CEBU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

UNIVERSITY

Name: __Rennan Bayer P._____________ Date Performed: September 8,2023__

Program & Year: _________BSCE-3______ Date Due: ___September 14, 2023___
Group: __3________

CE 461
GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING 1
Laboratory Exercise No. 1
FAMILIARIZATION WITH SOIL TESTING EQUIPMENT

OBJECTIVE:
Identify the different equipment in the soil laboratory and familiarize themselves with the use of each equipment

WHAT TO DO:
Provide figures of the following equipment and/or apparatuses with the indicated functions or uses in the soil laboratory.

Apparatus Picture Function

Hand auger with Used to extract soil samples from deeper
extension rods depths in the ground, allowing for
examination of soil composition,
structure, and properties at different
layers or horizons.

30-m tape Used to measure longer distances in the

field or soil profile, providing accurate
measurements for soil surveys, land
mapping, and various soil-related field
studies.

Meter stick Used to measure the length, depth, or

height of soil samples or containers,
providing dimensional information for
various soil analysis and experiments.

Moisture cans/drying Used to measure the moisture content in

cans soil samples by weighing the sample
before and after drying in an oven,
allowing for the calculation of moisture
content percentage in the soil.
 Oven Laboratory ovens provide controlled and
uniform heating for various scientific
applications, including drying,
sterilization, and heat treatment.

Weighing scale (0.1 g A laboratory weighing scale with 0.1 g

accuracy) accuracy is typically used to measure
the weight of various substances in a
controlled laboratory environment. It is
designed to provide accurate and
precise measurements up to the nearest
0.1 gram.

Tongs Laboratory tongs are large pincers for

grasping and lifting vessels of heat-
resistant material used in high
temperature chemical reactions.

Desiccators Desiccators are sealed containers that are

used for drying samples under
atmospheric pressure or vacuum
pressure. These can also protect
chemicals that are hygroscopic, as well
as protect samples from dust and
moisture in the air.

Vernier caliper A measuring instrument that would be

utilized to measure linear dimensions. It
is also utilized to estimate the diameters
of circular items using the measuring
jaws.

Evaporating dish An evaporating dish is a tool used in labs to

separate liquids and solids from a
solution by allowing the water to
evaporate off into the air. The result is
either a more concentrated solution or
the solid precipitate of the dissolved
substance.
 Sample extruder Hydraulic Sample Extruder ejects
undisturbed soil samples from full-size
thin-walled samplers (Shelby Tubes) in
one stroke. It is used in sample
preparation for a variety of soil tests,
including triaxial, permeability, direct
shear, consolidation, unconfined
compression, and more.

Soil lathe Designed to reduce by trimming the

diameter of a soil sample unit is reaching
the desired diameter size by using a wire
saw. Soil Lathe can trim and Extrude
samples from 35 mm to 100 mm
diameter. It should be used together with
Open Wire Saw.

Pycnometer/volumetric Used for measuring and comparing

flask densities or specific gravities of liquids
and solids, including soil.

Thermometer Used to measure temperatures or

temperature changes with a high degree
of precision. They are made of metal or
glass and strengthened through thermal
tempering or annealing.

Bunsen burner It is used to heat substances, to combust

substances, and to sterilize objects on
high heat. Many different types of gases
can be used in a burner such as
methane, butane, propane, or a mixture
of them.

Mortar and pestle Used to grind substances into a powder or

paste. A porcelain mortar and pestle set
is sufficient for most laboratory
applications, as unglazed porcelain is
hard enough to crush most materials
while being resistant to high
temperatures.
U.S. standards Set of Used to separate fine materials from course
sieves materials. What passed through is the
finer while the retained materials are the
coarser.

Manual or mechanical Sieve shakers are used for separation and

sieve shaker size determination of particles. A typical
sieve shaker separates particles by
passing them through a series of
chambers with mesh filters and agitating
the sample in order to obtain complete
separation.

Sample divider Sample splitters and dividers provide

representative samples of the original or
bulk material. This ensures the test
sample has materials with particle sizes
in equal proportions to the original.

Rubber mallet Used to consolidate materials and release

entrapped air in concrete molds, air
meters and unit weight buckets. Made
from hard molded rubber and affixed to a
straight handle.

Pans (0.3 m X 0.6m)/(1 Used for handling, processing, and storing

m X 1m) samples.

Sedimentation cylinder The Hydrometer Sedimentation Cylinder

(Jar) is a graduated glass cylinder that is
used in determining the amount of soil in
dispersed suspensions contains 1000ml
at 20°C (68°F). Open end is fire-polished
without pourout.

Graduated cylinders of Function of the cylinder is to measure liquid

different volumes volumes accurately. They are
extensively used in chemistry and
biology labs, where quantities of
accurately measured liquids need to be
used. They are purposely designed to be
long, with a shorter diameter compared
to beakers, to facilitate accurate
measurements.

Stirring rod A stirring rod is used for mixing liquids, or

solids and liquids. Stir rods are used as
part of proper laboratory technique when
decanting supernatants because the
contact helps to negate the adhesion
between the side of the glassware and
the supernatant that is responsible for
the liquid running down the side.
 Soil hydrometer A hydrometer is used to measure the
density of soil particles in suspension at
specific periods of time. Soils that are
air-dried and ground to <2 mm are
typically used.

Hydrometer jar bath The hydrometer jar bath designed to provide

a 68°F ambient temperature throughout
the unit. Using a microprocessor-based
temperature control that features integral
heater and chiller. The control processor
in the H-4239A provides a consistent
bath temperature of 68°F accurate to
within 0.1% of input span ±1°F.

Beaker Beakers can be used to hold liquid or solid

samples or as a container for reactions.
They are also used to collect filtrates
from filtering operations as well as
liquids from titrations.

Stop watch A laboratory stopwatch measures time

intervals using specific activation and
deactivation points. Analog or
mechanical stopwatches are typically
controlled by two buttons. The first
button starts the timer and the second
stops the measurement, and the elapsed
time is displayed.

Shrinkage dish Used for determining the maximum moisture

content at which the soil does not shrink
after drying the sample. The set
includes: 22-T0035/1 Shrinkage dish 45
mm dia. x 12.7 mm high.

Glass plate Useful for a variety of general laboratory

applications including as a cover, mixing
surface, etc.

Evaporating dish An evaporating dish is a tool used in labs to

separate liquids and solids from a
solution by allowing the water to
evaporate off into the air. The result is
either a more concentrated solution or
the solid precipitate of the dissolved
substance.
 Spatula Laboratory spatulas are utensils that help
with mixing, scraping, and other tasks
related to transferring materials and
samples from one place to another.

Liquid limit device The UTEST Manual and Motorized Liquid

Limit Apparatus (Casagrande) are used
to determine the moisture content at
which clay soils pass from plastic to
liquid state. The devices consist of an
adjustable crank and cam mechanism, a
blow counter and a removable brass cup
fitted on the base.

Mixing bowl A mixing bowl is a deep bowl that is

particularly well suited for mixing
materials together in. These come in
many materials, such as stainless steel,
ceramic, glass, and plastic.

Compaction device The Proctor test measures soil compaction

(Standard Proctor test to determine the point at which soils can
apparatus) most efficiently be compacted using
construction equipment, based on their
optimal moisture content and maximum
dry weight.

Scoop Scoops are used for transferring Soil,

Cement, Aggregate or Any Other Grainy
Material Or Powder.

Water spray Used to simulate rainfall or irrigation by

spraying water onto soil samples,
enabling studies on water infiltration,
moisture distribution, and other
hydrological properties in soil.

Sand-cone apparatus The sand cone density apparatus

determines the in-place density of soils.
The set includes a 1 gallon threaded jar.
In addition a detachable double cone
consisting of a brass cylindrical valve
with a 1/2″ dia. orifice.
Soil permeability device The instrument to measure permeability is
called permeameter. The results are
used for pumping groundwater, for
foundation sites excavations, the design
of dams etc. Tests can be performed on
remolded or undisturbed samples using
the constant head or falling head
method.