NAME: TRILLO, JOHN VINCENT R.

DATE: 08/30/2023

YEAR & SECTION: BS ARCHITECTURE 4-B SUBJECT: HERITAGE CONSERVATION 1

RESEARCH FOR A CULTURAL HERITAGE CHOOSE (1) TANGIBLE AND (1) INTANGIBLE CULTURAL
HERITAGE.

- Tangible Cultural Heritage (Corregidor Island)

The Spanish recognized "Isla ng Corregidor" as a key defensive position when they arrived in the
Philippines in the 16th century. It is situated at the entrance to Manila Bay. Since this was the location
where all ships entering Manila would stop for inspection, it was given the name "Island of the
Corrector." Since then, numerous fights, including those fought during the Spanish-American War and
the American colonial era, have taken place on the fortress island.

Corregidor served as the temporary Philippine Government

headquarters during the 1941 Japanese invasion of the
Philippines. Without reinforcements, the American and
Philippine troops were severely defeated as they battled to
defend the island using tunnels carved into the rock as
hospitals and ammunition outlets. By the spring of 1942, the
Japanese had taken Corregidor.

The tide of the war shifted against the Japanese in 1945. In

February of that year, after enduring months of aerial and
naval bombardment in the island's tunnels, they submitted
to American and Philippine forces.

The location is filled with recollections of what happened

here, even on a bright, brilliant day. If it weren't for the
vegetation that has replaced them in the years since they
were abandoned, the houses and defenses would appear to
have been abandoned only yesterday. The remnants of
WWII conflicts are still being discovered, according to tour
guides on the island.

The island is now a designated national monument and war memorial. The ruins have been maintained
in memory of the American, Philippine, and Japanese soldiers who fought and died here.

- Intangible Cultural Heritage (Hudhud Chant by Ifugao)

The Ifugao people, well renowned for its rice terraces that extend over the mountains of the northern
island of the Philippine archipelago, performs narrative chants known as the Hudhud as part of their
cultural history. It is used in rituals and throughout the rice-planting season, harvest, and funeral wakes.
The Hudhud is a collection of more than 200 chants grouped into 40 episodes, each of which is thought
to have been composed before the seventh century. A thorough recitation can go on for several days.
Due to the matrilineal nature of the Ifugao society,
the wife typically plays a central role in the chants,
with her brother standing over her husband. The
vocabulary of the stories is rife with metaphor,
onomatopoeia, metonymy, and repetitions, making
transcribing extremely challenging. As a result, there
are not many written examples of this custom. The
song describes ancestral heroes, customary law,
religious convictions, and traditional activities while
also emphasizing the value of rice farming. The
narrators, who are mostly elderly women, serve as historians and preachers, two important roles in the
community. The first narrator and a choir alternately chant the Hudhud epic, using the same melody
throughout all the lines.

The Ifugao's traditional culture has been weakened by their adoption to Catholicism. In addition, the
Hudhud is associated with rice picking by hand, which is now automated. The few remaining narrators,
who are already quite old, need support in their efforts to convey their expertise and to promote
awareness among young people despite the fact that the rice terraces are classified as a World Heritage
Site.

EXPLAIN WHY YOU CHOOSE THESE TWO AND WHY DO YOU THINK IT IS IMPORTANT TO FILIPINOS.

I selected Corregidor Island as an exemplification of cultural heritage because it carries great historical
significance in the Philippines. Once a military stronghold and battlefield during World War II Corregidor
Island is adorned with remnants such as tunnels, batteries and fortifications that serve as concrete proof
of the nation’s fight for liberation. Conversely the Hudhud chant performed by the people represents
intangible cultural heritage showcasing the profound oral traditions, rituals and storytelling practices of
indigenous Filipino communities. Both Corregidor Island and the Hudhud chant hold value for Filipinos.
Corregidor Island symbolizes their resilience and bravery during an era in history while the Hudhud chant
preserves the cultural identity and spiritual beliefs of the Ifugao people underscoring the diverse and
vibrant tapestry of Filipino culture that extends beyond physical artifacts, into traditions and customs.