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Revit Building Metric Tutorials A4 Size
Revit Building Metric Tutorials A4 Size
Revit Building Metric Tutorials A4 Size
Metric Tutorials
August 2006
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Contents
Contents | v
Adding a Sheet to the Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Modifying the Building Model from a Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Creating New Views to Add to Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Using Legends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Creating a Symbol Legend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Creating a Wall Type Legend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Using a Legend View to Match Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Using Revision Tracking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Setting Up a Revision Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Sketching Revision Clouds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Tagging Revision Clouds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Working with Revisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
vi | Contents
Using Formulas and Filters in Schedules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
Creating a Level-Based Door Schedule with a Filter . . . . . . . . 335
Creating a Wall Schedule with Filters and a Formula . . . . . . . 338
Scheduling Project Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
Creating a Room Schedule with Project Parameters . . . . . . . . 340
Exporting Project Information with ODBC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
Exporting Schedule Information to Microsoft Access . . . . . . . 343
Contents | vii
Creating a Walkthrough . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 452
Changing the Walkthrough Path and Camera Position . . . . . . 457
Recording the Walkthrough . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 460
viii | Contents
Part 6 Creating Families . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 577
Chapter 12 About Families and the Family Editor . . . . . . . . . . 579
Using Families and the Family Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 580
Introduction to Families . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 580
Introduction to the Family Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 582
Contents | ix
Adding the Titleblock to a New Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 736
Creating In-Place Families . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 738
Creating the Dome Roof In-Place Family . . . . . . . . . . . . . 738
Creating the Concave Floor In-Place Family . . . . . . . . . . . . 747
x | Contents
Curtain System by Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 892
Contents | xi
Modifying a Nested Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1006
Working with Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1008
Duplicating a Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1008
Creating a Detail Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1011
Using Attached Detail Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1013
Saving and Loading Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1015
Automatically Creating a Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1018
xii | Contents
Creating the Roof System Design Options . . . . . . . . . . . . 1179
Managing Design Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1189
Contents | xiii
Getting Started
1
1
Introduction
1
This introduction helps you get started with the Revit Building
product, including:
3
4 | Chapter 1 Introduction
Using the Tutorials
In this lesson, you learn how to get started with the Revit Building
tutorials, including where to locate the training files specified in the
tutorials and how to create a new Revit Building project from a template
file.
The Contents tab of the Revit Building Tutorials window displays the
available tutorial titles. Expand a title to display the titles of the lessons
in the tutorial, and expand a lesson title to display a list of exercises in
the lesson.
NOTE You may find it helpful to print a tutorial to make it easier to reference
the instructions as you work in Revit Building. The tutorials are also available
in PDF format by clicking Help menu ➤ Documents on the Web in Revit
Building.
What is a dataset?
Open a dataset
1 Click File menu ➤ Open.
2 In the left pane of the Open dialog, scroll down, and click the
Training Files icon.
3 In the right pane, double-click Common, Imperial, or Metric,
depending on the type of dataset.
Save a dataset
5 To save a dataset with a new name, click File menu ➤ Save As.
6 | Chapter 1 Introduction
In many cases, the work you do in a project during a tutorial
exercise becomes the starting point for the next exercise.
In many tutorials, you create a project or modify an existing
project, save the changes, and use the saved version of the
file to begin the next exercise or lesson.
■ For Save in, select the folder in which to save the new
file.
You can save the file in the appropriate Training Files
folder or in another location. Note where you save the
file so you can open it for additional exercises as
required.
The term parametric refers to the relationships among all elements of the
model that enable the coordination and change management that Revit
Building provides. These relationships are created either automatically by
the software or by you as you work. In mathematics and mechanical CAD,
the numbers or characteristics that define these kinds of relationships are
called parameters; hence, the operation of the software is parametric. This
concept is important because it is this capability that delivers the
fundamental coordination and productivity benefits of Revit Building:
8 | Chapter 1 Introduction
Change anything at any time anywhere in the project, and Revit Building
coordinates that change through the entire project.
The following are examples of these element relationships:
Most of the terms used to identify objects in Revit Building are common,
industry-standard terms familiar to most architects. However, there are
some terms that are unique to Revit Building, and understanding them is
crucial to understanding the software. This section defines the basic terms
used in Revit Building.
Project: In Revit Building, the project is the single database of information
for your design—the building information model. The project file contains
all the information for your building design, from geometry to construction
data. This information includes components used to design the model,
views of the project, and drawings of the design. By using a single project
file, Revit Building makes it easy for you to alter your design and have
changes reflected in all associated areas (plan views, elevation views, section
views, schedules, and so forth). Having only one file to track also makes
it easier to manage the project.
Level: Levels are infinite horizontal planes that act as a reference for
level-hosted elements, such as roofs, floors, and ceilings. Most often, you
use levels to define a vertical height or story within a building. You create
a level for each known story or other needed reference of the building; for
example, first floor, top of wall, or bottom of foundation. To place levels,
you must be in a section or elevation view.
10 | Chapter 1 Introduction
Level 2 work plane cutting through the 3D view with the corresponding floor
plan tiled next to it.
Element: When creating your project, you add Revit Building parametric
building elements to the design. All elements are considered categories.
Revit Building classifies elements by model component elements and
annotation elements.
Type: Each family can have different types. A type can be a specific size
of a family, such as a A0 title block or a 910 x 2110 door. A type can also
be a style, such as default aligned or default angular style for dimensions.
A family can have several types. For example, a table could come in several
different sizes. Each different size would be a new type within the same
family.
Instance: Instances are the actual items that are placed in the project and
have specific locations in the building (model instances) or on a drawing
sheet (annotation instances).
12 | Chapter 1 Introduction
Navigating the User Interface
One of the advantages of Revit Building is its ease of use, specifically its
clear user interface. The Revit Building window is arranged to make
navigation easy. Even the toolbar buttons are labeled, making it easy to
understand what each button represents. Revit Building uses standard
Microsoft® Windows® conventions. If you have used any other product
that follows these conventions, learning Revit Building is much easier.
In the following illustration, the user interface is labeled. In the steps
that follow, you navigate and become familiar with the user interface.
2 Place your cursor at the top of the user interface and notice
the Title Bar contains the name of the project and the view
that is currently open.
TIP The view opened and the view names are dependent on the
template on which the project is based.
TIP For example, the shortcut key for Zoom in Region is ZR.
The Toolbar
14 | Chapter 1 Introduction
The Options Bar
16 | Chapter 1 Introduction
The Show Design Bars dialog is displayed.
18 | Chapter 1 Introduction
■ Massing tab: commands for executing conceptual
massing commands
■ Room and Area tab: commands for making room and
area schemes and plans
■ Structural tab: commands for adding structural
components to your project
■ Construction tab: includes commands for creating
construction industry information
To access the commands within a tab, click the tab, and the
respective commands are displayed on the Design Bar.
TIP You can turn the visibility of each tab on and off by
right-clicking on the Design Bar and selecting the tab from the
context menu.
20 | Chapter 1 Introduction
14 Click Settings menu ➤ Browser Organization.
You can create and modify Project Browser organization
schemes for both views and sheets. After you create a
browser organization scheme, you can instantly change the
sorting within the Project Browser by selecting the scheme
in the Type Selector.
TIP The tooltip that displays is identical to the note in the status
bar.
19 Place the cursor over the elevation symbol arrow on the left
side of the drawing area.
22 | Chapter 1 Introduction
The elevation symbol consists of two parts, the main symbol
and the elevation directional arrows. Make sure you place
the cursor over the arrow portion of the symbol. It
highlights when the cursor is over it.
TIP You can control the level of Tool Tip assistance from the
Settings ➤ Options menu.
24 | Chapter 1 Introduction
6 Click View menu ➤ Zoom to display the zoom options
menu.
The zoom menu lists the zoom options and the shortcut
keys for each option.
11 Click the upper left corner and lower right corner of the region
you wish to zoom; this is referred to as a crossing selection.
NOTE As you zoom in and out within a view, Revit Building uses
the largest snap increment that represents less than 2mm in the
drawing area. To modify or add snap increments, click Settings
menu ➤ Snaps.
click .
The Dynamic View dialog displays in the lower-left corner of
the screen.
26 | Chapter 1 Introduction
14 Use one of the following methods to zoom:
17 Click and drag the left control, moving the cursor to the
left horizontally, to lengthen the wall.
Move an element
19 Scroll the view down so you can see the couch and table in
the floor plan.
(Move).
Some commands, such as Move and Copy, require two clicks
to complete the command. After selecting the element to be
moved, for example, click to specify the starting position, and
click again to specify the ending position. In this case, you
want to move the table closer to the wall.
28 | Chapter 1 Introduction
22 Click next to the lower wall, as shown.
The table moves down and the lower-left corner is placed
at the move endpoint.
.
All changes you make to a project are tracked. The Undo
command allows you to undo several commands by clicking
the drop-down menu next to the Undo command on the
Toolbar. In this example, you decide that you like the table
better where it was placed originally.
25 On the Undo menu, select the second item in the list, Move.
Selecting the second action in the list will undo the last two
actions. All commands are canceled up to and including the
selected command. The table and plant are returned to their
original locations.
End a command
27 Click in the drawing area to start the line and click again to
end it.
Notice that the Lines command is still active and you could
continue to place lines.
30 | Chapter 1 Introduction
28 To end the command, use one of the following methods:
33
Creating a Building
Information Model
2
In this tutorial, you learn how to design a building information
35
When you constrain Revit Building elements to each other, it
You set up the project and create the structural frame and
datasets.
You learn how the levels are locked, or constrained, to each other, so that
when one level moves, the other levels move and change with it. When
you begin designing, you will use the levels to position building elements
such as walls, doors, and windows within the building model.
11 On the left side of the Project Browser, view the Design Bar.
The Design Bar provides tabs that provide quick access to many
commands. By default, not all the tabs are visible. The
command that you use to add levels is on the Basics tab, which
should display by default. If it does not, place the cursor
anywhere on the Design Bar, right-click, and click Basics.
15 Move the cursor to the left endpoint of the 01 Entry Level line,
and then move it up.
As you move the cursor, a temporary dimension displays the
height between 01 Entry Level and the cursor position.
16 Move the cursor until the height reads 3750 mm, and click to
specify the start point of the new level line, 3750 mm above
01Entry Level.
17 Move the cursor horizontally until a dashed green line displays
alignment with the two existing levels, click to specify the
endpoint of the level line, and press ESC.
■ 04 Level
■ 05 Roof Garden
NOTE Do not use the Copy command to create the levels. If you
create a level by copying it, the associated floor and ceiling plan
views are not be created. Copy levels only when you want to use
them for reference.
29 Click the 06 Roof Level line, and zoom to the left endpoint of
the line.
30 Select the empty blue box on the left to display a level symbol
at the left endpoint of the line, as shown.
Next, use the Pick option to create another vertical grid line
by offsetting it a specific distance from the existing line.
6 Offset a second vertical grid line from the first grid line:
24 Press ESC.
The pins are hidden. You must select the grid lines to redisplay
the pins.
29 Press and hold CTRL, and select all of the column grid lines.
30 Verify that all the grid lines are selected (red), and on the
Options Bar, click Finish.
Columns that span from the 00 Foundation level to the 05
Roof Garden level are added at the grid line intersections
of the column grid.
41 Resize the view by moving the frame grips until you can view
all of the columns.
Adding Beams
In this exercise, you add beams to build the structure of the building
model. You begin by adding beams to the 01 Entry Level floor plan, and
then copy them to the subsequent levels.
When you finish adding beams, you change the height of the columns
so they extend to the 06 Roof level.
Adding Beams | 55
Add beams to the first level of the building
1 In the Project Browser, under Floor Plans, double-click 01 Entry
Level.
2 At the bottom left corner of the drawing area, view the icons
on the View Control Bar.
The View Control Bar offers graphical shortcuts to view settings
and commands.
3 Click the Detail Level icon , the icon on the right side of
the scale.
A flyout menu displays the level of detail in which you can
display the elements in the current view. The view is currently
set to coarse, which displays the structural elements in your
view as single lines.
4 Click Medium.
5 On the Structural tab of the Design Bar, click Beam.
6 In the Type Selector, verify UB-Universal Beam: 305x165x40UB
is selected.
7 On the Options Bar, click Grid.
8 Press and hold CTRL, and select each grid line.
The selected grid lines display as red.
Adding Beams | 57
13 On the Design Bar, click Modify.
14 Select one of the beams, right-click, and click Select All
Instances.
All of the beams attached to the columns display as red.
NOTE The default 3D view is the only 3D view in which the Select
All Instances command is available. It is not available in a
perspective or camera view.
Adding Beams | 59
View the south elevation of the structure
Adding Braces
In this exercise, you add braces to the four corners of the building
structure. To better add the braces to the structure, you create 8 framing
elevation views.
Adding Braces | 61
2 On the Structural tab of the Design Bar, click Framing
Elevation.
3 On the Options Bar, verify Attach to Grid is selected.
4 Select the outer grid lines to place 8 elevation markers around
the outside of the grid as shown, and press ESC to end the
command.
Each elevation marker aligns perpendicularly to the grid.
NOTE Make sure you snap to the endpoints of the beams when
adding braces to ensure proper connectivity in the building
model.
NOTE Do not copy or array braces. You must place them one
by one to establish the proper connections between elements.
Adding Braces | 63
Lower the height of the roof (06 Roof) and the 04 Level to test the
connectivity
IMPORTANT If the brace does not move with the level, delete
it and redraw it. Make sure that you use the endpoint snap to
connect the brace to the beams.
Adding Braces | 65
Add brace in the remaining views and test the connectivity of the
building model structure
Adding Braces | 67
29 In the Project Browser, under Floor Plans, double-click 00
Foundation.
30 Select the dimension string of the first vertical grid bay, and
if necessary, lock it.
31 Proceed to the next exercise, “Creating a Foundation” on page
68.
Creating a Foundation
In this exercise, you place isolated pile caps under the building columns
to create a foundation system that distributes the building load to the
ground.
Before you can add the pile caps, you must load the appropriate pile cap
family into the project. You learn how to access the families that are stored
in libraries included with software, and how to load specific families into
9 At the top left of the grid, click the intersection of grid line
A and grid line 1.
A warning displays.
Creating a Foundation | 69
The foundation pile cap now displays.
NOTE The default 3D view is the only 3D view in which the Select
All Instances command is available. It is not available in a
perspective or camera view.
4 Press ESC.
5 On the Structural tab of the Design Bar, click Structural
Column.
6 On the Options Bar, click Load.
7 In the left pane of the Open dialog, click Training Files, and
open Metric\Families\Structural\Columns\Steel.
8 Select CHS-Circular Hollow Section-Column.rfa.
9 At the bottom of the Open dialog, in the Type listing, scroll
to view the available column sizes.
10 Under Type, select 508x12.5CHS, and click Open.
View the building model with the new structural element types
Adding Floors
In this exercise, you add floors to the 01 Entry Level through the 05
Roof Garden level of the building.
To create floors, you must sketch them first in a sketch editor. Some
other Revit Building elements, such as roofs, stairs, and railings are also
created from sketches. In this exercise, you learn some different
techniques that you can use when sketching objects.
Dataset
Continue to use the project file you used in the previous exercise, or
follow the instructions below to open a new one.
Adding Floors | 75
■ In the left pane of the Open dialog, scroll down, and click the Training
Files icon.
■ Open m_RRB_add_floors.rvt.
4 Dimension the space between the left floor edge and the
first vertical grid line. Do not lock the dimension.
Adding Floors | 77
■ Enter 300 mm, press ENTER, and then press ESC.
■ Select the left floor edge and change the top dimension
value to 300 mm.
■ Move the cursor to dimensions at the bottom of the grid,
and change their values to 300 mm.
■ Lock the dimensions.
Adding Floors | 79
12 At the top left corner of the grid, dimension the space between
the 02 Level floor and the grid as shown, and lock the
dimensions.
21 Select the top 02 Level floor line, and then select the top
line of the 03 Level floor sketch.
The sketched floor line is aligned with the top 03 Level floor
line, and a lock icon displays.
Adding Floors | 81
24 On the Design Bar, click Finish Sketch.
25 Repeat the previous procedure to create a floor on the 04 Level,
and constrain the 04 Level floor to the 03 Level floor.
Alternatively, you could place the rectangular sketch on the
04 Level, and lock the edges.
Copy and paste the 01 Entry Level floor to the 05 Roof Garden
level
Adding Floors | 83
42 In the Project Browser, under 3D Views, double-click {3D} to
view the grid.
Adding a Roof
In this exercise, you add a sloped roof over the corner of the building.
Adding a Roof | 85
3 On the Basics tab of the Design Bar, click Roof ➤ Roof by
Footprint.
4 On the Design Bar, click Lines.
5 On the Options Bar:
6 Move the cursor over grid line E, and then move your cursor
slightly to the right of the grid line. When a green dashed line
displays, click to place the roof line.
The roof sketch line displays with a slope marker.
7 Select grid line 5, move your cursor slightly below the grid
line, and when the green dashed line displays, click to place
the roof line.
The roof sketch line displays with a slope marker.
9 Select grid line C to place another roof line, and lock it.
10 Select grid line 3 to place the final roof line, and lock it.
11 Press ESC.
Adding a Roof | 87
12 Trim the rooflines:
Adding a Roof | 89
21 Proceed to the next exercise, “Adding a Curtain Wall” on page
90.
.
4 In the Element Properties dialog, for Type, click Edit/New.
5 Click Duplicate.
When you duplicate a type, you copy an existing family type
and change its name and parameters to create a new unique
type. The type is saved in the project.
■ Click .
■ For Level, select 01 Entry Level.
■ For Height, select 05 Roof Garden.
■ For Offset, enter 600 mm.
9 Move the cursor over the grid line 1 near its endpoint, and
move it slightly toward the building interior.
10 When a green dashed line displays, click to place the 1st
curtain wall segment.
11 Select the 3 remaining grid lines to create 3 more curtain
wall segments that are offset 600 mm from the grid lines
toward the building interior.
Creating an Entrance
In this exercise, you replace 4 curtain wall panels with doors in the front
of the building to create the main building entrance. You also modify
the panels around the doors so they are solid rather than glass.
Creating an Entrance | 93
Dataset
Continue to use the project file you used in the previous exercise, or follow
the instructions below to open a new one.
2 On the View Control Bar, click Detail Level, and click Medium.
3 Click View menu ➤ Visibility/Graphics.
4 On the Model Categories tab, under the element list, click All.
All the elements in the list are selected.
7 Click OK.
■ Click Open.
Creating an Entrance | 95
10 Load a new curtain wall panel family into the project:
13 When all 9 panels are selected, click the pin to remove it from
each of the panels.
Creating an Entrance | 97
21 In the Project Browser, under Elevations (Building Elevation),
double-click South.
22 Zoom to the front of the building.
23 Move your cursor over the curtain wall mullion shown below.
24 Press TAB until you are notified that you have selected a grid
line, and click to select it.
Creating an Entrance | 99
34 Repeat for the next 3 panels.
■ Specify the section start point just below the right framing
elevation marker.
■ Move the cursor horizontally to the left, and specify a
point past grid line D.
16 Select the section box, and drag the grips that display to
limit the section view to display only 01 Entry Level and
02 Level.
■ Click .
■ For Loc Line, select Finish Face: Exterior.
■ Click .
■ Click Sketch.
■ Click .
■ Click .
35 Align and lock each ceiling line to the interior wall faces.
40 Press and hold CTRL, select the four walls, and click .
41 In the Element Properties dialog, under Constraints, for Base
Offset, enter 2700 mm, and click OK.
42 On the Design Bar, click Modify.
59 Press ESC.
Dataset
Continue to use the project file you used in the previous exercise, or follow
the instructions below to open a new one.
■ Click .
15 Select the interior face of the top horizontal wall, and lock the
alignment.
16 Using the same technique, align the 2 vertical side edges of
the stair with the 2 vertical walls and lock the alignments.
TIP To flip the door swing, press the SPACEBAR before you
place the door.
■ Click .
■ Click .
TIP After you place the 1st planter, move the cursor over the
planter and move it to the right to display a dashed green line
that helps you to place the next planter.
■ Click .
■ For Offset, enter 2400 mm.
30 Move the cursor over grid line 5 between grid lines A and B.
31 Press TAB until a line that is offset 2400 mm from grid line 5
displays between grid lines A and B, and click to place the line.
38 Select the left endpoint of the line between grid lines A and
B, move the cursor up 900 mm, and click to finish the line.
55 Move the cursor so the rotation line displays along Alex’s line
of sight and specify a point.
56 Move the cursor toward the column, and specify a point to
rotate him so he is facing the column.
67 Select and drag both Cathy and Alex above the sidewalk.
68 Select Cathy, and on the Options Bar, click Pick Host.
69 Click the sidewalk.
73 Use the same technique to pick the sidewalk as the host for
the car.
The service core is contained in an external file that you link to your
current project. After the service core is linked to your project, you must
Dataset
Continue to use the project file you used in the previous exercise, or follow
the instructions below to open a new one.
11 Click Open.
The building service core displays in your drawing.
23 Select the endpoint of the right horizontal line that you just
sketched, move the cursor vertically 1500 mm, and click to
draw another line.
24 Complete the sketch as shown.
■ Click .
■ For Offset, enter 100 mm.
37 Select the floor lines to sketch the railing around the inside of
the floor line as shown.
155
Creating Drawings
3
In this tutorial, you learn how to create drawings from a
usually contain a title block, and are accessible from the Project
directly to the sheet. The model views that you can add to
157
Creating Drawing Sheets in a Project
In this lesson, you learn how to create sheets within a Revit Building
project, how to add views to the sheets, how to create new views from a
building model, and how to make changes to the building model from a
view on a sheet. The project used in the following exercises is a small office
building model.
You begin by duplicating an existing floor plan view that includes furniture.
You turn off the visibility of the furniture in the duplicated view to create
■ Casework
■ Furniture
■ Lighting Fixtures
■ Specialty Equipment
9 Click OK.
Casework, furniture, and specialty equipment are no longer
displayed in the Level 1 floor plan view.
13 Click OK.
14 Continue to change the remaining parameters:
15 Click OK.
Create a sheet
20 On the Design Bar, click Modify, and select the title block.
21 When the title block highlights, on the Options Bar, click
.
22 In the Element Properties dialog box, under Identity Data,
enter Ground Floor Plan for Sheet Name, and click OK.
23 Ground Floor Plan is displayed in the title block as the sheet
name and is appended to the sheet name in the Project
Browser.
27 With the view selected, on the View menu, click Activate View.
The border and title block are grayed out, indicating that the
Level 1 floor plan View is active and you can modify it. Any
changes that you make to it on the sheet while it is active
display when you open the Level 1 floor plan view.
Center the view on the sheet and reposition the drawing scale
31 Select the viewport and from the Type Selector, click Viewport
: Title w Line.
32 Select the viewport, and drag the grips that display on the
scale to lengthen it.
39 On the Design Bar, click Modify, and select the door on the
north exterior wall (in the upper right corner).
40 Click the control arrows until the door swings open to the
interior, as shown in the following illustration.
In the Project Browser, under Sheets (all), the new sheet, A102
- Furniture Plan Level 1, is displayed. The sheet is incrementally
named A102.
Change the scale of the view before you add it to the sheet
Change the callout view scale, and add the callout view to a new
sheet
7 On the View Control Bar, click the scale value, and select
1:20.
TIP You can also drag the Floor Plan: Callout of Level 1 Furniture
view from the Project Browser to place it on the sheet.
18 Move the cursor to the lower left room, center it in the room
so that it points north, and click to place the elevation
symbol.
As you move the cursor, the elevation symbol points to the
closest wall.
45 If you want to save your changes, on the File menu, click Save
As, and save the exercise file with a unique name.
46 Close the exercise file.
By completing the exercises in this lesson, you learned how to create new
drawing sheets, add views to your sheets, modify the building model from
your sheets, and to create new views of your building model, such as
callouts, elevations, and sections.
Using Legends
Legends provide a way to display a list of the various building components
and annotations used in a project. The two most common types of legends
produced for construction documents are annotation legends and building
component legends.
Annotation legends are made up of components such as section markers
and door tags that are paired with text that identifies them. On construction
documents, annotation legends are often referred to as symbol legends.
Building component legends list and identify components such as walls,
windows, doors, and door frames. On construction documents, building
component legends are often called schedules (wall type schedule, door
frame schedule, and so on).
15 Working from the top down, enter the following text for the
remaining symbols in the legend:
The wall type in the floor plan matches wall type 1 from
the Wall Type Legend.
7 Click OK.
8 On the File menu, click Save As.
9 Navigate to your preferred directory, name the file
m_Revisions-in progress.rvt, and click Save.
10 Proceed to the next exercise, “Sketching Revision Clouds”
on page 195.
Modify a window
1 In the Project Browser, expand Views, and expand Floor
Plans.
2 Double-click Level 1 to open it in the drawing area.
3 In the small empty room, select the window.
Add a window
4 Click Load.
5 In the left pane of the Open dialog box, click the Training Files
icon, and open Metric\Families\Annotations\ M_Revision
Tag.rfa, and click Open.
In the Tags dialog box, notice that M_Revision Tag is the
loaded tag for Revision Clouds.
The tag displays the revision number of the cloud. The number
is based on the numbering method you specified when you
set up the revision table. Because you chose to number by
project, and because the revision is the first in the project, the
cloud is tagged as number 1.
Issue a revision
201
Creating a Detail from a Building Model
In this lesson, you detail the foundation sill of a small house.
In order to detail from the building model, you must define the view in
which you want to create a detail. You define that view by creating a callout
view within a section view. In the callout view, you trace over the building
model geometry, add detail components, and then complete the detail by
adding break lines and text notes.
2 On the Design Bar, click Modify and select the section line.
Blue grips and a break symbol display on the section line.
11 Select the grip near the callout head and move it to the
bottom left side of the view as shown in the following
illustration.
15 Click OK.
16 In the view, select the First Floor level line.
Notice that the alignment of the level is locked to the site
level.
TIP If you do not see the Filled Region command, turn off the
display of some of the Design Bar tabs.
Notice that the Design Bar is now in Sketch mode and the
model geometry is grayed out.
NOTE You may have to zoom out to view the earth fill pattern
in the filled region. If you are zoomed in too far, the pattern
does not display.
■ 50X150 mm Nominal
■ 50X250mm Nominal
■ 50X300 Nominal
21 Click Open.
22 In the Type Selector, select M_Nominal Cut Lumber-Section
50x250.
TIP You may need to use the Move command to adjust the
position of the lumber.
TIP You may need to use the Align tool to place the plywood
component.
39 Click OK twice.
40 Add the lap siding to the plywood on the exterior face:
click .
8 Using the underlay inside wall face and floor as references,
sketch a 20 x 100 mm baseboard.
Add insulation
■ Click at the top and to the right of the exterior wall face
underlay of the wall to specify the start point.
9 On the Design Bar, click Modify, and select the break line.
NOTE You may need to drag the shape handles of the break
line to resize it to the illustration.
3 Move your cursor over the kitchen sink detail component, and
when it highlights, select it.
■ Select Override.
■ Select 8 for Line Weight.
■ Select Black for Line Color.
■ Select Solid for Line Pattern.
21 Click OK twice.
The cut line style of the walls is now significantly heavier.
22 If you want to save your changes, on the File menu, click Save
As, and save the exercise file with a unique name.
23 Close the exercise file without saving your changes.
TIP If the tab that you need does not display in the Design Bar,
right-click in the Design Bar, and click the tab in the context menu.
15 In the Type Properties dialog box, click for the Fill pattern
type parameter.
16 In the Fill Patterns dialog box, under Name, select Sand.
17 Under Pattern Type, verify Drafting is selected, and click OK
3 times.
18 On the Design Bar, click Finish Sketch.
The detail with filled regions (the gypsum wall board with the
sand drafting pattern) is displayed.
TIP You may need to use the Move command to adjust the
position of the lumber.
38 Stack another 38 x 125 directly above the one that you placed
in the previous step to complete the header.
TIP Rotate and move the bottom break line to adjust its
masking element.
20 Click Open.
06160-Sheathing/M_Plywood- 06160.D12
Section.rfa (Type: M_Plywood-
Section : 19mm)
84 Click OK twice.
85 Click in the drawing area to place the first endpoint, move the
cursor vertically for a height of 600 mm, and click to place the
repeating detail component.
Dataset
Continue to use the dataset you used in the previous exercise,
m_shared_details.rvt.
10 Select the CMU detail, click the blue line end control and move
the cursor down so that only three repeating components
display, as shown:
14 On the Drafting tab of the Design Bar, click Detail Lines, and
in the Type Selector, select Medium Lines.
15 Use the following steps to create a custom detail component
to fill the space above the M_Nominal Cut Lumber-Section :
50x200mm and below the sloped plywood:
■ In the drawing area, draw the border lines for the new
wedge-shaped component.
■ In the Type Selector, select Thin lines.
■ Draw crossed lines through the new component from the
bottom left corner to the top right and from the bottom
right to the top left.
■ On the Design Bar, click Modify.
16 Press and hold CTRL, and click to select each line in the new
component.
45 On the Design Bar, click Load into Projects, and in the Load
into Projects dialog, select m_shared_details.rvt, and click
OK.
46 In the Reload Family dialog, click Yes to overwrite the
existing version of the project.
47 Save the Bricks Section family as
M_Bricks-Section-Modified.rfa, and close the file.
NOTE On the Design Bar, click Modify, select the break line,
and drag the shape handles to extend the break line, if
necessary.
■ Select the break line, and drag the shape handle to extend
the line to the bottom of the detail.
■ Drag the center of the break line to position it in the
middle of the detail.
■ Drag the shape handle to extend the line to the top of the
detail.
■ Click and drag the left Break Line region to the left to
expose the endpoint of the repeating roof decking.
■ On the Drafting tab of the Design Bar, click Detail
Component.
■ In the Type Selector, select M_Roof Decking-Section : 1.5
NR 22, and click to place the element in the drawing area.
Use the SPACEBAR to rotate the element as you place it.
NOTE After you place the keynote on the single roof decking
element, you can click and drag the leader to more accurately
keynote the repeating detail.
3 Click OK.
8 On the Design Bar, click Modify, and then select the detail.
9 Right-click, and click Full Explode.
10 If an error dialog box displays, click Delete Element(s).
The lines of the detail are converted to detail lines, and the
text within the detail is converted to Revit Building text. The
text retains the DWG layer color.
11 On the Design Bar, click Modify, press and hold CTRL, and
select all of the text blocks in the detail.
16 On the Design Bar, click Modify, and select the bottom text
note, MET STUD FRAMING.
6 Select the callout, and use the callout grips to move the
callout head.
The callout head displays the detail and sheet information
(1/A101) because the referenced drafting view is already
placed on this sheet.
8 If you want to save your changes, on the File menu, click Save
As, and save the exercise file with a unique name. Otherwise,
close the exercise file without saving your changes.
283
Creating Type and Instance Schedules
In this lesson, you learn how to create type and instance schedules. When
you schedule building components in Revit Building, you can list each
component as a separate line item, creating an instance schedule, or you
can group components of the same type into a single line item, creating
a type schedule.
Next, you group and sort the windows in the instance schedule. Finally,
you change the window instance schedule to a window type schedule,
or a schedule that lists the windows by window type.
Dataset
TIP If the View tab of the Design Bar is not active, right-click in
the Design Bar, and click View.
■ Count
■ Height
■ Level
■ Type Mark
■ Width
7 Click OK.
8 Select any cell in the first row of the window schedule and,
on the Options Bar, click Show.
9 In the warning dialog box that is displayed, click OK to
search through relevant views of the building model.
The window that corresponds to the information in the
schedule row is displayed in a relevant view of the building
model.
■ Name
■ Level
■ Area
18 On the Room and Area tab of the Design Bar, click Room.
TIP If the Room and Area tab of the Design Bar is not active,
right-click in the Design Bar, and click Room and Area.
Modify rooms
NOTE To select a room, hover over the room until the crosshair
graphic displays, and click to select the room. To modify
properties for a room, you must select the room rather than
the room tag. If you have difficulty selecting the room, zoom
in on the region.
45 On the Options Bar, click New twice to add two rows to the
schedule.
46 Add information to the rows so that the schedule displays
as shown in the following illustration.
Dataset
Change the fill colors that are applied to the conference rooms
6 On the Design Bar, click Modify, and select the color legend.
7 On the Options Bar, click Edit Color Scheme.
8 In the Edit Color Scheme dialog box, click the color button
for Conference.
9 In the Color dialog box, click PANTONE, and click OK.
10 In the PANTONE® Color Picker, scroll all the way to the
left, and click the color green.
11 Click OK three times.
The fill color in the rooms named Conference are displayed
as green.
15 If you want to save your changes, on the File menu, click Save
As, and save the exercise file with a unique name.
16 Close the exercise file.
Dataset
7 On the Room and Area tab of the Design Bar, click Room
Separation.
13 Select the tag in Room 1 and, using the Drag control, move
the tag above the room.
4 Add Name and then add Area to the Scheduled fields list.
5 Click the Sorting/Grouping tab.
6 For Sort by, select Number, and then select Grand totals.
7 Click the Formatting tab.
8 Under Fields, click Area, and under Field formatting, select
Calculate totals.
9 Click OK.
An empty room schedule displays.
19 On the Room and Area tab of the Design Bar, click Room
Separation.
20 Click in the lower-left corner of the Stair area where the left
wall intersects the stairs.
21 Drag the cursor to the right and click where the right wall
intersects the stairs.
Add columns
6 Click OK.
The Wall Schedule displays. Notice that the wall areas are not
totaled.
22 Click OK.
The Wall Material Takeoff Schedule displays.
29 Use the steps you learned to place the Wall Material Takeoff
schedule on the sheet to the left of the wall schedule, and
adjust the column widths.
The takeoff schedule shows the area for all of the wall
components (metal stud and plasterboard) in the interior
partition wall.
TIP If the View tab of the Design Bar is not active, right-click in
the Design Bar, and click View.
■ Area
■ Volume
■ Width
■ Length
37 Select the blue crosses that are displayed in the center of each
schedule segment to reposition the schedule segments as
shown.
38 If you want to save your changes, on the File menu, click Save
As, and save the exercise file with a unique name.
39 Close the exercise file.
3 In the Save As dialog box, enter a file name, and click Save.
21 Click OK.
22 Save the file as NewDoor in an appropriate location, so that
you can use it later in this exercise.
23 On the File menu, click Close to close the file.
NOTE If you do not specify a filter parameter for the tag, the tag
cannot attach to any component. A multi-category tag must have
at least one label with an external parameter set as a filter
parameter.
48 On the Drafting tab of the Design Bar, click Tag All Not Tagged
to quickly tag all the components with the filter parameter.
49 In the Tag All Not Tagged dialog box, select Multi-Category
Tags for Category, and click OK.
■ ID
■ Mark
■ Type
■ Family
■ Closure
■ Lock Set
53 Click OK.
4 Click OK.
5 In the Schedule Properties dialog box, click the Fields tab.
6 Under Available fields, select the following fields, and click
Add to add them to the schedule in order:
■ Count
■ Family and Type
■ Sill Height
■ Head Height
■ Width
■ Level
7 Click the Filter tab, and specify the following values for Filter
by:
Hide the Level field in the schedule so it is used only to filter the
doors that are not on level 3 and not included as a column in
the schedule
3 Click OK.
4 In the Schedule Properties dialog box, click the Fields tab.
5 Under Available fields, select the following fields, and click
Add to add them to the schedule in order:
■ Count
■ Family and Type
■ Cost
■ Area
Determine the total cost for each wall type by multiplying the
total area of the wall by the cost per square meter
19 Click OK.
20 Click the Formatting tab.
21 Under Fields, select Total Cost.
25 Click OK.
26 In the Schedule Properties dialog box, click the
Sorting/Grouping tab.
27 Select Grand totals to have the schedule display the sum of
any row for which you selected Calculate totals on the
Formatting tab, and click OK twice.
The schedule is displayed.
28 If you want to save your changes, on the File menu, click Save
As, and save the exercise file with a unique name.
29 Close the exercise file.
Dataset
4 Click OK.
5 Click OK.
Assign the new Occupant parameter to the project and create the
room schedule
6 On the Room and Area tab of the Design Bar, click Room.
TIP If the Room and Area tab of the Design Bar is not active,
right-click in the Design Bar, and click Room and Area.
■ Number
■ Area
■ Department
■ Occupant
347
Setting the Base Elevation of a Project
In this lesson, you learn how to relocate the base elevation of a project, as
the base elevation of most projects is rarely at sea level. You can change
the base elevation without changing the elevation value of every other
level in the project, or you can change the base elevation and add its value
to the levels above it. You accomplish this in Revit Building by defining
levels as either project or shared levels.
Project levels report elevation as it relates to other levels in the project. For
example, if a project is built on a plateau at 1500 meters and Level 2 is 4
meters above the base elevation, Level 1 reads 1500 m, while Level 2 reads
4 m, and not 1504 m. Shared levels report an elevation value relative to
an origin that you establish when you relocate the project. For example,
if a project is built on a plateau at 1500 m and Level 2 is 4 m above the
base elevation, you can relocate the project at a base elevation of 1500 m
and define the levels as shared so that Level 1 reads 1500 m, and Level 2
reads 1504 m, and not 4 m.
Dataset
11 Move the cursor above the elevation line, enter 10000 mm,
and press ENTER.
By entering 10000 mm in this step, you specify the new
location of the project.
Dimensioning
In this lesson, you learn how to create permanent dimensions to control
and document your designs. In Revit Building, there are two types of
dimensions: temporary and permanent. Temporary dimensions display
automatically when you create and insert components. Permanent
dimensions must be explicitly created, except when you sketch profiles to
create families. In this case, permanent dimensions are created
automatically, although you must turn on their visibility to view them.
Creating Dimensions
In this exercise, you learn how to create and modify different types of
permanent dimensions that you can add to your drawings. The different
types of dimensions that you can add include aligned, linear,
multi-segmented, radial, and angular dimensions.
Dataset
5 Move the cursor to the left, outside of the wall, and click to
place the dimension.
The dimension displays in the drawing. A lock symbol that
is unlocked displays next to it, indicating that the dimension
can be modified.
■ Move your cursor over the inside face of the wall until
it highlights.
■ Select the inside face of the wall, and place the
dimension as shown in the following illustration.
■ Select the inside face of the slanted wall, and then select
the inside face of the vertical wall above it.
■ Move your cursor to the left to size the dimension arc, as
shown in the following illustration, and click to place the
dimension.
5 Hover the cursor near the center of the bottom wall, and press
TAB repeatedly.
7 Move the cursor over the middle horizontal wall, press TAB
until the outside face of the wall highlights, and select it.
8 Move the cursor to the top horizontal wall and select the
exterior face.
9 Place the dimension as shown in the following illustration.
5 Click OK twice.
6 On the Design Bar, click Modify.
The dimensions update as shown in the following
illustration.
Align the three short horizontal walls below the two walls that
you aligned
NOTE Because you are not aligning walls, the Prefer wall faces
or centerline option on the Options Bar does not apply to the
doors.
Dataset
Continue to use the dataset you used in the previous exercise,
m_Alignment.rvt.
1 View the lower horizontal wall and notice that it includes five
windows.
You want to dimension the wall so that the width of each
window displays in the dimension string.
■ Click .
■ Verify Wall centerlines is selected for Prefer.
■ Select Entire Walls for Pick.
■ Click Options.
5 Click OK.
6 Select the lower horizontal wall.
The two vertical walls highlight, indicating the start and
end of the dimension string.
7 Move your cursor below the lower horizontal wall and click
to add the dimension.
Annotating
In this lesson, you learn how to use some of the annotation features
included in Revit Building. You learn how to:
Annotating | 375
■ tag doors and windows.
■ rotate tags with building components.
Dataset
5 On the Design Bar, click Modify, and select the room tag.
The room tag number displays in blue, indicating that it can
be edited.
6 Zoom in on the tag number, click it, enter 101, and press
ENTER.
11 On the Drafting tab of the Design Bar, click Tag All Not Tagged.
12 In the Tag All Not Tagged dialog box, verify that Door Tags is
selected for Category.
13 Under Leader, select Create, and then click OK.
The door is tagged with a tag and leader.
14 On the Drafting tab of the Design Bar, click Tag All Not Tagged.
15 In the Tag All Not Tagged dialog box, under Category, select
Window Tags.
16 Under Leader, clear Create, and click OK.
385
Viewing
7
In this tutorial, you learn to create and customize views of
plans.
387
Viewing a Building Model
In this lesson, you learn to create and customize user-defined views of a
building information model.
toolbar, click .
12 Press and hold CTRL, and notice that the cursor displays as
a magnifying glass .
This indicates that you are in zoom mode.
13 View the Dynamic View dialog box in the lower left corner
of the screen.
You can pan, zoom, and spin the building model by clicking
the appropriate button in this dialog box.
TIP If the View tab of the Design Bar is not active, right-click in
the Design Bar, and click View.
3 Add the camera to the view by specifying two points: one for
the camera position and the other for the camera target point:
■ Click Dolly and move the cursor into the perspective view.
■ Press and hold the left mouse button.
■ Move the cursor up, down, and sideways to see how the
view changes.
25 Select and move the lower right grip on the section box closer
to the model, as shown in the following illustration.
13 Click the control arrows to flip the section view, and select
and move the section depth grip under the lower wall.
14 On the Design Bar, click Modify.
15 Double-click the section head to display the section view.
Notice the change in the view direction.
11 If you want to save your changes, on the File menu, click Save
As, and save the exercise file with a unique name.
12 Close the exercise file without saving your changes.
In addition, you can set the color of the coarse scale fill pattern for wall
types. This means that in views with a coarse level of detail, such as the
one below, you can choose the wall fill color for a wall type, in this case,
a shade of gray.
Dataset
Change the color of the brick cut pattern for the exterior walls
1 In the Project Browser, expand Views (all), expand Sections
(Section Head - Filled), and double-click Wall/Floor Join - Level
3.
Notice the different fill patterns assigned to each layer within
the floor and wall structure. Each layer is designated by the
material settings of the layer.
Dataset
Continue to use the dataset you used in the previous exercise,
c_Showroom.rvt.
Setting the Coarse Scale Fill Pattern Color for a Wall Type | 411
Notice that the surface pattern and color of the brick wall that
display in a coarse detail level are not applied because the
detail level is set to Fine.
14 If you want to save your changes, on the File menu, click Save
As, and save the exercise file with a unique name.
15 Close the exercise file without saving your changes.
If you are not familiar with view ranges in Revit Building, refer to the online
Help for more information.
By creating a plan region in the view with a different cut plane height,
you can display the stepped portion of the walls in the Level 1 floor
plan.
Dataset
TIP If the View tab of the Design Bar is not active, right-click in
the Design Bar, and click View.
4 Move the cursor across the area where you sketched the
plan region.
As the cursor moves across it, the plan region is displayed
as a red dashed rectangle.
8 Because the top clip plane value cannot be set lower than the
cut plane, enter 4000 for the Top Offset.
9 Click Apply, and then click OK twice.
10 On the Design Bar, click Modify.
The Level 1 floor plan should display as shown in the following
illustration.
rendered views.
419
Rendering an Exterior View
In this lesson, you learn how to create an exterior perspective view of a
building model and render it with the AccuRender Raytrace feature.
You learn to create and apply materials to a building model, add realistic
three-dimensional trees to the building site, and create the perspective
view that you want to render. After you create the perspective view, you
select a scene that defines the model environment, and then raytrace the
view to produce the final rendered exterior view.
■ change the texture of the brick material applied to the exterior walls
of the building.
■ change the material of the front terrace of the building from the
default material to asphalt.
■ define a new polished aluminum material and apply it to the curtain
wall mullions on the front curtain wall.
When you complete these changes, you raytrace a region of the building
that includes the exterior wall, the floor, and the curtain wall to view
and verify the material and texture changes.
Dataset
TIP If the tab that you need does not display in the Design Bar,
right-click in the Design Bar, and click the tab in the context menu.
TIP If you do not select the curtain wall mullion on the first
selection, press TAB to cycle your selection through different
building model components. When Curtain Wall Mullions:
Rectangular Mullion displays in the Status Bar at the bottom of
the screen, select the curtain wall mullion again.
In a later exercise, when you render an exterior view of the model, the
leaves of the trees display as indicated by the season and location specified
in the render scene settings.
Dataset
2 Zoom out so you can easily view the area surrounding the
building model.
3 On the Site tab of the Design Bar, click Site Component.
click .
8 In the Element Properties dialog box, click Edit/New.
9 In the Type Properties dialog box, click Duplicate.
10 In the Name dialog box, enter Black Oak, and click OK.
11 In the Type Properties dialog box, under Other, click in the
Value field for Plant Name, and then click to display the
Plant Library.
12 In the Plant Library, under accurender, expand Trees and
Shrubs, and click Deciduous.
13 Under Name, select Oak, Black, and click OK.
14 In the Type Properties dialog box, under Identity Data, select
Black Oak for Type Comments.
15 Under Other, enter 7000mm for Plant Height, and click OK
twice.
The black oak is shorter than the red maple trees that you
added to the site.
Dataset
Continue to use the dataset you used in the previous exercise,
m_Cohouse.rvt.
6 Select and move the FOV boundary grip to adjust the field of
vision and back clipping plane as shown in the following
illustration.
TIP Use the left and right arrow keys to adjust the minutes
precisely.
14 Click OK.
15 In the Render Scene Settings dialog box, under Scene Settings,
click Environment.
16 In the Environment dialog box, under Background Color,
verify that Automatic Sky is selected.
17 Under Advanced, select Ground Plane.
The Ground Plane tab displays.
18 Click Material.
19 In the Material Library, under _accurender, click Site.
20 In the Name list, select Grass, Rye, Dark.
21 Click OK twice.
22 In the Render Scene Settings dialog box, under Scene Settings,
select Autumn for Plant Season.
23 Under Raytrace Settings, select Good for Quality, and click
OK.
Open second floor plan to display the interior scene that you will
render
1 In the Project Browser under Views (all), expand Floor Plans,
and double-click 2nd Flr. Cnst.
Add a camera
1 On the View tab of the Design Bar, click Camera.
2 Add the camera to the view by specifying points for the
camera position and target point:
■ Specify the first point on the floor plan facing the table
and RPC people to place the camera.
14 On the Design Bar, click Modify, and select the section box.
Grips are displayed on the section box.
TIP Use the left and right arrow keys to precisely adjust the
minutes.
19 Click Material.
20 In the Material Library, under accurender, click Site.
21 In the Name list, select Grass, Rye, Dark.
22 Click OK twice.
23 In the Render Scene Settings dialog box, under Use View’s
Section Box, select {3D}.
24 Under Scene Settings, select Summer for Plant Season, and
click OK.
25 Proceed to the next exercise, “Defining Daylights and
Rendering the View” on page 449.
and click .
Recording a Walkthrough
■ Wireframe
■ Hidden Line (wireframe view with hidden lines)
■ Shaded or Shaded with Edges
■ AccuRender (Raytrace)
IMPORTANT If you record your walkthrough AVI with the AccuRender display
option, you must select or define a scene.
Creating a Walkthrough
In this exercise, you learn how to create and edit a walkthrough of the first
floor of a townhouse.
NOTE Some Imperial values are used by default in this exercise. If you prefer
to use Metric values, click Settings ➤ Project Units, and change unit formats
as desired.
TIP If the tab that you need does not display in the Design
Bar, right-click in the Design Bar, and click the tab in the
context menu.
14 Click .
15 In the Walkthrough Frames dialog box, enter 60 to reduce the
total number of frames in the walkthrough from 300 to 60,
and click OK.
16 On the Options Bar, enter 1 for Frame, and press ENTER to set
the walkthrough to play from the beginning (the key frame).
17 Click .
5 Select the target point of the camera (the magenta grip), and
adjust it to view the kitchen as shown in the following
illustration.
you define. You specify settings for summer and winter solstice
solar studies and export one solar study as a video and the
463
Creating Views for Solar Studies
In this lesson, you learn to create three 3D views of a building information
model for use with solar studies.
Create section
1 In the Project Browser, under Floor Plans, double-click 01
Entry.
2 Enter ZR to zoom in on the house, as shown.
Dataset
Continue to use the c_Solar_Study.rvt dataset you saved in the previous
exercise.
Create callout
1 In the Project Browser, under Floor Plans, double-click 01
Entry.
2 On the View tab of the Design Bar, click Callout.
3 Click in the upper left corner and lower right corner to
sketch a selection around the site, including the house, as
shown.
NOTE If you clear Sunrise to sunset, you can specify the start
and stop times for the solar study.
14 In this case, you want to see how the shadows fall on the
terrain and not for a specific level. Clear Ground Plane at Level.
NOTE You can stop viewing the animation at any time by clicking
Cancel in the Status Bar.
4 Sketch rooms:
Export as AVI
■ Click the Desktop icon on the left to save the file to the
computer Desktop.
NOTE The first and last few frames (sunrise and sunset) show
large triangular shadows from the terrain. Limiting the range from
5 to 50 omits these frames.
3 Select the blue left arrow control and drag it to the left to
expose the roof overhang and posts, as shown.
NOTE You must go to a plan view to set True North and you
must change the view graphics to True North before you can
change the angle value.
NOTE Retain the 45° value for the Angle from project to True
North to maintain accuracy in shadow display for this project.
■ to house from SW
■ to west facade of house
■ living area
This view most accurately shows the interior of the living
room.
Section Boxes. There are two directions you can choose when
495
series of exercises, you explore the stylistic approach. For the
views.
Dataset
Modify visibility/graphics
8 Click OK.
9 On the View Control Bar at the bottom of the frame, click the
Scale control and select 1:100.
Notice the immediate change in the line weights; this
represents the view getting smaller.
Dataset
10 Click OK twice.
11 In the Advanced Model Graphics dialog box, click OK.
5 Move the cursor to the center of the sheet as shown, and click
to place it.
TIP Use care when sketching this chain. You may want to zoom
in while sketching some details, and you should take advantage
of endpoint snapping when available. If necessary, use the Trim
tool to clean up gaps or overlapping intersections.
Dataset
8 Click OK.
Dataset
Continue to use the dataset you saved in the previous exercise,
m_Cohouse_Presentation_Views.rvt.
TIP Use the snap feature to snap the viewport to the center
reference plane.
TIP You can also change the scale of the section view after you
create it.
TIP You can also open the callout in the Project Browser by
double-clicking Callout of Section 2 under Sections (Callout 1).
■ Casework
■ Ceilings
■ Furniture
■ Lighting Fixtures
■ Specialty Equipment
19 Click OK.
TIP You may need to move the dialog box off to the side
in order to see the view.
TIP The current view of your model may vary from the illustrations
in the tutorial based on the placement of the section line in the
previous exercise.
NOTE The line style, Silhouette Edges, was added to this dataset
for training purposes. You can modify this line style by selecting
Line Styles from the Settings menu.
Dataset
After you enter the rotation value and press Enter, the callout
rotates 180 degrees. Notice the extents need to be adjusted to
fit around the edges of the building model.
12 Drag the callout extents until they extend just past the
perimeter of the edges of the building model as shown.
Dataset
Continue to use the dataset you saved in the previous exercise,
m_Cohouse_Presentation_Views.rvt.
Dataset
Continue to use the dataset you saved in the previous exercise,
m_Cohouse_Presentation_Views.rvt.
Create callout
1 In the Project Browser, under Sections (Type 1), double-click
Section 1.
2 On the View tab of the Design Bar, click Callout.
3 Draw a callout around the front balcony as shown.
After you add the callout, click Modify, select the callout,
and modify the extents and the callout head location as
shown.
7 Select the crop boundary and adjust the bottom so that there
is a small gap as shown.
This gap is used later in the exercise to place a fill region.
■ Select Directly.
■ Specify an Azimuth of 135 degrees.
■ Specify an Altitude of 45 degrees.
■ Select Relative to View.
■ Select Ground Plane at Level.
■ Select 1st Flr. Cnst. for At Level.
9 Click OK.
10 In the Advanced Model Graphics dialog box, under
Silhouette Edges, select Override Silhouettes.
11 Under Silhouette Edges, select Silhouette Edges for Silhouette
style, and click OK.
TIP Notice there is also a rotation symbol. You can use this to
rotate the section box.
21 Select the controls for the top plane of the section box, and
drag the plane downward until it cuts halfway through the
second floor as shown.
When you are finished, click Modify on the Design Bar.
Dataset
Continue to use the dataset you saved in the previous exercise,
m_Cohouse_Presentation_Views.rvt.
7 In the Sun and Shadows Settings dialog box, select Sun and
Shadow Settings Isometric for Name, and click OK.
8 In the Advanced Model Graphics dialog box, under
Silhouette Edges, select Override Silhouettes.
9 Under Silhouette Edges, select Silhouette Edges for Silhouette
style, and click OK.
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Importing SketchUp
Files
11
The ability to import SketchUp® files directly into Revit
building from the front mass form. You use the mass faces of
559
the mass form to create Revit elements, such as walls, curtain
TIP If the Massing tab does not display in the Design Bar,
right-click in the Design Bar, and click Massing on the context
menu that displays.
■ Click Open.
TIP If you have difficulty selecting a wall that shares an edge with
another wall, select the other wall, press TAB until the desired wall
highlights, and select it.
37 On the Design Bar, click Wall by Face, and select the mass
face shown below.
45 On the Design Bar, click Modify, and select the left curtain
system in the view.
50 Select each roof to display its grips, and move the roof edges
as shown below.
577
About Families and the
Family Editor
12
All elements in Revit Building 9.1 are “family based.” The term
different, they are still related and come from a single source,
579
Using Families and the Family Editor
One of the many advantages of using Revit Building is the ability to create
your own families of components without having to learn a complex
programming language. Using the Family Editor, you create a family within
predefined templates that contain the intelligent objects needed to create
the particular family type. You provide the information necessary to
uniquely describe the family geometry.
In this lesson, you learn about the three types of families and how they
are used within a project and how they are created. You also learn about
the Family Editor, and when and how to use it.
Introduction to Families
Most families are created in the Family Editor and saved as separate files
with an .rfa extension. All different types that you create are stored with
the master family file. For example, if you create a family called
"double-hung window" that includes types with several sizes, the types
would all be saved as one file which can then be loaded into any project.
This makes file management much easier, because there is only one file to
track. There are, however, exceptions to this rule. Some family types are
pre-defined within Revit Building and cannot be created or modified outside
of the project environment. Walls, floors, and roofs are examples of these
types of families. In addition, there is another type of family that allows
you to create any shape or form required for a particular project and have
Revit Building recognize it as a particular component type, such as a dome
roof.
Revit Building has three types of families:
■ System
■ Standard Component
■ In-place
System Families
NOTE You can use “Transfer Project Standards” to copy system families from
one project to another.
The following illustration shows different types within the basic walls
family.
In this section, you learned about the different types of Revit Building
families and when to use them. In the final exercise, you learn about the
Family Editor, how to access it, and when to use it.
During the design process, you will inevitably come to a point where
you need a specific component for your design. In this case, presume it
is a bay window that you require. There is a logical thought process that
you should follow:
You can access the Family Editor in several ways. With Revit Building
open, you can click File ➤ Open, navigate to a family file, and click
Open. When the family opens, it opens within the Family Editor. This
will be apparent because the only Design Bar tab available is Family.
Within the Windows® environment, you can double-click any file with
an .rfa extension and it will open Revit Building in the Family Editor.
You can have a project open and the Family Editor open simultaneously.
To start a new family, click File ➤ New ➤ Family, select the appropriate
template, and click Open.
within the project file, not within the Family Editor. This
project.
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Creating a Door Family
In this lesson, you create a custom door family based on the definition of
a flush exterior door. After you create the door leaf as an extrusion, you
create new door types based on size and assign parameters respectively.
You also learn how to constrain the door design by adding labelled
dimensions to specify values for the door width, height, and thickness.
TIP If the Arc from Center and End Points command is not visible
on the Options Bar, click the down arrow button, and select the
command from the menu.
When drawing an arc from center and end points, you first
specify the arc center, then you specify each end point.
24 Enter SI, and select the intersection at the upper left corner
of the door opening for the arc center point.
25 Select the upper right corner of the door opening for the arc
start point.
26 Select the upper left corner of the door leaf for the arc
endpoint.
In the image below, the arc is selected so you can see the arc
center and each end point.
27 Click OK.
28 Proceed to the next exercise, “Defining New Door Types” on
page 600
11 Click OK.
You now have three new door types defined within your
door family.
You now have three new flush exterior doors based on the new door family
prototype. This completes the lesson, Creating a Door Family.
Change the height and width values again, and click Apply.
Notice how the window opening adapts to the changing
dimension values. This process is called “flexing the model,”
and it is done to avoid conflicts and to ensure that all model
geometry adjusts to changes as designed.
12 Click OK.
13 Proceed to the next exercise, “Creating the Window Frame
Solid Geometry” on page 607.
NOTE When you sketch the frame profile, the exact dimensions
are not critical. However, the frame profile should extend
beyond the edges of the wall. Precise dimensions are assigned
to the frame profile in subsequent steps.
28 Select the short line parallel and to the right of the Sash
reference plane. Drag it to the left and align it with the Sash
reference plane. When the lock displays, click it to lock the
line to the reference plane.
TIP After adding the dimension, click Modify, select the line
you want to move, and specify the dimension value.
TIP If you don’t see the lock icon, zoom out until it displays.
6 Place the cursor over the left side of the frame, press TAB to
cycle through the selection options, and select the option,
Chain of walls or lines.
■ Click .
■ Enter - 50 mm for Offset.
You specify a negative offset value to indicate an extrusion
direction inside of the window frame.
■ Click .
8 Specify the upper left inside corner of the window frame for
the first corner of the rectangle, and then specify the lower
right inside corner for the second corner of the rectangle.
Dataset
Continue using the family file from the previous exercise.
NOTE When you draw each reference plane, the exact location
is not critical. Precise dimensions are assigned to the reference
planes in subsequent steps.
TIP Due to the length of the dimension label, you may want to
drag the dimension value as shown.
NOTE Do not lock the lines to the sash edge as you did
previously.
NOTE Do not lock the lines to the sash edge as you did
previously.
Dataset
Continue using the family file from the previous exercise.
Assign the Pine Frame material to the frame, sash, and mullions
TIP Hold the CTRL key down as you select the sweep and
various extrusions.
6 In the Family Types dialog box, under Family Types, click New.
7 In the Name dialog box, enter 2500 w x 1250mm h for
Name, and click OK.
8 In the Family Types dialog box, specify the following parameter
values:
You now have three new window types defined within your
window family.
You have three new fixed nine-light windows based on a new window
family prototype. This completes the Creating a Window Family lesson.
Finally, you assign new dimension values to the furniture to create new
types within the furniture family, and specify values for the furniture length
and depth.
NOTE When you draw the reference planes, their exact location
is not critical. Precise dimensions are assigned to the reference
planes in subsequent steps.
8 Draw two vertical reference planes, one to the left and one
to the right of the existing vertical centerline reference plane
as shown.
TIP To do this, select each reference plane and drag the extents
to the new position. Afterwards, select each dimension and
drag the witness line controls as needed.
14 Drag the top edge of the desktop upward until the temporary
dimension value is 750 mm.
15 Move the cursor over the bottom edge of the desktop, press
TAB until Extrusion : Shape handle displays in the Status Bar,
and select the bottom edge.
16 Drag the bottom edge of the desktop up until the desktop is
100 mm thick.
Dataset
Continue using the family file from the previous exercise.
Offset two reference planes to locate the first drawer base corner
1 In the Project Browser, under Floor Plans, double-click Ref.
Level.
2 On the Design Bar, click Ref Plane.
15 Click both of the lock icons to lock the edges of the extrusion
to the reference planes.
TIP You can select multiple elements by holding the CTRL key
down. You can also highlight the entire line chain, using the
TAB key.
Dataset
Continue using the family file from the previous exercise.
TIP You may need to click the down arrow button, and then
select the fillet arc tool from the menu.
15 Select the left vertical sketch line, the upper sketch line, and
then move the cursor down and to the right until you create
and arc similar to the image below. Do not be concerned with
the precise dimension of the arc radius.
Align the left and right edges of the rolltop with the drawer bases
22 Adjust the location of the desk model within the drawing area
so when you open the Family Types dialog box, you can still
see the model.
23 On the Design Bar, click Family Types.
24 In the Family Types dialog box, do the following:
The desk should adapt to all the changes. If not, you may need
to align and lock problematic edges that did not remain
aligned. You can also use dimension constraints.
Dataset
Continue using the family file from the previous exercise.
21 Draw a pick box around the entire desk to select all the
extrusions.
The desk should adapt to all the changes. If not, you may
need to align and lock problematic edges that did not
remain aligned. You can also use dimension constraints.
Dataset
Continue using the family file from the previous exercise.
You now have three new rolltop desks based on the new rolltop desk
furniture family prototype. This completes the Creating a Furniture Family
lesson.
NOTE When you draw the closed profile lines and arcs, their exact
location is not critical. However, the baluster profile should be
centered on the vertical and horizontal reference planes. Draw
your profile approximately 30mm wide by 60mm deep.
12 On the Design Bar, click Modify and select the existing railing.
NOTE When you draw the closed profile lines and arcs, their
exact location is not critical. However, the sweep profile should
begin at the reference plane intersection.
NOTE When you draw the closed profile lines and arcs, their
exact location is not critical. However, the top of the rail profile
should coincide with the rail top reference plane.
4 Save the new profile family with the name Profile - Rail.rfa.
The new rail profile is now complete.
NOTE When you draw the closed profile lines and arcs, their exact
location is not critical. However, you must draw the stair nosing
in the lower-left quadrant. In addition, the top of the stair nosing
profile should coincide with the tread surface reference plane and
the right edge of the stair nosing profile should coincide with the
riser face reference plane.
NOTE When you draw the closed profile lines, their exact location
is not critical. However, the left edge of the reveal profile must
coincide with wall face reference plane and the reveal must be
drawn within the wall body (to the right of the wall face reference
plane).
4 Save the new profile family with the name Profile - Reveal.rfa.
The new reveal profile is now complete.
4 Save the new profile family with the name Profile - Host
Sweep.rfa.
The new host sweep profile is now complete.
NOTE When you sketch the 2D path, the exact location of the
path is not critical.
20 Select the sweep profile and, on the Options Bar, click Edit.
21 Select the sweep profile again and, on the Options Bar, click
.
22 In the Element Properties dialog box, do the following:
23 Click OK.
24 On the Design Bar, click Finish Family.
NOTE When you draw the walls, their exact location is not
critical.
9 Select a point on the right wall for the next wall sweep.
Replace the default wall sweep with the new host wall sweep
The reference planes that display are part of the default room
tag template.
20 Specify a point below the Floor Finish label for the next
label location.
21 In the Select Parameter dialog box, select Ceiling Finish,
and click OK.
24 Save the new room tag with the name Finish Area Tag.rfa.
The new room tag is now ready for use.
8 Draw a vertical line from the top to the center point of the
circle.
19 Save the new north arrow with the name, Training North
Arrow.rfa.
12 On the Design Bar, click Modify, press CTRL, and select the
second and third horizontal lines.
13 In the Type Selector, select Wide Lines.
14 Zoom in on the lower right corner of the sheet.
15 On the Design Bar, click Lines.
16 In the Type Selector, select Title Blocks.
17 On the Design Bar, click Modify, and select the last text
note.
18 Select the drag handle, and drag the text note down as
shown.
■ Consultant:
■ Address:
■ Address:
■ Telephone:
22 On the Design Bar, click Modify, and select the consultant text
note.
26 Move the cursor down 120mm and click to specify the first
copied text note position.
62 Select the left drag handle on the label, and drag to the left
until the label displays on one line.
63 Place the cursor near the center of the field above the Project
Number field, and click to specify the label location.
64 In the Select Parameter dialog box, select Project Name, and
click OK.
65 Select the left drag handle on the label, and drag to the left
until the label displays on one line.
66 Place the cursor near the center of the field above the Project
Name field, and click to specify the label location.
67 In the Select Parameter dialog box, select Client Name, and
click OK.
14 Click OK.
NOTE This project was created using an imperial template and components.
To change the units of measurement to meters, on the Settings menu, click
Project Units. Set the Length units to millimeters, set the Area to Square meters,
format the Area to use 2 decimal places, and set the suffix to None.
Draw the axis of rotation for the dome roof revolved form
The reference planes that display are guides for drawing the
oculus rim profile.
25 Select the intersection of the circle and the lower left vertical
line of the profile as shown.
29 Specify the top of the stairs in the wall section as the arc
endpoint.
16 Drag the cursor up 800 mm, and specify the next point for
the floor profile as shown.
18 Specify the intersection of the T.O. Footing level line and the
interior wall edge for the next point of the floor profile.
19 Specify the intersection of the of the T.O. Footing level line
and the axis for the last point of the floor profile.
the Family Editor. During this tutorial, you learn the process
and best practices that you can apply broadly when creating
an open web wood floor truss. In this case, the length of the
Editor.
753
The goal of this tutorial is to teach you the proper approach
For instance:
You have completed the planning stage for the new family.
Depending on the family you are designing, the planning
stage and questions may differ.
3 In the left pane of the New dialog box, click Training Files,
and open Metric\Templates.
4 Scroll through the various template options.
Notice that most of the template names include the
component type. In addition, the template name often
includes information how the component would be used with
a project, for example: wall based or floor based.
In this view, you can see the rectangular beam extrusion and
a symbolic line.
3 Repeat this step for the other two vertical planes on the left
side.
The reference planes in this template are designed to
accommodate the point-to-point insertion of a beam
component. The reference planes and their respective
explanations are listed below.
You will use these two reference planes to control the beam
width and keep it centered on the reference plane: Center
(Front/Back).
TIP You can also use the mirror tool to accomplish this task. To
These two reference planes mark the top and bottom extents
of the beam. This beam requires additional reference planes
to complete the truss skeleton.
15 Place the cursor over the top horizontal reference plane. When
a copy of the reference plane displays below it, click to place
it.
TIP You can control the direction of the offset by moving the
cursor slightly to either side of the line you intend to pick.
NOTE You use this family for the remainder of this tutorial. Make
sure you remember where you saved it.
Dataset
Continue to use the dataset, Wood Floor Truss.rfa, that you saved at the
end of the previous exercise.
TIP You may need to adjust your zoom settings during this
procedure.
Dataset
Continue to use the dataset, Wood Floor Truss.rfa, that you saved at the
end of the previous exercise.
■ Click OK.
12 On the right side of the model, select the dimension that refers
to the thickness of the lower horizontal truss chord as shown.
19 Click Cancel.
20 On the File menu, click Save.
21 Proceed to the next exercise, “Flexing the Component Model”
on page 780.
In this exercise, you flex the model to test the various length parameters
that you added in the previous exercise. Even though you have yet to
add any model geometry to the family, it is important to verify that the
reference lines adjust to changes as constraints are maintained. After
you verify this, you can add the model geometry to the skeleton and be
relatively certain that it will also flex as expected.
Dataset
Continue to use the dataset, Wood Floor Truss.rfa, that you saved at the
end of the previous exercise.
2 On the Design Bar, click Family Types, and drag the dialog
box so that you can view the model.
4 Drag the right arrow control to the right until it snaps to the
reference plane: Member Right, as shown.
Click the lock symbol to lock the extrusion edge to the
reference plane.
5 Drag the left arrow control to the right until it snaps to the
reference plane: Member Left, as shown.
Click the lock symbol to lock the extrusion edge to the
reference plane.
6 Prepare the view for flexing in the same way you did during
the flexing exercise. You’ll want to set up your screen so you
can see the model truss while the Family Types dialog box is
open.
On the Design Bar, click Family Types.
8 In the Family Types dialog box, enter 3000 for Length, click
Apply, and click OK.
14 Click OK.
In a later exercise, you add the web members. Therefore,
you need a truss long enough to add web arrays and do not
need to return the truss back to its original length value.
■ Click Apply.
Dataset
The truss should adapt to all the changes. If it does not, redo
any problematic alignments and constraints.
26 Zoom to Fit.
70 Repeat the previous five steps for the right end of the truss.
Make adjustments to account for the right side.
TIP When you finish the alignments, if you select the end
extrusion, a lock displays on each side indicating the constraints
to the reference planes.
The truss should adapt to all the changes. If it does not, fix
any problematic alignments and constraints.
NOTE Close any open families or projects. The truss family that you use in this
lesson is identical to the truss you have created in the previous exercises.
Although you could continue using the previous family, it is recommended
that you use the new family in order to ensure consistency.
Datasets
NOTE Make sure you drag the grid line, not the wall or rim joist.
You do not need to be precise; you are merely testing the new
floor truss to verify that it adapts to the changes.
IMPORTANT Make sure you snap the center line of the web
components to the center reference line of the truss.
NOTE You do not have to align the top or bottom the web
components because the height of the web members will adapt
to the truss height after you create and link the parameters in the
next exercise. In addition, it is important to note that you should
avoid adding unnecessary constraints.
23 Repeat the previous two steps to align and lock the right
web component and the reference plane as shown.
In the next exercise, you label these dimensions. You also add
a formula to the parameter in order to maintain the web
position as the truss changes depth, length, or the width of
the center chase.
TIP You can expand the width of the Family Types dialog box
to facilitate typing within the formula field.
This formula ensures that the web depth will account for
any changes in the chord thickness or truss depth.
41 Adjust the view so you can flex the truss while in the Family
Types dialog box.
42 On the Design Bar, click Family Types.
43 In the Family Types dialog box, specify the following:
21 Within the left array, align and lock the two right web
components.
22 Within the right array, align and lock the two boundaries
between the three web components. Use the same techniques
as you did in the previous three steps.
NOTE With most beam families, you would not want to align
and lock these two reference planes; however, in this case, the
wood floor truss normally sits on a sill bordering a rim joist.
Therefore, this solution has little, if any, significant impact.
The truss should adapt to all the changes. If it does not, fix
any problematic alignments and constraints.
Dataset
Continue to use the datasets that you saved in the previous exercise.
In addition to the truss family, the project, m_WWF1.rvt, should be open.
In this dataset, the truss was added to a beam system that occupies
approximately half the building footprint. In addition, four instances
of the floor truss were added to the other end of the structure.
34 Click in the Material field for the Wood Floor Truss - Webs
subcategory, and click the button to open the Materials
dialog box.
35 In the Materials dialog box, click Duplicate.
36 In the New Material dialog box, enter Wood Floor Truss
- Webs, and click OK.
52 Click OK.
53 On the View menu, click Visibility/Graphics.
54 In the Visibility Graphics dialog box, under Visibility,
expand Structural Framing, clear Wood Floor Truss - Webs,
and click OK.
Notice the web extrusions not longer display; however, the
stick symbols continue to display.
8 Click OK.
Datasets
26 On the View Control Bar, click Detail Level, and click Medium.
Notice the floor truss solid geometry is displayed.
11 Click OK.
TIP You can also use new types to flex the model.
6 Click Apply.
7 In the Family Types dialog box, enter 8000 for length, and
click Apply.
Notice the truss depth increases.
8 In the Family Types dialog box, enter 6000 for length, click
Apply, and click OK.
NOTE You would have to change the depth of the sill and rim
joist to accommodate this change.
853
Curtain Systems
15
Curtain systems are not walls, and they are not windows. Like
walls, they can define space and separate the exterior from the
interior. They are typically not load-bearing and are not cut
You can add curtain systems with the wall command, or you
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856 | Chapter 15 Curtain Systems
Flat Curtain System
In this lesson, you further develop the building information model by
creating a flat curtain system at the entrance of the model.
Creating an Entrance
In this exercise, you create a curtain system using the wall command.
This type of curtain system is also referred to as a curtain wall.
Dataset
Right now, the curtain system is a single glazed panel. You are
going to subdivide the panel into several smaller panels, using
curtain grids.
36 Select the lowest segment of the left grid line, and then select
the segment above it.
The segment line style changes to dashed.
TIP You may need to adjust your zoom settings to view the
dimensions.
47 Click the horizontal grid line between the smaller panels. The
line style changes from dashed to solid to indicate a grid
segment has been added. Do not click between the 1800 mm
panels.
TIP The middle grid lines are centered between the long
vertical grid above them. To get the horizontal grid to display
between the vertical grids, click once to the right of the long
grid and then click once to the left of it.
48 When the grids are placed (line style have changed to solid),
click in any white space to exit the editor.
54 Use the same method to replace the other panel with a double
door.
55 On the Design Bar, click Modify.
Changing panels
Removing mullions
10 On the View Control Bar, click Hidden Line for Graphics Style.
11 Select the vertical mullion above and between the set of double
doors.
TIP After selecting the vertical mullion, you can also right-click
and select Break at Join from the Join Conditions menu to break
the mullion at both joins.
5 Click .
6 Under Constraints, specify Up to level: FIFTH FLOOR for Top
Constraint.
7 Enter 1200 for Top Offset, and click OK.
Bar, click .
12 Sketch 2 lines that crisscross the extrusion.
29 Click , and spin the model so that you can see the curved
curtain system.
30 On the Modelling tab, click Mullion.
31 Click .
32 In the Element Properties dialog box, select Circular Mullion
for Family.
33 Click Edit/New.
34 In the Type Properties dialog box, click Duplicate.
35 Enter Cylinder Mullion for Name, and click OK.
36 Under Construction, specify Cylinder Mullion : Cylinder
Mullion for Profile.
37 Click OK twice.
38 On the Options Bar, select All Empty Segments.
39 Click on any grid line in the entry cylinder.
40 On the Design Bar, click Modify to exit placing mullions.
This completes the exercise for adding mullions, as well as the lesson
on creating a curved curtain system. In this lesson, you learned to create
Sloped Glazings
Sloped glazings are useful when you are creating skylights and other glazed
roofing systems.
Dataset
Storefront System
In this exercise, you embed curtain walls into other walls to create a
storefront system.
Dataset
NOTE The next few steps are intended as a guide to finish the
system, but now that you have created a ruled curtain system,
you can vary the steps to style the system the way you want.
This completes the exercise for creating a ruled curtain system, and the
lesson on creating additional curtain systems. In this lesson you learned
to create a sloped glazing system, embed a curtain system inside another
wall, and define a ruled curtain system.
897
Creating Roofs
In this lesson, you learn to create several different types of roofs, including
hip, gable, shed, and mansard roofs. You create roofs from footprints and
by extrusion: the two roof creation methods in Revit Building.
You create the roof by sketching the top roof profile and extruding it over
the length of the breezeway. Before you can sketch the roof profile, you
need to select a work plane to use as a sketching guide. You do not need
to create the work plane; a work plane named Breezeway exists for the
purpose of this exercise.
Dataset
Before you can sketch the profile of the roof, you need to
define four reference planes to help determine key points
on the profile sketch.
Next, use the Join Roofs command to adjust the length of the
roof and join the roof edges to the exterior walls.
Use the Join Roof command again to join the opposite end
of the breezeway roof to the exterior wall of the house that
joins the breezeway.
You begin by sketching the perimeter of the roof in plan view to create
the roof footprint. You use roof slope lines to define the roof gable ends.
You begin by sketching the perimeter of the roof in plan view to create
the roof footprint. After you define the roof slope lines and complete
the footprint, you sketch a closed rectangular opening around the
chimney. When you complete the roof, the opening that you sketched
becomes a void in the roof.
Dataset
Continue to use the dataset you used in the previous exercise,
m_Roofs.rvt.
Dataset
Continue to use the dataset you used in the previous exercise, m_Roofs.rvt.
Next, trim the extra line segments that result from the
intersection of the sketch lines. You must trim these lines
to create a valid sketch.
14 Under Constraints, enter 600 for Base Offset From Level, and
click OK.
15 On the Sketch tab of the Design Bar, click Finish Roof.
22 Using the same method that you used previously, join the
two remaining walls to the roof. Press and hold CTRL to
select and join the two remaining walls at the same time.
Next, trim the extra line segments that result from the
intersection of the sketch lines. You must trim these lines
to create a valid sketch.
12 On the Sketch tab of the Design Bar, click Modify, and select
the lower horizontal line at the front of the roof.
13 On the Options Bar, select Defines slope.
Notice the rise value is displayed next to the slope marker.
14 Enter 500 mm for the rise value to change the roof slope, and
press ENTER.
11 On the Design Bar, click Modify, and select the middle segment
of the slope defining line.
12 On the Options Bar, clear Defines Slope.
Next, add two new slope arrows.
NOTE If the front wall is separated from the roof, use the Attach
Top/Base command to join the wall to the roof.
click .
7 In the Element Properties dialog box, under Dimensions, enter
800 mm for Rise/1000, and click OK.
8 On the Sketch tab of the Design Bar, click Align Eaves.
The eave lines display with a dimension. This dimension is
the height of the eave measured from the sketch plane.
9 Select the left vertical eave to use to align the eaves. When
aligning eaves, you must select one eave to use to align both
eaves.
Next, select a method to align the eaves.
In the next steps, you constrain the current roof so it does not
rise above Level 3.
18 If you want to save your changes, on the File menu, click Save
As, and save the exercise file with a unique name.
19 Close the exercise file without saving your changes.
Dataset
12 Select all of the roof top edges to place the fascia around the
building.
Creating Gutters
In this exercise, you use the Host Sweep command to place a gutter at the
bottom edge of the roof on a condominium building model.
Creating Soffits
In this exercise, you learn how to place a roof soffit. You add the soffit
underneath the roof of the condominium building model that you used
in the previous exercise.
Dataset
Continue to use the dataset you used in the previous exercise,
c_Condominium.rvt.
9 If you want to save your changes, on the File menu, click Save
As, and save the exercise file with a unique name.
10 Close the exercise file without saving your changes.
then create area plans for each scheme as needed. Each area
scheme can have multiple area plans. Finally, you create area
schedules and color fill plans based on the area schemes and
plans.
931
Using Area Analysis Tools
In this lesson, you use the two predefined area schemes to create respective
area plans to define gross area and a rentable area. You add and modify
the area boundaries and add areas. In the final exercise, you create a color
fill plan and area schedule based on the area schemes and plans.
NOTE Images in this exercise reflect Imperial values. If you are using metric
units, your values will be different.
TIP If the Room and Area tab is not visible, right-click in the
Design Bar, and click Room and Area.
7 In the Room and Area Settings dialog, click the Area Schemes
tab.
There are two schemes currently defined: Gross Building
and Rentable. These schemes define spatial relationships.
8 In the Room and Area Setting dialog box, click the Room
Calculations tab.
You can specify the height where the room area is
calculated.
9 Click Cancel.
10 On the Room and Area tab of the Design Bar, click Area Plan.
11 In the New Area Plan dialog box, do the following:
■ Click OK.
14 On the Room and Area tab of the Design Bar, click Area.
Next, you create a new area plan for rentable space. You
add and use area boundary lines to define the office areas,
common areas, and store area.
16 On the Room and Area tab of the Design Bar, click Area
Plan.
17 In the New Area Plan dialog box, do the following:
NOTE The area lines follow some of the windows hosted by the
exterior wall. Although the rule for these lines is to follow the
inside face of the wall, if the window glass is greater than 50% of
the wall height, the area boundary lines are placed on the face of
the glass.
19 Zoom out until you can see the entire building model.
NOTE If you have difficulty selecting the area, place the cursor
over the Area Tag and press Tab until Area displays in the status
bar, and click to select the area.
36 Add the last two areas to the two spaces on the right side
of the building model. Name the areas Tenant 3 and Tenant
4, and select Store Area for Area Type. Tenant 3 should be
in the upper right, and Tenant 4 in the lower right.
In this exercise, you used the two predefined area schemes to create
respective area plans to define gross area and a rentable area. You added
and modified the area boundaries and applied area tags to define spaces.
In the next exercise, you create a color fill area plan and an area schedule.
9 Click OK.
The fields you selected in the Schedule Properties dialog box
are displayed as column headings within the schedule.
shell. At any time, you can pick massing faces and make
and roofs. After you make building elements, you can specify
various massing tools to add and cut mass. After you create
modify the building model in both the massing view and the
project.
943
944 | Chapter 18 Massing
Using Massing Tools
In this lesson, you create the basic geometric shape of the building model
using various massing tools. You assign the default wall, floor, and roof
types so that when you convert the massing elements to shell elements
in the final exercise, the building model uses those element types to
define the walls, roofs, and floors.
Dataset
TIP If you do not see this option, click the arrow next to the
drawing options, and click Arc passing through three points from
the menu.
37 Sketch the arc as shown with the top of the arc snapping to
the top of the construction line.
.
46 Sketch the horizontal line as shown.
In this exercise, you created two extrusions and a blend that form the basic
geometric shape of the building model.
In the next exercise, you use the massing tools to cut geometry from the
shapes you have created.
NOTE This exercise requires the completion of the previous exercise and
the resulting building model.
Dataset
Using Massing Tools to Cut Geometry from the Building Model | 953
7 Using the same technique, place three more reference planes
15000 mm apart from left to right, as shown.
In this exercise, you cut voids through an extrusion you added in the
first exercise.
In this exercise, you opened a mass family file and created three new
types of this family file.
Dataset
TIP You may want to use the Move tool to accurately place the
mass families.
Notice that the triangle and the box masses that you just placed
all overlap. In the next exercise, you join these mass elements.
In this exercise, you loaded and placed the new family types that you
created in the previous exercise. You also loaded other existing mass families
and added them to the building model.
Join geometry
NOTE When you join geometry, the first mass element selected
cuts volume from any subsequently selected mass element.
TIP Pressing SHIFT while dragging the cursor locks the axis
orthogonally.
In this exercise, you joined mass elements together. The first selected mass
element cut geometry from the subsequently selected mass element. You
also modified and mirrored a mass element before joining its geometry
with that of another element.
Dataset
TIP You may want to use the Move tool to place the mass
precisely.
.
15 Specify Mass (Transparent) for the Material property, and click
OK twice.
TIP Use the snap control lines to assist in placing the domes.
.
22 Specify Mass (Transparent) for the Material property, and
click OK twice.
23 In the Project Browser, under Views (all), under Elevations,
double-click North.
26 Select the three arc domes and the two semi barrel vaults.
In this exercise, you placed mass elements into Design Options. You
then switched between different design options to get different versions
of the design.
Dataset
Creating walls
In this exercise, you picked several massing faces and created both basic
walls and curtain walls.
In this exercise, you created floors by first creating floor area faces and
then picking those faces to create floors. You then viewed a massing
schedule that listed the gross floor area of each mass in the model.
Creating roofs
Dataset
are updated, and all new instances that you place contain the
modifications.
You can also nest groups within other groups. In this tutorial,
you create a model group for a typical hotel guest room, and
then you create a group for a typical toilet room that is nested
all those with access to the library the ability to load any group
997
the amount of work needed to create, place, and modify
repetitive units.
Creating a Group
In this exercise, you create a model group for a typical hotel room. You
create the group by selecting drawing objects and grouping them as a
single entity.
Dataset
Specify a view
1 In the Project Browser, expand Views (all), expand Floor
Plans, and double-click Level 2.
2 Enter ZR to zoom to a specific region.
3 Draw a rectangle around the populated room.
4 Press and hold CTRL, and select the bed, chair, desk, and two
nightstands.
Placing a Group
In this exercise, you use drag and drop functionality to place a new instance
of a group in the floor plan. You also mirror an existing instance of a group,
using an adjacent wall as the axis of reflection.
Dataset
Continue using the dataset saved at the end of the previous exercise,
Grouping-in progress.rvt.
Mirror a group
Modifying a Group
In this exercise, you make changes to a single instance of a group. When
you finish the editing routine, all instances of the same group in the
drawing are updated.
Dataset
Continue using the dataset saved at the end of the previous exercise,
Grouping-in progress.rvt.
3 Press and hold CTRL, and select the desk and chair.
Create a group
1 In the original instance of the Typical guest room group, select
all the elements that make up the toilet room and closet. In
the selection, make sure you also include both doors and their
host walls, and the wall separating the bathroom and closet.
4 Place the sink on the wall with the toilet in any instance of
the Typical toilet room.
6 Move the cursor over the same instance of the toilet room
group in which you placed the sink.
7 Press TAB, and select the nested toilet room group.
8 On the Options Bar, click Edit Group.
9 On the Design Bar, click Add To Group.
10 In the drawing area, select the sink.
11 On the Design Bar, click Finish Group.
Duplicating a Group
In this exercise, you use the Duplicate command to create a group based
on an existing group. You then place the new group in the building model,
and customize it so that it fits in the available space and has the correct
group nested within it. After you finish the modified group, you draw an
axis of reflection at the midpoint of the building model so that the group
is mirrored from its location at the top of the building model to a location
at the bottom.
Dataset
Continue using the dataset saved at the end of the previous lesson,
Grouping-in progress.rvt.
Use the inside corner of the exterior wall and the corridor wall
as the origin of the group.
4 Move the cursor down and to the right, and select a point on
the interior of the vertical wall.
5 On the Design Bar, click Finish Sketch.
11 Press and hold CTRL, and select the note and the filled
region.
6 In the drawing area, press and hold CTRL, and select the two
door tags.
11 Move the cursor over the Typical toilet room group, (this
group is just below the original instance of the Typical guest
room group), press TAB, and select the nested Typical toilet
room group.
12 On the Options Bar, click Place Detail.
13 In the Attached Detail Group Placement dialog box, select
Door tags, and click OK.
3 Click Save.
Sketch walls
1021
Using Site Tools
In this lesson, you use site tools to add and modify site components within
a project. You start by importing the site contour data and converting it
to 3D contour data. You add property lines manually, convert the data to
a table, and then modify the data. You add subregions to the area to define
parking areas, islands, and walkways. After grading the topography to
create a slightly elevated and flat surface, you add a building pad to the
site. In the final exercises, you add parking and planting components and
create a parking space schedule.
Creating a Toposurface
In this exercise, you create a toposurface using two different methods.
Using the first method, you create a toposurface by manually placing
elevation points in the site plan. In the second part of this exercise, you
import contour data from a DWG file and use it to create the project
toposurface.
Dataset
This exercise requires the completion of the previous exercise and the
project file in its current state. If you have not completed the previous
exercise, do so before continuing.
Dataset
Continue to use the dataset you used in the previous exercise, Site-in
progress.rvt.
NOTE The weight of the sketch lines has been increased in the
illustration for training purposes.
7 Move the cursor over the property lines and, when they
highlight, select the lines.
8 On the Options Bar, select Edit Table.
A warning dialog box is displayed, informing you that
converting a property line sketch to a table cannot be
undone.
to delete them.
12 On the Design Bar, click Property Line.
13 In the Property Line Creation dialog box, select Create
property lines by table of distances and bearings, and click
OK.
14 In the Property Lines dialog box, click Insert three times
until there are four rows of deed data.
■ 100000 S 0°0'0" E
■ 80000 N 90°0'0" W
■ 100000 N 0°0'0" E
■ 80000 N 90°0'0" E
Notice that after you complete the last line, the distance that
displayed under From last to first point now displays Closed.
This means there is no gap in the property lines. If the gap is
not closed, review your data entry and make necessary
corrections.
16 Click OK.
The property lines are displayed at the tip of the cursor.
In this exercise, you created two sets of property lines. The first set you
sketched and then converted into deed data. You created the second set
of property lines directly from deed data and located it on the topography.
In the final step, you loaded and tagged the property line segments.
In the next exercise, you modify site settings and contour line visibility.
Dataset
Continue to use the dataset you used in the previous exercise, Site-in
progress.rvt.
11 Click OK.
The object style subcategory, Working Contour, displays on
the topography only at the elevation you specified.
Dataset
TIP You can either sketch the shape freehand or draw two
perpendicular rectangles, use the trim tool to create just one
closed loop, and use the fillet arc sketching tool to add the curved
corner. The horizontal rectangle is approximately 7500 mm wide;
the vertical rectangle is approximately 19500 mm wide.
NOTE In the Metric dataset, you may see fewer contour lines
than in the images shown in this exercise.
Notice that the left edge of the subregion overhangs the site
topography. When you finish the sketch in a later step, the
subregion will end at the edge of the defined topography.
Dataset
Continue to use the dataset you used in the previous exercise, Site
tutorial-in progress.rvt.
10 Press DELETE.
13 Press DELETE.
Dataset
Continue to use the dataset you used in the previous exercise, Site
tutorial-in progress.rvt.
Dataset
Continue to use the dataset you used in the previous exercise, Site tutorial-in
progress.rvt.
NOTE Make sure you place the parking space a slight distance
above the building pad.
TIP You could also use the Array tool to accomplish this task.
Dataset
Continue to use the dataset you used in the previous exercise, Site
tutorial-in progress.rvt.
Dataset
Continue to use the dataset you used in the previous exercise, Site
tutorial-in progress.rvt.
12 In the Site plan, zoom in around the upper parking lot where
you previously added the parking spaces.
completing level 1, you copy the entire structure and use the
above it. In the final lesson, you create framing elevations and
1067
Adding Structural Walls
In this lesson, you add structural walls to a project file where only the grid
lines have been added. You use an imported DWG file as an underlay to
trace the initial outline of the structural walls. You then sketch additional
walls to which you add dimensions and constraints.
In this exercise, you imported a DWG file. This file is used in the next
exercise, “Sketching Structural Walls” on page 1070, to trace the initial set
of structural walls.
Dataset
This exercise requires the project file, Structural_tutorial.rvt that you saved
at the end of the previous exercise.
■ Select Depth.
■ Click .
■ Select Chain.
■ Select Finish Face: Exterior for Loc Line.
10 Move the curser to the right, and click the next line
intersection.
■ Clear Chain.
■ Select Wall Centerline for Loc Line.
■ Select the endpoint of the left vertical wall. This is the left
extent of the arc.
■ Select the right endpoint of the horizontal wall. This is
the right extent of the arc.
■ Move the cursor upward and specify an arc radius of 180
degrees.
In this exercise, you used the DWG file to trace the initial set of structural
walls. After turning off the visibility of the linked DWG, you added the
remaining structural walls required for this building model.
In the next exercise, “Dimensioning and Modifying Walls” on page 1081,
you add dimensions and equality constraints to the walls. You then
make minor modifications to their position.
■ Select .
■ Select Wall Centerlines for Prefer.
■ Select Entire Walls for Pick.
After you select Entire Walls, the Options button becomes
available.
5 Move the cursor over the left vertical wall, and when it
highlights, select it.
6 Move the cursor to the left, and click to place the dimension
as shown.
11 Click the temporary dimension value, and enter 4000 for the
distance between the wall centerline and grid B.
In this exercise, you added a dimension to the structural walls and used
an equality constraint to keep the walls equidistant. You also
repositioned the walls and observed how they adapted to the change in
the design.
In the next lesson, “Adding Structural Columns and Beams” on page
1086, you add structural columns and different beam types to the building
model.
Notice the columns rotate until they are parallel with grid
A.
14 If necessary, zoom out until you can see all the grids.
15 On the Options Bar, click Finish.
TIP Notice that as you rotate these columns using the SPACEBAR,
the columns on A1-5 do not rotate. Although you could have
added columns B1-5 with the first set of columns, you could not
have rotated them independently of each other. That is why you
finished the first set and then reentered the grid intersection mode
to add columns B1-5.
Dataset
This exercise requires the project file, Structural_tutorial.rvt that you saved
at the end of the previous exercise.
TIP Select the midpoint of the wall first, and then move the cursor
up to grid A.
Other Other
20 Select the structural wall that spans grids 3 and 4, click the
temporary dimension value, enter 8200, and press ENTER.
45 Specify the beam start point at the endpoint of the short wall
segment adjacent to grid 4 as shown below.
Dataset
This exercise requires the project file, Structural_tutorial.rvt that you saved
at the end of the previous exercise.
10 Click OK.
■ Click .
■ Clear Group and Associate.
■ Enter 14 for Number.
■ Select 2nd for Move to.
Add purlins
NOTE You can control the structural framing line weight, style,
and color within the Object Styles dialog box.
■ Click .
■ Clear Group and Associate.
■ Enter 7 for Number.
■ Select 2nd for Move to.
22 Move the cursor to the endpoint of the next joist on the right,
and click.
In this exercise, you added different joist types and allowed the automatic
beam tool to assign the Structural Usage parameter value depending on
the join conditions.
■ Click the level line starting point 3000 mm above the left
extent of Level 2.
■ Move the cursor over the right extent of Level 2.
■ Click to add Level 3.
In this exercise, you created three new levels. These levels that are
required in the next exercise, “Duplicating the Existing Design” on page
1117, where you copy the structural elements and paste align them to the
new levels.
Dataset
This exercise requires the project file, Structural_tutorial.rvt that you saved
at the end of the previous exercise.
Dataset
This exercise requires the project file, Structural_tutorial.rvt that you saved
at the end of the previous exercise.
■ Click .
■ Clear Group and Associate.
■ Enter 4 for Number.
■ Select 2nd for Move to.
■ Select Constrain.
14 On the Drafting tab of the Design Bar, click Tag All Not Tagged.
15 In the Tag All Not Tagged dialog box, select Structural Framing
Tags, and click OK.
users can access the project and have all their changes
stairs, and so on. Only one user can edit each workset at a
given time. All other team members can view this workset;
file whenever they choose. They can update their local files at
1129
any time in order to see the changes other team members have
published.
To share a project, you must first enable Worksharing. The first time
you activate worksets within a project, a dialog box displays allowing
you to set up the initial sharing of the project. After the project is shared,
each building element in the project is contained in exactly one workset.
You can change the workset assignment of any modeling element within
the property dialog box for that element.
In a shared project, you can only make changes to the worksets that are
editable by you. To make a workset editable, go to the Worksets dialog
box, select the desired workset, and click Editable. Each workset can
only be editable by one user at a time. If you only need to modify a
single element within a workset that someone else has checked out, use
Element Borrowing.
When you are working on a shared project, you specify an active workset.
Any new model elements are automatically assigned to the active
workset. Elements specific to a view, such as annotations and
dimensions, are automatically assigned to the view workset of the current
view.
Overview | 1131
how to work within a Worksharing-enabled project with multiple users
and borrow particular elements from other users.
The decisions you make when sharing a project and setting up its worksets
can have long-lasting effects on the project team. When setting up
Worksharing, you should take several considerations into account:
General Considerations:
■ Project size
■ Team size
■ Team member roles
■ Default workset visibility
You can maximize long-term project performance more easily if you plan
Worksharing appropriately and use the feature correctly. Establishing
practical policies on how all team members access and create new worksets
in the project will maintain performance for existing users and ease the
process of introducing new team members to the project.
■ Project size
The size of your building may affect the way you decide to segment
the worksets for your team. Unlike AutoCAD Xrefs, you do not need
to make separate worksets for each floor of the building. Instead, you
should separate the project into worksets that allow team members to
work without interfering with each other. In a multi-story structure,
you could create separate worksets for a set of building elements that
will only appear on one floor, such as a tenant interior. If the project
floor plan is so large that you need to split it with match lines to fit it
on sheets, you may want to create separate worksets for each portion.
■ Team size
You should take into consideration the size of the project team at the
time you enable Worksharing. You should have at least one workset
for each person, not including the Project Standards, Shared Levels
and Grids, and View worksets. In most projects, greater subdivision
improves workflow by reducing interference between team members.
Experience has shown that, for a typical project, the optimum number
of worksets is approximately four for each team member.
TIP As new team members create new worksets for their own use,
make sure visibility defaults are set appropriately.
One user starts to work on the project. This project file should
incorporate as many office/project standards as possible and it should
include many of the families required by the project. The building model
After the building model is ready for multiple user access, the project
coordinator should enable Worksharing.
After you have created the initial worksets, you must assign building model
elements to their respective workset. For example, if a workset named
Interior was created, you would want to assign the interior walls and other
interior components to that workset.
The first time you save a project after Worksharing has been enabled, the
file is saved as the central file. The central file coordinates and propagates
the changes of each user and keeps track of which worksets are available.
Therefore, it is essential that you save the central file to a location accessible
to all team members. Generally, the central file is not a file that a team
member would open and work in directly.
Each team member creates a local file that makes it possible to check out
worksets and work on their respective portion of the building model. When
finished or at regular intervals, each user saves their changes back to the
central file where the changes can be propagated to all team members. You
create a local file by opening the central file and using “Save As” to create
a local copy of the central file. Local files are user-specific and can only be
accessed by the users that created them.
Whenever you open a central or local file, you have the option to choose
which worksets to open. This is called “Selective Open.” When opening a
Worksharing-enabled project, you can shorten the time required to open
the file by selecting to open only the worksets required to complete your
assigned tasks.
When you “check out” a workset, you make that workset editable by
you. This gives you the right to make changes to the elements in the
workset and to add to the workset. There is no limit to the number of
worksets you can have editable at one time. However, no other users
can make modifications to any elements in those worksets until you
check them back into the central file.
Work on the project, within the local file, proceeds as usual. As you
work, new building elements are assigned to the workset that is active
at the moment. On the Options Bar, you can select which workset is
active. You can make a workset active only if it is editable by you.
As you work on the project throughout the day, you should save the
file locally and to the central file at regular intervals. When you save
locally (to your local file), your changes are saved; however, they are
not propagated to the rest of the team. When you save to the central
file, your changes propagate to the entire team. When you save to the
central file, you should relinquish any worksets that you no longer need.
This makes them available to other team members. Any changes that
other users have made to the building model become visible to you after
you save to the central file or when you select Reload Latest.
At the end of a work session, you should save to the central file and
relinquish control of all worksets that you set as editable. After saving
to the central file, you should then save to your local file. This ensures
that your local file is synchronized with the central file.
Remote rendering
Enable Worksharing
1 On the File menu, click Worksets.
■ Families
■ Project Standards
■ Views
5 Scroll down the list of workset names, and notice all are
editable by you.
6 Under Show, turn off Families, Project Standards, and Views.
Only User-Created worksets should display.
9 Click OK.
The next workset you create is for the furniture layout.
Because furniture should only be visible in specific views,
you should turn off Visible by default in all views. This
improves performance since fewer components need to be
generated in each view.
10 Click New.
11 Enter Furniture Layout, clear Visible by default in all
views, and click OK.
The final new workset is for the exterior shell of the building
model. Rather than create a new workset for these elements,
you can rename the default workset, currently named
Workset1.
44 Click OK.
45 On the File menu, click Close.
If you intend on completing the remaining exercises in this
tutorial, make sure you remember the location of this central
file. You must access it in each of the remaining exercises.
11 Click OK.
You are now ready to modify the interior layout of the building
model. Before working on the model, you should activate the
Worksets toolbar.
21 Click OK.
22 On the File menu, click Worksets.
In the Worksets dialog box, notice that you do not own the
Exterior Shell workset, but you are listed as a borrower of that
workset. In this case, you have borrowed the ownership of the
upper exterior wall.
23 Click OK.
■ Borrowed Elements
■ User-created Worksets
■ Save the local file after “Save to Central” completes
successfully
37 Click OK.
If you intend to complete the remainder of this tutorial by
proceeding to the multi-user exercise, leave this file open in
its current state.
In this exercise, you created your local file, checked out worksets, and
borrowed an element from a workset you did not own. You modified the
building model, and published your changes back to the central file where
other team members can see them.
NOTE If you are working with a second user (User 2), skip the following
section, and proceed to Creating a local copy.
16 Click OK.
User 1: Check out worksets, modify the building model, and publish
changes
17 User 1 should still have the local file open. If it is not open,
open it now.
18 On the File menu, click Worksets.
Notice that the Exterior Shell workset is checked out by User
2.
22 Click OK.
23 In the Project Browser, expand Views (all), expand Floor
Plans, and double-click Level 1.
24 Select the vertical interior wall shown in the following
illustration, and move it to the left until it approaches the
centerline of the exterior double door on the south wall.
64 Click OK.
65 On the File menu, click Save to Central.
66 In the Save to Central dialog box, select:
■ Borrowed Elements
■ User-created Worksets
■ Save the local file after “Save to Central” completes
successfully
67 Click OK.
■ User-created Worksets
■ Save the local file after “Save to Central” completes
successfully
In this exercise, two users worked on the same building model using
worksets. Each user checked out worksets, modified the building model,
and published their changes back to the central file.
In the final exercise of this tutorial, you learn how to borrow elements
from worksets that other users are actively working on.
If you intend to complete the final exercise of this tutorial, “Borrowing
Elements from the Worksets of Other Users” on page 1155, leave this file
open in its current state. This exercise also requires two users and you
can skip the first sections of the exercise and proceed directly to the
section, Checking out worksets.
NOTE If you are working with a second user (User 2), finished the previous
workset exercises, and still have your local files open, proceed directly to
the section Checking out worksets.
NOTE When you open the training dataset for this tutorial, you may receive
a message informing you that the central file has been relocated. Click OK to
this message and subsequent messages. These messages are a result of the
central file being relocated (to your PC). In subsequent steps, you save the
dataset as a central file, and these problems are rectified.
Dataset
6 For the sake of simplicity, the user that saved the central file
should be User 1. The central file should still be open.
21 Both User 1 and User 2 can check out their worksets at the
same time. Afterwards, the steps for each user have to be
followed in sequence.
25 Under Active Workset, select Exterior Shell, and then click OK.
36 Click Grant.
37 Click Close.
■ User-created Worksets
■ Borrowed Elements (User 2 only)
■ Save the local file after “Save to Central” completes
successfully
in the project with the main model (the main model consists
can study and modify each design option and present the
1163
In this tutorial, you learn how to create and manage multiple
In the first exercise in this lesson, you set up the design option names
and add the modeling elements to the structural design option set. In
the second exercise, you create two roof system design options that work
with the structural options. In the final exercise of this lesson, you learn
how to manage and organize the design options, make your final design
decision, and delete the unwanted options from the project. These three
exercises are designed to be completed sequentially with the second and
third exercises dependent on the completion of the previous exercise.
2 In the Design Options dialog box, under Option Set, click New.
Notice Option Set 1 has been created with a design option:
Option 1 (primary). This option will be the first structural
scheme consisting of 75 mm round columns and 50 mm round
bars.
TIP In this exercise, the roof and structure systems must work
together; therefore, each is constructed for interchangeability.
■ Constrain
■ Copy
■ Multiple
TIP You can zoom in and out easily during this process using the
wheel on your wheel mouse.
15 Zoom out and move downward to the notch just below this
one.
17 Zoom out and, using the same technique, add a copy of the
columns to the next two notches below this one. When you
are finished, click Modify on the Design Bar to end the copy
process.
Because of the size of the columns, they are difficult to see
in this view.
■ Constrain
■ Copy
■ Multiple
NOTE Be sure you are creating a new option, not a new option
set.
52 Click Close.
Notice that the columns added to the Brackets design option
do not display.
59 Align the roof beam by clicking the lower edge of the adjacent
horizontal wall and then clicking the lower edge of the roof
beam. Refer to the following illustration.
60 After aligning the beam, click the padlock that displays to lock
the alignment.
61 On the Design Bar, click Modify.
Using the Array tool requires two clicks. The first click sets
the move start point. The second click represents the move
end point.
64 Click the start point at the alignment of the beam and wall
as shown.
69 Click Close.
70 On the File menu, click Save As.
71 Navigate to your preferred directory, name the file,
m_Urban_House-in progress.rvt, and click Save.
In this exercise, you set up multiple design option sets, each with
multiple design options to pick from. After setting up the design option
sets and their subordinate options, you designed each of the structural
options: one for brackets, the other for beams. The first option is a simple
combination of columns and beams. With the second option, you created
a unique in-place family as the structural system.
In the next exercise, you create the roof systems that compliment these
structural design options.
5 Click Close.
6 In the Project Browser, expand Views (all), expand Floor Plans,
and double-click TOP OF CORE.
7 On the Basics tab of the Design Bar, click Component.
8 In the Type Selector, select Rafter 50mm x 250mm.
9 Zoom in on the lower half of the building model until you
can see the bottom set of columns and the beam traversing
the span.
10 Referring to the following illustration, place the rafter 900 mm
inside the wall shown and overlap the horizontal beam 900
mm.
The dimensions shown are for training purposes. If you need
to add dimensions, delete them after the rafter is in place.
You are creating an array of five rafters that are 990 mm apart.
22 On the Design Bar, click Modify, and select the louver you
just placed.
25 With the louver still selected, click the Edit menu, and click
Array.
26 On the Options Bar, specify the following:
38 You are prompted to verify the roof level and offset. Click
OK.
Because an extruded roof has a roof type associated with it,
you only need to sketch a single line or a string of lines to
define the shape of the extruded roof. In this case, you must
create a draped canvas sunscreen. Therefore, the sketch
should be a series of arcs connected at the ends where they
connect to the columns.
41 Select the top of the left column, the top of the next column
on the right, and then adjust the dip of the arc until it is
60 degrees. You can adjust the degrees by clicking the blue
temporary dimension value immediately after you create
the line.
42 Repeat the previous step and create two more arcs between
the columns.
45 Click OK.
The roof sketch must be a continuous line. You must make
sure the arcs are connected where they connect to the columns.
The easiest way to accomplish this is to use the Trim tool.
In this exercise, you designed each of the roofing options. The first
option, a Louver system, was constructed of 50 mm x 250 mm rafters
and 50 mm x 150 mm louvers. The second roofing system, Sunscreen,
was a simple fabric roof created using an extrusion. Both of these options
are designed to work in conjunction with each of the structural design
options.
■ Secondary Option
■ Tertiary Option
■ Last Option
9 Click OK.
25 Select Structure.
26 Under Option Set, click Accept Primary.
An alert is displayed, asking if you are sure you want to
delete all elements of secondary options in this option set
and remove the option set.
In this exercise, you learned how to present each of the design options by
creating multiple views to display the various combinations. After exploring
the combinations, you selected a design, made it part of the building model,
and deleted the discarded design options.
phases. You can use phase filters to control the flow of building
schedules. For the client, you can create a visual time line of
phase-specific 3D views.
1195
Using Phasing
In the lesson and exercises that follow, you work in a simple building
model that requires renovation. You create new phases, demolish existing
walls and doors, then add new walls and doors in a different location. This
changes room definition and total building model area.
In the second exercise, you apply phase-specific room tags to rooms that
vary with each phase and observe the differences in the phase-specific
room schedules.
NOTE The units of measurement in this project file are imperial. Because units
of measurement have little bearing on the goals of this tutorial, you do not
need to change the project units to metric. If you wish to do so, go to the
Settings menu, click Project Units, define the units, and click OK.
4 Click Cancel.
5 Select any of the exterior walls.
7 Click Cancel.
8 On the Basics tab of the Design Bar, click Modify.
9 In the drawing area, drag a pick box around the entire building
model to select all of the elements in it.
After you release the mouse button, all of the building model
elements, including the door tags, are highlighted in red. Door
tags are not phase-specific and must be filtered from the
selection.
17 Click No.
18 In the Project Browser, under Floor Plans, right-click Level
1 - Existing, and click Duplicate.
19 In the Project Browser, under Floor Plans, right-click Copy
of Level 1 - Existing, and click Rename.
20 In the Rename dialog box, enter Level 1 - Demo, and click
OK.
You should now have a separate floor plan for the existing
building model and the planned demolition.
27 Click New.
A new phase filter is displayed at the bottom of the Filter Name
list.
31 Click OK.
Next, you begin demolition. There are two ways to demolish
an element. You can select it and change its Phase parameter
to Demolished, or you can use the demolish tool.
In this exercise, you created a building model with three distinct phases
and created views with appropriate phase filters to display each phase.
NOTE The units of measurement in this project file are imperial. Because
units of measurement have little bearing on the goals of this tutorial, you
do not need to change the project units to metric. If you wish to do so, go
to the Settings menu, click Project Units, define the units, and click OK.
5 Click OK.
6 In the Project Browser, under Floor Plans, double-click Level
1 - Existing, and maximize the view.
7 On the Basics tab of the Design Bar, click Room.
8 Using the following illustration as a guide, click in each room
to create a room and place a room tag.
In this exercise, you added room tags to various floor plans that are
assigned different phases. You also opened two schedules to observe
how the room information is reported by phase.
project file in which only a site plan has been developed. You
1211
final lesson, you share the coordinates so that the linked files
■ c_Townhouse
■ c_Condo_Complex
16 For the move start point, click the upper-left corner of the
linked condo complex building model.
21 Click Open.
24 Place the cursor just north of the townhouse and, when the
vertical line displays, click to specify the rotation start point.
32 On the Edit menu, click Rotate, and rotate the townhouse 180
degrees.
NOTE After you rotate the townhouse, if it does not fit reasonably
well within the detail lines, use the Move command to make any
adjustments.
In this exercise, you linked two separate Revit Building 9.1 models into
a site model. After linking the files, you rotated and moved the building
models to fit them into their designated positions within the site
development.
In the next exercise, you modify the elevation of the townhouses.
NOTE This exercise requires the completion of the previous exercise in this
tutorial and the resulting project files. If you have not completed the previous
exercise, do so before continuing.
NOTE This exercise requires the completion of the previous exercises in this
tutorial and the resulting project files. If you have not completed the previous
exercise, do so before continuing.
Apply halftone
24 Click OK.
25 You can use display settings to control the view range, phase,
and phase filter of a specific link.
On the Revit Links tab, under Visibility, select
c_Townhouse.rvt.
Notice that the Custom button displays under Display Settings.
29 Click OK.
30 In the Visibility/Graphics dialog box, click OK.
31 On the File menu, click Save.
NOTE This exercise requires the completion of the previous exercises in this
tutorial and the resulting project files. If you have not completed the previous
exercise, do so before continuing.
NOTE The Locations Not Saved field is only relevant for links
with shared coordinates. In a shared coordinate environment,
any changes made to the locations of a linked file are saved
within the linked file rather than the host project. As links are
moved to new locations in the host project, you can use the
Save Locations command to save the new locations to the
linked project. You learn more about this in the next lesson,
Sharing Coordinates Between Building Models.
5 Click Unload.
The Loaded option for that linked file is now clear.
6 Click OK.
Notice that the condo complex link is no longer displayed in
the host project.
TIP In the Manage Links dialog box, you can also remove a
link completely or reload the link from a different location.
In this exercise, you managed the linked files by unloading and reloading
the townhouse project. In the next lesson, you learn how to share the
coordinates between the host and linked projects.
If you intend to complete the next lesson now, leave the project file open
in its current view.
Dataset
Publish coordinates
1 Verify that the floor plan Level 1 is the active view.
You have published the coordinates of the host project to the linked
project. Both projects now share the same coordinate system.
NOTE This exercise requires the completion of the previous exercise within
this lesson and the resulting project files. If you have not completed the exercise,
do so before continuing.
16 Click Change.
17 In the Manage Place and Locations dialog box, click
Duplicate, enter Lot B for Name, and click OK.
Save locations
31 Click just north of the site topography and just below the
North elevation symbol.
In this exercise, you created and saved the locations of each townhouse.
You have also learned how to relocate the host project with respect to the
linked projects.
NOTE This exercise requires the completion of the previous exercise within
this lesson and the resulting project files. If you have not completed the exercise,
do so before continuing.
In this exercise, you created a schedule of doors in the host file and all
linked files of a project. You also sorted the schedule data to produce a
consolidated listing of the components.
NOTE This exercise requires the completion of the previous exercises within
this lesson and the resulting project files. If you have not completed the
exercises, do so before continuing.
Dataset
Link a project
1 In the Project Browser, under Floor Plans, double-click 1st
Floor.
This project is currently linked to the Site_Project.rvt file. It
is located in Lot A and Lot B within that project file. In
addition, the condo complex is linked within the
Site_Project.rvt file.
In this exercise, you worked within a project that is linked within another
project. You loaded a linked file into the townhouse project and then
changed the active location to see how the project reacts to the changes.
In the final exercise of this tutorial, you manage the shared locations.
NOTE This exercise requires the completion of the previous exercises within
this lesson and the resulting project files. If you have not completed the
exercises, do so before continuing.
Manage locations
1 On the Settings menu, click Manage Place and Locations.
2 In the Manage Place and Locations dialog box, click
Duplicate.
3 In the Name dialog box, enter Lot C, and click OK.
4 In the Manage Place and Locations dialog box, click OK.
10 On the File menu, click Close. You can save the file if you
wish.
In this exercise, you created a new location using the Manage Place and
Locations tool. You rotated a view to true north and used the Report Shared
Coordinates tool to locate components in regards to the origin.
You have completed this tutorial.
1251
Modifying Project and
System Settings
26
In this tutorial, you learn how to modify your Revit Building
1253
Modifying System Settings
In this lesson, you learn how to control the system settings within Revit
Building. System settings are local to each computer and applied to all
projects; they are not saved to project or template files.
NOTE You can also specify the Alert Color. When an error occurs,
the elements causing the error display using this color.
16 Click OK.
17 On the Basics tab of the Design Bar, click Wall.
18 Sketch a simple straight horizontal wall in the center of the
drawing area.
19 On the Design Bar, click Modify, and select the wall.
31 Click OK.
Notice that the drawing area background colors are no longer
inverted and that tooltips display when you place the cursor
over any building component.
TIP To view a template, you can start a new project with that
template. On the File menu, choose New ➤ Project, and click
Browse to select a template.
4 Click Cancel.
5 Under Default path for user files, click Browse.
6 In the Browse for Folder dialog box, select the folder to save
your files to by default, and click OK.
7 In the Options dialog box, under Default path for family
template files, click Browse.
This path is set automatically during the installation process.
These are the family templates that you use to create new
families. It is unlikely that you would ever want to modify
this path. However, there are some circumstances where
you may need to modify the path, such as in a large,
centralized, architectural firm where customized templates
reside on a network drive.
8 Click Cancel.
TIP You may want to create a new folder first, and select it as the
library path.
18 Click Cancel.
19 On the Settings menu, click Options.
20 Click the File Locations tab.
21 Under Libraries, select My Library.
25 Click OK.
26 Proceed to the next exercise, “Specifying Spelling Options”
on page 1259.
17 Click OK.
18 On the Settings menu, click Options.
19 In the Options dialog box, click the Spelling tab.
20 Under Settings, click Restore Defaults.
This resets the spelling settings to their original configuration.
18 Enter SM.
This is the snap shortcut key that restricts all snapping to
midpoints.
19 Notice that the cursor now snaps only to the midpoint of the
wall.
24 Click OK.
25 On the File menu, click Close, and do not save the file.
26 Proceed to the next lesson, “Modifying Project Settings” on
page 1264.
Dataset
15 Click OK.
Notice that the exterior walls are no longer brick, and there is
no stone pattern applied in this view. This is because a surface
pattern was not selected when the fieldstone material was
defined. In the following exercise, “Creating and Applying Fill
Patterns” on page 1270, you create a fieldstone pattern and apply
it to this material.
NOTE This exercise requires the completion of the previous exercise. Use the
project file that you saved at the end of that exercise, m_Settings-in progress.rvt.
5 Click New.
6 In the Add Surface Pattern dialog box, click Custom.
7 Under Custom, click Import.
8 Navigate to the training folders installed with your Revit
Building software.
12 Click OK.
TIP If the pattern does not display, adjust your zoom settings as
needed.
NOTE This exercise requires the completion of the previous exercise. Use
the project file that you saved at the end of that exercise, m_Settings-in
progress.rvt.
Texture, click .
25 In the Material Library dialog, expand Solid Colors, and
select Reds and Oranges.
26 Under Name, select Indian,Dark,Glossy, and click OK.
27 Under Surface Pattern, click the Color value, select a red
color, and click OK.
28 In the Materials dialog, click OK.
29 In the Object Styles dialog, click OK.
Notice that the red paint trim material is applied to all
windows regardless of their type.
NOTE This exercise requires the completion of the previous exercise. Use the
project file that you saved at the end of that exercise, m_Settings-in progress.rvt.
6 Click OK twice.
You have created a new line pattern; now you must apply it.
There are two ways to apply the line style to the roof. You can
use the Visibility/Graphics settings to modify the roof
appearance in a specific view, or you can use Object Styles to
apply the change to all views.
7 On the View Control Bar, click Model Graphics Style, and click
Hidden Line.
11 Click OK.
The line style is applied to the roof in the view.
23 Click OK twice.
29 Click OK.
30 On the Basics tab of the Design Bar, click Lines.
31 In the Type Selector, select Zoning Setback.
32 In the Options Bar, specify the following:
■ Click .
■ Click .
37 Click OK.
38 In the Project Browser, under Floor Plans, double-click 02
Entry Level.
39 On the View menu, click Visibility/Graphics.
40 On the Model Categories tab, expand Lines, and clear
Zoning Setback.
41 On the Model Categories tab, expand Site, and clear Property
Lines.
42 Click OK.
Modifying Annotations
In this exercise, you create a new dimension style using units of
measurement that differ from the project settings. You also load a new
window annotation symbol and apply it to show the window instance
number rather than the window type.
NOTE This exercise requires the completion of the previous exercise. Use
the project file that you saved at the end of that exercise, m_Settings-in
progress.rvt.
7 Click OK twice.
You have created a new dimension style.
16 Click Cancel.
17 On the Settings menu, click Annotations ➤ Loaded Tags.
18 In the Tags dialog box, under Category, scroll down to
Windows.
Notice that there is a window tag loaded and applied to
windows.
19 Click Load.
20 In the left pane of the Open dialog box, click the Training
Files icon, and open Metric\Families\Annotations\
M_Window Tag - Number.rfa.
In the preview image, notice that the label displays 1i. This
indicates this tag is designed to display the window instance
value rather than the type value.
21 Click Open.
24 Click OK.
25 Press and hold CTRL, select the 3 window tags, and press Delete.
NOTE This exercise requires the completion of the previous exercise. Use
the project file that you saved at the end of that exercise, m_Settings-in
progress.rvt.
TIP You can override the detail level at any time by specifying
the Detail Level parameter in the View Properties dialog box or
the Detail Level icon on the View Control Bar.
In this table, you use the arrows between the columns to move
view scales from one detail level to another. You do not select
a view scale to move it. The view scale moves either from the
bottom or the top of the column based on the direction.
12 Click OK.
13 On the File menu, click Save.
14 On the File menu, click Close.
15 Proceed to the next exercise, “Modifying Project Browser
Organization” on page 1287.
19 Click OK.
20 In the Browser Organization dialog box, select
Phase/Type/Discipline as the current browser organization,
and click OK.
In this lesson, you modified various project settings that affect project
appearance and organization. All the settings that you changed in this
lesson are saved with the project. You can also save these settings in a
template file. By saving these settings as a template and using it throughout
the office, you maintain consistent standards and reduce the amount of
repetitive work. In the lesson that follows, you create an office template.
TIP This template is the starting point for your new template. If
you want to use a template other than the default, you can select
it now.
14 Click Open.
15 Under Create New, select Project Template, and click OK.
16 Proceed to the next exercise, “Modifying Project Settings” on
page 1292.
■ Materials
■ Fill patterns
■ Object styles
■ Line styles, weights, and patterns
■ Annotations
■ Project units
■ Temporary dimensions
■ Detail levels
■ Project Browser organization
In addition to the list above, there are additional commands under the
Settings menu that allow modifications that can be saved in a template.
The specifics regarding each of these are addressed at the end of this
exercise.
During this exercise, specific modifications are not dictated. You are merely
pointed to each area where you can adapt the template to your needs. For
more details on modifying these settings, see the previous lesson,
“Modifying System Settings” on page 1254 or refer to the Help
documentation.
10 Click the Model Objects tab, and scroll through the list of
categories.
11 Modify the properties of any existing categories as needed.
12 If necessary, create new subcategories.
13 Click the Annotation Objects tab.
14 Modify categories, and create new subcategories as needed.
15 Click OK to close the Object Styles dialog box.
Modify arrowheads
35 Select the Type drop-down list, and notice the list of existing
arrowhead styles.
To see the details of a particular style, select it from this list.
41 Select the Type drop-down list, and notice the list of existing
linear dimension styles.
To see the details of a particular style, select it from this list.
64 Click OK.
Goal: Steps:
Load new door In the Element Properties dialog box, select Load.
type Navigate to the directory containing the door
type. Select it, and click Open.
4 Click OK.
5 Repeat the process for any component type that you want
to modify.
You may want to open other Design Bar tabs and make
modifications to components not available on this tab. You
can also load families and groups from the File menu.
Notice that each family category is listed. You can use the
Project Browser to modify family types.
12 Click OK.
You can use the Project Browser to delete a component from
the project/template. To do so, right-click the component, and
click Delete.
18 If you modified any other view templates, open the view from
the Project Browser, and apply the appropriate template.
Create 3D views
34 Click the arrow on the right side of the Dynamic View dialog
box.
40 Click OK.
41 Repeat the steps above for each schedule type you add to the
template.
43 Add views to the sheet by selecting Add View from the View
tab of the Design Bar.
TIP You can drag and drop views directly from the Project
Browser onto the sheet.
TIP As you select options, the relevant tab appears; for example,
select the Clouds option, and a Clouds tab appears.
8 Click OK.
9 Under Scene Settings, clear Use Sun and Shadow Settings from
view.
10 Click Sun.
11 On the Solar Angles tab, verify On is selected and select By
Date, Time, and Place for Specify Solar Angles.
12 Specify the date and time, place, settings, and colors, and then
click OK.
13 Under Plant Season, choose the appropriate season for plant
rendering.
2 Click Create.
This allows you to name the external parameter file. If this
template will be used by multiple people within an office,
you may want to save the file to a network location.
2 Under Name, select the first printer for which you want to
create named settings.
3 Under Settings, click Setup.
4 Click Save As.
5 In the New dialog box, enter a name for the print setting
and click OK.
6 Modify the printer settings.
7 If you want to have multiple settings for this printer, click
New, and create additional settings as needed.
8 Click OK when you have finished creating named settings
for this printer.
9 In the Print dialog box, select a different printer, click Setup,
and create new settings for this printer.
10 Repeat these steps as needed.
TIP You can also create named settings for your DWF and PDF
writer.
TIP There are other ways you can create a template. If you have
a project, you could delete the model geometry and save the
empty project as a template file. This can provide a good starting
point for a template. In addition, you can use the Transfer Project
Standards tool to move standards from one project to another.
In this lesson, you modified settings, loaded components, and saved them
to a template. By investing the time to individualize your template, you
ensure that office standards are maintained. In addition, you significantly
reduce the amount of repetitive work that would be done by each employee
for each project.