QUEZON CITY UNIVERSITY

College of Engineering
Electronics Engineering

READY-O-RADIO

A Final Project
Presented to the faculty of College of Engineering
Electronics Engineering Department

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

for the Degree
ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

Gabriel, Dylan D.
Llorando, Trixie Jaime O.
Makilan, Dominick T.
Mergal, John Errol Q.
Paduit, Karl Andrei A.

SBECE-3A

May 10, 2023

 QUEZON CITY UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering
Electronics Engineering

I. INTRODUCTION
In today's world, communication has become an essential part of our lives. We
use various devices such as smartphones, computers, and radios to communicate with
each other. Among these, radios have been around for many years and have played an
important role in providing information and entertainment. Radio technology has evolved
over the years, and today we have various types of radios such as AM/FM radios,
shortwave radios, and satellite radios.
In this project, we created a radio called READY-O-RADIO, which is an AM/FM
radio that we made using a radio kit. The kit contained all the necessary components,
including resistors, capacitors, transistors, and other electronic components. We also
made the circuit ourselves without using a printed circuit board (PCB), which made the
project even more challenging.
Our goal was to create a functional radio that could receive AM and FM
frequencies and produce sound. We used the basic principles of radio communication,
including modulation, demodulation, and amplification, to build the radio. The project
required us to have a good understanding of electronics, including the use of
multimeters, soldering irons, and other tools.
The READY-O-RADIO project was not only a technical challenge but also an
opportunity for us to learn about radio technology and its applications. In this report, we
will discuss the process of building the radio, the challenges we faced, and the lessons
we learned. We will also describe the functionality of the radio and its potential
applications.
Overall, the READY-O-RADIO project was a great learning experience that
allowed us to gain practical knowledge in electronics and radio technology. We hope
that our project will inspire others to explore the fascinating world of radio
communication.

II. OBJECTIVES
This aims to develop and design a/an (Name of Project). Specifically, it will
delve to attain the following specific objectives:
1. To acquire knowledge and understanding of basic radio
communication principles, including modulation, demodulation, and amplification.
2. To develop skills in electronics, including the use of multimeters,
soldering irons, and other tools.
 QUEZON CITY UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering
Electronics Engineering

3. To troubleshoot and debug the radio circuit to ensure proper

functionality.
4. To gain hands-on experience in building a radio circuit without
using a printed circuit board (PCB).
5. To demonstrate the ability to apply theoretical knowledge to
practical applications.
6. To explore the potential applications of radio technology in various
fields, including broadcasting, telecommunications, and emergency
communication.
7. To present the results of the project in a clear and concise report
format.

III. MATERIALS
Materials used in building our READY-O-RADIO:
NAME VALUE QUANTITY DESCRIPTION
22k Ω 1
33k Ω 1 A resistor is an electrical component
100k Ω 1 that limits or regulates the flow of
22 Ω 1 electrical current in an electronic
RESISTORS
330 Ω 1 circuit. Resistors can also be used to
10k Ω 1 provide a specific voltage for an
4.7k Ω 1 active device such as a transistor.
680 Ω 1
5p 1
25 p 1
82f p 1 Ceramic capacitors are mainly used
181 p 1 for high stability performances and
221 p 1 low-loss devices. These devices
CAPACITORS 331 p 1 provide very accurate results, and
(CERAMIC) 471 p 1 also, the capacitance values of these
202 p 2 capacitors are stable with respect to
332 p 2 the applied voltage, frequency and
103 p 1 temperature.
683 p 1
104 p 13
10uF 1 They are commonly used as filtering
CAPACITORS
100uF 2 devices in various power supplies to
(ELECTROLYTIC)
220uF 1 reduce the voltage ripple.
 QUEZON CITY UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering
Electronics Engineering

7T5 1 Typically consists of an insulated

INDUCTORS
8T5 1 wire wound into a coil.
Allows the AM/FM radio to turn on
SWITCH 1
and off
CD9088 1 Used to amplify the audio signal
CD7642 1 received by the radio's tuner and
IC
process it for output through the
TDA2822 1
radio's speaker
Converts the carrier frequency that
TUNER CBM-444 1 has been chosen along with its
corresponding bandwidth
A voltage divider made up of three
POTENTIONMETER 10k 1
terminal resistors.
To create radio waves that transmit
8 ohms 2
SPEAKER 1 useful data, such as audio, video, or
watts
digital data.
LED Red For the indication of the radio
For the connection of the
SOLID WIRES 1mm 5m
components
AUDIO OUTPUT This will connect the AM/FM Radio to
DC 1
JACK the battery.

IV. PROCEDURES
1. We gathered all the necessary components, including resistors,
capacitors, transistors, diodes, and other electronic components.
2. We prepared a schematic diagram of the radio circuit, either by using a
software tool or by drawing it manually.
3. We identified and labeled each component based on its value and location
in the circuit.
4. We prepared an acrylic board as our base material for mounting the
components.
5. Using a soldering iron, we soldered each component to its designated
location on the acrylic board, following the schematic diagram.
6. We tested the continuity of the circuit using a multimeter to ensure that all
the components were connected correctly.
7. We connected the necessary wires and components, including the
antenna, speaker, and power source.
8. We tested the radio circuit by turning it on and tuning it to an AM or FM
frequency.
9. We adjusted the tuning knob and volume control to receive a clear signal.
 QUEZON CITY UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering
Electronics Engineering

10. We troubleshooted any issues with the radio circuit, such as poor
reception or weak sound output, by checking each component and
connection.
11. Once the radio circuit was working correctly, we mounted it inside an
acrylic enclosure for protection.
12. We tested the radio circuit again inside the enclosure to ensure that it was
working correctly.
13. We documented the process of building the radio circuit, including any
issues we faced and how we resolved them.
V. OBSERVATION AND ANALYSIS
a. What is your observation during before and after construction of the
project?
Before constructing our READY-O-RADIO project, we had limited knowledge and
understanding of radio communication principles, including modulation, demodulation,
and amplification. However, through this project, we were able to acquire new
knowledge and develop our skills in electronics, including the use of multimeters,
soldering irons, and other tools.
During the construction process, we faced several challenges, such as identifying
the correct components, following the schematic diagram, and soldering the
components correctly. However, with patience and persistence, we were able to
overcome these challenges and build a functional AM/FM radio circuit.
After completing the project, we observed a significant improvement in our
understanding of radio communication principles and electronics. We also developed
our problem-solving skills as we troubleshooted any issues with the radio circuit and
debugged it to ensure proper functionality.
Moreover, we gained hands-on experience in building a radio circuit without
using a printed circuit board (PCB). This allowed us to understand the importance of
proper component placement and wiring for a functional circuit.
Overall, our observation before and after constructing the READY-O-RADIO
project was that we gained new knowledge and skills, developed problem-solving skills,
and gained hands-on experience in electronics. The project provided us with a valuable
learning experience and a sense of accomplishment in building a functional radio circuit.

b. Discuss the circuit/block diagram of the project.

The READY-O-RADIO project consists of a simple AM/FM radio circuit that receives
radio signals from the air and converts them into audible sound through a speaker. The
 QUEZON CITY UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering
Electronics Engineering

circuit can be divided into several blocks that work together to produce a functional
radio.
At the heart of the circuit is the radio frequency (RF) stage, which includes an
antenna, a tunable resonant circuit, and a mixer stage. The antenna receives radio
signals from the air, which are then filtered and tuned to a specific frequency by the
resonant circuit. The mixer stage mixes the tuned signal with a local oscillator frequency
to produce an intermediate frequency (IF) signal.
The IF signal is then passed through a bandpass filter and an IF amplifier to
boost its strength and filter out any unwanted noise or signals. The output of the IF
amplifier is then passed through a demodulator circuit, which extracts the audio signal
from the IF carrier signal.
The demodulated audio signal is then passed through an audio amplifier circuit,
which boosts its strength to drive a speaker. The audio amplifier is also equipped with
volume and tone controls to adjust the sound output.
Finally, the circuit is powered by a battery or a power supply, which provides the
necessary voltage and current to power the various blocks of the radio circuit. Overall,
the circuit/block diagram of the READY-O-RADIO project consists of several blocks that
work together to receive, filter, amplify, demodulate, and amplify again the radio signals,
to produce an audible sound output.

VI. ILLUSTRATION OF PROJECT

a. Circuit Diagram
 QUEZON CITY UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering
Electronics Engineering

b. PCB Lay-out Diagram

c. Block Diagram
AM Radio Block Diagram

FM Radio Block Diagram

 QUEZON CITY UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering
Electronics Engineering

d. Picture/Image of each component parts

RESISTORS

CAPACITORS

INDUCTORS
 QUEZON CITY UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering
Electronics Engineering

SWITCH

X`

IC

TUNER

POTENTIOMETER

SPEAKER

ACRYLIC GLASS
 QUEZON CITY UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering
Electronics Engineering

MULTITESTER

e. Picture Diagram of the project with label

VII. Personal Information of each member with 2x2 picture.