NCERT Solutions Class 6 Maths

Chapter-12 Ratio and Proportion

Exercise 12.1
Q.1 There are 20 girls and 15 boys in a class.
(a) What is the ratio of the number of girls to the number of boys?
(b) What is the ratio of the number of girls to the total number of
students in the class?

Solution: We use the concept of ratio and proportion to answer the given
question.

We know that the number of girls in a class = 20 and the number of boys in
a class =15
Therefore, the total number of students in the class = The number of girls in
a class + The number of boys in a class = 20 + 15 = 35

(a) We need to find out the ratio of the number of girls to the number of
boys. A ratio indicates how many times one number contains another.

The ratio of number of girls to the number of boys = The number of girls in
a class: The number of boys in a class = 20:15

Now, in order to write the ratio in its simplest form, we divide 20 and 15 by
their highest common factor of 5

Therefore, the ratio of number of girls to the number of boys = 4:3

(b) We need to find the ratio of the number of girls to the total number of
students in the class.

The ratio of number of girls to the total number of students in the class =
The number of girls in a class: The total number of students in the class =
20:35

Now, in order to write the ratio in its simplest form, we divide 20 and 35 by
their highest common factor of 5

Therefore, the ratio of number of girls to the total number of students in the
class = 4:7

Q.2 Out of 30 students in a class, 6 like football, 12 like cricket and

remaining like tennis. Find the ratio of
(a) Number of students liking football to the number of students liking
tennis.
(b) Number of students liking cricket to the total number of students.

Solution:
We use the concept of ratio and proportion to answer the given questions.
We know that the total number of students in a class = 30.
The total number of students who like football = 6.
The total number of students who like cricket = 12.
Since the remaining students like tennis, the total number of students who
like Tennis = The total number of students in a class - The total number of
students who like football - The total number of students who like cricket =
30 - 6 – 12 = 12
Therefore, the total number of students who like Tennis = 12
(a) We need to find the number of students liking football to the number of
students liking tennis.
The number of students liking football to a number of students liking tennis
= The total number of students who like football: The total number of
students who like Tennis = 6:12.
Now, in order to write the ratio in its simplest form, we divide 6 and 12 by a
common factor of 6.
Therefore, the number of students liking football to the number of students
liking tennis = 1:2.
(b) We need to find the number of students liking cricket to the total number
of students.
The number of students liking cricket to total number of students = The
total number of students who like cricket: The total number of students in a
class = 12:30
Now, in order to write the ratio in its simplest form, we divide 12 and 30 by
a common factor of 6
Therefore, the number of students liking cricket to the total number of
students = 2:5

Q.3 See the figure and find the ratio of

(a) Number of triangles to the number of circles inside the rectangle.
(b) Number of squares to all the figures inside the rectangle.
(c) The number of circles to all the figures inside the rectangle.

Solution:
We use the concept of ratio and proportion to answer the given questions.
From the given figure, we can infer that,
The total number of circles inside the rectangle = 2
The total number of triangles inside the rectangle = 3
The total number of squares side the rectangle = 2
The total number of all the figures inside the rectangle = The total number
of circles inside the rectangle + The total number of triangles inside the
rectangle + The total number of squares side the rectangle = 2 + 3 + 2 = 7
Therefore, the total number of all the figures inside the rectangle = 7
(a) We need to find the number of triangles to the number of circles inside
the rectangle.
The number of triangles to the number of circles inside the rectangle = The
total number of triangles inside the rectangle: The total number of circles
inside the rectangle = 3:2
Therefore, The number of triangles to the number of circles inside the
rectangle = 3:2
(b) We need to find the number of squares to all the figures inside the
rectangle.
The number of squares to all the figures inside the rectangle = The total
number of squares side the rectangle: The total number of all the figures
inside the rectangle = 2:7
Therefore, the number of squares to all the figures inside the rectangle =
2:7
(c) We need to find the number of circles to all the figures inside the
rectangle.
The number of circles to all the figures inside the rectangle = The total
number of circles inside the rectangle: The total number of all the figures
inside the rectangle = 2:7
Therefore, the number of circles to all the figures inside the rectangle = 2:7

Q.4 Distances travelled by Hamid and Akhtar in an hour are 9 km and 12

km. Find the ratio of the speed of Hamid to the speed of Akhtar.

Solution:
We use the concept of ratio and proportion to answer the given question.
We know that the distance travelled by Hamid in an hour = 9 km and the
distance travelled by Akhtar in an hour = 12 km
We know that Speed = Distance travelled / Time Taken to travel the
distance
Therefore, Speed of Hamid = Distance travelled by Hamid / Time Taken by
Hamid to travel the distance = 9 km/hour
Therefore, Speed of Akhtar = Distance travelled by Akhtar / Time Taken by
Akhtar to travel the distance =12 km/hour
Now, we need to find the ratio of the speed of Hamid to the speed of Akhtar
The ratio of the speed of Hamid to the speed of Akhtar = Speed of Hamid:
Speed of Akhtar = 9:12
Now, in order to write the ratio in its simplest form, we divide 9 and 12 by a
common factor of 3
Therefore, the ratio of the speed of Hamid to the speed of Akhtar = 3:4

Q.5 Fill in the following blanks:

15/18 = _ /6 = 10/_ = _/30
[Are these equivalent ratios?]

Solution:
We use the concept of ratio and proportion to answer the given question.
We know that,
15/18 = _ /6
Let this blank be x.
Therefore, 15/18 = x/6
⇒ 15 x 6 = 18x
⇒ 90 = 18x
⇒ x = 90/18
⇒x=5
Therefore, 15/18 = 5/6
We know that,
15/18 = 10/_
Let this blank be y.
Therefore, 15/18 = 10/y
⇒ 15y = 10 x 18
⇒ 15y = 180
⇒ y = 180/15
⇒ y = 12
Therefore, 15/18 = 10/12
We know that,
15/18 = _ /30
Let this blank be z.
Therefore, 15/18 = z/30
⇒ 15 x 30 = 18z
⇒ 450 = 18z
⇒ z = 450/18
⇒ z = 25
Therefore, 15/18 = 25/30
Therefore, 15/18 = 5/6 = 10/12 = 25/30
Now, are these equivalent ratios?
Yes, these are equivalent ratios since all the ratios are the same.

Q.6 Find the ratio of the following:

(a) 81 to 108
(b) 98 to 63
(c) 33 km to 121 km
(d) 30 minutes to 45 minutes

Solution:
Ratio is defined as the comparison between two quantities of the same units
that indicates how much of one quantity is present in the other quantity.
(a) 81 to 108
HCF of 81 and 108 is 27.

So,
81 / 108 = (27×3) / (27×4)
= 3 /4
Therefore, the ratio of 81 to 108 is 3 : 4
(b) 98 to 63
HCF of 98 and 63 is 7.
So,
98 / 63 = (14 × 7) / ( 9 × 7)
= 14 / 9
Therefore, the ratio of 98 to 63 is 14 : 9
(c) 33 km to 121 km
HCF of 33 and 121 is 11.
So,
33 / 121 = (11 × 3) / (11 × 11)
= 3 / 11
Therefore, the ratio of 33 km to 121 km is 3 : 11
(d) 30 minutes to 45 minutes
HCF of 30 and 45 is 15,
So,
30 / 45 = (15 × 2) / (15×3)
=2/3
Therefore, the ratio of 30 minutes to 45 minutes is 2 : 3

Q.7 Find the ratio of the following:

(a) 30 minutes to 1.5 hours
(b) 40 cm to 1.5 m
(c) 55 paise to ₹ 1
(d) 500 mL to 2 litres

Solution:
Ratio is defined as the comparison between two quantities of the same units
that indicates how much of one quantity is present in the other quantity.
(a) 30 minutes to 1.5 hours
60 minutes = 1 hour
Hence, 30 minutes = 0.5 hour
Hence, 30 minutes to 1.5 hours = 0.5 / 1.5
Here, HCF of 0.5 and 1.5 is 0.5
= (0.5 ×1) / (0.5 × 3)
=1/3
Therefore, the ratio of 30 minutes to 1.5 hours is 1 : 3.
(b) 40 cm to 1.5 m
100 cm = 1m
40 cm = 0.4 m,
Hence, 40 cm to 1.5 m = 0.4 / 1.5
= 4 / 15
Therefore, the ratio of 40 cm to 1.5 m is 4 : 15
(c) 55 paise to ₹ 1
₹1 = 100 paise
Hence, 55 paise to ₹ 1 = 55 / 100
Here, HCF of 55 and 100 is 5
= (5 × 11) / ( 5 × 20)
= 11 / 20
Therefore, the ratio of 55 paise to ₹ 1 is 11 : 20
(d) 500 mL to 2 litres
1000 ml = 1 l
500 ml = 0.5 l
Hence, 500 ml to 2 litres = 0.5 / 2
Here, HCF of 0.5 and 2 is 0.5
= (0.5 × 1) / ( 4 × 0.5)
=1/4
Therefore, the ratio of 500 ml to 2 litres is 1 : 4

Q.8 In a year, Seema earns ₹ 1,50,000 and saves ₹ 50,000. Find the ratio
of
(a) Money that Seema earns to the money she saves.
(b) Money that she saves to the money she spends.
Solution:
Money earned by Seema in a year = ₹ 1,50,000
Money saved by Seema in a year = ₹ 50,000
Money spent by Seema in a year = Money earned by Seema - Money
saved by Seema
= ₹ 150000 – ₹ 50000
= ₹ 100000
(a) Ratio of money that Seema earns to the money she saves = Money
earned by Seema / Money saved by Seema
= 150000 / 50000
= 15 / 5
=3/1
Therefore, the ratio of money that Seema earns to the money she saves is
3 :1.
(b) Ratio o money that Seema saves to the money she spends = Money
saved by Seema / Money spent by Seema
= 50000 / 100000
= 5 / 10
=1/2
Therefore, the ratio of money that Seema saves to the money she spends
is 1 : 2.

Q.9 There are 102 teachers in a school of 3300 students. Find the ratio of
the number of teachers to the number of students.

Solution:
Number of teachers in the school = 102
Number of students in the school = 3300
The ratio of the number of teachers to the number of students = Number of
teachers in the school / Number of students in the school
= 102 / 3300
Here,
The factors of 102 are 2 × 3 × 17 and the factors of 3300 is 2 × 2 × 3 × 5 ×
5 × 11
Now, the HCF of 102 and 3300 is 2 × 3 = 6.
= (6 × 17) / (6 × 550)
= 17 / 550
Therefore, 17:550 is the resultant ratio of the number of teachers to the
number of students.

Q.10 In a college, out of 4320 students, 2300 are girls. Find the ratio of
(a) Number of girls to the total number of students.
(b) Number of boys to the number of girls.
(c) Number of boys to the total number of students.

Solution:
Total number of students = 4320
Number of girls = 2300
Number of boys = Number of students - Number of girls
= 4320 – 2300
= 2020
(a) Ratio of number of girls to the total number of students = Number of girls
/ Total number of students
= 2300 / 4320
The factors of 2300 are 2 × 2 × 5 × 5 × 23 and the factors of 4320 are 2 × 2
×2×2×2×3×3×3×5
Now, the HCF of 2300 and 4320 is 2 × 2 × 5 = 20.
= (2 × 2 × 5 × 115) / (2 × 2 × 5 × 216)
= 115 / 216
Therefore, 115 : 216 is the ratio of the number of girls to the total number of
students.
(b) Ratio of number of boys to the number of girls
= Number of boys / Number of girls
= 2020 / 2300
= (2 × 2 × 5 × 101) / (2 × 2 × 5 × 115)
= 101 / 115
Therefore, the ratio of the number of boys to the number of girls is 101 :
115.
(c) Ratio of number of boys to the total number of students
= Number of boys / Total number of students
= 2020 / 4320
= (2 × 2 × 5 × 101) / (2 × 2 × 5 × 216)
= 101 / 216
Therefore, 101 : 216 is the ratio of the number of boys to the total number
of students.

Q.11 Out of 1800 students in a school, 750 opted basketball, 800 opted
cricket and remaining opted table tennis. If a student can opt only one
game, find the ratio of
(a) Number of students who opted basketball to the number of students
who opted table tennis.
(b) Number of students who opted cricket to the number of students
opting basketball.
(c) Number of students who opted basketball to the total number of
students.

Solution:
Total number of students = 1800
Number of students who opted for basketball = 750
Number of students who opted for cricket = 800
Number of students who opted for table tennis = Total number of students -
Number of students who opted for basketball - Number of students who
opted for cricket
= 1800 - 750 - 800
= 250
(a) Ratio of the number of students who opted for basketball to the
number of students who opted for table tennis
= Number of students who opted for basketball / Number of students who
opted for table tennis
= 750 / 250
=3/1
Therefore, 3:1 is the ratio of number of students who opted for basketball to
the number of students who opted for table tennis.
(b) Ratio of number of students who opted for cricket to the number of
students who opted for basketball
= Number of students who opted for cricket / Number of students who
opted for basketball
= 800 / 750
= 16 / 15
Therefore, 16:15 is the ratio of number of students who opted for cricket to
the number of students who opted for basketball
(c) Ratio of no. of students who opted basketball to the total no. of students
= Number of students who opted for basketball / Total number of students
= 750 / 1800
= 25 / 60
= 5 / 12
Therefore, 5:12 is the ratio of number of students who opted for basketball
to the total number of students.

Q.12 Cost of a dozen pens is ₹ 180 and cost of 8 ball pens is ₹ 56. Find
the ratio of the cost of a pen to the cost of a ball pen.

Solution:
Cost of a dozen pens = ₹ 180
Thus, we can say that cost of 12 pens = ₹ 180 [Since, 1 dozen = 12]
Cost of 8 ball pens = ₹ 56
Now,
Cost of 1 pen = Cost of a dozen pens / 12
= ₹ 180 / 12
= ₹ 15
Cost of 1 ball pen = ₹ 56 / 8
=₹7
The ratio of the cost of a pen to the cost of a ball pen
= Cost of 1 pen / Cost of 1 ball pen
= 15 / 7
Therefore, 15:7 is the ratio of the cost of a pen to the cost of a ball pen.

Q.13 Consider the statement: Ratio of breadth and length of a hall is 2: 5.

Complete the following table that shows some possible breadths and
lengths of the hall.

Solution:
(i) Length = 50 m
2 / 5 = Breadth / 50
Using cross multiplication
50 × 2 = 5 × Breadth
Breadth = (50 × 2) / 5
= 100 / 5
= 20 m
(ii) Breadth = 40 m
2 / 5 = 40 / Length
Using cross multiplication
40 × 5 = 2 × Length
Length = (40 × 5) / 2
Length = 200 / 2
Length = 100 m
Therefore, the breadth in the second column is 20 m, and the length in the
third column is 100 m.

Q.14 Divide 20 pens between Sheela and Sangeeta in the ratio of 3 : 2.

Solution:
The ratio of dividing pens between Sheela and Sangeeta = 3: 2
Now,
Let the total number of pens be (3 + 2) x = 5x
5x = 20
x=4
The total number of pens with Sheela = 3x
3 × 4 = 12
The total number of pens with Sangeeta = 2x
2×4=8
Therefore, Sheela gets 12 pens and Sangeeta gets 8 pens.
Q.15 Mother wants to divide ₹ 36 between her daughters Shreya and
Bhoomika in the ratio of their ages. If age of Shreya is 15 years and age
of Bhoomika is 12 years, find how much Shreya and Bhoomika will get.

Solution:
Total money = ₹ 36
Age of Shreya = 15 years
Age of Bhoomika = 12 years
Sum of their ages = 15 + 12 = 27

Shreya will get 15 / 27 of total money = (15 / 27) × 36

= [(5 × 3) / (9 × 3)] × 36
= 5 ×4
= ₹ 20
Bhoomika will get 12 / 27 of total money = (12 / 27) × 36
= [(4 × 3) / (9 × 3)] × 36
=4×4
= ₹ 16
Therefore, Shreya and Bhoomika will get ₹ 20 and ₹ 16 respectively.

Q.16 Present age of father is 42 years and that of his son is 14 years.
Find the ratio of
(a) Present age of father to the present age of son.
(b) Age of the father to the age of son, when son was 12 years old.
(c) Age of father after 10 years to the age of son after 10 years.
(d) Age of father to the age of son when father was 30 years old.

Solution:
The present age of father = 42 years
The present age of son = 14 years
(a) Ratio of the present age of father to the present age of son = Present
age of father / Present age of the son
= 42 / 14
=3:1
Therefore, 3:1 is the ratio of the present age of the father to the present
age of the son.
(b) The son's age will be 12 two years back (14 - 2 = 12) , so we will
calculate the father's age two years ago.
Hence, two years ago father's age will be = 42 – 2 = 40 years
Hence, required ratio = 40 / 12
= (4 × 10) / (4 × 3)
= 10 / 3
Therefore, 10:3 is the ratio of the father's age to the son's age, when the
son was 12 years old.
(c) Father will be 52 years old after 10 years ( 42 + 10 = 52 years)
Son's age after 10 years = 14 + 10 = 24 years
Hence, required ratio = 52 / 24
= (4 × 13) / (4 × 6)
= 13 / 6
Therefore, the ratio of the father's age after 10 years to the son's age after
10 years is 13 : 6.
(d) 12 years ago father’s age was 30 years (42 - 12 = 30)
Age of son at that time = 14 – 12 = 2 years
Required ratio = 30 / 2
= (2 × 15) / 2
= 15 / 1
Therefore, the ratio of father's age to the son's age when father was 30
years old is 15:1
 NCERT Solutions Class 6 Maths
Chapter-12 Ratio and Proportion
Exercise 12.2
Q.1 Determine if the following are in proportion.
(a) 15, 45, 40, 120
(b) 33, 121, 9, 96
(c) 24, 28, 36, 48
(d) 32, 48, 70, 210
(e) 4, 6, 8, 12
(f) 33, 44, 75, 100

Solution:

We will use the concept of proportion to solve this.

(a) 15, 45, 40, 120
⇒ 15 / 45 = 1 / 3 = 1:3
⇒ 40 / 120 = 1 / 3 = 1:3
Hence, 15:45 = 40:120
Therefore 15, 45, 40, 120 are in proportion.
(b) 33, 121, 9, 96
⇒ 33 / 121 = 3 / 11 = 3:11
⇒ 9 / 96 = 3 / 32 = 3:32
Hence, 33:121 ≠ 9:96
Therefore 33, 121, 9, 96 are not in proportion.
(c) 24, 28, 36, 48
⇒ 24 / 28 = 6 / 7 = 6:7
⇒ 36 / 48 = 3 / 4 = 3:4
Hence, 24:28 ≠ 36:48
Therefore 24, 28, 36, 48 are not in proportion.
(d) 32, 48, 70, 210
⇒ 32 / 48 = 2 / 3 = 2:3
⇒ 70 / 210 = 1 / 3 = 1:3
Hence, 32:48 ≠ 70:210
Therefore 32, 48, 70, 210 are not in proportion.
(e) 4, 6, 8, 12
⇒ 4 / 6 = 2 / 3 = 2:3
⇒ 8 / 12 = 2 / 3 = 2:3
Hence 4:6 = 8:12
Therefore 4, 6, 8, 12 are in proportion.
(f) 33, 44, 75, 100
⇒ 33 / 44 = 3 / 4 = 3:4
⇒ 75 / 100 = 3 / 4 = 3:4
Hence, 33:44 = 75:100
Therefore 33, 44, 75, 100 are in a proportion.

Q.2 Write True (T) or False ( F ) against each of the following statements
:
(a) 16 : 24 :: 20 : 30
(b) 21: 6 :: 35 : 10
(c) 12 : 18 :: 28 : 12
(d) 8 : 9 :: 24 : 27
(e) 5.2 : 3.9 :: 3 : 4
(f) 0.9 : 0.36 :: 10 : 4

Solution:
We will use the concept of proportion to solve this.
(a) 16: 24 :: 20: 30
⇒ 16 / 24 = 2 / 3
⇒ 20 / 30 = 2 / 3
⇒2/3=2/3
Hence, it is True
(b) 21: 6:: 35: 10
⇒ 21 / 6 = 7 / 2
⇒ 35 / 10 = 7 / 2
⇒7/2=7/2
Hence, it is True
(c) 12: 18 :: 28: 12
⇒ 12 / 18 = 2 / 3
⇒ 28 / 12 = 7 / 3
⇒2/3≠7/3
Hence, it is False
(d) 8: 9:: 24: 27
⇒ 24 / 27 = 8 / 9
⇒8/9=8/9
Hence, it is True
(e) 5.2: 3.9:: 3: 4
⇒ 5.2 / 3.9 = 4 / 3
⇒4/3≠3/4
Hence, it is False
(f) 0.9: 0.36:: 10: 4
⇒ 0.9 / 0.36 = 90 / 36 = 10 / 4
⇒ 10 / 4 = 10 / 4
Hence, it is True

Q.3 Are the following statements true?

(a) 40 persons : 200 persons = ₹ 15 : ₹ 75
(b) 7.5 litres : 15 litres = 5 kg : 10 kg
(c) 99 kg : 45 kg = ₹ 44 : ₹ 20
(d) 32 m : 64 m = 6 sec : 12 sec
(e) 45 km : 60 km = 12 hours : 15 hours

Solution:
We will use the concept of proportion to solve this.
(a) 40 persons : 200 persons = ₹ 15 : ₹ 75
⇒ 40 / 200 = 1 / 5
⇒ 15 / 75 = 1 / 5
⇒1/5=1/5
Hence, the statement is true
(b) 7.5 litres : 15 litres = 5 kg : 10 kg
⇒ 7.5 / 15 = 1 / 2
⇒ 5 / 10 = 1 / 2
⇒1/2=1/2
Hence, the statement is true
(c) 99 kg : 45 kg = ₹ 44 : ₹ 20
⇒ 99 / 45 = 11 / 5
⇒ 44 / 20 = 11 / 5
⇒ 11 / 5 = 11 / 5
Hence, the statement is true
(d) 32 m : 64 m = 6 sec : 12 sec
⇒ 32 / 64 = 1 / 2
⇒ 6 / 12 = 1 / 2
⇒1/2=1/2
Hence, the statement is true
(e) 45 km : 60 km = 12 hours : 15 hours
⇒ 45 / 60 = 3 / 4
⇒ 12 / 15 = 4 / 5 ⇒ 3 / 4 ≠ 4 / 5
Hence, the statement is false
Q.4 Determine if the following ratios form a proportion. Also, write the
middle terms and extreme terms where the ratios form a proportion.
(a) 25 cm : 1 m and ₹ 40 : ₹ 160
(b) 39 litres : 65 litres and 6 bottles : 10 bottles
(c) 2 kg : 80 kg and 25 g : 625 g
(d) 200 mL : 2.5 litre and ₹ 4 : ₹ 50
Solution:
We will use the concept of proportion to solve this.
(a) 25 cm : 1 m and ₹ 40 : ₹ 160
⇒ 25 cm = 25 / 100 m = 0.25 m
⇒ 0.25 / 1 = 1 / 4
⇒ 40 / 160 = 1 / 4
⇒1/4=1/4
Therefore, 25 cm : 1 m and ₹ 40 : ₹ 160 are in proportion.
Middle terms = 1 m, ₹ 40 and Extreme terms = 25 cm, ₹ 160
(b) 39 litres : 65 litres and 6 bottles : 10 bottles
⇒ 39 / 65 = 3 / 5
⇒ 6 / 10 = 3 / 5
⇒3/5=3/5
Therefore, 39 liters: 65 liters and 6 bottles: 10 bottles are in proportion.
Middle terms = 65 liters, 6 bottles and Extreme terms = 39 liters, 10 bottles
(c) 2 kg : 80 kg and 25 g : 625 g
⇒ 2 / 80 = 1 / 40
⇒ 25 / 625 = 1 / 25
⇒ 1 / 40 ≠ 1 / 25
Therefore, 2 kg: 80 kg and 25 g: 625 g are not in proportion.
(d) 200 mL : 2.5 litre and ₹ 4 : ₹ 50
⇒ 2.5 litre = 2500 ml
⇒ 200 / 2500 = 2 / 25
⇒ 4 / 50 = 2 / 25
⇒ 2 / 25 = 2 / 25
Therefore, 200 mL: 2.5 liters and ₹ 4: ₹ 50 are in proportion.Middle terms =
2.5 liters, ₹ 4 and Extreme terms = 200 ml, ₹ 50
 NCERT Solutions Class 6 Maths
Chapter-12 Ratio and Proportion
Exercise 12.3
Q.1 If the cost of 7 m of cloth is ₹1470, find the cost of 5 m of cloth.

Solution:
To proceed with the given problem, we will find the cost of 1 item followed
by multiplying the result with the required number of items.
Let's use the concept of the unitary method.
Cost of 7m cloth = Rs.1470
Hence, the cost of 1 m cloth = 1470 / 7 = Rs.210
Cost of 5 m cloth = 210 × 5 = Rs.1050
Hence, the cost of 5 m of cloth is Rs.1050.

Q.2 Ekta earns ₹ 3000 in 10 days. How much will she earn in 30 days?

Solution:
To proceed with the given problem, we will find the cost of 1 item followed
by multiplying the result with the required number of items.
Let's use the concept of the unitary method.
Money earned by Ekta in 10 days = Rs. 3000
Hence, money earned in one day by her will be = 3000 / 10 = Rs. 300
Therefore, money earned by Ekta in 30 days = 300 × 30 = Rs. 9000

Q.3 If it has rained 276 mm in the last 3 days, how many centimeters of
rain will fall in one full week (7 days)? Assume that the rain continues to
fall at the same rate.

Solution:
Let's use the concept of the unitary method.
According to the given question, the measure of rain in 3 days is 276 mm.
The measure of rain in one day = 276 / 3 = 92 mm
Therefore, the measure of rain in one week that is 7 days = 92 × 7 = 644
mm
To change from mm to cm, we need to divide by 644 by 10 since, 1 cm =
10 mm
= 644 / 10
= 64.4 cm
Thus, the measure of rain in one week that is 7 days, will be 64.4 cm.

Q.4 Cost of 5 kg of wheat is ₹ 91.50.

(a) What will be the cost of 8 kg of wheat?
(b) What quantity of wheat can be purchased in ₹183?

Solution:
(a) According to the given problem,
Let's use the concept of the unitary method.
The cost of 5 kg of wheat = ₹ 91.50.
Now, the cost of 1 kg of wheat will be 91.50 / 5 = ₹ 18.3
Therefore, the cost of 8 kg of wheat is 18.3 × 8
= ₹ 146.40
(b) Let us calculate the quantity of wheat purchased in ₹183
Quantity of wheat purchased in ₹ 91.50 = 5 kg
Hence, wheat purchased in ₹ 1 = 5 / 91.50 kg
Therefore, wheat purchased in ₹ 183 = (5 / 91.50) × 183
= 10 kg
Thus, we can say that the cost of 8 kg of wheat is ₹ 146.40, and the
quantity of wheat purchased in ₹ 183 = 10 kg.
Q.5 The temperature dropped 15 degree Celsius in the last 30 days. If the
rate of temperature drop remains the same, how many degrees will the
temperature drop in the next ten days?

Solution:
Let's use the concept of the unitary method.
Temperature drop in 30 days = 15ºC
Temperature drop in 1 day = 15 / 30 = (1 / 2)ºC
Therefore, temperature drop in the next 10 days will be the product of (1 /
2) and 10
= (1 / 2) × 10 = 5ºC
Thus, the temperature drop in the next 10 days will be 5ºC.

Q.6 Shaina pays ₹ 15000 as rent for 3 months. How much does she has
to pay for a whole year, if the rent per month remains same?

Solution:
Let's use the concept of the unitary method.
Rent paid by Shaina in 3 months = ₹ 15000
Rent for 1 month will be 15000 / 3 = ₹ 5000
To calculate the rent for 12 months, we will multiply 5000 with 12
Therefore, rent for 12 months (1 year) = 5000 × 12 = ₹ 60,000
Thus, rent paid by Shaina in 1 year is ₹ 60,000.

Q.7 Cost of 4 dozen bananas is ₹ 180. How many bananas can be

purchased for ₹ 90?

Solution:
Let's use the concept of the unitary method.
From the given data,
The number of bananas bought for ₹ 180 = 4 dozens
4 dozens = 4 × 12 = 48 bananas [Since 1 dozen = 12 units]
So, the number of bananas bought for ₹ 1 = 48 / 180
Therefore, number of bananas bought for ₹ 90 = (48 / 180) × 90 = 24
bananas
Thus, 24 bananas can be purchased for ₹ 90

Q.8 The weight of 72 books is 9 kg. What is the weight of 40 such books?

Solution:
Let's use the concept of the unitary method.
From the given data,
Weight of 72 books = 9 kg
Hence, the weight of 1 book = 9 / 72 = 1 / 8 kg
Therefore, the weight of 40 books = (1 / 8) × 40 = 5 kg
Thus, the weight of 40 books is 5 kg.

Q.9 A truck requires 108 litres of diesel for covering a distance of 594
km. How much diesel will be required by the truck to cover a distance of
1650 km?

Solution:
Let's use the concept of the unitary method.
From the given data in the question,
Quantity of diesel required for 594 km =108 liters
Thus, quantity of diesel required for 1 km = 108 / 594 = 2 / 11 litre
Therefore, diesel required for 1650 km = (2 / 11) × 1650 = 300 litres
Thus, the quantity of diesel required by the truck to cover a distance of
1650 km is 300 liters.

Q.10 Raju purchases 10 pens for ₹150 and Manish buys 7 pens for ₹ 84.
Can you say who got the pens cheaper?

Solution:
Let's use the concept of the unitary method.
From the given data in the question
Total number of pens purchased by Raju for ₹ 150 = 10
So, the cost of 1 pen will be = 150 / 10 = ₹ 15
Also, the total number of pens purchased by Manish in ₹ 84 = 7 pens
So, the cost of 1 pen will be = 84 / 7 = ₹ 12
Thus, we observed that the total number of pens purchased by Manish is
cheaper than Raju.

Q.11 Anish made 42 runs in 6 overs and Anup made 63 runs in 7 overs.
Who made more runs per over?

Solution:
Let's use the concept of the unitary method.
From the given data in the question,
The total runs scored by Anish in 6 overs = 42
Hence, the total runs scored by Anish in 1 over = 42 / 6 = 7
Also, the total runs scored by Anup in 7 overs = 63
Hence, total runs scored by Anup in 1 over = 63 / 7 = 9
This clearly shows that Anup scored more runs per over than Anish.