FOOTBALL

BRIEF HISTORY

• The first known ball game which involved kicking took

place In China in the 3rd and 2nd century BC under the
name Cuju. Cuju was played with a round ball on an
area of a square.
• In ancient Greece a game similar to football existed
which was called ‘Episkyros’. The name of the game
means ‘common ball’ and it involved two teams of
players with one ball.
• The game was developed in England in the 12th century.
In this century, games that resembled football were
played on meadows and roads in England.
• Football clubs have existed since the 15th century, but
unorganized and without official status.
• The oldest among professional football clubs is the
English club Notts County, that was formed in 1862
and still exists today.
• Football Association Challenge Cup (FA Cup) became
the first important competition in 1871. The match that
involved England and Scotland ended 0-0 and was
followed by 4,000 people at Hamilton Crescent.
• 1883, the first international tournament took place and
included four national teams: England, Ireland,
Scotland and Wales.
•
• In 1904 representatives from the football associations
of Belgium, Denmark, France, Netherlands, Spain,
Sweden, and Switzerland founded the Fédération
Internationale de Football Association (FIFA).
 VENUE

• Stadium - a large usually roofless building with

tiers of seats for spectators at sports events.
 EXAMPLE

• Soccer city, south Africa • Old Trafford, United

• The Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro Kingdom
• San Siro, Italy • The Allianz Arena,
• Anfield Road, United Kingdom Germany
• Santiago Bernabeu, Spain
• Wembley, United
• Azteca – Mexico
Kingdom
• Camp Nou, Spain
 EQUIPMENT AND GEAR

• Cleats or turfs − A very important gear for every football

player. These are specially designed shoes with spikes on
the bottom that provide great traction on grass.
• Socks − The socks made for Football are very long and
they are meant to cover the shin-guards.
• Shin Guards − These are used to protect the player’s shin.
While playing football, opponent players try to injure
players by kicking in the shin area.
• Soccer Ball − This the main equipment of the game and
the total game revolves around this. A Football is made of
vulcanized rubber with plastic bladders and covered by
plastic covers.
 TECHNICAL AND TACTICAL

• Ball Control: Players must be able to bring a ball played

under control instantly and smoothly. This is the ability to
collect and move in a different direction without stopping
the ball completely, yet still maintain it securely.
• Passing: Players must be able to successfully complete
short and long range passes. This incorporates all of your
ball skills, including heading, bending, chipping, and the
ability to drive the ball to a partner.
• Heading: The ability to head at goal after crosses,
heading high, wide, and deep for defensive
clearances, heading balls as a one-touch pass (both
into space or to a partner’s feet) in order to goal
• Tactical insight incorporates the anticipation,
reading and execution of certain clues that
happen during possession and non-possession
of that ball.
•
 IN ATTACK – PLAYER NOT IN
POSSESSION

• 1) Makes themselves available for the ball, could be

diagonal or a crossover run
• 2) understands when to offer close support and when
to stay away
• 3) Recognizes timing to execute “take overs” and
“overlaps”
 IN ATTACK – PLAYER IN POSSESSION

• 1) Shows good peripheral vision, recognizing the correct

time to switch the ball
• 2) Shows good penetrating vision, allowing them to see
and utilize players further down the field
• 3) Understand the correct time to play direct or keep
possession and shield
• 4) Sees opportunities to play “combination patterns”
 IN DEFENSE

• With the desire to regain possession of the ball, players

should understand:
• 1) When to step in to intercept the pass
• 2) When to mark the opponent tight in order to eliminate a
passing opportunity for the opposing team
• 3) When, where, and how (posture) to tackle
• 4) When to contain your opponent and force them in a
specific direction
 RULES

• 1. FIELD OF PLAY - is the surface where the game is going

to be played. In a standard 11-a-side match, the football
pitch must be 90–120 meters in length (touchline) and 45–
90 meters in breadth (goal line).
• 2. THE BALL - standard soccer ball should be spherical with
a circumference in range of 68–70 cm and weigh in between
410g and 450g. The ball should be inflated to a pressure
range of 0.6–1.1 atmosphere.
• 3. THE NUMBER OF PLAYERS - football match is played
between two teams each consisting of a maximum of 11
players, out of which 10 are outfield players and 1 is a
goalkeeper.
• 4. THE PLAYER’S EQUIPMENT - the player’s equipment
should contain a jersey or shirt with sleeves, shorts,
footwear, shin guard, and stocks. The teams playing should
have different colors of jersey to be easily distinguishable
from their opponents.
• 5. THE REFEREE - they are responsible to maintain the
decorum of the game and penalize a player for breaking
the rules.
• 6. ASSISTANT REFEREES - the assistant referees help
the referee to conduct the match in a fair manner in
accordance with the rules.
• 7. DURATION OF THE MATCH - a typical football
match is divided into two halves, each of 45 minutes with
a 15 minutes break in between.
• 8. THE START AND RESTART OF PLAY - coin toss is in place
before the kick-off, the winner of the toss decides whether his
team would kick-off in first half or second half.
• 9. BALL IN AND OUT OF PLAY - the ball is considered out of
play when the whole of the ball has crossed the goal line or
touchline or when the referee has blown the whistle to pause the
game.
• 10. METHODS OF SCORING - goal is scored when the whole of
the ball completely crosses over the goal line (between the
goalposts and under crossbar) from the action, direct free-kick or
penalty-kick provided no infringement of the Laws of the Game
has occurred prior to scoring.
• 11. OFFSIDE RULE – the basic concept of this rule is that if
a player is nearer to his opponent’s goal line than the
second-last opponent and the ball, then the player is
considered to be in an offside position.
• 12. FOULS AND MISCONDUCT - misconduct is where a
player deliberately pushes, holds, or kick his/her opponents.
Fouls occur when the action is mostly accidental when a
player is trying to get the ball from the opponent when the
ball is in play.
• 13. FREE KICKS- Free kicks are categorized as Direct or
Indirect.
Indirect free-kick- the one where the ball must go to
another player before it is being taken towards the goal to
score.
Direct free-kick- is the one where the kicker can choose to
score without passing it to another player.
• 14. PENALTY KICK – a penalty is awarded to a team when
an opposition player commits a major foul or deliberately
handles the ball (except for the goalkeeper) on his own
penalty area.
• 15. THROW IN – a throw-in is awarded to a team when the
last touch of the ball is by an opposing player before the
ball has gone out of touchline.
•
• 16. GOAL KICK – goal kick is awarded to a team when
the opposition team puts the ball completely over the goal
line and a goal has not been scored. The ball is then
kicked from any position within the goal by a player of
the defending team.
• 17. CORNER KICK - is awarded to an attacking team
when the defending team puts the ball completely over the
goal line without it having to pass in between the
goalposts and under the crossbar.
 OFFICIATING

• Referee - the lead official that has control of the game and is
generally the final authority in all decisions.
• Umpire - is the official that lines up approximately five yards
off the line of scrimmage on the defensive side of the ball.
• Head Linesman/Down Judge - is the official on the sideline
that straddles the line of scrimmage looking for scrimmage
violations
• Line Judge - is the official who lines up on the opposite side
of the field from the head linesman.
• Back Judge - is the official who sets up 20 yards deep in the
defensive backfield on the wide receiver side of the field.
• Side Judge - is the official positioned 20 yards deep in the
defensive backfield near the same sideline as the head
linesman.
• Field Judge - is the official that lines up 25 yards deep in the
defensive backfield on the tight end side of the field.
 SEATWORK

1. It is the game similar to football that was

existed in ancient Greece? It means
‘common ball’?
2. What is the meaning of the acronym FIFA?
3. What year was the first international
tournament of the game football?
4.
 SEATWORK

4. These are specially designed shoes with spikes

on the bottom that provide great traction on the
grass.
5. This is the main equipment of the game. It is
made of vulcanized rubber with plastic bladders
and covered by plastic covers.
6. This is the ability to drive the ball to a partner.
1.
 SEATWORK

7. They are responsible to maintain the decorum of

the game and penalize a player for breaking the
rules.
8. It is the official that lines up approximately five
yards off the line of scrimmage on the defensive
side of the ball.
9. It is a judge who lines up on the opposite side of
the field from the head linesman.
1.
 SEATWORK

10. What team or country was

the winner on the recently
FIFA World cup championship
that was held in Qatar?
GROUP 6

•Marvin Morgado
•Hiyesa Ann Marcos
•John David Salazar
 REFERENCES

• https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/history-football-brief
• https://lifebeyondsportmedia.com/Ranking-the-Top-10-Stadiums
• https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/stadium
• https://www.liveabout.com/football-officials-and-their-duties-1333786
• https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/what-are-the-17-rules-of-
footballsoccer-1665405326-1
• https://clubs.bluesombrero.com/Default.aspx?tabid=283989
•