UNIT I
INTRODUCTION TO INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTIONS
Learning Objectives:
1. To value the significance of study of Corrections and its responsibility in the Criminal Justice
in the Philippines;
2. To state the important terms used in the study;
3. To describe the management functions of the correctional supervisor; and
4. To recognize the objectives of correctional supervision.
Introduction
Corrections is one of the major
subjects in the BS Criminology program. As
a matter of fact, there are at least two
correction subjects that must be taken and
passed by criminology students in order to
be able to graduate. These are the
institutional corrections or CA 1n and non-
institutional corrections or CA 2n. The latter
deals more on community-based treatment
programs while the former is focused on the
incarceration and detention of persons. In
this subject we place emphasis on
institutional corrections.
Corrections is a concept which
describes both a wide range of diversified
programs, agencies, and institutions and an
equally broad range of philosophical goals,
ideals, and theory about the nature of
human’s society, crime, and the criminal
offender.
It is a branch of the criminal justice
system concerned with the custody,
suspension and rehabilitation of criminal
offenders. It is the field of criminal justice
administration which utilizes the body of
knowledge and practices of the government
and the society in general involving the
processes of handling individuals who have
been convicted of offenses for purposes of
crime prevention and control.
CORRECTIONAL ADMINISTRATION is
study of practice of a systematic
management. It concerned with the custody,
treatment, and rehabilitation of criminal
offenders.
CORRECTION AND THE CRIMINAL
JUSTICE SYSTEM
Criminal justice system is the
machinery of any government in the
control and prevention of crime. It is
composed of the pillars of justice, and
these are as follows:
a. Law enforcement
b. Prosecution
c. Court
d. Corrections
e. Community
PENOLOGY is the study of punishment
for crime or criminal offenders. It includes the
study of control and prevention of crime
through punishment of criminal offenders.
The term is derived from the Latin word,
“POENA”, which means pain or suffering. It is
otherwise known as Penal Science. Penology
can be defined also as the division of
criminology that deals with prison
management and the treatment of offenders
and concerned itself with the philosophy and
practice of society in its effort to repress
criminal activities.
PENAL MANAGEMENT is the manner
or practice of managing or controlling places
of confinement as in jails or prisons.