Republic of the Philippines

City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
Olongapo City Sports Complex, East Tapinac, Olongapo City
Tel. No. (047) 224-2089 loc. 314

Title: Meaning and Relevance of History

Module No. 1
I. Introduction
This module introduces history as a discipline and as a narrative. It discusses
the relevance of history, limitation of historical knowledge, history as the subjective
process of re-creation, and historical method and historiography. It also presents the
sources of Historical Data, the different sources of information or data. It will also
discuss the Historical Criticisms.
II. Learning Objectives
After studying this module, you should be able to:
a. Define history and understand the relevance of history in our present time.
b. Use historical method in analyzing the past events.
c. Explain the relevance of History.
d. Determine the Sources of Historical Data
e. Explain how important Criticism in writing the Historical Data.
f. Understand the topic with mastery.
III. Topics and Key Concepts
History
History is derived from the Greek word Historia which means learning by inquiry.
According to Aristotle, history is the systematic accounting of set of natural
phenomena, that is, taking consideration the chronological arrangement of the
account.
There are theories constructed by historians in investigating History.
A. Factual History - This presents the readers plain and basic information. It
answers the questions what, when, where, and who.
B. Speculative History – It goes beyond facts because it is concerned about
the reasons on why the events happened. This theory answers the question
why and how.
History deals with the study of past events. While Historians are the
individuals who write about history. They seek to understand the present by
examining what went before. The practice of historical of historical writing is called
Historiography. It is a traditional method of doing historical research that focuses on
gathering of documents from different libraries and archives to form a pool of
evidence that is needed in making a descriptive or analytical narrative. The modern
historical writing or historiography does not only include examinations of documents

EXCLUSIVELY FOR GORDON COLLEGE USE ONLY!

NOT FOR SALE!
 Republic of the Philippines
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
Olongapo City Sports Complex, East Tapinac, Olongapo City
Tel. No. (047) 224-2089 loc. 314

but also the use of research methods from related areas of study such as Archeology
and Geography.
Question: Does History has its limitation? Yes or no?
The incompleteness of records has limited man’s knowledge of history. Most
human affairs happen without leaving any evidence or records. If there are, there is no
further evidence of the human setting in which to place surviving artifacts. With this
the past has perished forever with only an occasional trace.
Now, Let’s go back to the question does History has a limitation?
The answer is No, our History doesn’t have a limitation rather our Historical
Knowledge. Why? As mentioned earlier, the incompleteness of records limited our
knowledge of history. Which means that there are events that happened that we aren’t
sure if it really happened because it has no surviving records. And because of that
historians called that events as History as Actuality. This, History as Actuality refers
to the whole history that happened in the past. On the other hand, History as Record is
the events happened with a surviving artifact and any other proofs from the past.
Historians tell history from what they understood as a credible part of the record,
however, their claims may remain variable as there can be historical records that
could be discovered. That explains the Incompleteness of the Object the historian’s
study.
History as the Subjective Process of re-creation
Because of the incomplete evidence, historians strive to restore the total past of
mankind. History becomes only that part of the human past which can be meaningfully
reconstructed from the available records and from inferences regarding their setting.
Therefore, historians aim for Verisimilitude: Truth, Authenticity, and Plausibility.
Historical records therefore should contain verisimilitude.
Historical Method and Historiography
Historical Method is the process of Critically examining and analyzing the records
and survivals of the past. While, Historiography is the imaginative reconstruction of the past
from the data derived. By this, historians’ endeavor to reconstruct as much of the past of
mankind.
The most important element of Historical Method is called as Historical Analysis. There are
four steps of Historical analysis:
A. Select the subject to investigate
B. Collect probable sources
C. Examine the Sources genuinely
D. Extract credible particulars.

EXCLUSIVELY FOR GORDON COLLEGE USE ONLY!

NOT FOR SALE!
 Republic of the Philippines
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
Olongapo City Sports Complex, East Tapinac, Olongapo City
Tel. No. (047) 224-2089 loc. 314

Why study History? Does it Benefit our present time?

To answer that question let us watch the video in YouTube. Entitled What is History for?
Click the Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hLE-5ElGlPM
Historical Data
Historical data is the data collected about past events and circumstances that pertains
to a particular subject. These are sourced from artifacts that have been left by the past. These
artifacts can either be relics or remains, or the testimonies of witnesses of the past. This are
also the materials from which the historians construct meaning. There are two types of
Sources in History.
A. Written Sources – Are sources that usually in written form. It has three
categories
a. Narrative or Literature – These sources are chronicles or tracts presented
in a narrative form, it tells a story or narrates the story of the events. E.g
Diary, newspaper etc.

b. Diplomatic Sources – are understood to be those documents/records of an

existing legal situation or create a new one. This source is also called as
legal documents. Eg. Laws, Memorandums, Executive orders, etc

c. Social Documents – this are information pertatining to economic, social,

political or judicial significance. E.g Research findings, Records of
census, civil registry, etc.

B. Non-Written Sources – Sources that are not in written form.

a. Material Evidence – this is also known as archeological evidence. These
artifacts can tell a great deal about the ways of life people in the past, and
their culture. E.g swords, relics, bones, etc.
b. Oral Evidence – sources that are transmitted orally. Eg. Tales, folk songs,
interviews. Etc.
There are two general kinds of Historical sources.
A. Primary Sources – are original sources, the first-hand information. The
first-hand account of an event or period that are usually written or made
during/close to the event or period. Eg. Diaries, journals, maps, speeches,
etc.

EXCLUSIVELY FOR GORDON COLLEGE USE ONLY!

NOT FOR SALE!
 Republic of the Philippines
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
Olongapo City Sports Complex, East Tapinac, Olongapo City
Tel. No. (047) 224-2089 loc. 314

B. Secondary Sources – Are materials made by people long after the events
being described had taken place to provide valuable interpretations of
historical events. These are interpreted information also known as second
hand information. Eg Research papers, Articles, Editorials, etc.
Historical Criticisms
Many documents have primary and secondary segments. For instance, examining a
newspaper as a historical source entails a discerning mind to identify its primary and
secondary components. A news item written by a witness of an event is considered as a
primary source, while a feature article is usually considered as a secondary material.
Similarly, a book published a long time ago does not necessarily render it as a primary
source. It requires reading of the document to know its origin.

To ascertain the authenticity and reliability of primary sources to be used in crafting a

narrative, a historian needs to employ two levels of historical criticism, namely external
criticism and internal criticism.

a. External criticism – answers concerns and questions pertinent to the authenticity of a

historical source by identifying who composed the historical material, locating when
and where the historical material was produced, and establishing the material’s
evidential value

b. Internal criticism – deals with the credibility and reliability of the content of a given
historical source. It focuses on understanding the substances and message that the
historical material wants to convey by examining how the author framed the intent
and meaning of a composed material.

IV. Teaching and Learning Materials and Resources

Notebooks, Pen, Speaker, Laptop / Cellphone, and Internet/Data.
V. Learning Task
A. Create a mnemonic for the word history based from you learned from this
module and write your own definition of it based from your learnings.
H – Historical data is the information gathered about
historical events and circumstances that is relevant to a
specific subject.
I – Internal Criticisms deals with the content of the

EXCLUSIVELY FOR GORDON COLLEGE USE ONLY!

NOT FOR SALE!
 Republic of the Philippines
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
Olongapo City Sports Complex, East Tapinac, Olongapo City
Tel. No. (047) 224-2089 loc. 314

historical source.
S – Social Documents refers to data with economic, social,
political, or judicial implications.
T- Historiography is a Traditional Method of doing
historical research.
O – Oral Evidences are sources that are transmitted orally.
R –History as Record is the events happened with a surviving
artifact and any other proofs from the past.
Y – Yesterday’s events will always be part of our history.

Quiz.
A. Answer the following questions write the answer before the number.
1. The practice of Historical Writing. Historiography.
2. The Greek word of History. Historia
3. The meaning of the Greek word History. Learning by inquiry.
4.
5. Three Aims of Verisimilitude. Truth, Authenticity, and Plausibility
6.
7. History that presents the readers plain and basic information. Factual
History
8. History that goes beyond facts. Speculative History
9. The process of critically examining and analyzing the records of the
past. Historical Method
10. Who are the writers of history? Historians
11.
The Four steps of - Select the subject to investigate, Collect probable sources,
Examine the Sources genuinely, Extract credible particulars.
12.
13. Historical Analysis
14.
15. The reason why historical knowledge has limitations. The
incompleteness of records limited our knowledge of history. Which
means that there are events that happened that we aren’t sure if it
really happened because it has no surviving records.

B. Identify the following if it is written or not-written. Put a Circle O if its

Primary source, and put a square if it is Secondary Source.
1. Journal written 4. Relics non written
2. Bible written 5. Bones non written
3. Flag non written 6. Books written
EXCLUSIVELY FOR GORDON COLLEGE USE ONLY!
NOT FOR SALE!
 Republic of the Philippines
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
Olongapo City Sports Complex, East Tapinac, Olongapo City
Tel. No. (047) 224-2089 loc. 314

7. Wheel non written 9. AutoBiography

8. Biography written written
10. Songs nonwritten
C. Essay.
1. Does criticism helps the historical data in preserving the authenticity of
the information? Yes or no? Why and How? (5pts)
For me, yes, criticism helps historical data preserve the authenticity of the
information because, in order to ensure authentic and reliable information, a historian
needs to utilize two levels of historical criticism, external criticism and internal
criticism, that makes the authenticity of the information in historical data preserved
well.
2. Explain the statement (5pts)
“People who doesn’t know history tends to repeat the mistakes of the
Past”
- Mistakes from the past always have a lesson in life, so if you do not learn that
lesson because you don’t know the history, you may end up making the same
mistake and you won’t be able to improve the present.

VI. Reference
Ligan, et al., (2018). Readings in the Philippine History, Mutya Publishing, Inc.
The School of life. (2014, Oct 31). What is history for? [Video].
Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hLE-5ElGlPM
Reflection part

What are your reflections on this module? 2-3 sentences – based on discussion
perception

History deals with the study of

past events and history is very
important to study because it can
provide solutions to the problem
of the present. Historians are the
one who write history

EXCLUSIVELY FOR GORDON COLLEGE USE ONLY!

NOT FOR SALE!
 Republic of the Philippines
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
Olongapo City Sports Complex, East Tapinac, Olongapo City
Tel. No. (047) 224-2089 loc. 314

Title: First Voyage Around the World

Module No. 2

I. Introduction
This module will present the navigation story of the Famous Ferdinand
Magellan in finding the spice island. Along with the module is the important details in
rediscovering the Philippine Archipelago. The life and story of Ferdinand Magellan
before the expeditions, the battle in Mactan and other significant events in the
Philippine history. The expeditions after Ferdinand Magellan will also be discussed
in this module.
The history of the Philippines has numerous splendid topics to discuss. Many
issues have only been briefly explicated and sometimes this brings confusion in
understanding our history. Along with this module it will present some proofs on the
First Catholic Mass that happened in the Philippines on March 31, 1521.
II. Learning Objectives
After studying this module, you should be able to:
a. Discover the true story on the Magellan’s Expedition.
b. Criticize Magellan’s intention in finding the Spice Island.
c. Understand Philippine history during the time came Magellan in the
Philippines.
d. Create a timeline on events that happened in Magellan’s expedition.
e. Explain the next expeditions after Magellan’s defeat in Mactan.
f. Demonstrate the ability to formulate arguments in favor or against a
particular issue.
g. Develop critical thinking by means of a justifying their claims
h. List down proofs on claims where the first mass happened.

EXCLUSIVELY FOR GORDON COLLEGE USE ONLY!

NOT FOR SALE!
 Republic of the Philippines
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
Olongapo City Sports Complex, East Tapinac, Olongapo City
Tel. No. (047) 224-2089 loc. 314

III. Topics and Key Concepts

Ferdinand Magellan
Fernando de Magallanes
also known as Ferdinand
Magellan was born in Portugal
on February 3, 1480. He was a
member of a noble family in
Portugal. He was the son of Rui
de Magallanes and Alda de
Mesquita. At an early age, He
got exposed in different
expedition because of his
family. He then became
interested in finding the Spice
Island (Moluccas Island).
The early days of Expedition
Magellan approached
King Manuel I of Portugal to seek his support for a westward voyage to the Spice
Islands. The king refused his petition repeatedly. And in 1517, the frustrated
Magellan renounced his Portuguese nationality and relocated to Spain to seek
royal support for his venture.
Questions:
a. Why king Manuel denied Magellan petition?
b. Why Magellan relocated in Spain?
c. If Magellan is a member of a noble family in Portugal, why can’t he
support himself?
Before we answer these questions, let us understand the conflict between these
two countries.
Firstly, there was a conflict in lands between Portugal and Spain. It was settled by
the Treaty of Tordesillas. The Eastern part of the World was controlled by
Portugal and The Western part was controlled by Spain. And Magellan wants his
find the spice island by sailing thru west direction. This treaty was approved by
Pope Alexander IV and implemented on June 7, 1494. With this we can now
answer the three questions mentioned earlier.
See the photos below

EXCLUSIVELY FOR GORDON COLLEGE USE ONLY!

NOT FOR SALE!
 Republic of the Philippines
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
Olongapo City Sports Complex, East Tapinac, Olongapo City
Tel. No. (047) 224-2089 loc. 314

The Treaty of Tordesillas

Magellan Route on his Expedition

The Start of Magellan’s Expedition
Magellan relocated to Spain and asked King Charles I to support his
proposed expedition. King Charles I approved his expedition August 10, 1519. King
Charles I funded Ferdinand Magellan’s expedition and gave him five ships. Namely
with their captains:
a. Victoria – Luis de Mendoza
b. Trinidad – Sebastian Elcano (The Flagship/Kingship of the Expedition)
c. Concepcion – Gaspar Quesada
d. Santiago – Juan Serrano
e. Santiago – Juan de Cartagena
Ferdinand Magellan started his Expedition September 20, 1519. They tried to
find the Spice Island by traveling westward. They found a shortcut in the bottom tip

EXCLUSIVELY FOR GORDON COLLEGE USE ONLY!

NOT FOR SALE!
 Republic of the Philippines
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
Olongapo City Sports Complex, East Tapinac, Olongapo City
Tel. No. (047) 224-2089 loc. 314

of South America Continent. And later on, called, the Strait of Magellan (see the
route photo).
During the Expedition, five ships set sailed to find the Spice Island (Moluccas Island)
but only the three came in the Philippines (Victoria, Trinidad, Concepcion). The Ship
San Antonio turn back to Spain after losing their supplies. The Ship Santiago was
destroyed during the storm. But some historians believe that this ship was said to be
caught by Portuguese.
On March 13, 1521 the Expedition set foot on Ladrones Island where later on
called as the Thief Island because Magellan was robbed by the pirates getting their
small boats. And later on, they sailed westward.
March 16, 1521 Magellan set foot on Philippine island of Zamal. Later on,
called, as Samar Island. He met Rajah Garas – Garas. The Rajah of the Humunu
Island which was now known as Homonhon, Samar. From Zamal island, they went to
Humunu island where then Magellan named the archipelago as Las Islas de San
Lazaro (Archipelago of St. Lazarus). Because they were celebrating the feast of St
Lazarus when they set foot on Zamal Island.
On March 28, March 28, 1521, while having a dinner, they’ve seen a fire upon
an island. They sent Enrique de Malacca the slave of Ferdinand Magellan to talk to
those people with a few soldiers with him. Enrique then saw what they call boloto.
Boloto or Bolota are small boats that are used by the early men in fishing.
The next day they went to that island, it was called as Mazzua island. While they
were in the island of Mazzua, the king of that island with his brother came riding in
Balanghai. Balanghai are large boats. That were lived by the kings and/or noble
families. Riding the mentioned balanghai, was Rajah Kolambu and his brother
Rajah Siagu. Rajah Kolumbu was the king of Limasawa, While Rajah Siagu was
the king of Butuan. Were the first blood compact that was recorded between
Philippines and Spain.
On March 31, 1521, the first catholic mass was held in Mazzua in celebration
of the Easter Sunday. The first mass was officiated by the Spanish priest. Father
Pedro de Valderama. And Magellan planted a cross facing the shores. Symbolizing
that the island was already a Christian place. After, the mass Magellan set sailed to
the west to propagate Christianity.
Battle in Mactan
On April 7, 1521, 1521 they arrived Zzubu island later on called as Cebu. He
met Rajah Humabon the king/leader of Cebu and had a blood compact between
him. This is also the First Catholic Baptism Rites and was attended by their leader
and his wife and other families from Cebu. Reyna Juana, was wife of Rajah

EXCLUSIVELY FOR GORDON COLLEGE USE ONLY!

NOT FOR SALE!
 Republic of the Philippines
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
Olongapo City Sports Complex, East Tapinac, Olongapo City
Tel. No. (047) 224-2089 loc. 314

Humabon. After the baptism, Magellan gifted Rajah Humabon’s wife a Sto. Niño
as a thanksgiving gift.
Magellan still wants to propagate Christianity throughout the whole country. He then
went to Mactan island in Cebu. With the help of Rajah Humabon. But unfortunately,
he met the King of Mactan Island, Rajah Lapu-Lapu. Rajah Lapu – Lapu doesn’t
want to submit to Magellan’s wish to be converted and become controlled by the
Spain as what he sees to Rajah Humabon. Because of this, a conflict arose in the
Mactan Island.
Sula then asked Magellan’s help to defeat the Rajah of Mactan Island. Because
Magellan wants to prove his might to these Rajahs. Magellan accepted sula’s
invitation to defeat Lapu – Lapu. A battle enraged between the troops of Lapu Lapu

and Magellan. On April 27, 1521, Magellan died with a poison arrow in his leg
and spear on his hand.
Because of the battle of mactan, Spanish force became weak. And majority
of their soldiers died and injured. The ship concepcion was burned because theres no
more people to operate the ship. Trinidad continue to find the spice island. Victoria
came back to Spain. With the captain Sebastian Elcano, the ship Victoria made to
Spain on September 6, 1522.
Five Expeditions after Magellan
After Magellan’s defeat in the Philippines. The Spain sent more expeditions
with different aims. This are the following expedition:
• Jofre Garcia Loaisa (1525) – This aims to recover the remains of Magellan in
the Mactan Island and conquer the Moluccas Island but unfortunately, they
didn’t arrive in the Philippines.
• Sebastian Cabot (1526) - This expedition aims to Conquer the Moluccas and
to return to the Philippines. But they also didn’t arrive in the Philippines
because they failed to find the Strait of Magellan
• Alvaro De Saavedra (1527) - This aim to search for the missing fleet of the
Loaisa Expedition. And bring it back to Spain. They also didn’t arrive in the
Philippines because they only aim to sail in the Pacific Ocean.
• Rudy “Ruy” Villalobos (1542)
Villalobos started his expedition on November 1, 1542. He followed
the route Magellan. On February 2, 1543 Villalobos came in Mindanao. He
establishes a colony in Saranggani to continue to sail for the Moluccas Island.

EXCLUSIVELY FOR GORDON COLLEGE USE ONLY!

NOT FOR SALE!
 Republic of the Philippines
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
Olongapo City Sports Complex, East Tapinac, Olongapo City
Tel. No. (047) 224-2089 loc. 314

He was also famous for giving the name to the Philippines. He named the
Philippines, Las Islas Felipinas. In honor to King Philip II of Spain. Who was
the king at that time?
• Miguel Lopez de Legaspi (1564)
On february 13, 1565 Legazpi’s expedition landed on Cebu.
Traveling to Leyte, Camiguin, and Bohol. He then made a blood compact
between the chieftain. Rajah Sikatuna Miguel Lopez De Legazpi was also the
first governor general of the Philippines. And the start of the Spain’s
Colonization in the Philippines.
First Mass in The Philippines
The first Catholic mass in the Philippines was happened in the Mazzua
island on March 31, 1521. This mass was officiated by Fr. Pedro Valderama.
They held a mass in celebration of the Easter Sunday.
This site is widely believed by many to be Limasawa at the tip of Southern
Leyte, though this is contested by some who assert that the first mass was
instead held at Masao, Butuan. They both claim to be the venue of the
historical religious site.
Here are some proofs:
The most complete and reliable account of the Magellan expedition
into Philippine shores in 1521 is that of Antonio Pigafetta (Italian scholar)
which is deemed as the only credible primary source of reports on the
celebration of the first Christian Mass on Philippine soil…. (limited info in
journal)
The measurement of distances between Homonhon and Limasawa
between Limasawa and Cebu, as computed by the pro-Limasawa group,
matches or approximates the delineations made by Pigafetta of the distances
between Homonhon and Mazaua and between Mazaua and Cebu…
The precise identity and location of this venue of the First Mass
became the subject of writings of historians and scholars whose differing
interpretations of Pigafetta's account would eventually spawn lead to a
controversy…
For three centuries, it was the prevailing belief that Pigafetta's Mazaua
was a place called Masao near Butuan City in Northern Mindanao. The
Butuan belief persisted from the 17th to the 19th century…
But the controversy did not stop there. In 1995, the Masao group
through Butuan Rep. Charito Plaza, initiated the filing of a bill, to ''Declare the

EXCLUSIVELY FOR GORDON COLLEGE USE ONLY!

NOT FOR SALE!
 Republic of the Philippines
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
Olongapo City Sports Complex, East Tapinac, Olongapo City
Tel. No. (047) 224-2089 loc. 314

site of Masao, Butuan City, as the place where the first Easter Mass in the
Philippines was held.'' The bill was not acted upon…
Other reading materials will be sent to you along with this module.

IV. Teaching and Learning Materials and Resources

Notebooks, Pen, Pictures, Laptop / Cellphone, and Internet/Data.
V. Learning Task
A. Make a Creative Timeline Presentation on the Events happened in the topics. This
will be your midterm Performance Task/Project.
B. Word Pool. Find the correct answer in the world pool and put your answer on the space
provided
King Manuel I King Philip Rajah Garas Garas Rajah Kolambu Enrique

King Charles V Treaty of Tordesillas Strait of Magellan Rajah Siagu Trinidad

King Charles I Spain Portugal Sula Victoria

1. The treaty that separated the world into West and East. Treaty of Tordesillas
2. The Eastern part of the world was controlled by whom? Portugal
3. He urges Ferdinand Magellan to invade Maktan. Sula
4. The Flagship of Magellan’s Expedition. Trinidad
5. The Aid / Helper of Ferdinand Magellan. Enrique
6. The Western Part of the world was controlled by whom? Spain
7. The king of Spain that was recognized by the Roman Empire. King Charles V
8. Villalobos named the Philippines according to name of ____? King Philip
9. The first king Magellan meet in the Philippines. Rajah Garas Garas
10. Who is the king of Spain? King Charles 1
11. The first European to navigate the in the strait in South America. Strait of
Magellan
12. The only ship who returned in Spain. San Antonio
13. The King of Limasawa Leyte. Rajah Kolambu
14. The brother of Kolambu. Rajah Siagu
15. The king who rejected Magellan’s proposed expedition. King Manuel I

C. Make your claim on where the first mass really happened. Write at least 5 proofs
and justify your answer as deep and clear as you can. (15 pts)
10 pts Accuracy of Content
5 pts for the Clarity of Justification

EXCLUSIVELY FOR GORDON COLLEGE USE ONLY!

NOT FOR SALE!
 Republic of the Philippines
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
Olongapo City Sports Complex, East Tapinac, Olongapo City
Tel. No. (047) 224-2089 loc. 314

VI. Reference
Ligan, et al., (2018). Readings in the Philippine History, Mutya Publishing, Inc.

Pigafetta,A and Stanley,H.E.J (1874). The First Voyage around the World, by
Magellan. Retrieved from
https://archive.org/details/firstvoyageround00piga/page/60/mode/2up
De Jesus, V (2004. Oct. 13). Mazua: Magellan’s Lost Harbor. Retrieved from:
https://www.academia.edu/4823676/Mazaua_Magellan%C3%B9s_Lost_Harbor
Bernad, M (2002). Butuan or Limasawa: The Site of the First Mass in the
Philippines: A Reexaminationof the Evidence. Retrieved from:
https://journals.ateneo.edu/ojs/index.php/budhi/article/view/582/579

Ferdinand Magellan started his Expedition

September 20, 1519 to find the Spice Island.
March 16, 1521 Magellan set foot on
Philippine island of Zamal. After Magellan
died, Spain sent 5 expeditions in the
Philippines and Villalobos named
Philippines “Las Islas Felipinas”

Reflection part

What are your reflections on this module?

EXCLUSIVELY FOR GORDON COLLEGE USE ONLY!

NOT FOR SALE!
 Republic of the Philippines
City of Olongapo
GORDON COLLEGE
Olongapo City Sports Complex, East Tapinac, Olongapo City
Tel. No. (047) 224-2089 loc. 314

EXCLUSIVELY FOR GORDON COLLEGE USE ONLY!

NOT FOR SALE!