ARDUINO BASED WATER SYSTEM USING ULTRASONIC SENSOR

DATU ZUHARTO A. SULTAN

Thesis Manuscript Submitted to the Department of Electronics Engineering,

College of Engineering and Information Technology, University
of Southern Mindanao, Kabacan, Cotabato in Partial
Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DECEMBER 2022
 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO
Kabacan, Cotabato
Philippines

APPROVAL OF THESIS MANUSCRIPT

Name DATU ZUHARTO A. SULTAN
Major N/A
Degree Sought BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
Specialization N/A
Thesis Title ARDUINO BASED WATER SYSTEM USING ULTRASONIC SENSOR

APPROVED BY THE GUIDANCE COMMITTEE

_JERRY P. PIAMONTE_ _____________________________
Adviser Co-Adviser
(Optional)
______________ _____________
Date Date
__________________________ GERALDO P. ULEP
Statistician Department Research Coordinator
(Optional)
______________ _____________
Date Date
__MARICEL G. DAYADAY__
Department Chairperson
______________
Date

MA. DELY P. ESBERTO, DEng _MELECIO A. CORDERO JR._

College Research Coordinator Dean
______________________ ______________________
Date Date
Study No: ________________
Index No: ________________
Recorded by: _____________
RECORDED:
LYDIA C. PASCUAL,MSc
Director for Research and Development
_________________
Date
Recorded by: __________

USM-EDR-F05-Rev.4.2020.11.16

ii
 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO Colleg
e Seal
Kabacan, Cotabato
Philippines
ACCEPTANCE OF THESIS

The thesis attached hereto, entitled “Arduino Based Water System Using

Ultrasonic Sensor” prepared and submitted by Datu Zuharto A. Sultan in partial

fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Electronics

Engineering is hereby accepted.

JERRY P. PIAMONTE
Adviser

__2021.05.26__
Date

Accepted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in

Electronics Engineering.

MA. DELY P. ESBERTO, DEng

College Research Coordinator

_________________________
Date

USM-EDR-F10-Rev.3.2020.02.24

iii
 BIOGRAPHICAL DATA

The researcher was born on the 15 th day of September 1997 at Baua 2,

Cotabato City. He is the fourth child of the seven children of Mr.Datu Maido L.

Sultan and Zenaida M. Andatuan

He completed his primary education at A.R Pacheco College

Incorporated Cotabato City in the year 2010 and finished his secondary

education at De La Vida College, Incorporated in the year 2014.

The researcher pursued his tertiary Education at the University of

Southern Mindanao, Kabacan, North Cotabato and took up Bachelor of

Science in Electronics Engineering in 2014. He chose this career path to fully

enhance his knowledge in the field of information technology.

With Allah’s (S.W.T) guidance and grace, he is hoping to become a

successful and skilled engineer in the future and become an instrument of

Allah (S.W.T) for those who are in need.

DATU ZUHARTO A SULTAN

Researcher

iv
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, the researcher wishes to express his gratitude to

Allah (S.W.T) for providing him with courage, intelligence, perseverance, and

wisdom. He anticipates His continued support for the rest of his life.

The achievement of this research would not have been possible without

the help of a large number of people. As a result, he wishes to express his

gratitude to them all.

To his beloved Ama and Ina (his parents) Datu Zuharto A. Sultan and

Mrs. Zenaida M. Sultan for their moral, financial and spiritual support; for their

everlasting love and guidance and for being the reasons why the researcher

continued to fight to achieve success;

To his relatives from Andatuan and Sultan family, for their

overwhelming support and prayers;

SIR JERRY P. PIAMONTE, his adviser, for his unwavering support,

encouragement and numerous advices, suggestions, corrections, and

knowledge shared as well as for allowing him to conduct this study.

To his best friends called Pido Squad since he entersed college,

Joharie Pido, Russel Undong, Alex Mantawil, Yousef Camsa and Al-

Fatah Malon, for their unending love, support and encouragement;

To his special person, Fauzia S. Mama for her unconditional love and

care as well as support to the researcher as his girlfriend;

v
 To his high school classmates, who have made the researcher's life

and work bearable for the past six years through their friendship, support and

encouragement;

The researcher would surely treasure everyone.

vi
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
PRELIMINARIES
Title Page

Approval of Thesis Manuscript...........................................................................ii

Acceptance of Thesis.........................................................................................iii

Biographical Data...............................................................................................iv

Acknowledgment................................................................................................v

Table of Contents...............................................................................................vi

List of Tables......................................................................................................v

List of Figures...................................................................................................viii

List of Appendices..............................................................................................ix

Abstract...............................................................................................................x

INTRODUCTION................................................................................................1

REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE......................................................5

Ultrasonic Sensor..........................................................................................5

Pump Control System...................................................................................7

Water Level with Ultrasonic Sensor..............................................................7

Ultrasonic Seonsors For Water level Measurement.....................................8

METHODOLOGY.............................................................................................10

Materials........................................................................................................9

Methods......................................................................................................13

Development of the program......................................................................15

Research Design.........................................................................................17

Data Gathering Procedure..........................................................................17

vii
 Statistical Analysis......................................................................................17

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS......................................................................18

Development of the Program......................................................................20

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION................................23

Summary.....................................................................................................23

Conclusion..................................................................................................24

Recommendation........................................................................................24

LITERATURE CITED.......................................................................................25

APPENDICIES.................................................................................................26

CURRICULUM VITAE......................................................................................32

viii
 LIST OF TABLES

Table Title Page

1 Functionality and accuracy of the device 22

ix
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Title Page

1 Conceptual framework of the study 5

2 Arduino 10

3 Power Supply Module 11

4 Ultrasonic Sensor 11

5 Jumper Wires 12

6 Water Pump 12

7 System Flow of the device 15

8 Actual constructed small tank device 19

9 Actual constructed big tank device 19

10 Screenshot of the small tank program segment of device 20

11 Screenshot of the big tank program segment of device 20

12 Water level reading of the device 21

x
 LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix Title Page

A Application for Research Adviser 27

B Application for Research Title 28

C Estimated Budget of the Research 29

D Application for Thesis Manuscript Defense 30

E Gantt Chart 31

xi
 ABSTRACT

SULTAN, DATUZUHARTO A. 2021. Arduino Based Water System Using

Ultrasonic Sensor: Development and Evaluation. BSEcE Thesis.
College of Engineering and Information Technology, University of
Southern Mindanao, Kabacan, Cotabato. 54 pp.

Adviser: JERRY P. PIAMONTE

The study was designed and developed from January 2021 to April

2021 at Bautista Compound Poblacion Cotabato City. The general objective of

this study was to design and develop an arduino based water system using

ultrasonic sensor. Specifically, it aimed to: (1) develop an automatic water

pump using Arduino based system, (2) regulate water level inside tank using

ultrasonic sensor, and: (3) evaluate the functionality of the system. The device

is composed of two major components: the ultrasonic sensor; and the water

level indicator. In the development of the device and program, the researcher

used different software applications such as: Proteus, for the simulation and

PCB design of the circuit needed for the two components and Arduino IDE, for

the program coding. A monitoring method was used for data gathering. Five

day (5) trials were conducted for evaluating the functionalities of the device.

Using T-test, the device was analyzed as more reliable on monitoring the

water level than the traditional manual monitoring of the water level.

Keywords: Arduino Ultrasonic, Ultrasonic water pump control, Water control.

xii
 INTRODUCTION

Water is an important part of humanity. The human body is made up of

75% water in children and 55% water in the elderly. Not drinking enough water

leads to dehydration which can have many adverse effects on the body, both

physical and mental. Studies indicate that dehydration reduces cognitive

performance in children and raises the risk of delirium in the elderly. Water is

also essential for the maintenance of healthy functioning kidneys,

gastrointestinal function and heart function (Weeks, 2021).

In general, when their taps go dry, people turn on the pump and shut off

the pump when the overhead pump is overflowing. This results in needless

waste and in the event of an emergency, often insufficient water supply.

The microcontroller stops the pump if the overhead tank is full or if

there is an error in the sensor signal or if the underground tank is empty. The

microcontroller will operate the pump if the water level in the underground tank

exceeds the water level sensor of the submersible pump and the water level in

the overhead tank does not touch either of these sensors (the tank is empty)

or touch the sensor at a quarter of the overhead tank level (not full).

Microcontroller signal pass through the driver then to relay for the

implementation of the process of turning on or off the submersible pump

(Burnett, 2021).
 2

Therefore, the researcher came up with the study to develop a device

that can monitor the level of the water and if the level of the water in the critical

level it triggers the pump that will regulate the water source and send water

into the inside the tank.

This study focused on regulating the water level using the Ultrasonic

sensor and Arduino. Ultrasonic sensor is the component to be used to

measure the level of the water on a certain tank. In addition, this study focuses

only on tanks that every compound uses to avoid huge water scarcity.

The general objective of this study was to design and develop an

arduino based water system using ultrasonic sensor. Specifically, the study

aimed to develop an automatic water pump using Arduino based system;

compare the reading of the device to a standard instrument; and evaluated the

functionality of the system in terms of regulating the water level inside the tank

at critical level.

This study focused on the development of arduino based water system

using ultrasonic sensor. Ultrasonic sensor is the component to be used to

measure the level of the water to the tank. In addition, this study will be limited

to Bautista Compound in Cotabato City as it is trying to determined the

efficient water pressure coming from the source going to the tank in a day as

well as it also tried to show the water level to the owner in order to determine

further enhanced with additional component in another study.

 3

The study was conducted at Poblacion 2, Cotabato, on January to

March 2021. The evaluation will be done on the same place on March 2021.

Definition of Terms

The following terms found in the study are conceptually defined:

Ultrasonic sensor is an electronic device that measures the distance of a

target object by emitting ultrasonic sound waves, and converts the

reflected sound into an electrical signal.

PIC16F877A is a strong but easy to use CMOS FLASH 8-bit microcontroller

packages of Microchip's powerful PIC® architecture into a package of

40 and upwards is PIC16C5X, PIC12CXXX and PIC16C7X compatible.

LED stands for the diode that emits light. Driven lighting products make light

up to 90% more effective than light bulbs.

Pump is a moving unit, which is generally converted from the electrical energy

into the hydraulic energy, by mechanical action or often slurries.

Relay is a relatively small electric current-operated electromagnetic switch

that can transform a much larger electrical current on or off. The center

of the relay is the electromagnet (a coil of wire that becomes a

temporary magnet when electricity flows through it).

 4

Conceptual Framework

Figure 1 shows the relationship between the three variables the

problem, solution and the result. The problem include the inputs needed to

solve the problem, in order to reach the desired outcome, by formulating and

implementing a solution.

PROBLEM SOLUTION RESULT

The water pump

Unmonitored water operates
tanks lead to automatically using
unpredicted loss of Arduino and avoids
water supply. emptying the tank by
the use of water
level monitoring.
The traditional
Develop a water
manual monitoring The ultrasonic
system using
and regulation is sensor will sense the
hassle, inconvenient ultrasonic sensor for
water in its critical
and time monitoring. and ideal level.
consuming.
The ultrasonic
Unregulated water sensor senses the
tanks source can water level and
cause to huge water sends data to
loss when left Arduino when to on
unmonitored. or off the water
pump that supplies
the tank.

Fig.1. Conceptual framework of the study

5
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Ultrasonics

Ultrasonics started in the second half of the 19th century with the

discovery of themagnetostrictive effect by J.P. Joule and the piezoelectric

effect by J. & P. Curie. In the same period oftime the first theoretical works on

acoustics were published, such as “The Theory of Sound” by J.W. (Dundas,

2020).

On April 15th, 1912 the Titanic collided with an iceberg, resulting in the

death of 1,517 people. The magnitude and public reaction to this accident

resulted in huge efforts to prevent it from happening ever again. Therefore an

ultrasonic echo ranging system was invented by L.F. Richardson in 1912 and

J. Fessenden built the first iceberg detection system based on ultrasonics in

1914 (Garcia, 2016).

Pump Control System

According to the study of the Pump Control System (Ponrac, 2019) The

development of automation and control processes in industrial applications

has increased significantly over the past decades. Involvement of human

activities in industrial processes has caused so many problems, like safety,

health and industrial damages both to humans (Hanz, 2018).

 6

Some of the industries involved in the development of automation and

control systems are the oil/gas industries, power generation companies, water

and sewage treatment plants, chemical industries, pharmaceutical, food and

beverage industries and some basic systems used by service providers in

small companies and homes (Salgeuro, 2017).

Water Level with Temperature Sensor Indicator

To meet the energy, environmental and safety standards of the power

plant in the power generation industry, centralizing to thermal application for

energy generation and the effect of control systems plays a vital role in this

controller are required (Loresca, 2015).

There comes the need of water level indicators with temperature sensor

for monitoring safety limit temperature. Therefore, an automated water level

indicator is designed in a way that it monitors all the levels of water to be fed

into the container for heating water (Sukmaindrayana, 2020).

Ultrasonic Sensors for Water Level Measurement

Ultrasonic sensors are accurate and cost-effective tools for these

applications. The sensor is placed over the water during service. To calculate

the distance to the water, it transmits a sound pulse that echoes from the

surface of the water and calculates the amount of time it takes for the echo to
 7

return. Sometimes structural components, such as a small pipe, are located in

the acoustic path between the ultrasonic sensor and the water (Massa, 2012).

Water Pump Control Based on Microcontroller and Water Level Sensors

When the overhead tank is empty, the pump will run until the water

level in the underground tank reaches the position of the water level sensor;

once the overhead tank is full, the pump will turn off by itself. The

microcontroller monitors the water level in each tank, relays that information to

an LCD screen, and controls the pump's operation or shutdown via a driver

and relay (Vonponrac, 2017).

Depending on the water level, the appropriate LED is activated, and a

buzzer sounds if the water level in the underground tank drops below the

sensor's threshold (Pao, 2019).

Microcontroller Water level Detection

the usual method of level control for home appliance is simply to start

the feed pump at a low level and allow it to run until ahigher water level is

reached at the water tank. This is not properly supported for adequate

controlling system. Besides this, liquid level control systems are widely used

for monitoring of liquid levels, reservoirs, silos, and dams etc (Kurtez, 2016).
 8

Water Pump Based on Microcontroller

Water scarcity is one of the major problems facing some cities of the

world and wastage during transmission has been identified as a major

problem. In this paper a Microcontroller Based Automatic Control for Water

Pumping Machine and Level Indicator (MBACWPMLI) has been designed,

constructed and tested. The MBACWPML I uses the reflection of sound (echo)

to give the indication of water level in a storage tank and also the automatic

control of the water pumping machine (Khan, 2020).

The microcontroller also gives digital output to turn ON the water pump

(when the water in the tank is at a preset minimum level of 0.27 metres) or

turn OFF the water pump (when the water goes above the chosen maximum

level of 0.05 metres). The MBACWPMLI when tested turned ON or OFF the

water pump at the preset minimum and maximum level and the required LEDs

were also turned ON at the corresponding water level (Long, 2020).

Measuring Water Level with Ultrasonic Sensor

The use of electric pumps to pump water from a source to where it is

needed and during retrieval was successfully done, nevertheless with a

number of shortcomings [8, 9]. The shortcomings are reflected in the

challenges of achieving high energy efficiency and extended lifespan of the

 9

pump by controlling when to pump, when to stop pumping and how to monitor

the level of water in a storage tank (Pienras, 2014).

Several works have been done on the control of water pumping

machine and level indication but these systems have their own disadvantages

as a result of the method of sensing employed. Most of them use the electrical

conductivity of water by installing metallic conductors at separate levels along

the tank height to act as sensors (Tech, 2018).

Water Level using Arduino

The existing system work with many number of wires let us take a tank

which is divided into percentages like 10%,20%, to 100%. Every wire is of

different size kept at different percentages of the tank [3]. If the water present

in the tank is 10% the water touches only one wire so LCD returns the amount

of water present in it (Burnett, 2021).

The ultrasonic sensor plays major role in determining the water level

present in the tank. This sensor is fitted under the lid of the tank and uses the

concept called echo. The sensor contain two small openings called trig and

echo. The trig works like a small speaker in which it sends the ultrasonic

waves and the echo acts as a small microphone in which it receives the

reflected waves which are sent by trig and this echo returns the distance. So

by this we are known of water level in the tank through LCD (Ponra, 2022).
 10

Water Level Indicator

The operation of water level controller works upon the fact that water

conducts electricity due to the presence of minerals within it. So water can be

used to open or close a circuit. As the water level rises or falls, different

circuits in the controller send different signals (Pongrac, 2020).

These signals are used to switch ON or switch OFF the motor pump as

per our requirements. The total amount of water available on Earth has been

estimated at 1.4 billion cubic kilometers, enough to cover the planet with a

layer of about 3 km. About 95% of the Earth's water is in the oceans, which is

unfit for human consumption. About 4% is locked in the polar ice caps, and the

rest 1% constitutes all fresh water found in rivers, streams and lakes which is

suitable for our consumption (Bakheet, 2020).

Water System using Arduino

To use the water efficiently and effectively, a concept of automated

irrigation is introduced. Sensor-based irrigation system is based on soil

moisture sensor that will measure the level of moisture in the soil and propel

the signal to the Arduino and accordingly it will irrigate the crops (Sumanya,

2029).
 11

The Arduino plays the role of Micro-controller. This will compare the

values received from the moisture sensor with the predefined moisture levels

already stored in the system (Weeks, 2021).

 METHODOLOGY

Presented in this chapter are the list of materials and the methods used

in for this study.

Materials

The following materials were used in developing the design and

gathering of data:

Arduino, as seen in Fig. 4, this device used to command the Ultrasonic

sensor.

Fig. 2. Arduino Uno

 12

Power Supply Module as seen in Fig. 3, this module used a supply 5v

power to sensor circuit This serve as the power supply for the microcontroller

placed in the water pump.

Fig. 3. 5v power supply module

Ultrasonic sensor as seen in Fig. 4, this device used to sense volume

of water tank.

Fig. 4. Ultrasonic Sensor

 13

Jumper wires as seen in Fig. 5, This wire were used to connect the

circuits of the device.

Fig. 5. Jumper Wires

Water Pump as seen in Fig. 6, this device were used to maintain the

water of the tank.

Fig. 6. Water Pump

Methods

This section explains the methods used in the conduct of the study.

Device Analysis

The system will be composed of three parts, namely: input, process and

output. The diagram in Fig.7 illustrates how the various mechanisms of the

system are combined. The water supply to the rooftop tank will be provided.

The microcontroller is the device's brain and will provide control of all the

components linked to the circuit. The production is transmitted to the Bautista

Compound customer.

Input Process Output

Compound tank
Source of water Microcontroller

Fig. 7. Device Analysis

 15

Circuits Diagram

Fig. 8. Circuits Diagram

Development of the program

The system microcontroller is to be used a program with C++ language

using the Arduino IDE. Figure 6 displays the system program's flowchart. The

program starts with the source water. The software will verify that the water

pressure is equal to the ideal pressure, If the water level is equal to the ideal

pressure, the device will show a light green panel and if the water level is not

equal to a moderate level, If yes the light yellow panel will show and if no

water level is equal to the critical level, If yes A and the system turns on the

pump and shows the red light panel.

 16

Fig. 9. System Flow of Device

 17

Research Design

The study used experimental research design to evaluate the

functionality of the device through gathering and comparing the data acquired.

Data Gathering Procedure

Table 1 shows data collection between the reading of the device and by

means of a ruler in determining the water level in the tank for comparison. On

the other hand, Table 2 is used to gather data for the device functionality

through series of experiments such as the five trials to test if the device works

consistently by switching on the water pump and regulating the tank If it

reaches the certain critical level, a check mark was put for a successful

attempt.

Table 1. Dummy used as data collection on the water level reading in the tank
between the ruler and the device
TRIALS Ruler (inches) Device (Inches)

3
.
.
.

N
 18

TRIALS
Functionality Assessment

Table 2. Dummy table to be used as evaluation of the functionality of the

device in terms of the water pump

Statistical Analysis

Data will be collected are the average error and standard deviation will

be computed as:

Xn
Average=∑
N

Where, ∑ x n= sum of terms and N = total number of terms

Standard Deviation = A
√ ∑( x i−µ)
N−1

Where, x i = each value from the sample, µ = Average of the samples and total

number of samples
 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter presents the results and discussion of the Arduino Based

Water System Using Ultrasonic Sensor with regards to its development and

evaluation.

Development of the Arduino Based Water System Using Ultrasonic

Sensor

Shown in Fig. 10 is the processing component of the device. It is

composed of microcontroller (Arduino Uno), ultrasonic sensor, water level, led

and relay module. Arduino is the main processor of the processing

component. The Arduino IDE was use to establish the codes needed by the

Arduino board.

Fig. 10. Processing component of the device

 20

Figures 11 and 12 shows the small and big tank finished product of the

study. The device is composed of led light, ultrasonic sensor, relay, arduino

and pump. The water level is where the indicator and the ultrasonic sensor

calculated the volume of the water

Fig. 11. Actual constructed small tank device

Fig. 12. Actual constructed big tank device

 20
21

Development of the Program

The program used in the device was developed using C++

programming language which was coded in Arduino IDE (Integrated

Development Environment. However, the success of the program will not be

determined without the actual testing of the device. Figures 13 and 14 show

the screenshot of the program segment of the device.

Fig. 13. Screenshot of the Small tank program segment of the device

Fig. 14. Screenshot of the Big tank program segment of the device
 22

Water Level Reading of the Device

Table 3 presents the statistics between the water level readings of the

device and the ruler. There were 15 observations of water level reading for

each method. As shown in the table, the statistics shows that the p-value is

0.0010; This suggests that the water level reading of the device had no

significant difference to the water level reading shown by the ruler. Moreover,

the water level reading of the device had a mean relative between 0.013% to

0.45% and a mean accuracy between ±0.04 in to ±0.03in with respect to the

water level reading shown by the ruler.

Table 3. Descriptive Statistics and P-Value.

Mean
Water Level Ruler Device Mean Accuracy P-value
Relative
Reading (Inches) (Inches) (Inches) (two-tail)
Error (%)
Mean 19.07 19.28 0.013% 0.04 0.0010
Observations 15 15 15 15
Std. Dev. 5.33 5.27 0.45% 0.03

Evaluation of the Arduino Based Water System Using Ultrasonic Sensor

Table 4 shows that the device successfully regulated the water level in

the tank from critical level to ideal level consistently for five (5) trials.

Table 4. Evaluation of the functionality of the device in terms of the water

pump
TRIALS Functionality Assessment
1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
 23

Functionality of Device

Figure 15 presents the water level readings of the device. This signifies

that the device is fully functional in terms of the regulation of water level in the

tank.

35

30

25

20
Standard Ruler
15 Device

10

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Fig. 15. Standard Ruler vs. Device
 24

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary

The device used on the study “Arduino Based Water System Using

Ultrasonic Sensor” was developed from January 2021 to April 2021 at Lamak,

Poblacion, Pikit, Cotabato. The study was evaluated at Bautista Compound

Cotabato City. In April 2021 the general objective of this study is to design

and develop an arduino based water system using ultrasonic sensor,

specifically it aimed to: (1) develop an automatic water pump using Arduino

based system; (2) regulate water level inside tank using ultrasonic sensor,

and: (3) evaluate the functionality of the system. Several materials were used

in the development of the device which include the Arduino Mega, motor

drivers, servo motors, DC motors, LCD, power supply, HC12 RF transceiver

module, PCB and wires.

To evaluate the functionality of the device, five (5) trials were conducted

for evaluating the functionalities of the device. The researcher used

descriptive statistics evaluating the functionalities of the device. The result of

the study reveal that the device was successful in achieving its purpose, and

Descriptive statistics reveal that the device was accurate in performing the

ultrasonic sensor.
 25

Conclusion

Based on the result of the study, the device was able to perform its

functionality in terms of performing the water level indicator. Therefore, it was

concluded that the device was successful in achieving its purpose.

The functionality of the device may be affected by various factors such

as the power supply. The device can be of help to no wasted water and to

reduce human work.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of the researcher during the development and

testing of the device, the following are recommended for future reference and

studies.

1. add more water sensor to calculate the volume of the water;

2. There should be a back-up power battery in case of brownout; and

3. add a feature in the device that can automatically text if the water tank

has error or not functioning well.

 23

LITERATURE CITED

Bakheet, H. A. E. Y. (2020). Water pump control based on microcontroller and

water level sensors. Retrieved on December 9, 2022, from
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Water-Pump-Control-Based-on-
Microcontroller-and-Bakheet-Supervisor/
18e735abef4b0304cbd5fa72dc5009c5f63e8334

Burnett, R. (2021). How to choose an ultrasonic tank level sensor. Retrieved

on December 16, 2022, from https://www.maxbotix.com/articles/tank-
level-monitoring-ultrasonic-sensors.html

Dundas, K. (2020). The 6 best smart water sensors of 2022. Retrieved on

December 16, 2022, from https://www.lifewire.com/best-smart-water-
sensors-4159940

Garcia, L. (2016). Automatic water pump controller using arduino Uno.

Retrieved on December 9, 2022 from
https://www.create.arduino.cc/projecthub/blackpanda856/automatic-
water-pump-controller-using-arduino-uno-fd902b

Hanz, M. (2018). Applications for ultrasonic sensors. Retrieved December 16,

2022, from https://www.migatron.com/ultrasonic-detections-and-control-
applications/

khan, B. (2020). Water pump control based on microcontroller and water level
sensors. Retrieved on December 16, 2022, from
https://www.afribary.com/works/water-pump-control-based-on-
microcontroller-and-water-level-sensors

Kurtez, J. (2018). Arduino water sensor arduino tutorial. Retrieved on

December 9, 2022, from
https://www.arduinogetstarted.com/tutorials/arduino-water-sensor

Long, D. (2020). Water level indicator circuit diagram-liquid level sensor

project. Retrieved on December 16, 2022, from
https://www.circuitstoday.com/simple-water-level-idicator

Loresca, I. (2015). Microcontroller based water level detection and pump

control. Retrieved on December 9, 2022, from
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 27

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 28

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 23

APPENDICES
 30

Appendix A. Estimated Budget of the Research

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO

Kabacan, Cotabato
Philippines

ACTUAL BUDGET OF THE RESEARCH

Title of the study

ARDUINO BASED WATER SYSTEM USING ULTRASONIC SENSOR

ITEMS ESTIMATED COST (Php)

I. MAINTENANCE AND OPERATING EXPENSES (MOE)
1. Travel 1, 000.00
2. Materials and supplies
a. Casing Materials 500.00
b. Ultrasonic Senosr 1,000.00
c. Arduino Uno 500.00
d. Other materials 2,000.00
3. Sundry (binding and reproduction)
a. Outline 1,000.00
b. Manuscript 2,000.00
4. Contingency (10% of MOE) 1,100.00
Grand Total 9,100.00
Prepared and submitted by:

DATU ZUHARTO A. SULTAN

Printed Name and Signature of the Student
NOTED

JERRY P. PIAMONTE _____2020.12.15______

Adviser Date

GERALDO P. ULEP _____2020.12.15_______

Department Research Coordinator Date

MARICEL G. DAYADAY _____2020.12.15_______

Department Chairperson Date
 31

Appendix B. Application for Thesis Manuscript Defense

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO

Kabacan, Cotabato
Philippines
APPLICATION FOR MANUSCRIPT DEFENSE
Name DATU ZUJHARTO A. SULTAN
Degree/Major BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
Thesis Title ARDUINO BASED WATER SYSTEM USING ULTRASONIC SENSORS
Date of Examination NOVEMBER 23,2020
Time 11:00AM-12:00NN
Place COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY(CEIT)

MEMBERS OF THE EXAMINING COMMITTEE

Name Signature Date

GERALDO P. ULEP __________________ ____2020.11.16_____

JUNEPH F. PELAEZ __________________ ____2020.11.16_____
MARICEL G. DAYADAY __________________ ____2020.11.16_____

RECOMMENDING APPROVAL:

JERRY T. PIAMONTE
Adviser
APPROVED:
_____________________ MARICEL G. DAYADAY
Statistician (Optional) Department Chairperson

GERALDO P. ULEP
Department Research Coordinator

REPORT ON THE RESULT OF EXAMINATION

Name Signature Remarks

GERALDO P. ULEP __________________ __________________
JUNEPH F. PELAEZ __________________ __________________
MARICEL G. DAYADAY __________________ __________________

APPROVED:
GERALDO P. ULEP
Department Research Coordinator
_____2020.11.23_____
Date

USM-EDR-F05-Rev.4.2020.11.16
 32

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO

Kabacan, Cotabato
Philippines

CURRICULUM VITAE

DATU ZUHARTO A. SULTAN

Maria Clara St., Poblacion, Kabacan, Cotabato
+63 920 350 1508
rduddipa@gmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION
Last Name SULTAN

First Name DATU ZUHARTO

Middle Name ANDATUAN

Nickname BURI

Age 25

Nationality FILIPINO

Religion ISLAM

Civil Status SINGLE

Father’s Name DATU MAIDO SULTAN

Mother’s Name ZENAIDA ANDATUAN

Educational Background
Elementary A.R PACHECO COLLEGE INC.

High School DELA VIDA COLLEGE

Tertiary UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN

MINDANAO