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1-10 Day1 WS2 A A Ozacar-1
1-10 Day1 WS2 A A Ozacar-1
SSHAC-3 Workshop 1
Terminology
Capable fault
According to IAEA SSG-9 [1], “a ‘capable fault’ is a fault that has a
significant potential for displacement at or near the ground
surface......................capable faults are only those active faults that can
produce a significant and permanent deformation at or near the surface”
• Electrical Resistivity
• Seismic Refraction
• Seismic Reflection
• Microgravity
• Geotechnical tests
• Borehole logs
• Borehole geophysics
(PS, Density, Caliper, HRAT)
3
Stratigraphy
Pleistocene
(1.8 Ma)
Rock units
dating back
to 5 Ma is
not
present!!
4
Surface Deformation Associated to Gypsum
5
Joints
6
Bedding
Field Measurements HRAT Measurements
Horizontal beds
7
Integrated
Sections
8
Seismic Reflection Profiles
9
Seismic Reflection Profiles
10
Seismic Reflection Profiles
11
Seismic Reflection Profiles
12
Seismic Reflection Profiles
13
Seismic Reflection Profiles
14
Seismic Reflection Profiles
15
Seismic Reflection Profiles
16
ARAMCO Reflection Profiles
17
ARAMCO Reflection Profiles
18
E-W Profiles
19
N-S Profiles
20
Proposed Nisah-Sahba Fault
lineament interpreted as fault passing next to the NPP site thus most
critical tectonic structure in terms of capable fault & fault displacement
Weijermars (1998)
Proposed Nisah-Sahba Fault: Rate of Motion
7 km offset within 200.000-400.000 year
(8 km in the text?) (no age data?)
Estimated Motion Rate = 17.5 mm/yr – 35 mm/yr
Pınar et al.
(2019)
Weijermars
(1998)
22
SSHAC-3 Workshop 1
Regional Investigations
Quaternary gravel display
sharp color change at the
Jaub lineament
23
Regional Investigations
27
Topography
28
Identified Photo Lineaments
29
Close-up Satellite Images of Lineaments
C
D
B
Linear
appearance is
mostly lost
30
Near Regional Area
Geological mapping is
conducted at 1/50.000 scale
No surface evidence of
Nisah-Sahba Fault is
identified
31
Surface
Faulting
Only a mezoscopic
fault is identified at
the NW edge of the
near regional area
32
Geology & Lineaments
Mapped
boundaries
coincide with
photo lineaments
suggesting the
lithologic change
as the source
33
Reflection Profiles Taken Across Photo Lineaments
10a
34
Reflection Profiles Taken
Across Photo Lineaments
11b
11a
Low signal to noise ratio; 11
unfortunately not suitable
for interpretation
35
Deep Structure Mainly N-S oriented basement structural trends
Stewart (2016)
Structural Trends at Ghawar
GPS
41