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I.

Cell signaling
A. Steps
1. Reception
a) Ligand
(1) Agonist
(2) Antagonist
2. Transduction
3. Response
II. Types of Cell Communication
A. Fdfsd
1. Direct Intercellular
a) Gap Junctions
2. Signaling by Plasma Membrane Bound Molecules
3. Receptor-mediated Intercellular Communication
a) Cell Surface Receptors
b) Nuclear Receptors of Intracellular receptors
B. Types by distance
1. Local
a) Juxtacrine
b) Paracrine
c) Synaptic
d) Autocrine
e) Endocrine
III. Types of Cellular Signals
A. Chemical
B. Physical
IV. Responses to Cell Signaling

I. Receptors and their Signaling Pathways


A. Intracellular Receptors
B. Cell Membrane Receptors
1. Ion-Linked Receptors
2. G-Linked Receptors
a) Types of G-Linked Receptors
(1) AdenylylCyclase
(2) Phosphodiesterase
(3) Phospholipase C
(4) Phospholipase A2
b) Termination of GPCRs
3. Enzyme-Linked Receptors
a) Catalytic Receptors
(1) Receptor Guanylyl Cyclase
(2) Receptor Serine/Threonine Kinase
(3) Receptor Tyrosine Kinase
(4) Receptor Tyrosine Phosphatase
b) Cytokine Receptors
(1) Tyrosine-Kinase Associated Receptors

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