Storm Daniel

Storm Daniel, also known as Cyclone Daniel, was the deadliest

and costliest Mediterranean tropical-like cyclone ever recorded as Storm Daniel
well as the deadliest weather event of 2023 to date.[1] Forming as a
low-pressure system around 4 September 2023, the storm affected
Greece, Bulgaria and Turkey with extensive flooding. The storm
then organized as a Mediterranean Low and was designated as
Storm Daniel, in which it soon acquired quasi-tropical
characteristics (TLC) and moved toward the coast of Libya, where
it caused catastrophic flooding before degenerating into a remnant
low. The storm was the result of an Omega block, as a high-
pressure zone became sandwiched between two zones of low
pressure, the isobars shaping a Greek letter Ω.[2][3]

Due to the storm's short-lived and sudden nature, preparations for

the storm were little to none. In Greece, the storm was considered
its worst in recorded history, with severe rainfall leading to
flooding causing more than €2 billion in damages. Worst affected
was Libya, where torrential rains caused two dams to fail near the Storm Daniel over the
city of Derna, resulting in thousands of deaths, with up to 100,000 Mediterranean on 9 September
people missing. In the aftermath, several countries along the 2023
Mediterranean Sea pledged to bring aid to affected countries. Meteorological history
Formed 4 September 2023
Meteorological history Dissipated 12 September
2023
An area of low pressure developed over the Ionian Sea with its
surface temperature within the range of tropical transition.[4] On Subtropical storm
4 September, an atmospheric disturbance moved southwards over 1-minute sustained (SSHWS)
the Balkan Peninsula which led to torrential rains, notably over the Highest winds 85 km/h (50 mph)
Thessaly region.[4] The system became a mediterranean cyclone
over the Ionian Sea the following day, and was named Storm Overall effects
Daniel by the Hellenic National Meteorological Service.[5] During Fatalities 5,326+
the following days, the system moved southeastward, with winds Injuries 7,000+
recorded by instruments on Metop at 45 knots (83 km/h;
52 mph).[6] The storm then made landfall near the city of Benghazi Missing 10,000–100,000+
in Libya. On 10 September, Daniel went east and continued inland Damage >€2 billion ($2.14
before degenerating into a remnant low due to dry air and land billion)
interaction later on, with the storm fully dissipating by 12
Areas affected Libya, Greece,
September.
Bulgaria, Turkey,
Egypt
Impact
Part of the 2022–23 European
windstorm season[a] and 2023–24
Greece
 On 5 September, at least Mediterranean tropical-like
one person died in floods cyclone season
in Thessaly, Greece.[7] On
the same day, the village of
Zagora received 1,092
millimetres (3.583 ft) of
rain, 55 times higher than
the average rainfall for the
same month across the
country.[8] In Portaria, new
record amounts of rain were
also measured at 884
millimetres (2.900 ft).
Floods in central Greece Further rainfall could not be
measured because the
weather station
subsequently failed. [9] On 6 September, the Krafsidonas river,
which rises at Pelion, overflowed its banks in Volos and destroyed a
bridge[10] and a nursing home,[11] while dragging cars, buses,[12]
trees and other debris along its course.[13]

On 7 September, the main Greek motorway between Athens and A flooded street in Larisa, Greece
Thessaloniki was closed and train services between the two cities
were suspended.[14] In Thessaly, buildings and bridges tore down
and whole cities submerged, where over 800 people had to be rescued.[15] In Larissa, after the rains ended
on 8 September, the water continued to rise as the Pineios river overflowed its banks to reach a level of 9.5
metres (31 ft), compared to the normal at around 4 metres (13 ft).[16]

Since the rainfall started, the Copernicus Programme's Rapid Mapping Service was activated for the flood
zone in Greece, in which analysis of the Sentinel-1 data from 7 September revealed an estimated flood area
of ​around 73,000 hectares (180,000 acres).[17] Meteorologists classified the storm as Greece's worst since
records began in 1930.[18] The floods in Thessaly, which supplies about 15% of Greece's agricultural
production, destroyed the crops for the remainder of the year and caused serious long-term damage as the
thick layer of mud would make the soil infertile overall, taking up to five years to become fully functional
again.[18] The governor of Thessaly, Kostas Agorastos, told the ERT that the storm damage in the region
was valued at more than €2 billion.[19]

On 10 September, four bodies were found in Greece, raising the death toll in the country to fifteen with two
people still missing as of 11 September.[20]

Turkey

During the earlier days of the storm, five people were killed in Turkey during floods in Kırklareli, another
two died in the Istanbul districts of Başakşehir and Küçükçekmece.[5]

Bulgaria

Villages on and near the Black Sea coast in Burgas Province of southeastern Bulgaria were submerged,
including Kosti and Arapya with people being evacuated. Three people were swept away after a bridge
collapsed in the Tsarevo area, and another person also drowned near the town.[21][22]
Rainfall in Kosti was measured at 311 mm (420% of the monthly
average for September), in Ahtopol it amounted to 196 mm (350%
of the monthly average), in Gramatikovo to 275 mm (368% of the
monthly average).[23] In Tsarevo, rainfall may have set a Bulgarian
national record, with 330 mm of precipitation within 20 hours (40%
of the annual average).[24]

A rare waterspout was observed in the sea near Tyulenovo in

northeastern Bulgaria.[25]

Libya

In Derna, at least 2,000 people were confirmed dead after two dams
collapsed, causing catastrophic damage across the area after the
Wadi Derna overflowed its banks[26] by 50 metres (160 ft) on each Storm Daniel on 5 September 2023
side. [27] Osama Hamada, Prime Minister of the Government of
National Stability which controls eastern Libya, stated that
residential neighborhoods were swept away. Videos posted to social media showed cars being submerged
in the deluge.[28] Four bridges also collapsed, while government minister Hisham Chkiouat said that 25%
of Derna had "disappeared",[29] with large parts of the city dragged out to sea.[30] Hamada’s health
minister, Othman Abduljalil, said 6,000 people were missing in Derna alone.[31] Hospitals in the city were
rendered inoperable while morgues filled up, prompting bodies to be laid out on sidewalks[31] and in the
city's main square, while about 300 of the dead were buried on 11 September, mostly in mass graves.[32]
Prior to the storm, residents were prevented from leaving their homes after authorities imposed a
precautionary curfew on 10 September.[30]

About 170 millimetres (6.7 in) of rain fell in Al Abraq. Witnesses told Reuters that floodwaters rose as high
as 10 feet (3.0 m).[33] Flooding also occurred in Tobruk, Tacnis, Al-Bayada, and Battah[31], as well as
throughout Jabal al Akhdar district[32] and in Misrata to the west. At least 150 homes were destroyed across
the country, according to the Libyan Red Crescent,[34] which also lost three volunteers responding to the
floods.[35]

In Bayda, hospitals were evacuated due to significant flooding brought by Daniel[28] and 50 people were
killed[36] and dozens missing.[37] About 414 millimeters of rain fell in the city, which was equivalent to
77% of its average annual total.[30] There were also seven deaths reported in Susa, seven more in the towns
of Omar al-Mokhtar and Shahhat and another in Marj.[38] As of 12 September, according to Libyan
officials, at least 5,300 people had died,[39][40] and between 10,000 and 100,000 others were left
missing,[41] including seven members of the Libyan National Army.[42] About 7,000 people were
reportedly injured[43] and 20,000 were displaced.[38] 145 Egyptian nationals were also killed in eastern
Libya.[31] Khalifa Haftar, the de facto military ruler of eastern Libya, called the damage "huge" and "hard
to describe or measure".[44]

The Libyan National Oil Corporation announced a three-day closure of four oil ports including Ras Lanuf,
Zueitina, Brega and Sidra.[45]

Egypt
Daniel reached Egypt on 11 September, where parts of the northwestern region of the country experienced
moderate rainfall.[46]

Aftermath

Libya

The Libyan Presidential Council based in Tripoli declared the cities of Derna, Shahhat and Bayda as
disaster zones,[47] while the Tripoli-based Health Ministry dispatched a plane carrying 14 tons of medical
equipment, drugs, body bags, and personnel to Benghazi on 12 September.[48] The House of
Representatives based in Benghazi, which controls most of the areas affected, declared three days of
national mourning, as did the internationally-recognized Government of National Unity based in Tripoli led
by Prime Minister Abdulhamid al-Dbeibah.[49]

Tunisia, Algeria, Germany, Qatar, Iran, Turkey and the United Arab Emirates pledged humanitarian
assistance to Libya,[50][31][30] while Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi said that he would deploy the
country's military in coordination with eastern Libyan forces to help in relief operations.[48] On 12
September, Italy activated its civil protection departments, with Foreign Minister Antonio Tajani stating an
assessment team was on their way. Anne-Claire Legendre, a spokesperson for France's foreign ministry,
announced that the country was ready to respond to requests made by Libya's government. EU foreign
policy chief Josep Borrell said the organization was on stand-by to bring support, while the commission's
president Ursula von der Leyen expressed condolences.[50]

See also
Weather of 2023
2023 flash floods in Greece, Turkey and Bulgaria
Tropical cyclones in 2023
Cyclone Numa (2017) – a medicane which also caused widespread damage in Greece
Cyclone Ianos (2020) – a medicane which also severely affected Greece
Cyclone Apollo (2021) – a medicane which also affected North Africa after impacting
Southern Europe

Other disasters which occurred around the same time as Daniel:

2023 Marrakesh-Safi earthquake

2023 Greece wildfires
 2023 North Africa wildfires

References

Notes
a. The season traditionally ends on 31 August. Storm Daniel, which was named on
4 September, was still included.

Citations
1. "Storm Daniel continues to sweep through the Mediterranean Basin" (https://www.copernicu
s.eu/en/media/image-day-gallery/storm-daniel-continues-sweep-through-mediterranean-bas
in). European Union, Copernicus Sentinel-3 imagery. 10 September 2023. Archived (https://
web.archive.org/web/20230912043534/https://www.copernicus.eu/en/media/image-day-gall
ery/storm-daniel-continues-sweep-through-mediterranean-basin) from the original on 12
September 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
2. Badshah, Nadeem (6 September 2023). "UK heat and floods in south-east Europe blamed
on 'omega' weather system" (https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/sep/06/uk-heatwave-f
loods-south-east-europe-omega-weather-system). The Guardian. Archived (https://web.archi
ve.org/web/20230910005413/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/sep/06/uk-heatwave-
floods-south-east-europe-omega-weather-system) from the original on 10 September 2023.
3. "UK heatwave: What is an omega block – and how is it causing our extreme weather?" (http
s://news.sky.com/story/uk-heatwave-what-is-an-omega-block-and-how-is-it-causing-our-extr
eme-weather-12956027). Sky News. 6 September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/w
eb/20230907154254/https://news.sky.com/story/uk-heatwave-what-is-an-omega-block-and-
how-is-it-causing-our-extreme-weather-12956027) from the original on 7 September 2023.
4. "Weather tracker: Omega block brings torrential rain to Greece and Spain" (https://www.theg
uardian.com/environment/2023/sep/08/weather-tracker-omega-block-brings-torrential-rain-to
-greece-and-spain). The Guardian. 8 September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20230912034407/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/sep/08/weather-tracker-
omega-block-brings-torrential-rain-to-greece-and-spain) from the original on 12 September
2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
5. "At least 14 killed as fierce storms and severe flooding lash southern Europe" (https://edition.
cnn.com/2023/09/06/europe/greece-europe-extreme-weather-climate-intl/index.html). CNN.
7 September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230908125508/https://edition.c
nn.com/2023/09/06/europe/greece-europe-extreme-weather-climate-intl/index.html) from the
original on 8 September 2023. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
6. "Weather report. Daniel makes landfall in Libya with torrential rain. Floods in Tripoli « 3B
Meteo" (https://news.italy24.press/world/855040.html). Italy 24 Press News. 10 September
2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230912212752/https://news.italy24.press/wor
ld/855040.html) from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
7. "Na bosbranden kampt deel van Griekenland nu met overstromingen" (https://nos.nl/artikel/2
489351-na-bosbranden-kampt-deel-van-griekenland-nu-met-overstromingen). nos.nl (in
Dutch). 5 September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230907101615/https://n
os.nl/artikel/2489351-na-bosbranden-kampt-deel-van-griekenland-nu-met-overstromingen)
from the original on 7 September 2023. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
 8. Cohen, Li (5 September 2023). " "Historic flooding event" in Greece dumps more than 2 feet
of rain in just a few hours" (https://www.cbsnews.com/news/greece-historic-flooding-more-th
an-2-feet-of-rain-in-just-a-few-hours/). CBS News. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/202
30911020847/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/greece-historic-flooding-more-than-2-feet-of-r
ain-in-just-a-few-hours/) from the original on 11 September 2023. Retrieved 12 September
2023.
9. "Zahl der Opfer in Mittelgriechenland steigt auf zehn – Fluss Pineios läuft über" (https://www.
ksta.de/panorama/newsblog-unwetter-regen-flut-griechenland-tuerkei-bulgarien-aegaeis-ze
hn-todesopfer-in-mittelgriechenland-640331) (in German). Kölner Stadt-Anzeiger. 9
September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230912212741/https://www.ksta.d
e/panorama/newsblog-unwetter-regen-flut-griechenland-mittelmeer-tuerkei-bulgarien-doerfe
r-aussenwelt-abgeschnitten-640331) from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved
9 September 2023.
10. "A Deluge in Greece" (https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/151807/a-deluge-in-greec
e). NASA Earth Observatory. 6 September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/2023
0909113328/https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/151807/a-deluge-in-greece) from the
original on 9 September 2023. Retrieved 9 September 2023.
11. Newsroom (5 September 2023). "Βόλος: Κατέρρευσε πτέρυγα γηροκομείου – Επιχείρηση
εκκένωσης" (https://www.kathimerini.gr/society/562599934/volos-katerreyse-pteryga-giroko
meioy-epicheirisi-ekkenosis/). Η ΚΑΘΗΜΕΡΙΝΗ (in Greek). Archived (https://web.archive.or
g/web/20230911074303/https://www.kathimerini.gr/society/562599934/volos-katerreyse-pter
yga-girokomeioy-epicheirisi-ekkenosis/) from the original on 11 September 2023. Retrieved
10 September 2023.
12. "Βόλος: Τα ορμητικά νερά του Κραυσίδωνα «κατάπιαν» λεωφορείο (βίντεο)" (https://www.naf
temporiki.gr/society/1510337/volos-ta-ormitika-nera-toy-kraysidona-katapian-leoforeio-vinte
o/). www.naftemporiki.gr (in Greek). 5 September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20230909163113/https://www.naftemporiki.gr/society/1510337/volos-ta-ormitika-nera-toy-k
raysidona-katapian-leoforeio-vinteo/) from the original on 9 September 2023. Retrieved
10 September 2023.
13. ertnews.gr, Συντακτική Ομάδα (8 September 2023). "Ο εφιάλτης της επόμενης ημέρας σε
Πήλιο και Βόλο - Ανυπολόγιστες ζημιές, οδοιπορικό της ΕΡΤ" (https://www.ertnews.gr/eidise
is/ellada/o-efialtis-tis-epomenis-imeras-se-pilio-kai-volo-anypologistes-zimies-odoiporiko-tis
-ert/). ertnews.gr (in Greek). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230909010930/https://
www.ertnews.gr/eidiseis/ellada/o-efialtis-tis-epomenis-imeras-se-pilio-kai-volo-anypologiste
s-zimies-odoiporiko-tis-ert/) from the original on 9 September 2023. Retrieved 10 September
2023.
14. "Dodental door overstromingen in Griekenland, Turkije en Bulgarije loopt op" (https://nos.nl/
artikel/2489537-dodental-door-overstromingen-in-griekenland-turkije-en-bulgarije-loopt-op).
nos.nl (in Dutch). 7 September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/2023090710410
2/https://nos.nl/artikel/2489537-dodental-door-overstromingen-in-griekenland-turkije-en-bulg
arije-loopt-op) from the original on 7 September 2023. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
15. Liakos, Chris; Edwards, Christian (7 September 2023). "More than 800 rescued after
extreme flooding in Greece turns villages into lakes" (https://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2023/09/07/e
urope/greece-floods-storm-rescue-climate-intl/index.html). CNN. Archived (https://web.archiv
e.org/web/20230908072446/https://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2023/09/07/europe/greece-floods-stor
m-rescue-climate-intl/index.html) from the original on 8 September 2023. Retrieved
12 September 2023.
16. "Starkregen von Griechenland bis Hongkong" (https://orf.at/stories/3330427/) (in German).
ORF. 9 September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230909143252/https://orf.
at/stories/3330427/) from the original on 9 September 2023. Retrieved 9 September 2023.
17. "Flood in Greece: EMSR692 – Situational reporting" (https://rapidmapping.emergency.coper
nicus.eu/EMSR692/reporting). Copernicus Emergency Management Service. 9 September
2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230907085555/https://rapidmapping.emerge
ncy.copernicus.eu/EMSR692/reporting) from the original on 7 September 2023. Retrieved
9 September 2023.
18. Prousalis, Stamos; Papadimas, Lefteris (9 September 2023). "Boats, helicopters rescue
hundreds after storm in Greece" (https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/deadly-gree
k-rainstorm-ebbs-trail-devastation-emerges-2023-09-08/). Reuters. Archived (https://web.arc
hive.org/web/20230911034038/https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/deadly-greek
-rainstorm-ebbs-trail-devastation-emerges-2023-09-08/) from the original on 11 September
2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
19. "Extreme flooding caused by Storm Daniel devastates Greece" (https://www.ft.com/content/b
46d34c0-fef8-45f2-8930-a01c10b4d13a). Financial Times. 8 September 2023. Archived (htt
ps://web.archive.org/web/20230909131644/https://www.ft.com/content/b46d34c0-fef8-45f2-8
930-a01c10b4d13a) from the original on 9 September 2023. Retrieved 9 September 2023.
20. "Four more bodies found after Greece storm, raising toll to 15" (https://www.reuters.com/worl
d/europe/three-more-bodies-found-after-greece-storm-raising-toll-14-2023-09-10/). Reuters.
10 September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230910222653/https://www.re
uters.com/world/europe/three-more-bodies-found-after-greece-storm-raising-toll-14-2023-09-
10/) from the original on 10 September 2023. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
21. "Bulgaria, Turkey and Greece streets turn to rivers in deadly floods" (https://www.bbc.com/ne
ws/av/world-europe-66728709). BBC News. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/2023090
8001216/https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-europe-66728709) from the original on 8
September 2023. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
22. "Bulgaria: Two People Died in the floods in Tsarevo, Two more are Missing" (https://www.no
vinite.com/articles/221393/Bulgaria%3A+Two+People+Died+in+the+floods+in+Tsarevo%2
C+Two+more+are+Missing). novinite.com. 5 September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.
org/web/20230906124822/https://www.novinite.com/articles/221393/Bulgaria%3A+Two+Pe
ople+Died+in+the+floods+in+Tsarevo%2C+Two+more+are+Missing) from the original on 6
September 2023. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
23. "НИМХ: Най-много е валяло в с. Кости – над 311 mm (l/m²)" (https://bnr.bg/post/10187376
1/nimh-nai-mnogo-e-valalo-v-s-kosti-nad-311-mm-l-m). bnr.bg (in Bulgarian). Archived (http
s://web.archive.org/web/20230908175555/https://bnr.bg/post/101873761/nimh-nai-mnogo-e-
valalo-v-s-kosti-nad-311-mm-l-m) from the original on 8 September 2023. Retrieved
11 September 2023.
24. Capital.bg (5 September 2023). "Национален рекорд за валежи предизвика
смъртоносни наводнения в Царево" (https://www.capital.bg/politika_i_ikonomika/bulgaria/
2023/09/05/4525501_potoput_v_carevo_podobriava_nacionalniiat_rekord_za/).
www.capital.bg (in Bulgarian). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230906155144/http
s://www.capital.bg/politika_i_ikonomika/bulgaria/2023/09/05/4525501_potoput_v_carevo_p
odobriava_nacionalniiat_rekord_za/) from the original on 6 September 2023. Retrieved
11 September 2023.
25. "Торнадо край Тюленово – зрелищни кадри, заснети от Meteo Balkans" (https://bnr.bg/po
st/101873661/tornado-krai-tulenovo-zrelishtni-kadri-zasneti-ot-meteo-balkans). bnr.bg (in
Bulgarian). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230909093121/https://bnr.bg/post/1018
73661/tornado-krai-tulenovo-zrelishtni-kadri-zasneti-ot-meteo-balkans) from the original on 9
September 2023. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
26. Magdy, Samy (12 September 2023). "10,000 people are missing and thousands are feared
dead as eastern Libya is devastated by floods" (https://apnews.com/article/derna-libya-flood
s-storm-daniel-95379b164871d97fb74b1cd1bcb5640c). AP News. Archived (https://web.arc
hive.org/web/20230912202455/https://apnews.com/article/derna-libya-floods-storm-daniel-9
5379b164871d97fb74b1cd1bcb5640c) from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved
12 September 2023.
27. "Libya: Flash Floods In Derna" (https://www.barrons.com/news/libya-flash-floods-in-derna-5
752f323). Barron's. 12 September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/2023091221
2740/https://www.barrons.com/news/libya-flash-floods-in-derna-5752f323) from the original
on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
28. "Flooding in eastern Libya after weekend storm leaves 2,000 people feared dead" (https://ap
news.com/article/derna-disaster-zone-libya-storm-daniel-floods-8fac4fe35b962242568ff219
456c6870). AP News. 11 September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230911
162145/https://apnews.com/article/derna-disaster-zone-libya-storm-daniel-floods-8fac4fe35b
962242568ff219456c6870) from the original on 11 September 2023. Retrieved
11 September 2023.
29. "Libyan floods: Derna city alone recovers 1,000 bodies – minister" (https://www.bbc.com/ne
ws/world-africa-66785466). BBC. 12 September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20230912124053/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66785466) from the original on
12 September 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
30. Fleming, Lucy (12 September 2023). "Libyan floods: Derna city looks like a tsunami hit it -
minister" (https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66785466). BBC News. Archived (https://w
eb.archive.org/web/20230912124053/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66785466)
from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
31. Alkhshali, Hamdi; Salem, Mostafa; El Damanhoury, Kareem (12 September 2023). "At least
2,000 dead and 10,000 believed missing in Libya as 'catastrophic' flooding breaks dams
and sweeps away homes" (https://edition.cnn.com/2023/09/11/africa/libya-flooding-storm-da
niel-climate-intl/index.html). CNN. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230912080145/h
ttps://edition.cnn.com/2023/09/11/africa/libya-flooding-storm-daniel-climate-intl/index.html)
from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
32. "At Least 2,300 Dead In 'Epic' Libya Floods, Thousands More Missing" (https://www.barrons.
com/news/thousands-feared-dead-or-missing-as-floods-devastate-east-libya-7bcfdc0d).
Barron's. 12 September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230912212740/http
s://www.barrons.com/news/thousands-feared-dead-or-missing-as-floods-devastate-east-liby
a-7bcfdc0d) from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
33. Dadouch, Sarah (11 September 2023). " 'Catastrophe' in Libya's Derna as deadly floods
engulf city" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/09/11/libya-derna-flooding-storm-d
aniel/). Washington Post. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230911185822/https://ww
w.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/09/11/libya-derna-flooding-storm-daniel/) from the
original on 11 September 2023. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
34. "Thousands feared dead as flooding sweeps Libya" (https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa
-66773814). BBC. 12 September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230912175
139/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66773814) from the original on 12 September
2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
35. "Three Red Crescent Volunteers Killed While Helping Libya Flood Victims" (https://www.bar
rons.com/news/three-red-crescent-volunteers-killed-while-helping-libya-flood-victims-fd008f
1f?refsec=topics_afp-news). Barron's. 12 September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.or
g/web/20230912212819/https://www.barrons.com/news/three-red-crescent-volunteers-killed
-while-helping-libya-flood-victims-fd008f1f?refsec=topics_afp-news) from the original on 12
September 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
36. "10,000 people are missing and thousands are feared dead as eastern Libya is devastated
by floods" (https://apnews.com/article/derna-libya-floods-storm-daniel-95379b164871d97fb7
4b1cd1bcb5640c). Associated Press. 12 September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/
web/20230912202455/https://apnews.com/article/derna-libya-floods-storm-daniel-95379b16
4871d97fb74b1cd1bcb5640c) from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved
12 September 2023.
37. "2,000 people are feared dead in flooding in eastern Libya after weekend storm, prime
minister says" (https://www.greenwichtime.com/news/world/article/libyan-city-of-derna-is-dec
lared-a-disaster-zone-18359166.php). Greenwich Time. 11 September 2023. Retrieved
11 September 2023.
38. "At least 150 killed, hundreds more feared dead as Storm Daniel sweeps Libya" (https://ww
w.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/11/dozens-killed-as-devastating-storm-daniel-sweeps-eastern
-libya). Al Jazeera. 11 September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230912064
414/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/11/dozens-killed-as-devastating-storm-daniel-s
weeps-eastern-libya) from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 11 September
2023.
39. "The death toll from floods and torrents in Derna has risen to 5,300 dead, and thousands are
missing" (https://lana.gov.ly/post.php?lang=ar&id=287968). Archived (https://web.archive.or
g/web/20230912213301/https://lana.gov.ly/post.php?lang=ar&id=287968) from the original
on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
40. Uras, Umut; Ibrahim, Arwa. "Death toll 'rising by the hour' in flood-ravaged Libya" (https://ww
w.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2023/9/12/libya-floods-live-news-thousands-dead-missing-in
-derna-after-storm-daniel). Aljazeera. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/2023091219102
2/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2023/9/12/libya-floods-live-news-thousands-dea
d-missing-in-derna-after-storm-daniel) from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved
12 September 2023.
41. "Storm Daniel leaves thousands dead, over 10,000 missing in Libya" (https://www.i24news.t
v/en/news/middle-east/north-africa/1694516394-storm-daniel-leaves-thousands-dead-in-liby
a-many-more-thousands-missing). i24NEWS. 12 September 2023. Archived (https://web.arc
hive.org/web/20230912213253/https://www.i24news.tv/en/news/middle-east/north-africa/16
94516394-storm-daniel-leaves-thousands-dead-in-libya-many-more-thousands-missing)
from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
42. "At least 150 killed, hundreds more feared dead as Storm Daniel sweeps Libya" (https://ww
w.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/11/dozens-killed-as-devastating-storm-daniel-sweeps-eastern
-libya). Al Jazeera. 11 September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230912064
414/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/11/dozens-killed-as-devastating-storm-daniel-s
weeps-eastern-libya) from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 11 September
2023.
43. "Floods Killed Over 2,300 In Libya's Derna: Emergency Services" (https://www.barrons.com/
news/floods-killed-over-2-300-in-libya-s-derna-emergency-services-1d2d9ed3). Barron's. 12
September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230912213247/https://www.barro
ns.com/news/floods-killed-over-2-300-in-libya-s-derna-emergency-services-1d2d9ed3) from
the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
44. "Libya floods: 'the damage is huge, hard to describe' says Khalifa Haftar" (https://www.africa
news.com/2023/09/12/libya-floods-the-damage-is-huge-hard-to-describe-says-khalifa-hafta
r/). Africanews. 12 September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/2023091221325
7/https://www.africanews.com/2023/09/12/libya-floods-the-damage-is-huge-hard-to-describe
-says-khalifa-haftar/) from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 12 September
2023.
45. "Libya closes four oil ports as NOC declares state of alert before hurricane" (https://www.spg
lobal.com/commodityinsights/en/market-insights/latest-news/oil/091023-libya-closes-four-oil
-ports-as-noc-declares-state-of-alert-before-hurricane). S&P Global. 10 September 2023.
Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230911032537/https://www.spglobal.com/commodi
tyinsights/en/market-insights/latest-news/oil/091023-libya-closes-four-oil-ports-as-noc-declar
es-state-of-alert-before-hurricane) from the original on 11 September 2023. Retrieved
11 September 2023.
46. "No need to panic! Storm Daniel brings no catastrophes to Egypt: EMA" (https://english.ahra
m.org.eg/NewsContent/1/2/508175/Egypt/Society/No-need-to-panic-Storm-Daniel-brings-no
-catastroph.aspx). Ahram Online. 11 September 2023. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
47. "Hundreds feared dead after Mediterranean storm Daniel lashes Libya" (https://www.african
ews.com/2023/09/12/hundreds-feared-dead-after-mediterranean-storm-daniel-lashes-libya/).
Africanews. 12 September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230912213250/htt
ps://www.africanews.com/2023/09/12/hundreds-feared-dead-after-mediterranean-storm-dani
el-lashes-libya/) from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
48. "Libyan city buries 700 people killed in devastating floods as 10,000 are reported missing"
(https://apnews.com/article/derna-libya-floods-storm-daniel-95379b164871d97fb74b1cd1bc
b5640c). Associated Press. 12 September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/2023
0912202455/https://apnews.com/article/derna-libya-floods-storm-daniel-95379b164871d97f
b74b1cd1bcb5640c) from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 12 September
2023.
49. "Hundreds feared dead, thousands missing after devastating floods hit Libya" (https://www.fr
ance24.com/en/africa/20230911-storm-and-floods-leave-scores-dead-in-libya-govt-declares
-3-days-of-mourning). France 24. 11 September 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20230911171800/https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230911-storm-and-floods-leave-s
cores-dead-in-libya-govt-declares-3-days-of-mourning) from the original on 11 September
2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
50. "Libya floods: Europe promises help, with thousands dead and missing" (https://www.politic
o.eu/article/flood-libya-storm-daniel-missing-dead-eu-help/). POLITICO. 12 September
2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230912213745/https://www.politico.eu/article/
flood-libya-storm-daniel-missing-dead-eu-help/) from the original on 12 September 2023.
Retrieved 12 September 2023.

External links
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Storm_Daniel&oldid=1175122601"