurs need to evaluate situations and adapt so their business can keep moving forward when unexpected
changes occur.

4. Decisiveness

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To be successful, an entrepreneur has to make difficult decisions and stand by them. As a leader, they’re
responsible for guiding the trajectory of their business, including every aspect from funding and strategy to resource
allocation. If the outcome turns out to be less than favorable, the decision to take corrective action is just as important.

5. Team Building
A great entrepreneur is aware of their strengths and weaknesses. Rather than letting shortcomings hold them
back, they build well-rounded teams that complement their abilities. In many cases, it’s the entrepreneurial team, rather
than an individual, that drives a venture toward success.

6. Risk Tolerance
Entrepreneurship is often associated with risk. While it’s true that launching a venture requires an entrepreneur
to take risks, they also need to take steps to minimize it. Successful entrepreneurs are comfortable with encountering
some level of risk to reap the rewards of their efforts; however, their risk tolerance is tightly related to their efforts to
mitigate it.

7. Comfortable with Failure

In addition to managing risk and making calculated decisions, entrepreneurship requires a certain level of
comfort with failure. It’s estimated that nearly 75 percent of new startups fail. The reasons for failure are vast and
encompass everything from a flawed business model to a lack of focus or motivation. Rather than let fear hold them
back, the possibility of success propels them forward.

8. Persistence
While many successful entrepreneurs are comfortable with the possibility of failing, it doesn’t mean they give up
easily. Rather, they see failures as opportunities to learn and grow. Throughout the entrepreneurial process, many
hypotheses turn out to be wrong, and some ventures fail altogether. Part of what makes an entrepreneur successful is
their willingness to learn from mistakes, continue to ask questions, and persist until they reach their goal.

9. Innovation
Many ascribe to the idea that innovation goes hand-in-hand with entrepreneurship. This is often true—some of
the most successful startups have taken existing products or services and drastically improved them to meet the
changing needs of the market.

10. Long-Term Focus

It’s stated that “it’s easy to start a business, but hard to grow a sustainable and substantial one. Some of the
greatest opportunities in history were discovered well after a venture launched.” Entrepreneurship is a long-term
endeavor, and entrepreneurs must focus on the process from beginning to end to be successful in the long run.

H. TYPES OF ENTREPRENEURS

1) Buyer
Buyers are entrepreneurs who have been there, done that and have the deep pockets to show for it. They
typically have experience running a successful business (or businesses) and are now looking to expand their portfolio
with new and original opportunities. Buyers often (but not always) focus on acquiring a business that already has a solid
foundation rather than building one from the ground up. Warren Buffett, Chairman and CEO of Berkshire Hathaway, is
this type of entrepreneur.

2) Hustler
There are many negative definitions of the word “hustler,” but in the business world, being called this type of
entrepreneur is a compliment. Hustlers dream big (sometimes ridiculously so), aren’t afraid to take risks, and work hard

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every day to make those dreams a reality. Hustlers recognize the value of networking and use it to create their own
opportunities rather than waiting for the right circumstances to fall in their lap. Mary Kay Ash, founder of Mary Kay
Cosmetics, was this type of entrepreneur.

3) Imitator
Imitation is the sincerest form of flattery. And that’s certainly the case with these types of entrepreneurs.
Imitators take what is already working, make it more appealing (through innovation or iteration), and build a product or
service around it. Even though Imitators have an extraordinary ability to revolutionize existing ideas, they tend to do
things on their own terms and are willing to take risks to make their vision real. Mark Zuckerberg, Co-founder, Chairman,
and CEO of Facebook, is an Imitator.

4) Innovator
These types of entrepreneurs are the leaders, the go-getters, the perfectionists. Yes, they want to innovate their
industry (or the world), but underneath it all, they want to create a legacy. Because of that, they often have a strong
personal drive, even if they are sometimes lazy and obsessive (which isn’t as bad as it sounds). For Innovators, it’s all
about patterns and how they can lead to progress. Larry Page, Co-founder and CEO of Alphabet, Inc., is an Innovator.

5) Financier
Financiers are the money behind the success. They often come from a wealthy family but have parlayed that
wealth into multiple lucrative ventures. They may be experts at creating a personal brand (and will typically have their
fingers in many pies), but they usually don’t have much formal business training or knowledge. Because of this, most of
the day-to-day is performed behind the scenes by the professionals whom the Financier appoints. Paris Hilton — model,
actress, singer, and DJ — is a Financier.

6) Prodigy
Prodigies, as the name suggests, use their innate intelligence and high degree of emotional stability to challenge
the status quo and innovate large swaths of the business world. Prodigies often have little formal business training but
exercise an inborn instinct for where to go and what to do next. Because of that, Prodigies want to do things their own
way rather than follow in someone’s footsteps. Steve Jobs, Co-founder and former CEO of Apple Inc., was a Prodigy.

7) Rebel
These types of entrepreneurs like to challenge the status quo. They see a way to make something better, can
identify the essential components needed, and take risks to get the work done. With the right idea, Rebels are willing to
work long and hard to reach their goals. Once they make up their mind about where they’re going, they can be
tenacious in their determination.

8) Researcher
Researchers like viability. Yes, they’re keen on original ideas as well, but they much prefer practicability over
innovation. Researchers will often spend significant amounts of time poring over data in order to make things as
foolproof as possible. Their desire for order manifests itself in a higher-than-normal inclination toward critical thinking
and problem-solving skills. Larry Ellsion, Co-founder and CTO of Oracle Corporation, is a Researcher.

9) Short-Timer
The Short-Timer type of entrepreneur often combines with other categories on this list to create a business
person with a specific mindset. The Short-Timer’s goal is to build a successful brand, sell it for top dollar, and move on to
the next big thing. They don’t work with the long-term in mind but restrict their vision to just a few years. This type of
entrepreneur is very innovative and can use his or her communication and networking skills to acquire what the
business needs to succeed. They just don’t want to drive the company after it gets going. Brian Acton, Founder of
WhatsApp, is a Short-Timer.

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10) Solopreneur
The Solopreneur likes to do things on their own — start a business, nurture the business, and run it by
themselves. Solopreneurs are both versatile and passionate workers. These traits are necessities as they tend to want to
do everything alone. Solopreneurs thrive on the idea that they are the brand and love the sense of adventure they get
from “sailing the shark-infested waters” with nothing but their wits and their hard work. Neil Patel, SEO and digital
marketing expert, is a Solopreneur.

I. ENTREPRENEURIAL PROCESS

1. Discovery
An entrepreneurial process begins with the idea generation, wherein the entrepreneur identifies and evaluates
the business opportunities. The identification and the evaluation of opportunities is a difficult task; an entrepreneur
seeks inputs from all the persons including employees, consumers, channel partners, technical people, etc. to reach to
an optimum business opportunity. Once the opportunity has been decided upon, the next step is to evaluate it.
An entrepreneur can evaluate the efficiency of an opportunity by continuously asking certain questions to
himself, such as, whether the opportunity is worth investing in, is it sufficiently attractive, are the proposed solutions
feasible, is there any competitive advantage, what are the risk associated with it. Above all, an entrepreneur must
analyze his personal skills and hobbies, whether these coincides with the entrepreneurial goals or not.

2. Developing a Business Plan

Once the opportunity is identified, an entrepreneur needs to create a comprehensive business plan. A business
plan is critical to the success of any new venture since it acts as a benchmark and the evaluation criteria to see if the
organization is moving towards its set goals.
An entrepreneur must dedicate his sufficient time towards its creation, the major components of a business plan
are mission and vision statement, goals and objectives, capital requirement, a description of products and services, etc.

3. Resourcing
The third step in the entrepreneurial process is resourcing, wherein the entrepreneur identifies the sources from
where the finance and the human resource can be arranged. Here, the entrepreneur finds the investors for its new
venture and the personnel to carry out the business activities.

4. Managing the Company

Once the funds are raised and the employees are hired, the next step is to initiate the business operations to
achieve the set goals. First of all, an entrepreneur must decide the management structure or the hierarchy that is
required to solve the operational problems when they arise.

5. Harvesting

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The final step in the entrepreneurial process is harvesting wherein, an entrepreneur decides on the future
prospects of the business, i.e. its growth and development. Here, the actual growth is compared against the planned
growth and then the decision regarding the stability or the expansion of business operations is undertaken accordingly,
by an entrepreneur.

PERFORMANCE TASK:
Interview an entrepreneur in your area/locality. Use the following questions.
1. What is the nature of your business?
2. How did you come up with the idea of building your business?
3. Where did you derive your financial resources or capital? How much?
4. How many employees do you have?
5. What are the common challenges or risks you faced while running your business?
6. Are you planning to expand your business? Where?
7. are you planning to launch an innovation of your existing product?
8. What is your message to those who wish to become an entrepreneur like you?

Required:
 Create a 1-page report based on the responses of your interviewee on the above-mentioned questions.
 Write your name and subject code on the upper-left corner of your paper.
 Make your own title of your report.
 The first paragraph of your report should be a summary of the demographic profile of your interviewee.
 The last paragraph of your report should be your realization or reflection on the performance task given.
 Attach a documentation or pictures as proof of you conducting an actual interview.
 Use short bond paper, Arial, 12 font size, 1” margin in all sides, single-spaced.
WRITTEN TASK:
A quiz will be conducted on the scheduled date (see GC). The questions will all be based from Module 1- Introduction to
Entrepreneurship. Prepare 1 whole sheet of yellow paper and ballpen during the examination.

Sources:

https://gulfbusiness.com/a-brief-history-of-entrepreneurship/
https://news.gcase.org/2011/02/04/what-is-the-history-of-entrepreneurship/
https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/characteristics-of-successful-entrepreneurs
https://researchbank.swinburne.edu.au/file/19716404-1d68-4cf4-9e13 b651927e2d10/1/PDF%20(Published
%20version).pdf
https://startupsusa.org/what-is-entrepreneurship/
https://www.bondcollective.com/blog/types-of-entrepreneurs/
https://www.fool.com/the-blueprint/types-of-entrepreneurship/
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/entrepreneur.asp#:~:text=An%20entrepreneur%20is%20an%20individual,%2C
%20and%20business%2For%20procedures
https://www.thebalancesmb.com/entrepreneur-what-is-an-entrepreneur-1794303