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Experiment No.1 - Lab Report - CORPUZ
Experiment No.1 - Lab Report - CORPUZ
Experiment No.1 - Lab Report - CORPUZ
Introduction:
A fundamental area of research in engineering and physics called fluid mechanics examines how
fluids—which include both liquids and gases—behave in diverse situations. The volume of fluid traveling
through a certain place in a system per unit of time is represented by this fundamental fluid mechanics quantity.
How much liquid moves through a space at one time is called the flow rate of a liquid. Both velocity and cross-
sectional area, time, and volume can be used to express flow rate. Since liquids cannot be compressed, the rate
of flow into and out of a given space must be equal. For the purpose of developing, operating, and maintaining
hydraulic systems, accurate flow measurement is necessary.
𝑀𝐹 = 𝜌𝑄
3. Weight Flow Rate (WF) - This measures the mass of fluid passing through a given point in a system per unit
of time. The common units for WF are N/s and lbf/min. It is defined as the weight of any fluid passing through
any section per unit time.
𝑊𝐹 = 𝛾𝑄
The experiment was designed to investigate the behavior of fluid flow, the control of flow rate in
hydraulic systems, and Bernoulli's equation. The hydraulic bench is an effective instrument for studying fluid
dynamics because it is a flexible apparatus for modeling fluid flow phenomena.
Materials Used:
HYDRAULICS BENCH
An experimental tool used in fluid mechanics laboratories to mimic and research numerous aspects of fluid flow
and hydraulic systems is called a hydraulics bench. It is the central apparatus that includes components such as
pipes, pumps, valves, and pressure gauges for creating a controlled hydraulic system. In this experiment, the
hydraulics bench is used to regulate the fluid's flow in order to slow or speed up its discharge. The volumetric
flow rate, mass flow rate, and weight flow rate of the fluid will be determined using the data.
STOPWATCH
It is used to accurately measuring the time taken for a certain volume of water to flow through the system. The
flow of discharge varied at different volumes, such as 10 L, 15 L, and 20 L, and was recorded using a
stopwatch.
Procedures:
1. If the Hydraulics Bench was already prepared and ready to use, the instructor proceeded to switch the power
of the apparatus to operate it.
2. The flow control valve was slowed down by the teacher. This indicates that the hydraulics bench's fluid flow
is only set to a low setting.
3. In order for the water to be stored in the tank, the gate valve was then closed by one of the members of the
group. Closing the gate valve allows water to accumulate and fill the pipes, channels, and other components of
the hydraulic system.
4. Using the volume scale, the crew calculated the amount of fluid in the storage tank. 10L to 20L, 10L to 25L,
and 10L to 30L are the volumes. The amount of time it will take for the fluid to reach the desired volume is also
measured using a timer. This timing information was then utilized for calculating flow rates, an essential
component of the experiment's analysis. The calculations of the relevant values will require time.
5. After filling the storage tank with water, the gate valve is opened in order to drain the water to proceed to
another trial.
6. After finishing the three trials for the low setting of discharge, immediately ask the instructor to switch the
flow control valve to the high setting which is faster. Repeat the same procedures 3-5 for another three trials.
7. After collecting the required data for the experiment, proceed to the calculations to gather the results
necessary to determine the Volumetric Flow Rate, Mass Flow Rate, and Weight Flow Rate.
The experiment's initial flow setting and the data from the three trials are presented in the table above.
The amount of water that was collected is measured in liters, and the timer or stopwatch is used to get and
calculate the collecting time in seconds. Volumetric flow, which is the volume of water collected (L) divided by
the collection time (s), represents the computed results and is stated in the table above. The volumetric flow rate
is multiplied by the water's density to identify and calculate the mass flow rate. In the method of dividing the
volumetric flow rate by the water's unit weight, the weight flow rate is calculated.
Conclusion:
The laboratory experiment, Determination of Flow Rate using the Hydraulics Bench, shed significant
understanding on fluid dynamics and its useful applications. The experiment demonstrated the relationship
between flow rate and pressure as well as the effects of these parameters on hydraulic systems by manipulating
valve openings and pump settings. The results of the experiment point to an inversely proportionate relationship
between flow rates and the water volume collected, as seen in the tables above.
References:
q=what+is+flow+rate&rlz=1C1GCEA_enPH966PH966&oq=what+is+flow+rate&aqs=chrome..69i57j0i
22i30l9.6452j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
What is volume flow rate? (article) | Fluids | Khan Academy. (n.d.). Khan Academy.
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/fluids/fluid-dynamics/a/what-is-volume-flow-rate
Byju's. (n.d.). Mass Flow Rate Formula. Byju's Learning App. https://byjus.com/mass-flow-rate-formula/